KWS Presentation

7/31/2019 KWS Presentation

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PRESENTED BY:-

J. Sarara

THE NATURE ANDTRENDS OF WILDLIFECRIME IN KENYA


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Vision

To be a world leader in wildlife conservation

Mission

To sustainably conserve and manage Kenyas wildlife and its

habitats in collaboration with stakeholders for posterityCore values

We conserve and manage Kenyas wildlife scientifically,responsively and professionally. We do this with integrity,

recognising and encouraging staff creativity and continuouslearning and teamwork in partnership with communities

and stakeholders.

1.2 Vision , Mission and Core Values


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4.0 WILDLIFE AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTALCRIMES IN KENYA

As a developing country Kenya is characterized with a high level ofdependency on natural resources for survival. Some segment of the

society illegally over exploit wildlife resources for either subsistence orcommercial purposes.

Some International decisions have negatively impacted on wildlifeconservation efforts in Kenya.

Shifting patterns of world development have negative ramifications on

wildlife law enforcement . Growing affluence and economic growth in Eastand South-East Asia has increased demand for natural resources, includingan increased demand for wildlife and wildlife products.

Climatic / weather changes have brought along myriad challenges andthreats to wildlife conservation.

Enhanced enforcement efforts have pressurized wildlife offenders to adoptdynamic modus operandi to cope up with or out do law enforcers.


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2984

2180

3554

4357

25442671

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

No.

Arrest

ed

Years

Arrests for wildlife crimes


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Arrest per Offences (2006-2011)

34%

30%

11%

10%

8%

2%1%

4% Grazing

Habitat Destruction

Poaching

Bushmeat

Game Trophies

Illegal Entry

Firearms &Ammunation

Others


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Elephant Mortality (2006-2011)

40%

31%

13%

11%4% 1%

Natural

Trophy Poaching

Conflict

Unknown

Control

Euthenasia

80%

20%

Outside PAs

Inside PAs


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POACHING MEANS TREND 2007-2011

27

45

165

37 54

15

2

15

38

2421

55

1714

72

108

136

1211

13

31

51

2525

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

YEARS

POACHING

MEAN

AR

GS

PO

SN

SP

UN


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Bush meat poaching


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Snaring of wildlife


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6.0 EMERGING TRENDS IN WILDLIFESECURITY

Resurgence of elephant and rhino poaching

Livestock incursion into wildlife conservation areas

Shifts in poaching areas and means

Trophy trafficking methods and concealments

Changes in wildlife movement and dispersal patterns

Climate change


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6.1 Resurgence of elephant and rhino poaching

Elephantpoaching

out sidePAs

Rhinopoachinghas

increasedwithin theranchesimplyingthat morerhinos areunderthreat thanbefore


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6.2 Encroachment into Wildlife ProtectedAreas

Disease free zones Vision

2030

Other illegal activities carriedout through the park. Some

cattle rustling incidents haverun through wildlife / touristsites.

Biopiracy


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281884

592995

846392

240945

334342

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

800000

900000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

QTY

IN

NO.

YEAR

LIVESTOCK INCURSION/DRIVE 2007-2011


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6.3 Shifts in poaching areas and means

Poachers have shifted into virtuallyall the areas hitherto unaffectedexcept inside parks and reserves

Less gunfire but more silent meansof poaching being used. Spears,arrows and snares difficult to

monitor outside PAs and invegetative areas

Increased snaring causingindiscriminate suffering and deaths


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6.4 Banditry and proliferation of firearms

In Kenya poaching is closely interlinked to

banditry since most armed bandits enter thecountry on poaching missions but most often theyengage in other crimes

Poaching

Trophy trafficking

Highway robberies

Arms smuggling

Kidnapping


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6.5 Trophy trafficking methodsand concealments

Payment transaction made through electronic money

transfer. Negative impact on posing as buyer strategy

Phone coverage has eased troop monitoring bycriminals thereby making it easy for them to succeed

Trophy trafficking routes have shifted to Southerncountries

Use of known entry and exit points but contraband

concealed carefully to avoid detection by lawenforcement personnel

h ff k h d d


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6.6 Trophy trafficking methods andconcealments

Hiding specimens Passenger baggage

Cargo containers on the traffickers body False compartments on vehicles Commercial shipments of hunting trophies

Misdeclaration

Incorrect information on customs documents (art craft, recycle wasteplastics, rough game stones, fish maws) take appropriate inspections:

Permit frauduse of forged or stolen and recycling of permits in particular on CITESlisted species. This include forging of signatures of export authorized

officers.

Use of Postal Courier routesMost common system especially for less active animals


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6.7 Illegal Trade and Trafficking in Wildlife Products


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6 8 Ch i ildlif t d


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6.8 Changes in wildlife movement anddispersal patterns

Elephants have been found to have started moving into

their former rangelands. This makes them morevulnerable to poaching. Drought drove elephants tosearch for water & foliage

Subdivision of land has reduced range for plain gameand subjected them to more poaching

Dry and wet seasons poses security threat to wildlife

7 0 SECURITY CHALLENGES FACED IN


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7.0 SECURITY CHALLENGES FACED INWILDLIFE CONSERVATION

Encroachment on wildlife parks/reserves and incompatible land uses.

Poverty and underlying socio-economic problems making people turn to

wildlife crime.

Weak wildlife legislation and policy

Conflicting legislation governing other sectors

Sophistication of wildlife crimes

International dynamics of illegal wildlife trade

Proliferation of small arms

General insecurity in some areas

Global terrorism

Climate change

F i h F


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Facing the FutureEstablishment of specialised units

25


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Facing the Future..Contd..

Enhanced Securityoperations


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Facing the Future..contd..

Mitigation on weak environmental laws

Wildlife Act inadequate hence need to use other relevant Acts Environmental Management and Coordination Act, 1999

Public Health Act & The Meat Control (Transport of Meat) Regulations

Local Government Act

Forestry Act, 2005

Fisheries Act

Firearms Act, Cap 114

East African Community Customs Management Act, 2004


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Provision of wildlife conservation education to create public awareness and

public support for conservation


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Enhanced monitoring and surveillance over the key species


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Is based on Three

Principles

Facing the Future..contd..Force Modernization

Facing the Future cont


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Facing the Future..cont ..Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations


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9.0 CONCLUSION

Wildlife crime works against the objective of sustainable wildlife conservationglobally. It has driven many species into extinction and threatens others and pose agreat threat to national, regional and international conservation efforts.

The prevention and combating of crime involving natural resources should be theprimary concern of the governments as our economies are primarily dependent onnatural resources.

Any crime committed involving natural resources not only degrades theenvironment, but also deprives the local population of their basic needs.Environmental and wildlife security issues are therefore vital national securityinterests.

It is important not to lose sight of the ultimate objective of law enforcement. From aresource management point of view, the real objective is not arresting andpunishing law breakers, but preventing resources from being degraded throughillegal activities, i.e. achieving compliance with the law.


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THANK

YOU

Documents

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