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Kindergarten in Jordan: Data for Decision-Making CIES 2018 Mexico City Manar Shukri, Joe DeStefano, Katherine Merseth

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Page 1: Kindergarten in Jordan: Data for Decision-Making › public... · Kindergarten in Jordan: Data for Decision-Making CIES 2018 Mexico City Manar Shukri, Joe DeStefano, Katherine Merseth

KindergarteninJordan:DataforDecision-Making

CIES2018MexicoCityManarShukri,JoeDeStefano,KatherineMerseth

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Background• USAID/JordanReadingandMathProgram(RAMP)• Jordan’sNationalHumanResourceDevelopmentStrategy• EffortstoachieveuniversalKindergarten2(KG2)enrolment- from59%currently• MinisterofEducationrequest• RAMPpartneringwithMOEChildhoodDirectorateandUNICEF:

ToprovideinformationtotheMoE toconsiderviableoptionsforequitablyexpandingandimprovingKG2throughpublic-privatepartnerships.

Karak,Jordan

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ResearchQuestions1. Whatproportionof age-eligiblechildrenattendedKG2in2016-17?

2. WhattypeofKG2classroomsdidthosechildrenattend(public,private-licensed,other)?

3. Whatfactorsinfluencedfamilies’decisionsaboutkindergarten?

4. ForthosewhodidnotsendtheirchildrentoKG2in2016-17,whynot?

5. Whatexistingkindergartenservicesareregisteredwithotherministriesandwherearetheylocated?

6. WhatarethequalitycharacteristicsofthedifferenttypesofKG2 providers?

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FivePhasesofStudy1. CompileexistingdataonKGsorKG-likeserviceprovidersthatare

registeredwithanygovernmentministryandobtainGPScoordinates.

2. SurveyparentsofstudentsenrolledinGrade1thisyearto askabouttheirKG2experiencelastyear.

3. Develop qualitativeprofilesofcategoriesofserviceproviders.

4. Conductaqualitativestudyoffamilieswhosechildrendid notattendKG2lastyear.

5. Facilitateadialogueamongstakeholders.

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MethodologyforParentSurvey

• Assumption– StudentsenrolledinGrade1in2017-18weretherightageforKG2lastyear.

• ToapproximatethenumberofchildreninKG2lastyear,wesurveyedparentsofstudentsinGrade1thisyear.

• Asurveyinstrumentconsistingoftenquestionswasdeveloped,piloted,refinedandadministeredinGrade1classroomsnationallyinDecember2017.

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Astratifiedrandomsamplewasdesignedto:• RepresentstudentsinthewholeKingdom,andeachgovernorate

• Representstudentsinpublicschools,includingrefugeecamps,privateandotherschools

• Representurbanandruralareaswithineachgovernorate

• Inaddition,weselectedasampleofschoolstorepresentstudentsindistrictswiththehighestmultidimensionalchildvulnerabilityindex,asdesignatedbyUNICEF

• AndwedrewasampletorepresentstudentsattendingUNRWAschools

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UNICEFJordanMultidimensionalChildVulnerabilityIndex

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RepresentativeSampleSize

Target#ofSchools

Target#ofStudent/Sch.

Target#ofSchools

Target#ofStudents

Actual#ofStudents

Urbanarea 20 20 x12gov’tes 240 4,800 4,964

Ruralarea 20 20 x12gov’tes 240 4,800 4,847

Vulnerabledistricts 20 20 20 400 388

UNRWAschools 20 20 20 400 383

Total 520 10,400 10,582

Thissamplesizegivesusasuperbmarginoferrorof± 1.2whensummarizingresponsestoquestionsatthehighestconfidencelevel(99%).

Note:Forcomparison,thePISAandTIMSSinJordanin2015hadsamplesizesofaround7,500students

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PercentthatattendedKG2in2016-17

Overall84%

Girls 86% Urban 84%Boys 81% Rural 86%

ByNationalityJordanian 92%

Iraqi 68%Syrian 52%others 82%

MajorFindings

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Whatwasthenatureoftheservice?

ofwhich:

5days/week

3-4days/week

1-2days/week

Fullyear 94% 93% 7% 0%

Morethanhalfyear 2% 77% 19% 4%

Lessthanhalfyear 3% 75% 20% 6%

Onemonthorless 1% 76% 14% 10%

ThosewhowereinKG2in2016-17,wenttoschoolfor:

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KG2Enrollment byGovernorate,UrbanandRural

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Total Urban Rural

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WhattypeofKGprovider?TypeofKG Urban Rural Total

Government 24% 50% 37%Not-Government 76% 50% 63%

Whichincludes:Private 61% 38% 49%NGO 11% 9% 10%Culturalplacesandclubs 3% 1% 2%Homebased 0% 1% 1%UNRWA 1% 0% 0%

Note:Thisisparentreport

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FeesPaidbyFamilies

0%

25%

50%

Free 1-10JDs 11-20JDs 21-30JDs 31-40JDs 41-50JDs >50JDs

Rural

Urban

Percentages offamiliespayingdifferentamountspermonthforKG2,

Urban/Rural

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WhydidparentschoosetheKGthattheydid?

Figure11:PercentageofparentsreportingreasonsforchoosingaKG

Goodeducationquality 34%Closetohome 26%Neighbors,relatives,orfamilymembersrecommendedit 11%Free 9%Religiousvalues 9%Nootheravailablechoices 6%Inexpensive 5%SchoolinghoursattheKG 1%Providedservicesforchildrenwithdisabilities 0%

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WhoDidNotAttendKG?Why?OfthosewhodidnotattendKG2in2016-17:

55% Areinurban areas45% Areinrural areas

Overall Urban Rural

Ifitisfree 35% 41% 28%

Ifitisclosetohome 21% 15% 28%

Ifitisinexpensive 11% 13% 9%

Ifitprovidesbetterqualityservices 10% 10% 13%

*Numerousotherreasonsweregivenbylessthan5%ofrespondents.

“Whatwouldhaveencouragedyoutoenrollyourchild?”

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Implications• TheenrolmentrateinKG2ismuchhigherthanofficialstatisticssuggest,duetounrecognizedprivateandcivilsocietyprovision

• Unregulatedsupply(ofunknownquality)ismeetinghighdemandfromparents,especiallyinurbanareas

• Fortheremaining14%ofunenrolledchildren,costandproximityaretheprimarybarrierstoentry– especiallyforSyrians

NextSteps

• Qualitativeprofilesofthevarioustypesofproviders

• Deeperexaminationofbarriersforvulnerablefamilies

• Policydialogueonintersectionandpartnershipofpublicandprivate

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ThankYou!ManarShukri

[email protected]@rti.org

[email protected]

ThestudyismadepossiblethroughaclosecollaborationamongtheJordanMinistryofEducation,UNICEF,andtheUSAID/JordanReadingandMathProgram.WewishtoparticularlyacknowledgetheMinistryofEducation’sleadershipandongoingcontributionstothesuccessofthisstudy.