Kingdom Plante

Multicellular, Eukaryotic, Cell wall made of cellulose, Autotrophs, not capable of movement, reproduce sexually some produce spores and others seeds.

Most have vascular tissues which include roots, stems, and leaves, and specialized tissues called xylem and phloem.

Spore Producing Divisions of Plant9 Divisions of Plants:Spore producers Bryophyta only nonvascular plants, ex

moss and liverwort (gametophyte dominant stage of life cycle know as alternation of generations)

Lycopodophyta ex. 1,000 species of Club and Spike moss

Sphenophyta ex. 10 species of Horsetails Filicinophyta ex 11,000 species of Ferns

(sporophyte dominant stage)

Spore producing plant images

Seed producersGymnosperms: reproductive structure is the cone , “naked seed”◦Cycadophyta 200 species of these tropical plants

◦Ginkgophyta 1 species remains the Gingko tree

◦Coniferophyta 600 species of conifers, pine, spruce, cypress, juniper, fir

◦Gnetophyta 70 species of these arid/semi-desert dwelling plants

Seed producersAngiosprems- reproductive structure is the flower,

seeds are surrounded by fleshy or dry fruit that ripen to encourage animals to disperse the seeds.30,000 or more identified speciesmaple, hickory, oak, aloe, roses, tulips, dogwood, magnolia, corn, beans, tobacco, apple tree, pecan tree

2 classes:Monocots – with one seed leaf or cotyledon and

parallel veins on the leaf, orchids, lilies, grass, corn, grains

Dicots- with two seed leafs and branched veins on the leaf, roses, peas, beans, and oaks

Seed plants

Seed producers- gymnosperms“Cone Bearers”

Flowering Plant images Produce flowers and fruits (fleshy or dry)

Dry and Fleshy fruits Fruit is the mature

ovary of the flower. It surrounds the seed

and is often used to promote seed dispersal.

Animals eat the fruit and seed and poop it somewhere else, this reduces competition with the parent plant.

Parts of a Flower Pollination-

fertilization of the female gamete by the male gamete

Flowers are designed to attract a pollinator, either by color, smell, or offer of food.

Birds, insects, and mammals act as pollinator

Other Plant Info.Symbiotic relations ships: Plants and Nitrogen fixing Bacteria Flower patterns and scent attract

pollinators Fruits promote seed dispersal by offering a

sweet reward to animals.

Plant Adaptations: Tropism- plant activities controled by hormones

◦ phototropism (light), geotropism (gravity), and thigmotropism (touch)

specialized leaves (needles, spines, fuzzy, waxy) help reduce water loss (transpiration) in arid environments