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Katakana カカカカ Guidelines on how to create katakana words accurately

Katakana カタカナ

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Katakana カタカナ. Guidelines on how to create katakana words accurately. When is Katakana used?. Katakana represents borrowed words from foreign languages (mostly English but also Dutch, French, German, Portuguese, and some Chinese) onomatopoeic words eg. meiow, twinkle, knock knock,. トントン. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Katakana カタカナ

Katakana  カタカナ

Guidelines on how to create katakana words accurately

Page 2: Katakana カタカナ

When is Katakana used?

Katakana represents Oborrowed words from foreign languages (mostly English but also Dutch, French, German, Portuguese, and some Chinese)Oonomatopoeic words eg. meiow, twinkle, knock knock,

トントン

Page 3: Katakana カタカナ

Why is ‘Japanese English’ so different?

Japanese has a much simpler sound system than English.  Borrowed words need to be adjusted to suit the Japanese sound system. The result is ‘Japanese English’.  Many words sound completely different to the original borrowed English word.

Example:

table = テーブル ( teeburu )

Page 4: Katakana カタカナ

ConsonantsIn English words can have up to 3 consonants in a row.   ie. stream.  But, in Japanese all consonants are followed by a vowel (except for ‘n’). Change English words into Katakana by adding a vowel after consonants:

OConsonants ‘t’ or ‘d’ add ‘o’ = to, doOConsonant ‘k’ add ‘u’ or ‘i’ = ki, kuOAll other single consonants add ‘u’.= ru, su, bu,mu etc.

Example:

class = クラス  (kurasu)

Page 5: Katakana カタカナ

Practice - Consonants

How would you read these words?

ジム ガスCan you write this word in katakana?

cake (keeki)

Page 6: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ジム ガスjimu (gym)    gasu (gas)Can you write this word in katakana?

ケーキcake (keeki)

Page 7: Katakana カタカナ

Long vowel soundsSome English vowels sound longer. ie. live vs leaveLong vowel sounds are changed into Katakana by adding the symbol “ ー” .

Example:

cheese = チーズ  (chiizu)

Page 8: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Long vowel sounds

How would you read these words?

ゲーム  アイスクリームCan you write this word in katakana?

coffee (koohii)

Page 9: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ゲーム アイスクリームgeemu (game)    aisukuriimu 

(icecream)

Can you write this word in katakana?

コーヒーcoffee (koohii)

Page 10: Katakana カタカナ

Vowel + RA vowel followed by ‘r’ (ie. er, ir, or) is written as a long vowel sound in Katakana. The vowel before the ‘r’ is lengthened by adding the symbol “ ー” .

Example:

girlfriend = ガールフレンド (gaarufurendo)

 

Page 11: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Vowel + R

How would you read these words?

アパート サーカスCan you write this word in katakana?

course (koosu)

Page 12: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

アパート  サーカスapaato (apartment)    saakasu 

(circus)

Can you write this word in katakana?

コースcourse (koosu)

Page 13: Katakana カタカナ

Hard consonant sounds

When an English syllable ends with a hard sounding consonant (p, b, t, d, k, g, s, sh) these are changed into Katakana by adding a small ‘ ッ (tsu) before the hard consonant.

Example:

truck = トラック (torakku)

(Remember the small tsu creates a 

pause before the next sound.)

Page 14: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Hard consonant sounds

How would you read these words?

エッグ  ベッドCan you write this word in katakana?

bag (baggu)

Page 15: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

エッグ  ベッドeggu (egg)     beddo (bed)

Can you write this word in katakana?

バッグbag (baggu)

Page 16: Katakana カタカナ

J in KatakanaThe ‘j’ sound, when it doesn’t have a vowel sound after it, changes to ‘ シ ji’.

Example:

orange =  オレンジ (orenji)

Page 17: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – J in Katakana

How would you read these words?

チャレンジ   ジョージCan you write this word in katakana?

orangejuice (orenjijuusu)

Page 18: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

チャレンジ   ジョージcharenji (challenge)     jooji 

(George)

Can you write this word in katakana?

オレンジジュースorangejuice

Page 19: Katakana カタカナ

F in KatakanaF by itself or followed by a ‘u’ sound is represented by ‘フ fu’.  F followed by other vowels are written with ‘ フ  fu’ and small  ァ a  ィ i  ェ e  ォ o 

ie. fa ファ  fi  フィ  fe フェ  fo フォ

Example:

family = ファミリー (famirii)

Page 20: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – F in Katakana

How would you read these words?

フィルム   フェリーCan you write this word in katakana?

France (furansu)

Page 21: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

フィルム   フェリーfirumu  (film)     ferii (ferry)

Can you write this word in katakana?

フランスFrance (furansu)

Page 22: Katakana カタカナ

W in KatakanaThe ‘w’ sound in Japanese can occur with ‘a’ and written in katakana as ‘ワ  wa’. For all other vowels after the ‘w’ sound changes the ‘w’ to ‘ ウ u’ followed by and small  ィ i  ェ e  ォ o 

ie. wi  ウィ  we ウェ  wo ウォ

Example:

water  =  ウォーター (uootaa)

Page 23: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – W in Katakana

How would you read these words?

ウエーター   ウィークCan you write this word in katakana?

whiskey (uisukii)

Page 24: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ウエーター   ウィークueetaa  (waiter)     uiiku (week)

Can you write this word in katakana?

ウィスキーwhiskey (uisukii)

Page 25: Katakana カタカナ

L and R in KatakanaL and R are written as ‘r’ in Katakana.

Example:

milk =  ミルク  (miruku)

Page 26: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – L and R in Katakana

How would you read these words?

ベルト   コーラCan you write this word in katakana?

rule (ruuru)

Page 27: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ベルト   コーラberuto    koora

Can you write this word in katakana?

ルールrule (ruuru)

Page 28: Katakana カタカナ

Ti, Di, Tu in KatakanaThe ‘ti’ sound changes to ‘ ティ’ (typed texi)

(or traditionally ‘チ chi’) The ‘di’ sound changes to ‘ ディ’ (typed dexi)

(or traditionally ‘ジ ji’)The ‘tu’ sound changes to ‘ ツ tsu’ or ‘ チュ chu’

Example:

party =  パーティー (paatii)radio =  ラジオ  (rajio)

Page 29: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Ti, Di and Tu

How would you read these words?

ティシュ   ティーCan you write this word in katakana?

candy (kyandii)

Page 30: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ティシュ   ティーtishu (tissue)   tii (tea)

Can you write this word in katakana?

キャンディーcandy (kyandii)

Page 31: Katakana カタカナ

Th in Katakana

The ‘th’ sound usually changes to ‘s’ (soft ‘th’) or ‘z’ (hard ‘th’) sound (sometimes it changes to just a ‘t’ sound) 

Example:

leather  レザー  (rezaa)

Page 32: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Th in Katakana

How would you read this word?

マザー シアター 

Can you write this word in katakana?

The beatles (za biitoruzu)

Page 33: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

マザー   シアターmazaa (mother)   shiataa 

(theatre)   Can you write this word in katakana?

ザ・ビートルズThe beatles (za biitoruzu)

Page 34: Katakana カタカナ

V in KatakanaThe ‘v’ sound usually changes to ‘b’. (recently katakana ‘u’ with a tenten ‘ ヴ vu’ is used)

Example:

valentine’s day  =  バレンタインデー(barentaindee)

Page 35: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – V in Katakana

How would you read this word?

ビデオゲーム Can you write this word in katakana?

Page 36: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERSHow would you read these words?

ビデオゲームbideogeemu (video game) 

  Can you write this word in katakana?

ベジャテリアンvegetarian (bejaterian)

Page 37: Katakana カタカナ

Ye in Katakana

The ‘y’ sound in Japanese only occurs with ‘a, u, o’.  There is no ‘ye’ sound so this is changed into katakana by writing it as ‘ イエ ie’.

Example:

yellow = イェロー (ieroo)

Page 38: Katakana カタカナ

Practice – Ye in Katakana

How would you read this word?

イヤー  Can you write this word in katakana?

Yale (ieru)

Page 39: Katakana カタカナ

ANSWERS

How would you read this word?

イヤーiyaa (year)  

Can you write this word in katakana?

イエルYale (ieru)