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KINGDOM PLANTAE
CLASSIFYING PLANTS• The terrestrial members of the Plant Kingdom are
generally divided into 2 groups
1. Non Vascular or Bryophytes- lack specialized tissues for conduction
of water
2. Vascular or Tracheopytes-have specialized tissues for transporting water and
nutrients
TRACHEOPHYTES
BRYOPHYTES
CLASSIFYING PLANTS TWO SYSTEMS OF PLANT CLASSIFICATION
1.Natural System- Based on evolutionary relationships
among plants
2. Artificial System- based mainly on size, water requirement, ability to manufacture food, habitat and life span
Bases of Artificial System1. Size
a. Microscopic- Those that are not visible to the
unaided eye
b. Macroscopic-those that can be seen with the
unaided eye
Bases of Artificial System2. Water requirement
a. Xerophytes-live in places with little amount of water
b. Mesophytes-require a moderate amount
of waterc. Hydrophytes
-live in habitats with abundant water
XEROPHYTES
MESOPHYTES
HYDROPHYTES
Bases of Artificial System
3. Ability to manufacture fooda. Autotrophic
-plants that manufacture their own food
b. Heterotrophic-plants that depend on other organisms
or dead organic matter for food
Heterotrophic Plant
Bases of Artificial System4. Habitat
a. Aquatic- plants live in water
b. Terrestrial- plants live on land
c. Aerial- plants live above the
ground
Bases of Artificial System5. Life Span
a. Annual- live for one growing seasonex. Onions, garlic, patola
b. Biennials- complete their life cycle in 2 yearsex. Okra, parsley,
sunflowerc. Perennials
- live for many years
Bases of Artificial System6. Habit – refers to body appearance
a. Trees- woody perennial plants with a single stem or trunk
b. Shrubs – plants with several main stems arising at or near the groundc. Herbs-come with soft
stemd. Vines- climbing plants
TREES
VINES
HERBS
SHRUBS
NONVASCULAR PLANTS
• They live in moist and damp places since they do not have xylem and phloem to move water from one part to another
• They are usually small in size due to this missing part
• Bryophytes do not have true roots, stem and leaves
NONVASCULAR PLANTS• They are called thalloid plants
• These plants grow from spores
• Composed of mosses, liverworts and hornworts
• they are regarded as the “amphibians” of the plant world since they need a lot of water even if they are terrestrial in habitat
LIVERWORTS
NONVASCULAR PLANTS1. LIVERWORTS
- liver because of its liver shape appearance and wort, which means plant or herb
-2 types of gametophyte1. Antheridium- male reproductive that produces the sperm cell2. Archaegonium- female reproductive that produces the egg cell
HORNWORTS
NONVASCULAR PLANTS
2. HORNWORTS-they seldom exceed 2 cm in
height
- usually found in moist soil and shaded areas or may be attached to trees
MOSSES
NONVASCULAR PLANTS
3. MOSSES- are of 2 types; the gametophyte
and the sporophyte
- they differ from any other plants because of the absence of mesophyll tissues, stomata and veins
WHISK FERN
VASCULAR PLANTS
1. WHISK FERNS
- small plants with fork like branches that look like a broom
- they are considered the simplest of all living
vascular plants
CLUB MOSSES
VASCULAR PLANTS
2. CLUB MOSSES- they just grow wildly and luxuriantly
along the roadside specially during rainy season
- the spores are found on their tips
HORSETAIL
VASCULAR PLANTS
3. HORSETAILS
- its stem are rough with silica crystals, Thus, it is ideal for scrubbing pots and dirty kettles
FERNS
VASCULAR PLANTS4. FERNS
- the largest group of seedless vascular plants
- they may reach 3 to 5 meters in height
- they have vascular tissues and strong roots
GYMNOSPERMS
• Came from the Greek word ‘gymnos’ meaning naked and ‘sperma’ seed or naked seeds
• They are cone bearing plants
• They grow very well intemperate region
GINKGO
GYMNOSPERMS
1. Ginkgos- Ginkgo biloba as its popular name
- Large tree with numerous spreading branches
- Leaves are fan shape that gives off a pungent
odor
GNETUMS
GYMNOSPERMS
2. GNETUMS
- believe to be the ancestor of the flowering plants
- have cones that resembles a flower
- smaller than ginkgo. Not
common in the Philippines
CYCADS
GYMNOSPERMS3. CYCADS
-second largest group of gymnosperms
-leaves are compound and composed of several leaf-like parts
-they grow well in tropical countries
CONIFERS
GYMNOSPERMS
4. CONIFERS- biggest group of gymnosperms found in
most part of the world
- large, tall trees with highly branched stems
- leaves are usually long, scaly, and needle-like
ANGIOSPERMS
• Vascular plants that bear flowers and produced fruits with seeds that are usually found inside the fruit
• There are two kinds of flowering plants based on the number of cotyledons.
A.Monocotyledon
B.Dicotyledon