PARTS OF SPEECH

L150PARTS OF SPEECH8 PARTS OF SPEECHNOUNSPRONOUNSVERBSADJECTIVESADVERBSCONJUNCTIONSINTERJECTIONSPREPOSITIONSNOUNSName something: person, place, thing (something you can see or hold) book, racetrack, building, sunsetIdeas are also NOUNS: happiness, knowledge, hope, prayerPRONOUNSTakes the place of a noun or a group of nounsHe, She, You, They, It, We, Her, Them, Him, Our, Ours, Their, Theirs, Your, Yours, Ourselves, Himself, Both, Few, Neither, None, AllADJECTIVESDescribes nouns and pronounsCan be proper (begin with a capital letter)Strong, new, beautiful, Italian, Hispanic, QuickPRACTICEMusic filled the room.Cullen played the old violin confidently.The hours she spent practicing paid off.The delighted audience showed Connie their appreciation.Everyone truly enjoyed the evening.

VERBExpresses action or state of beingAction verbs: go, laugh, spend, workLinking verbs: is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, grow, remain, seem, taste, look, smell, appearHelping verbs: must, might, do, could, should, wouldADVERBDescribes verbs, adverbs, adjectivesHow, When, Where, To What Degree, How MuchVery, carefully, slowly, tooPRACTICEMusic filled the room.Cullen played the old violin confidently.The hours she spent practicing paid off.The delighted audience showed Connie their appreciation.Everyone truly enjoyed the evening. CONJUNCTIONJoins single words or groups of wordsCoordinating: FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)Correlative: Neithernor, Eitheror, Not onlyBut alsoSubordinate: Because, While, When, After, Although, IfExamples:Ronnisha and Makayla lost their phones.Neither my cousins nor their parents arrived.You should not only study but also practice.Because of the rain, the game was cancelled.

INTERJECTIONWord or Phrase that expresses emotionWow, Stop, Oh, OuchExamples:You won the prize? Wow!Stop! That car was about to hit you.PRACTICEJamie speaks English but not Spanish.He is in class at school learning English.Jamie studies in the library with two other students.They enjoy football, soccer, and hockey.Ms. Lietz said, Shh! Be quiet.PREPOSITIONShows relationship of a noun or pronoun to something else in the sentence.Think the squirrel and the treeUnder, below, above, near, around, into, to, beyond, in, out, up, down, with,From, during,

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASEPrepositions never sit alone-always in a phraseAround the corner, near the monkey, with my uncleThrough the pain, up the ladder, like a bee, on the benchWith her, from her sister, between you and meNotice nouns or pronouns always end prepositional phrasesPRACTICEDuring the class, Ashlyn took notes.She dreamed of relaxing beneath a shady tree.Saturday would be a good day for a picnic.DeAndre thought about hitting the wall, but he decided not to.

PREDICATIVE NOMINATIVESA noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames the subjectExample: My friend became a writer.Annas neighbors are Rheon and she.Mr. Dixon and Mr. Plattenburg are neighbors.The person to call is he.They were classmates in school.

APPOSITIVESNoun or pronoun that gives extra informationExample: I take my dog Kong to the vet every Sunday.The noun is DogThe appositive is Kong (more information)Example:DeMarcus live on Hope Drive, a street that has several traffic circles. Hope Drive is the noun.....The appositive is a street that has several traffic circles.

APPOSITIVESLightening struck this tree, an old shady oak.His brother Earl will take us to the mall.I like to visit New Orleans, a historical Southern city, during Mardi Gras.A blind poet and storyteller, Homer, wrote the Iliad and The Odyssey.Arthurs children, my spirited nephews, visit me in May.

DIRECT OBJECTIVESAnswers the question who or what after the action verb.Justin planted tomatoes. Planted what?PracticeMs. Rivers picked Christian for the award.Brianna changed the flat tire.Roddarius phoned Artezia about the party.Each week, they study math and science together.Mrs. Lietz and Mr. Dixon value education.

INDIRECT OBJECTIVESA noun or a pronoun that answers the question to whom? For whom? To what? or for what?Example:Henisha baked a cake for Sams birthday.What did she bake?For whom?Example:The victory brought the school great pride.The victory brought what?To whom?PRACTICE D.O/I.O.Andre cooked his girlfriend spaghetti. Alexus brought lunch for me.Parents ask teenagers questions.Tyvez read his little sister a story about the zoo.Cullen gave his mother a birthday card.

PARTICIPLESEnds in ing, -d, -n, or -edFunctions as an adjectivePresent and pastExample:The freezing rain chilled us to the bone.The subject is rain.describe the rain..freezingExample: I could not eat the burned popcorn.The direct object is popcorn.describe it.burnedExample:A frozen lake is a great place to ice skate.PARTICIPLE PHRASEA phrase that includes the participle and all the words that relate the participleExample:Fine cotton material used for bed linens comes from Egypt.The subject:Verb:Now find the participleTricky? PARTICIPLE PHRASEOpening the door, he was surprised to hear Happy Birthday!

Notice the phrase set off by the commaWho opened the door?

Sobbing, Kendricka opened the door.The forgotten student sat on the steps.Closing the book, Anthony rubbed his eyes.The demand for imported goods is growing in our country.GERUNDEnds in ingUsed as a nounExamples:Reading is my hobby.I was reading my book. (verb) Reading is a gerund Reading is my hobby.reading is a nounExample: She gives hiking serious attention.Our past time, hiking, is so much fun.GERUND PHRASEIncludes the gerund and all the words related to the gerundStill acts as an nounExample:Students are responsible for doing their homework.Doing their homework is a gerund.what is its function?Try this one: Shopping in the mall makes Robert happy.Whats the gerund?What is its function?Subject? Verb? Preposition?Object of the preposition?PRACTICEMontreals favorite activities are hiking and surfing.Working well with others is important in my class.Many people work hard at improving their skills.They put doing a good job first every workday.Mr. Coleman is addressing the problem by calling for a vote.Be careful6. Taking a computer class, Ronnisha learned new skills.7. Ronnisha thought about taking a computer class.SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONSJoins 2 clauses or ideasWhen, If , Before, While, After, During, Although, Because, Where, Until, Unless, Though, ThanExamples:Deshawn locked himself out when he closed the door.Step 1: find he S.C. (subordinating conjunction)Step 2: find the clause

If you bring the chips, I will bring the dip.PRACTICEWe cheered when the flag was raised.After all of the fighting, they still didnt break up.We went to the site while we were visiting.If I return next year, I will not go to Roberts house.When you wake up, you may have cereal.I will go to the Foot Locker while you go to Forever XXI.