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Know More About Chana or chickpea Crop in India
Chana is one of the most important Pulses crop in India as it
contributes around 40% share
of total Pulses production in India which makes India the worlds
leading Chana producing
country. India produces desi type chana. Despite India known as
a largest Chana producer,
the huge demand for Chana makes it also the largest Importer of
Chana. Pulses import in
India is increasing and now it counts for about 1520 % of total
domestic availability.
With demand exceeding production, on an average, 30 lakh tonnes
of pulses are imported eachyear. Imports consist mainly of Yellow
Peas, Arharand Chickpeasfrom countries such as Australia,
Canada, Myanmar and Tanzania. India imports white peas, green
peas (dried) from Canada and
the US, while Myanmar supplies Urad beans, Mung beans and Pigeon
peas. India also
imports dried peas and chickpeas from Australia, chickpeas from
Tanzania, dry peas from
France and red kidney beans from China.
Chana (Chickpeas)
Chana or chickpea is an important pulse crop of India and is a
rich source of protein and used as
edible seed, dal and flour (besan). It is highly nutritious
legumes contain 25% proteins, which is the
maximum provided by any pulse and 60% carbohydrates. Two types
of chana like desi and kabuli are
being cultivated across the globe.
Desi chickpea: These are split peas and are relatively smaller
in size having a thicker seed coat. They
appear dark brown in color and they can be used and served in
many ways.
Kabuli Chickpeas: Kabuli chickpeas have a whitish-cream color
and are relatively bigger in size having
a thinner seed coat.
Chickpea is sowing in the months of September to November in
India. Chickpea is a Rabi crop. It is
usually suited to those areas having relatively cooler climatic
conditions and a low level of rainfall .
The production of chickpea or chana is affected in excessive
cold conditions. The maturity period of
desi type chickpea is 95-105 days and of kabuli type chickpea is
100-110 days. Harvesting of the
plant is done in February to March.
India is known as the largest producer and consumer of chickpeas
the country contributes around
64% to the global chana output, Followed by Australia, Myanmar,
Turkey, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Iran,
Canada and Tanzania. More than 90% of chana is consumed by the
countries producing it. During
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last couple of years, world chana production has marginally
increased due to increased production in
India and Australia.
In India, Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of chickpeas
followed by Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Indore, Bhopal, Vidisha in Madhya Pradesh, Jalgaon, Latur,
Mumbai, Akola in Maharashtra, Jaipur,
Bikaner, Kota, Jodhpur, Sriganaganagar, Hanumangarh in Rajasthan
are the main trading centers of
chana in the country. Delhi, Kanpur, Hapur, Jalandhar, Ludhiana,
Sangrur, Chennai, Hyderabad,
Vijayawada and Gulbarga are also known for major trading
activity in chana.
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