Lab - 14 - Routing Protocols & Configuration

7/30/2019 Lab - 14 - Routing Protocols & Configuration

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Lab - 14 - Routing Protocols & Configuration

http://www.4shared.com/rar/RkAOflVf/Lab-14-Routing_Protocols__Conf.html

1) Configure the topology2) Verify Connected Routes3) Configuring Static Routes4) Configuring Default Routes5) Configuring Dynamic Routing Protocol (RIP)6) Verifying RIP

1. Configure the topologyDesign and configure the topology as shown below:
http://www.4shared.com/rar/RkAOflVf/Lab-14-Routing_Protocols__Conf.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/rar/RkAOflVf/Lab-14-Routing_Protocols__Conf.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/rar/RkAOflVf/Lab-14-Routing_Protocols__Conf.html


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i. Configure HostsPlease refer to Lab-00-Prepare Virtual Network Environment to configure the loopback and

virtual Linux boxes.

ii. Configure Switchesa. SW_ISB


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b. SW_LHR


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c. SW_PSH


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iii. Configure Routersa. Islamabad


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b. Lahore


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c. Peshawar

2. Verify Connected Routesi. Islamabad

The show ip interface brief command displays the status of three interfaces is up.


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The output of the show ip route command confirms that Islamabad added a route to all

subnets to its routing table.

ii. Lahore


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iii. Peshawar

3. Configure Static RoutesThe connected routes on each router are important; however, to forward packets to all subnets in an

internetwork the router needs other routes to learn also.


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For example; Islamabad can successfully ping the IP addresses on its local connected LAN subnet

(10.1.128.252 and 10.1.130.252). However, a ping of IP addresses 10.1.129.252, 10.1.129.253,

10.1.2.251 and 10.1.3.251 will fail.

One solution to this problem could be to configure static routes as.

i. IslamabadPossible Routes

Route Next Hope

10.1.2.0 10.1.128.252

10.1.3.0 10.1.130.252

Now check can we ping 10.1.2.251.


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You can also verify the static routes throughshow ip route.

ii. LahorePossible Routes

Route Next Hope

192.168.1.0 10.1.128.251

10.1.3.0 10.1.129.253

Verify the static routes for Lahore.

iii. PeshawarPossible Routes

Route Next Hope

192.168.1.0 10.1.130.251

10.1.2.0 10.1.129.252


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Ping Command on Cisco Routers: The Cisco ping command uses, by default, the output

interfaces IP address as the packets source address, unless otherwise specified as in the

example given below.

4. Configuring Default RoutesDefault route is a special static route. With a default route, when a packets destination IP address does

not match any other routes, the router uses the default route for forwarding the packet. To define static

default route use the ip route command with special subnet and mask value, i.e 0.0.0.0 which means

match all packets.

i. Islamabad


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ii. Lahore

iii. Peshawar


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5. Configuring Dynamic Routing ProtocolYou could use static routes, static default routes, on all routers in an internetwork. However, most

enterprises use a dynamic routing protocol to learn all the routes.

Routers using RIP-2 (Routing Information Protocol) advertise a small amount of simple informationabout each subnet to their neighbors. Their neighbors in turn advertise the information to their

neighbors, and so on, until all routers have learned the information

Use the router rip configuration command to move into RIP configuration mode and use one or

more network net-number RIP subcommands to enable RIP on the correct interfaces.

Note: for clarityits better to remove the static and default routes by using the no ip route

command on each router as:

i. Islamabad

ii. Lahore


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iii. Peshawar

Note: To disable the sending of RIP updates on specific interface use thepassive-interface type

numberRIP subcommand but before applying this command RIP on that interfaces must be enabled.

6. Verifying RIPi. Show Command

Three primary show commands are helpful to confirm how well RIP-2 is working.


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a. MetricWhen an internetwork has redundant links, and uses a single routing protocol, each

router may learn multiple routes to reach a particular subnet. The routing protocol then

uses a metric to choose the best route, and the router adds that route to its routing

table.

b. Administrative DistanceWhen multiple routing protocols are used on the single router. The IOS assign a numeric

value to each routing protocol. IOS then chooses the route whose routing protocol has

the lower number. This number is called the administrative distance (AD). RIP defaults

to use an AD of 120. Note; Static routes (backup static route) have a default AD that is

better than all routing protocols, so if a router has a static route defined for a subnet,

and the routing protocol learns a route to the same subnet, the static route will be

added to the routing table.


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For example, the ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.2 150

command sets this static routes AD to 150. If RIP -2 learned a route to 10.1.1.0/24 on

this same router, the router would place the RIP-learned route into the routing table,

assuming a default AD of 120, which is better than the static routes AD in this case.

The show ip protocols command identifies some of the details of RIP operation.

Of particular importance for real-life troubleshooting, focus on both the version information and

the routing information sources. If you forget to configure the version 2 command on one

router, that router will send only RIP-1 updates by default, and the column labeled Send

would list a 1 instead of a 2. The other routers, only listening for Version 2 updates, could not

learn routes from this router.

ii. Debug CommandThis command enables a debug option that tells the router to generate log messages each time

the router sends and receives a RIP update.


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To disable debugging use the following command.

Before using the debug command, it is helpful to look at the routers CPU utilization with the

show process command. On routers with a higher CPU utilization, generally above 30 to 40

percent, be very cautious when enabling debug options, as this may drive the CPU to the point

of impacting packet forwarding.


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Documents

Lab - 14 - Routing Protocols & Configuration