Kao Europa

w w w . k a o c h e m i c a l s - e u . c o m

Kao Chemicals GmbH

Kupferstrasse, 1

D-46446 Emmerich Germany

Tel: +49(0)2822 711-0

Fax: +49(0)2822 711-201

e-mail: [email protected]

Kao Corporation (France) SARL

2 rue Eugène et Armand Peugeot

F-92500 Rueil - Malmaison France

Tel: +33 1 47 16 21 40

Fax: +33 1 47 49 40 67

Kao Corporation, S.A.

Puig dels Tudons, 10

E-08210 Barberà del Vallès

(Barcelona) Spain

Tel: +34 93 7399-300

Fax: +34 93 7399-377

e-mail: [email protected]

LaundryandCleaning

K a o C h e m i c a l s E u r o p e

BRINGING NEW VALUETO CHEMICALS

I n t r o d u c t i o n 2

A n i o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s :

E M A L ® ( S u l f a t e d d e r i v a t i v e s ) 3A L F A N O X ® ( S u l f o n a t e d d e r i v a t i v e s ) 3S U L F O N A X ® ( S u l f o n a t e d d e r i v a t i v e s ) 3A K Y P O ® ( E t h e r C a r b o x y l i c d e r i v a t i v e s ) 5

N o n - I o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s :

L E V E N O L ® ( G l y c e r i n e E s t e r d e r i v a t i v e s ) 8A M I D E T ® ( A m i d e d e r i v a t i v e s ) 1 1F I N D E T ® ( E t h o x y l a t e d d e r i v a t i v e s ) 1 3A M I E T ® ( E t h o x y l a t e d A m i n e s ) 1 4O X I D E T ® ( A m i n e O x i d e s ) 1 5

C a t i o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s :

TE T R A N Y L ® ( T E A E s t e r q u a t s ) 1 7Q U A R T A M I N ® ( A m m o n i u m C h l o r i d e Q u a t s ) 2 3

A m p h o t e r i c S u r f a c t a n t s :

B E T A D E T ® ( B e t a i n e s ) 1 9

B l e n d s :

D A N O X ® 2 1A K Y P O ® G E N E 2 2

O t h e r S p e c i a l i t i e s :

C E L L E S H ® ( P o l y m e r s ) 2 4

H a n d W a s h i n g - u p L i q u i d s 2 5

A l l P u r p o s e / F l o o r C l e a n e r s 2 6

D e g r e a s e r s 2 7

A l k a l i n e C l e a n e r s 2 9

A c i d C l e a n e r s 3 0

S o d i u m H y p o c h l o r i t e B l e a c h e s 3 1

H y d r o g e n P e r o x i d e B l e a c h e s 3 2

D i s i n f e c t i n g C l e a n e r s 3 3

H e a v y D u t y L i q u i d D e t e r g e n t s 3 4

L i g h t D u t y L i q u i d D e t e r g e n t s 3 6

C a r p e t C l e a n e r s 3 7

F a b r i c S o f t e n e r s 3 8

T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s

T R A D E M A R K

A P P L I C A T I O N

The mission of Kao Chemicals Europe, in l ine with the mission

o f Ka o J a p a n , co n s i s t s o f f u l f i l l i n g m a rke t r e q u i r e m e n t s a n d

c u s t o m e r e x p e c t a t i o n s b y m e a n s o f t h e d e v e l o p m e n t ,

p r o d u c t i o n a n d m a r k e t i n g o f p r o d u c t s , a c h i e v i n g a

r e a s o n a b l e l e v e l o f p r o f i t a n d c o n s t a n t l y i m p r o v i n g i t s o w n

c o m p e t i t i v e p o s i t i o n a n d c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h e d e v e l o p m e n t

o f t h e p e o p l e w h o m a ke u p t h e co m p a ny , w i t h i n a f r a m e w o rk

o f f u l l r e s p e c t f o r t h e s o c i a l a n d n a t u r a l e n v i r o n m e n t .

K a o ' s G e n e r a l M i s s i o n S t a t e m e n t

The Kao way

M i s s i o n

V i s i o n

V a l u e s

P r i n c i p l e s

Kao Corporation SA is a Japanese company with more than a century ofexperience in the cosmetics and detergents market, having nowadays morethan 30 affiliates worldwide.

Kao has been present in the surfactants market in Europe for more than 35years now. In the year 2000, at the gateway of the new millennium, Kao’sChemical Division united their European production centres in a new headoffice, Kao Chemicals Europe, in Barcelona, Spain.

Kao Chemicals Europe has been created to unite the efforts of the differentcentres, in order to gain efficiency and strength in a market that is becomingmore and more demanding and competitive.

With years of experience and the most advanced technology, Kao producesand commercialises in Europe more than 400 different surfactants, which canbe applied in many different fields.

In the development and design stage, as well as in the manufacturing process ofthese surfactants, Kao is committed to health, safety and the environment. In itscorporate activities Kao continuously improves and implements measures thatminimise the impact on the environment and ensure the safety and the health ofits employees and the community. Kao is committed to “Responsible Care”.

The aim of this review is to describe the most relevant families of surfactantscommercialised by Kao Chemicals Europe, and to point out the benefits andadvantages of each one considering their properties and final applications.

See below an overview of the interconnecting process steps that Kao uses toproduce these surfactants.

I n t r o d u c t i o n

Anionic surfactants can be considered as the most used surfactantsin the detergents market world-wide, together with non-ionicsurfactants, due to their relatively high effectiveness-cost ratio.

This type of surfactants are commonly used as the main componentin a detergent formula, due to their unbeatable properties asfoaming and emulsifying agents.

In Germany and in Spain, Kao produces different types of sulfatedand sulfonated derivatives.

Among the range of sulfated products, the most relevant isEMAL® 270D, which achieves the highest standards of quality,due to the combination of natural raw materials, technology andthe experience conferred by more than 30 years constantimprovement in production of thousands of tons.

The application properties of anionic surfactants are well known,as well as their role in the detergents were they are used.

A n i o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s

E M A L ® S u l f a t e d d e r i v a t i v e s

Propox ylation

Ethox ylation

Esterification

Amidation

Glycerides

Fatty Acids

Fatty Alcohols

Fatty Amines

ANIONIC

NON-IONIC

CATIONIC

AMPHOTERIC

BLENDS

Oxidation

Sulfatation

Carbox ylation

Quaternisation

Sulfonation

Blending

A L F A N O X ® 4 6 / S U L F O N A X ® Sulfonated derivatives

One of the disadvantages of anionic surfactants in detergents is their skin irritation potential. In the graph,(next page) skin irritation differences between them are shown, using an “in vitro” test, the Zein Test.

When comparing sulfated derivatives, EMAL® 270D, ethoxylated with 2 moles EO, is less irritant than its non-ethoxylated homologous, EMAL ® 30E.

ALFANOX® 46 (AOS) is a milder alternative to linear alkyl benzensulfonic acid (SULFONAX® ), having theadvantages of being a liquid surfactant, already neutralised. This facilitates the formulating process of thefinal detergent.

P R O P E R T I E S

Foaming Power

Emulsifying Effect

Cleaning Effect


Main Surfactantin all kind of

foaming detergents

3

A different type of anionic surfactants are the ethercarboxylic derivatives. AKYPO® is the trademarkused to denominate the alkyl ether carboxylic acidsand their salts.

The products included in the range differ from eachother in the degree of ethoxylation and in the alkylchain length. The application properties of eachdepend on these two parameters.

AKYPO® LF types are products with a short alkylchain that can be used, singly or in combination, aslow-foaming surfactants.

AKYPO® LF PROPERTIESLow Foaming Effect

Electrolytes Stability

Chlorine and Peroxides Stability

Alkaline Stability (Up to 25% KOH)

Acid Stability (70% H3PO4)

Temperature Stability

Hard Water Stability

Hydrotropic Behaviour

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE R-O(CH2-CH2O)n-CH2-COO- X X=H+ or Na

S T A B I L I T Y A F T E R 3 M O N T H S ( 5 % s u r f a c t a n t ) - A p p e a r a n c e

Alkaline Conditions at 40ºC Acidic Conditions at 20ºC

NaOH concentration KOH concentration H3PO4 H2SO4 HCl CH3COOH

23% 20% 15% 25% 20% 15% 70% 20% 30% 80%

AKYPO® LF 1 X X O X X O O O O O

AKYPO® LF 2 X X O X O O O O O O

AKYPO® LF 4 X X O X X O O O O O

AKYPO® LF 6 O O O O O O O O O O

E M A L ® / A L F A N O X ® 4 6 / S U L F O N A X ® A K Y P O ® E t h e r C a r b o x y l i c d e r i v a t i v e s

600

400

200

0

S K I N I R R I T A T I O N P O T E N T I A L : “ Z e i n T e s t ”

Irritant II

500 < ZV < 600

Irritant I400 < ZV < 500

Moderately Irritant200 < ZV < 400

Non Irritant< 200

Zein Value (mg N /100mL)

A N I O N I C S U R F A C T A N T S R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Active at 20ºC Matter

EMAL® 10N 73296-89-6 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Needles 95 min.

EMAL® 10P-HD 73296-89-6 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Powder 95 min.

EMAL® 10G 73296-89-6 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Granules 95 min.

EMAL® 30E 73296-89-6 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Liquid ≈ 30

EMAL® 270E orEMAL® 270D 68585-34-2 Sodium Laureth Sulfate Paste ≈ 70

EMAL® 227E orEMAL® 228D 68585-34-2 Sodium Laureth Sulfate Liquid ≈ 27

ALFANOX® 46 68439-57-6 Sodium α -Olefin Sulfonate Liquid ≈ 37

SULFONAX® 85536-14-7 Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid Liquid 95 min.

MELIOSOL® CU-40 28348-53-0 Sodium Cumenesulfonate Liquid ≈ 40

ICTEOL® K-50 68424-23-7 Potassium Oleate Liquid/Paste ≈ 48

4 5

300

200

100

0

F o a m Vo l u m e ( m m )

(1g/L - 1 min. - 10.000 rpm, 20ºC)

400

0 1 2 3 T i m e ( m i n u t e s )

AKYPO® LF 6 AKYPO® LF 4 AKYPO® LF 2 NP-9EO Alcohol-iso C13-9EO

FOAMING ABILITY : “Homomixer ” test

SULFONAX® ALFANOX® 46 EMAL® 270DSAS AKYPO® SOFT70 BVC

EMAL® 30E AKYPO® SOFT100 BVC

A K Y P O ® E t h e r C a r b o x y l i c d e r i v a t i v e s

Besides the AKYPO® LF types, there are in our range other ether carboxylic derivatives withlonger alkyl chain, from natural sources, which are characterised by their mildness, and theirfoaming and solubilizing benefits. These are the AKYPO® RLM types which are commercialisedin concentrated acid form.

AKYPO® SOFT is the trademark used for the neutralised form of these surfactants. Theabbreviation “NV” at the end indicates a sodium salt, while the abbreviation “BVC” indicatesa high concentrated product. The AKYPO® SOFT types improve the foam quality of thedetergent reducing the irritation level of the formula, therefore they are used as co-surfactantsin detergents which have to be in contact with the skin.

A K Y P O ® L F R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description R n Appearance % Active at 20ºC Matter

AKYPO® LF 1 53563-70-5 Capryleth-6 Carboxylic Acid C8 5 Liquid ≈90

AKYPO® LF 2 53563-70-5 Capryleth-9 Carboxylic Acid C8 8 Liquid ≈89

AKYPO® LF 4 53563-70-5 Capryleth-9 Carboxylic Acid +105391-15-9 Hexeth-4 Carboxylic Acid C6-C8 8/3 Liquid ≈89

AKYPO® LF 6 53563-70-5 Capryleth-9 Carboxylic Acid +107600-34-0 Buteth-2 Carboxylic Acid C4-C8 8/1 Liquid ≈87

A K Y P O ® R L M R A N G E


AKYPO® RLM 25 27306-90-7 Laureth-4 Carboxylic Acid C1214 ≈3 Liquid ≈94

AKYPO® RLM 45 CA 27306-90-7 Laureth-6 Carboxylic Acid C1214 ≈4.5 Liquid ≈92

AKYPO® RLM 100 27306-90-7 Laureth-11 Carboxylic Acid C1214 10 Liquid ≈90

A K Y P O ® S O F T R A N G E


AKYPO® SOFT 45 NV 33939-64-9 Sodium Laureth-6 Carboxylate C1214 ≈5 Liquid ≈22

AKYPO® SOFT 100 NV 33939-64-9 Sodium Laureth-11 Carboxylate C1214 10 Liquid ≈22

AKYPO® SOFT 70 BVC 33939-64-9 Sodium Laureth-8 Carboxylate9002-92-0 + Laureth-7 C1214 7/7 Paste ≈70

AKYPO® SOFT 100 BVC 33939-64-9 Sodium Laureth-11 Carboxylate9002-92-0 + Laureth-10 C1214 10/10 Liquid ≈70

A K Y P O ® E t h e r C a r b o x y l i c d e r i v a t i v e s

75

60

30

0

Soap SLES AKYPO® RLMSLS AKYPO® LF

max. score = 75 (hard water insensitive)

15

45

s co re

H A R D W A T E R S T A B I L I T Y D I N 5 3 9 0 5

AKYPO® RLM & AKYPO® SOFTPROPERTIES

Mildness

Solubilizing Effect

Foam Stabilizing Effect

Environmentally Friendly

76

Non-ionic surfactants have been used by the detergent industryfor many years and for many different applications. Among thedifferent type of non-ionic surfactants, Kao Chemicals Europeproduces a very special group named LEVENOL®. Chemically,LEVENOL® is a Glycerine Polyoxyethylene Ester. The differentdegrees of ethoxylation and esterification provide a wide rangeof products with many different application propertiesregarding appearance, foaming ability, thickening ability,solubilization and emulsifying capability and conditioning ormoisturising effect.

The LEVENOL® range is characterised by its ecological andtoxicological advantages when compared with other non-ionicsurfactants. The surfactants included in the LEVENOL® rangedon’t need any sentence of risk and safety, and any warningson its label, even at 100% concentration. This fact makes themvery suitable for environmentally friendly detergents, whichtherefore can achieve better classification according to theEuropean Directive of Preparations (1999/45/EC).

LEVENOL® products are also included in the positive list of BraMiljöval (good environmental choice) in the Nordic countries.

Among all the surfactants included in the LEVENOL® range,LEVENOL® C-421 is the best foam stabilizer and viscosityenhancing, while LEVENOL® C-201 can be considered as amedium to low foaming surfactant with even negative influenceon the viscosity in the presence of SLES. However, LEVENOL®C-201presents very good oil solubilizing properties, which makes itsuitable and very effective in liquid or powder detergents forfabric wash in automatic machines.

N o n - I o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s

L E V E N O L ® Glycerine Ester derivatives

KEY PROPERTIES

Environmentally Friendly

No Labelling Needed

Non-irritant for the Skin

Vegetable Origin

Detergent & Emulsifier

Variable Thickening Effect

Variable Foaming Effect

Skin Emollient Effect

APPLICATION

Hand Washing-up Liquids

Light Duty Liquid Detergents

Heavy Duty Liquid Detergents

Powder Detergents

Floor Cleaners

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

CH2O(CH2CH2O)x RICHO(CH2CH2O)y RlCH2O(CH2CH2O)z R

R = H o R’-CO- (Coconut chain)

L E V E N O L ® Glycerine Ester derivatives

L E V E N O L ® R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Active Properties & Applicationat 20ºC Matter

LEVENOL® C-421 68201-46-7 Glycereth-2 Cocoate Liquid ≈100 Good Foaming & Thickening

Skin Emollient

LEVENOL® F-200 68201-46-7 Glycereth-6 Cocoate Liquid ≈100 Medium Foaming & Thickening

LEVENOL® C-301 68201-46-7 Glycereth-7 Cocoate Liquid ≈100 Medium Foaming & Thickening

LEVENOL® C-201 68201-46-7 Glycereth-17 Cocoate Liquid ≈100 Low Foaming & Thickening

Solubilizing Effect

F o a m Vo l u m e( m L )

M i x t u r e s S L E S / C o - s u r f a c t a n t ( 1 0 / 2 , t o t a l a . m : 1 2 % )2 0 º H F , 4 0 º C , 1 % S o i l , t e s t a t 0 . 8 % a . m

100

80

60

40

20

00.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 T i m e ( m i n u t e s )

SLES 10% AS + 2% LEVENOL® C-421 +2% Cocamide DEA

FOAMING ABILITY :Foam ing Reverse St i r r i ng Method

98

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0E-104

PERFORMANCE: % Detergency

4 0 º C , W a s h i n g M a c h i n e , 8 0 g , 4 0 º H F

LEVENOL® C-201 Fatty Alcohol (C1315-7EO)

%D e t e r g e n c y

E-106 E-112 E-114 E-116E M P A

( F a b r i c Ty p e )

9 % n o n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t

Heavy Duty Liquid (HDL)

L E V E N O L ® Glycerine Ester derivatives A M I D E T ®

B r o o k f i e l d V i s c o s i t y( LV T , 2 0 º C , c P s )

100000

10000

1000

100

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 % N a C l

T H I C K E N I N G E F F E C T1 0 % a . m . S L E S / 2 % C o - s u r f a c t a n t

Cocamide DEA LEVENOL® C-421 LEVENOL® C-301 LEVENOL® C-201

Addition o f c o - s u r f a c t a n t t o 1 % a n i o n i c a . m . s o l u t i o n

600

500

400

300

200

100

0100 80 60 0

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate / LEVENOL®

Sodium Laureth Sulfate / LEVENOL®

Sodium Laureth Sulfate / Sodium Cocoamphoacetate

MILDNESS: Sk in Irr i tat i on Potent i a l “ZEIN TEST”Zein Value

(mg N/100mL)

40 20

Irritant II

Irritant I

ModeratelyIrritant

Non Irritant

1 0 0 % A n i o n i c 1 0 0 % C o - s u r f a c t a n t

The Kao’s trademark for alkanolamides and theirderivatives is AMIDET®.

In the detergents market, alkanolamides are wellknown for their ability to greatly enhance theviscosity of aqueous sodium alkyl sulfate and alkylether sulfate solutions.

Alkanolamides are also characterized by theirexcellent foam stabilizing properties. The foam-ability of alkyl ether sulfates in the presence of soil,is substantially improved after addition of lowamounts of fatty acid alkanolamides.

Cocamide DEA (AMIDET® B-112/ AMIDET® KDE ) hasbeen the most used alkanolamide for years, as viscosityenhancing agent and foam stabilizer, due to its liquidappearance and its effectiveness. But the use ofCocamide DEA has decreased since the moment whenthe potential risk of carcinogenic nitrosaminesformation in diethanolamine derivatives appeared onthe market.

Monoethanolamides don’t have this nitrosaminesformation risk. In the Kao’s surfactants range, there aredifferent types of ethoxylated monoethanolamides,based on different alkyl chain and ethoxylation degree.

AMIDET® A/18 and AMIDET® A/26, coconutethoxylated monoethanolamides,due to their low

250

200

150

100

50

0

0

F o a m( m L )

5 10 15

AMIDET¤ N vs Cocamide DEA

0 . 1 % a . m . ; 3 7 ° C ; 1 5 ° G H ; r a t i o S L E S / N o n - I o n i c , 3 / 1

FOAM VOLUME: “Ross M i l es Test ”

Amide derivatives

interfacial tension, are very effective as soilsolubilizers. They are recommended for strongdegreasing cleaners, in combination with fattyalcohol ethoxylated surfactants or alone.

Besides AMIDET® A/18 and AMIDET® A/26 mainlyused in hard surface cleaners, Kao is proud to producea very “unique” surfactant, AMIDET® N.

AMIDET® N is based on rapeseed oil, a vegetable oilwith high content of C18 unsaturated fatty acid.

AMIDET® N is a high concentrated liquid product,which has very good solubilizing and emulsifyingproperties. Compared to Cocamide DEA it is a betterthickener. Its stronger surfactant character, due toethoxylation, makes it a better foaming agent thanCocamide DEA.

Ratio Anionic / Co-surfactant

AMIDET® N PROPERTIES

Thickening Effect

Foam Boosting

Solubilizing

Emulsifying

No Nitrosamines Risk

AMIDET® N Cocamide DEA

T i m e ( m i n u t e s )

1110

F I N D E T ® Ethoxylated derivatives

Under the trademark of FINDET®, Kao Chemicals Europeproduces a wide range of non-ionic surfactants, all of themobtained by ethoxylation and/or propoxylation of differentfatty alcohols and fatty acids.

Ethoxylated derivatives are widely used in the detergents fieldfor many different applications. Their properties differ inaccordance to the alkyl chain length, the unsaturated degree,the percentage of lineal or branched chain, and also theethoxylation degree.

FINDET® LR4/2585, due to its solubility, cloud point ( 65ºC at1% in water) and wetting properties, is one of the bestcandidates to replace nonoxynol-9 (nonylphenol-9EO) in hardsurface cleaners, like floor cleaners.

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

NP-9EO

I n t e r f a c i a l Te n s i o n ( m N / m )

AMIDET® A/26

1 g a . m . / L

AMIDET® A/18

INTERFACIAL TENSION o l i ve o i l /water

B r o o k f i e l d V i s c o s i t y ( LT V , 2 0 º C , c P s )

100000

10000

1000

1001.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 % N a C l

T H I C K E N I N G E F F E C T

8 . 5 % a . m . S L E S / 1 . 5 % N o n - I o n i c

AMIDET® N AMIDET® B-112 0% thickener

A M I D E T ®

PROPERTIES

Emulsifier

Detergent

Solubilizer

Wetting Ability

APPLICATION

Floor Cleaners

Hard Surface Cleaners

Kitchen Degreasers

Heavy Duty Liquid Detergents

Heavy Duty Powder Detergents

NOMENCLATUREFINDET ® 10/X

X is usually obtained adding 12 to the number of EO

X = 12 + n

Ex. : FINDET ® 10/18 (n = 6 EO)

Amide derivatives

AMIDET® N APPLICATION



AMIDET® A/18 & AMIDET® A/26

APPLICATION

Hard Surface Cleaners

Kitchen Degreasers

A M I D E T ® R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Dry Chemical Structureat 20ºC Matter

AMIDET® A-111 68140-00-1 Cocamide MEA Pellets ≈100 R-CO-NH(CH2-CH2-OH)

AMIDET® B-112AMIDET® KDE 68603-42-9 Cocamide DEA Liquid ≈100 R-CO-N(CH2-CH2-OH)2

AMIDET® N 85536-23-8 PEG-4 Rapeseedamide Liquid ≈95

AMIDET® A/18 61791-08-0 PEG-6 Cocamide Liquid ≈100 R-CO-NH-(CH2CH2O-)nH

AMIDET® A/26 61791-08-0 PEG-14 Cocamide Liquid ≈100

F I N D E T ® R A N G E ( E t h o x y l a t e d F a t t y A l c o h o l s )

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Alkyl Chain n EO % Active HLB(R) Matter

FINDET® 10 range 308061-30-5 Deceth-n C10 5 and 6 ≈100 11.6 / 12.6

FINDET® 1214N range 68439-50-9 Laureth-n/Myreth-n C12143,7,9

≈100from 8.1

and 11 to 14.3

FINDET® 13 range 24938-91-8 Isotrideceth-n Iso-C13 6.5 and 9 ≈100 11.9 / 13.4

FINDET® LI/1990 120944-68-5Polyoxyethylene C1315

7 90 12.3(7EO) C1315 Alcohol Branched

FINDET® LR4/2585 106232-83-1Polyoxyethylene C1415

13 85 14.4(13EO) C1415 Alcohol Branched

FINDET® 1618A range 68439-49-6 Ceteareth-n C16186,11,23

≈100from 10.2

and 40 to 17.5

FINDET® 1816 range 68920-66-1 Oleth-n/Ceteth-n C1618’ 20≈100

15.4 (and ≈20)

1312

O X I D E T ® Amine Oxides

The Kao’s trademark for Amine Oxides is OXIDET® . Amineoxides have been well-known to surfactant chemists for decades.These surfactants are characterised by their versatility.

Amine oxides are obtained by a reaction of a tertiary amine withhydrogen peroxide. The semi-polar bond between the nitrogenand the oxygen is responsible for much of the uniqueness andfunctionality of amine oxides.

Amine oxides are non-ionic, but when the pH is lowered, thesemi-polar linkage becomes stronger and the molecule assumesa weak positive charge, becoming a cationic surfactant withconditioning properties. As the alkyl chain length is increased,these surfactants act more like oil-in-water emulsifiers. This isanother characteristic property of amine oxides.

0XIDET® DM TYPEPROPERTIES

Solubilizer

Thickener

APPLICATION

Fragrances Solubilizer &Thickener in Sodium

Hypochlorite Solutions

F I N D E T ® Ethoxylated derivatives

0XIDET® L-75PROPERTIES

Foam Booster & Thickener

Mild Surfactant

Low Interfacial Tension

APPLICATION


Hand Washing-up LiquidsAlkyl Amine Oxides, OXIDET® DM type, are mainly applied inhypochlorite bleaches as fragrance solubilizers and viscosityenhancing agents. Alkyl chain length influences the final viscosityof the bleach, OXIDET® DM-4 (C14) being a better thickener thanthe coconut type. The choice about the most suitable one dependson the sodium hypochlorite concentration in the final bleach.

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

OXIDET® DM OXIDET® L-75

C H 3

N

C H 3

RCONH(CH2)3 O

C H 3

N

C H 3

R O

O X I D E T ® R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Active Rat 20ºC Matter

OXIDET® DM-20 1643-20-5 Lauramine Oxide Liquid ≈30 C12

OXIDET® DMCLD 61788-90-7 Cocamine Oxide Liquid ≈30 Coconut

OXIDET® DM-246 70592-80-2 Cocamine Oxide Liquid ≈30 C12,C14,C16

OXIDET® DM-4 3332-27-2 Myristamine Oxide Liquid ≈30 C14

OXIDET® L-75 68155-09-9 Cocamidopropylamine Oxide Liquid ≈30 R’CONH(CH2)3R’-CO: Coconut

Among the range of polyethoxylated surfactants, FINDET® 10/18 is one ofthe most humectant agents, with very similar results to nonoxynol-9 accordingto the Draves test.

FINDET® ARH/52 is recommended for solubilizing hydrophobic additives likefragrances or special extracts.

Propoxylated derivatives are commonly recommended for low foamingproducts. This is the case of DANOX® LF-102, which is used for rinse aids indishwashing machines.

A M I E T ® R A N G E ( E t h o x y l a t e d A m i n e s )

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Alkyl Chain n EO % Active (R) Matter

AMIET® OD range 26635-93-8 PEG-n Oleamine Oleic 2, 12 and 20 ≈100

AMIET® CD range 61791-14-8 PEG-n Cocamine Coconut 12 ≈100

AMIET® TD range 61791-26-2 PEG-n Tallow Amine Tallow 11 and 15 ≈100

F I N D E T ® R A N G E ( E t h o x y l a t e d a n d P r o p o x y l a t e d D e r i v a t i v e s )

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Alkyl Chain n EO % Active (R) Matter

FINDET® SE / 2411 68154-97-2 Polyoxyethoxylene and Decyl Alcohol 5.3 EO/4.6 PO ≈100 Polyoxypropylene Decyl Alcohol

DANOX® LF-102 9082-00-2 Polyoxyethoxylene and Glycerine 8.5 EO/31 PO ≈100 Polyoxypropylene Glycerine

F I N D E T ® R A N G E ( E t h o x y l a t e d F a t t y A c i d s )

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Alkyl Chain n EO % Active HLB(R) Matter

FINDET® AR range 61791-12-6 Polyoxyethoxylene Castor oil 18 and 40 ≈ 100 from 10

Castor Oil till 13.9

FINDET® ARH/52 61788-85-0 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Hydrogenated 40 ≈ 100 13.9

Castor Oil Castor Oil

Polyoxyethoxylene from 8.8FINDET® ORD range 9004-96-0 Oleic Acid Oleyl 4,10,13,20 ≈

100 till 15.3

1514

O X I D E T ® Amine Oxides

250

200

150

100

50

0CAPB

Foam Volume

(mL)

OXIDET® L-75

M i x t u r e s S L E S / C o - s u r f a c t a n t ( 8 . 5 / 1 . 5 , t o t a l a . m . : 1 0 % )

5 sec 5 min 5 sec 5 min

ROSS MILES FOAMING TEST

25

20

15

10

5

0

AOS/SLES (2/1) Anionic mixture + Anionic mixture+ Anionic mixture + OXIDET® L-75 CAPB Cocamide DEA

W a s h e d D i s h e s

N u m b e r o f P l a t e s0 . 0 4 % a . m . s o l u t i o n

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

( m N / m )

I n t e r f a c i a l Te n s i o n0 . 1 % a . m . s o l u t i o n

O X I D E T ® L - 7 5 E F F E C T I V E N E S S

Cocamidopropyl Amine Oxide, OXIDET® L-75, cannot be used for this application due to the badstability of hypochlorite in the presence of the amidegroup. The main application of OXIDET® L-75 is asco-surfactant in foaming detergents, like washing-upliquids. Compared to typical surfactants used indetergents like CAPB or Cocamide DEA, OXIDET® L-75provides higher foam and lower interfacial tension,both factors improving the final efficacy of thedetergent.

Kao Chemicals Europe is one of the biggest producers ofcationic surfactants world-wide.

TETRANYL® is the registered trademark for a group of thesecationic surfactants, characterised by their unique ecologicalprofile. These surfactants and commonly known in the marketas TEA-Esterquats and are mainly used in the production ofdomestic softeners.

Kao Chemicals Europe has two different production plants forthese products in Spain, both located near Barcelona and fromthere exports to more than 30 countries.

The fats and oils used to produce these products can be both,animal or vegetable origin. The length of the alkyl chainscomposing the original fats and their degree of non-saturatedchains, together with the esterification degree are theparameters influencing the final softening performance as wellas the final characteristics of the softener.

C a t i o n i c S u r f a c t a n t s

T E T R A N Y L ® TEA Esterquats

PROPERTIES

Biodegradable & Ecological

Antistatic and Softening Effect

APPLICATION

Fabric Softener

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

N+

RCOOCH2CH2 CH2CH2OH

RCOOCH2CH2 CH3

10

8

6

4

2

0DHTDMAC

C o m p a r a t i v e S c a l e

TETRANYL® L1/90 S

P a n e l Te s t o f E x p e r t s

TETRANYL® L6/90 TETRANYL® AT-7590 Blank

( C o t t o n / 0 . 1 % o f w )

R E W E T T I N G A B I L I T Y E F F E C T

% R e m a i n i n g C h l o r i n e

100

80

60

40

20

00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Time (weeks)

C H L O R I N E S T A B I L I T Y : T e s t a t 4 0 º C

p H = 1 3 , 4 0 g / L C h l o r i n e

Blank1% a.m. 2% a.m. 1% a.m.

OXIDET® DMCLD OXIDET® DMCLD OXIDET® L-75

1716

TEA Esterquats

Among the wide range of surfactants included in the TETRANYL® range, the mostused are those included in the table:

Almost since their introduction on the market, amphoteric surfactants have relied onpersonal care products. In recent years has their use extended into household cleaningapplications, such as hand dishwashing liquids and clothes washing detergents.

It is well known that, betaines show in general good pH stability, are hard water tolerant,are effective as detergents, increase the viscosity when combined with anionicsurfactants, and act as foam boosters, etc.

Kao’s trademark for this group of surfactants is BETADET® .

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), is by far the most used betaine, not only due to thelowest cost but also to its effectiveness.

There are two different qualities of cocamidopropyl betaines on the market. The mosttypical which is at around 35% of dry matter and a higher concentrated one with 50%dry matter approximately. Both products contain between 5 and 7% of sodium chlorideas a secondary product. Kao produces both, BETADET® HR and BETADET® HR-50Krespectively.

Besides the CAPB and among the range, Lauryl Hydroxysultaine, Kao’s trademarkBETADET® S-20, must be pointed out. This surfactant presents many advantageousproperties when compared to standard CABP. Those are : pH and low temperaturestability, foam quality, hard water tolerance and also skin mildness. It is recommendedfor high alkaline degreasers like oven cleaners or detergents for industrial kitchens.

A m p h o t e r i c S u r f a c t a n t s

B E T A D E T ® Betaines

T E T R A N Y L ®

Application and performing differences between these three products are notrelevant, nevertheless TETRANYL® L1/90 S is recommended for high concentratedsofteners due to its lower viscosity influence in the final formula. Concentratedsofteners are usually less viscous than regular types, to assure a good and quickdispersion in the washing machine. TETRANYL® L6/90 is the vegetable originversion of TETRANYL® L1/90 S. On the contrary, TETRANYL® AT-7590 is advisedfor regular or diluted softeners, due to its enhancing viscosity effect. The threeproducts contain around 10% isopropyl alcohol as a solvent.

TE T R A N Y L ® R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Active Applicationat 20ºC Matter

TETRANYL® AT-7590 91995-81-2 Partially Hydrogenated Regular softenersTallow Esterquat Paste /Solid ≈90 (5% a.m. approx.)

TETRANYL® L1/90 S 91995-81-2 Partially Hydrogenated Concentrated softenersTallow Esterquat Paste /Solid ≈90 (>17% a.m. approx.)

TETRANYL® AT-1 93334-15-7 Tallow Esterquat Liquid /Paste ≈90 Regular softenersProcess at room temperature

TETRANYL® L6/90 91995-81-2 Partially Hydrogenated Concentrated or regular softenersPalm Esterquat Paste /Solid ≈90 Vegetable origin

Co m p a r a t i v e S c a l e

Panel Test of Exper ts

B E T A D E T ® R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Description Appearance % Active at 20ºC Matter

BETADET® HR 61789-40-0 Cocamidopropyl Betaine Liquid ≈30

BETADET® HR-50K 61789-40-0 Cocamidopropyl Betaine Liquid ≈40

BETADET® DM-24 68424-94-2 Lauryl –Myristyl Betaine Liquid ≈32

BETADET® S-20 13197-76-7 Lauryl Hydroxysultaine Liquid ≈38

S O F T E N I N G E F F E C T

1918

DHTDMAC TETRANYL® L1/90 S TETRANYL® L6/90 TETRANYL® AT-7590 Blank

Betaines

In Kao’s range of products produced in Europe, there are also some “almost-ready” concentrated mixtures of surfactants and additives, designed andoptimised for many different applications, such as: washing-up liquids, allpurpose cleaners, floor and wood polishing agents, etc.

The trademark of Kao for this type of blends is DANOX® , however also the nameAKYPO® GENE is used for some specialities produced in Germany.

The dilution in water of these products and the addition of the specific additivesin each case together with fragrance, preservative and dyes, allows a very simplepreparation of final detergents.

B l e n d s

D A N O X ® / A K Y P O ® G E N E Blends

B E T A D E T ®

S T A B I L I T Y - A p p e a r a n c e a t 2 4 h o u r s

Alkaline Conditions Acidic Conditions

NaOH concentration H2SO4 concentration

30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%

BETADET® HR X O O O O O O O

BETADET® S-20 O O O O O O O O O O O

BETADET® DM-24 X O O O O X O O O

B r o o k f i e l d V i s c o s i t y 2 0 º C

1000000

100000

10000

1000

1001.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 % N a C l

T H I C K E N I N G E F F E C T

1 0 % a . m . S L E S / 3 % C o - s u r f a c t a n t

BETADET® HR BETADET® DM-24 BETADET® S-20 OXIDET® L-75 0% Co-surfactant

P R O P E R T I E S

Skin Compatible

Foam Booster

Thickening Agent

Detoxification Effect

Hard Water Tolerance



Light Duty Liquids

Oven Cleaners

D A N O X ® R A N G E

Trademark Chemical Description Appearance % Active Properties Applicationat 20ºC Matter

DANOX® LVC-200Anionic and Opaque Foaming Hand Washing-Up

Non-ionic Surfactants Viscous Liquid≈65

Detergent Liquids

DANOX® HDLAnionic and Heavy Duty Liquid

Non-ionic SurfactantsLiquid ≈54 Detergent

Detergents for Fabrics

DANOX® APCAnionic and Transparent

Non-ionic Surfactants Liquid≈63 Soil Emulsifier All Purpose Cleaners

DANOX® DB-1 Non-ionic Surfactants Wetting and Strong and Industrial

Liquid ≈78Strong Solubilizer Degreasers

DANOX® 511-B Non-ionic Surfactants Liquid ≈60Strong Strong

Solubilizer Degreasers

DANOX® TLK-24Anionic and Transparent

Non-ionic Surfactants Viscous Liquid≈25 Thickener Hypochlorite Bleaches

DANOX® MEC Non-ionic Surfactants Transparent MechanicsEXTRA CONC. and Solvents Liquid

≈100 DegreasingHand Cleanser

EMULSION AF-400Waxes, Polymers and Grey OpaqueNon-ionic Surfactants Liquid

≈40 Polishing Floor Polishers

2120

Benzalkonium Chloride is a very well known disinfecting agent, used

mainly in hard surface cleaners but it can be also recommended for

swimming-pool application, as an algaecide.

QUARTAMIN® 60W25 and QUARTAMIN® THV are monoalkyl quats and

therefore they are less performing as softeners than dialkyl quats.

Nevertheless, both surfactants can be used in other applications like in

acidic cleaners or in hydrogen peroxide-based cleaners.

O t h e r S p e c i a l i t i e s

T E T R A N Y L ® / Q U A R T A M I N ®

A K Y P O ® G E N E / P e a r l i n g a g e n t s Blends

Pearling agents are specially designed blends used to modify the final appearanceof the surfactant clear solutions. Their final composition is usually a result of along R&D investigation and optimisation of the crystallisation process.

These products are usually added to the surfactant solution at the end of theproduction process and at room temperature. Their common use percentage isbetween 2 and 10%. Its use avoids the heating-up of the total solution and thecontrolled crystallisation process. They save time and energy.

DANOX® P-15 is a very effective pearling additive, which can be used at verylow percentages.

DANOX® PL-10 is a new pearling agent developed in accordance to the newmarket trends, which are to be exempt of any alkanolamide, to be highconcentrated, very mild and preservative free.

P E A R L I N G A G E N T S R A N G E


Sodium Laureth Sulfate

DANOX® PL-10 Glycereth-2 Cocoate Viscous Liquid ≈52 Pearling EffectWashing-Up Liquids

Ethylenglycol DistearateFabric Detergents

Sodium Laureth Sulfate

DANOX® P-15 Cocamide MEA Viscous Liquid ≈40 Pearling EffectWashing-Up Liquids

Ethylenglycol DistearateFabric Detergents

O T H E R C A T I O N I C S U R F A C T A N T S R A N G E

Trademark CAS Number Chemical Appearance % Active Properties ApplicationDescription at 20ºC Matter

TETRANYL® BC-50 61789-71-7Benzalkonium

Liquid ≈50 DisinfectingHard Surface

Chloride Cleaners

TETRANYL® BC-80 61789-71-7Benzalkonium

Liquid ≈80 DisinfectingHard Surface

Chloride Cleaners

QUARTAMIN® 60W25

112-02-07Cetrimonium

Liquid ≈25Viscosity Acidic

Chloride Enhancing Cleaners

QUARTAMIN® 60W30 112-02-07Cetrimonium

Liquid ≈30Viscosity Acidic

Chloride Enhancing Cleaners

Clear Softener

QUARTAMIN® TH-V 68002-62-0Steartrimonium

Liquid ≈50 Softening Effect Hydrogen Chloride

Peroxide Cleaners

Other cationicsurfactants

2322

A K Y P O ® G E N E R A N G E


AKYPO® GENE KTS Anionic Surfactants Cleaner Carpet Cleaners

and PolymersOpaque Liquid ≈31

Antistatic (Aerosol)

Diary Industry

AKYPO® GENE JOD FEther Carboxylate Dark Brown ≈20 % Disinfecting CIP cleaners

and Iodine Derivative Liquid Active Iodine and Cleaning Food IndustryHospitals

C E L L E S H ®

The tendency to a partial reduction, or in some cases, total elimination ofphosphates in detergents, due to eutrofication problems, has led to reducedefficiency, such as: decrease in detergency, increase in re-deposition, reductionin dispersion power and increase in incrustations.

The acrylic polymers and acrylic-maleate copolymers are the best solutions foravoiding this type of deficiency, especially in phosphate-free detergents, whichcause incrustation problems of inorganic and organic origin.

In addition, due to the stability of CELLESH® in acidic and alkaline mediums,its use may be recommended in different types of all purpose detergents, machinedishwashing products, etc. Its use in these detergents assures cleaning power,increases the dispersion of insoluble particles and avoids the precipitation ofsalts (spotting).

Polymers A p p l i c a t i o n s

H a n d W a s h i n g - U p L i q u i d s

F o r m u l a

C E L L E S H ® R A N G E

Trademark Chemical Appearance % Active Molecular Properties ApplicationDescription at 20ºC Matter Weight

CELLESH® 100Sodium Acrylate Chelating Liquid

HomopolymerLiquid ≈40 Low

Effect Detergents

CELLESH® 200Sodium Maleate - Chelating MachineAcrylate Polymer

Liquid ≈40 LowEffect Dishwashing

CELLESH® 200ESodium Maleate- Dispersing PowderAcrylate Polymer

Liquid ≈40 HighEffect Detergents

Regular Concentrated% Wt. % Wt.

TOTAL ACTIVE MATTER 20% a.m. 40% a.m.

SULFONAX® 8.60 ----Anionic ALFANOX® 46 ---- 63.8

EMAL® 270D 3.95 11.3

LEVENOL® C-421 ---- 4.0Non-ionic LEVENOL® C-201 6.0 ----

OXIDET® L-75 7.9 9.5

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s. q.s.NaCl q.s. ----Solvents (EtOH/ PG) ---- q.s.NaOH q.s. q.s.Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100%

C O M M E N T S

SULFONAX ® (LABSA, 95% a.m.) must be neutralised with SodiumHydroxide before adding the other components.

Both references are classified as Non-irritant according to the Zein Test.

P R O C E S S - R e g u l a r p r o d u c t ( 2 0 % a . m . )

20ºC pH=7 adjustment viscosity adjustment

Water

NaOH

SULFONAX®

EMAL® 270D

OXIDET® L-75

LEVENOL® C-201

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative

NaCl

P R O C E S S - C o n c e n t r a t e d p r o d u c t ( 4 0 % a . m . )

20ºC to stir till clear after each addition

Water

Solvents

EMAL® 270D

LEVENOL® C-421

OXIDET® L-75

ALFANOX® 46

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative

NaOH

pH adjustment

Ecological

Non-irritant

Highly effective

2524

F o r m u l a

% Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % Wt.

Anionic AKYPO® LF4 ---- ---- ---- 3.0

FINDET® LR4/2585 5.5 ---- ---- ----

Non-ionic FINDET® 13/18 ---- 5.0 ---- ----

LEVENOL® C-301 ---- ---- 5.0 ----

CationicTETRANYL® BC-80 or 0.65 or 0.65 or 0.65 or 0.65 or

TETRANYL® BC-50 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Isopropyl alcohol or butyldiglycol 3 - 5 3 - 5 3 - 5 3 - 5

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

P R O C E S S & C O M M E N T S

Process at room temperature (20ºC).

Components can be added to the water in theabove written order.

A l l P u r p o s e - F l o o r C l e a n e r s K i t c h e n D e g r e a s e r s

C O M M E N T S

Highly effective degreaser for alltypes of hard surfaces in the

kitchen.

It can be applied using a trigger.

No rinse is needed.

P R O C E S S

Process at room temperature(20ºC).

Components can be addedto the water in the above

written order.

% Wt.

FINDET® LR4/2585 3.0

Non-ionic FINDET® 10/18 1.5

AMIDET® A/18 4.0

Triethanolamine 3.0

Butyldiglycol 2.0

Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) 2.0

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s.

Deionized water Up to 100%

F o r m u l a

So lub i l i z i ng

Emu l s i fy i ng

Degreas i ng

No r i nse needed

Use d i l u ted at 5%

Dis i nfect i ng

2726

A p p l i c a t i o n s A p p l i c a t i o n s

I n d u s t r i a l D e g r e a s e r s

P R O C E S S


Components can be addedto the water in the above

written order.

% Wt. % Wt.

Blend DANOX® DB-1 10.0 5.0

NTA-Na3 (93%) 4.0 ----

TPPP (Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate) 4.0 ----

Phosphoric acid (85%) ---- 20

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s. q.s.

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100%

Final pH ≈11.5 ≈1.0 - 1.5

F o r m u l a

C O M M E N T S

DANOX ® DB-1 is advised for strong heavy duty cleaners and mainly

for industrial applications.

It can be used under alkaline conditions or in acid cleaners

(engineering, metal cleaners).

S t r o n g A l k a l i n e C l e a n e r

C O M M E N T S

Specially indicated for ironsurfaces.

It eliminates rust and theorganic residues.

P R O C E S S


Components can be added to thewater in the above written order.

Alka l ine or ac id c leaner

Emuls ify ing

Strong degreas ing effect

F o r m u l a

% Wt.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 50%) 39.0

Amphoteric BETADET® S-20 2.4

Gluconic acid (50%) 18.0Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s.Deionized water Up to 100%

Final pH ≈11.5

Strongly a lka l ine

Degreas ing

Oven c leaner

2928


A c i d C l e a n e r s

F o r m u l a

P R O C E S S


Add the corresponding acid to the deionized water.

Continue with the addition of the other components.

Use the corresponding surfactant to adjust final viscosity.

C O M M E N T S

Fragrance can have a biginfluence on the viscosity.

Avoid skin contact.

Type of Acid Citric Acid Phosphoric Acid Hydrochloric Acid % Wt. % Wt. % Wt.

1.80% : 50 cPs 1.25% : 10 cPsAnionic MELIOSOL® CU-40 2.00% : 990 cPs 1.50% : 4.500 cPs ----

2.30% : 1.970 cPs 2.50% : 9.100 cPs

1.50% : 310 cPsAMIET® OD/14 ---- 2.5 2.00% : 540 cPs

Non-ionic 2.50% : 800 cPs

OXIDET® DMCLD ---- ---- 1.5

Amphoteric BETADET® HR 2.0 ---- ----

Cationic QUARTAMIN® 60W25 8.0 4.0 ----

CITRIC ACID 5.0 ---- ----PHOSPHORIC ACID (85%) ---- 14.1 ----HYDROCHLORIC ACID (37%) ---- ---- 27.0Fragrance/ Dye(s) /Preservative q.s. q.s. q.s.Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

Bathroom app l icat ion

High effect iveness

B l e a c h e s ( S o d i u m h y p o c h l o r i t e )

C O M M E N T S

Fragrance can have a big influence

on the viscosity.

For a good stability, it is important

to adjust the final pH of the

formula at pH=13.

F o r m u l a

Dis infect ing

Detergent b leach

Active chlorine Content 30g/L % Wt. 40g/L % Wt. 40g/L % Wt.

Anionic EMAL® 270D 1.0 – 2.0 1.0 – 2.0 ----

Non-ionicOXIDET® DMCLD ---- 0.3 - 0.5 ----OXIDET® DM-4 0.3 – 0.5 ---- ----

Blend DANOX® TLK-24 ---- ---- 3.0 – 5.0

Sodium hypochlorite (180g/L) q.s. ---- ----Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) q.s. q.s. q.s.Stabilizer (Phosphonate type) q.s. q.s. q.s.Fragrance 0.1 - 0.3 0.1 - 0.3 0.1 - 0.3Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

P R O C E S S


Mix the fragrance with the amine oxide.

Add the above mixture to the deionized water.

Continue with the addition of Sodium hypochlorite.

Adjust final pH.

3130


B l e a c h e s ( H y d r o g e n P e r o x i d e )

F o r m u l a

C O M M E N T S

The addition of an H2O2

stabilizer (phosphonate type)is convenient.

Viscosity can be adjusted usingsodium xylenesulfonate.

Dis infect ing

Bleaching

Hard surfaces

Coloured fabr ics

D i s i n f e c t i n g C l e a n e r s ( I o d i n e )

P R O C E S S & C O M M E N T S


Neutralise AKYPO ® acids first, before

adding EMAL ® 270D and the other

components.

F o r m u l a

Dis infect ing

Ant ibacter ia l

Food and beverageindustry

Diary industry

Hospita ls

Application Field Doctor’s Wash CIP Cleaning Teat Dip Disinfectant

% Wt. % Wt. % Wt.

EMAL® 270D 4.0 ---- ----

AnionicAKYPO® RLM 45 CA 6.0 ---- ----

AKYPO® RLM 100 6.0 ---- 5.0

AKYPO® LF 1 ---- 4.0 ----

Blend AKYPO® GENE JOD F 5.0 10.0 3.0

Fragrance /Dye(s)/Preservative q.s. q.s. q.s.

Phosphoric acid (85%) ---- 10.0 ----

Butyl dioxytol ---- 7.0 ----

PEG-400 ---- ---- 2.0

Glycerine ---- ---- 5.0

NaOH pH ≈4 pH ≈1.5 pH ≈4

NaCl q.s. ---- ----

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

Fabrics Hard Surfaces% Wt. % Wt.

Hydrogen peroxide (35%) 5.0 – 10.0 5.0 – 12.0

Cationic QUARTAMIN® TH-V 2.0 – 3.0 3.0 – 4.0

Non-ionic FINDET® 10/18 0.1 0.1

Sodium xylenesulfonate (90%) 0.3 – 0.8 0.5 – 1.0

Sulfamic or Citric acid ---- 3.0 – 5.0

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100%

P R O C E S S

20ºC start the stirring viscosity adjustment

Water

Acid(s)

QUARTAMIN® TH-V FINDET® 10/18 H2O2

Sodium xylenesulfonate (90%)

after each addition, stir till complete transparency

3332


H e a v y D u t y L i q u i d D e t e r g e n t s ( H D L D )

F o r m u l a

C O M M E N T S

HDLD-2 is a little bit viscous: 1000 cPs (20ºC)

Automatic washing machine

HDLD-1 HDLD-2 HDLD-3

% Wt. % Wt. % Wt.

AnionicSULFONAX® 12.5 ---- ----

EMAL® 30E ---- 17.0 ----

Non-ionic LEVENOL® C-301 9.0 17.0 ----

Amphoteric BETADET® HR ---- 5.0 ----

Blend DANOX® HDL ---- ---- 60.0

Coconut fatty acid 17.7 14.0 ----

Sodium Citrate 2.45 4.0 ----

Triethanolamine 8.7 4.7 ----

Sodium hydroxide (50%) 4.5 2.5 ----

Diethylenglycol 2.0 ---- ----

Ethyl alcohol 3.0 ---- ----

Chelating agent 1.60 2.0 1.0 – 2.0

Enzymes (Protease, amylase,…) 0.2 – 0.6 0.2-0.6 0.2-0.6

Preservative / Dye(s) q.s. q.s. q.s.

Optical brightener 0.1 0.1 0.1

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

P R O C E S S : H D L D - 3

Add DANOX ® HDL to the water and continue with the addition of theother components keeping the same order like in the previous processes.

P R O C E S S - H D L D - 1

20ºC pH adjustment (≈8.0) Unload

Water

Sodium Citrate SULFONAX®

LEVENOL® C-301 Optical Brightener

Preservative

Coconut Fatty acidNaOH / TEA

DEG / EtOH Chelating Agent Enzymes

Dye (s)

P R O C E S S - H D L D - 2

20ºC pH adjustment (≈8.0) Unload

Water

Sodium CitrateEMAL® 30E

LEVENOL® C-301 Optical Brightener

Preservative

Coconut Fatty acidBETADET® HR

NaOH / TEA Chelating Agent Enzymes

Dye (s)

heat up to 40ºC

H e a v y D u t y L i q u i d D e t e r g e n t s ( H D L D )

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L i g h t D u t y L i q u i d D e t e r g e n t s ( L D L D )

F o r m u l a

Fine fabr ics

Wool

Non- irr itant

Colour care

Hand Wash Hand Wash Machine Wash Black Fabrics% Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % Wt.

ALFANOX® 46 35.0 ---- ---- ----

EMAL® 270D ---- 10.0 ---- ----

EMAL® 30E ---- ---- 17.0 ----

Anionic AKYPO® SOFT 100BVC ---- 5.0 ---- ----

AKYPO® SOFT 70BVC ---- ---- ---- 18.6

SAS ---- 15.0 ---- ----

ICTEOL® K-50 0.8 ---- 10.0 0.8

LEVENOL® C-421 5.0 ---- ---- ----

Non-ionic LEVENOL® C-201 ---- ---- 15.0 5.0

AMIDET® N ---- 1.0 ---- ----

Amphoteric BETADET® HR ---- ---- 5.0 ----

Fragrance q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.

Preservative q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.

Dye(s) q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.

Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100% Up to 100%

C a r p e t C l e a n e r

C O M M E N T S

Small quantities of sodium chloride can be used to increaseviscosity.

In the case of black fabric detergent, the addition of anenzyme (cellulase type) is advisable.

Adjust pH to neutral.

P R O C E S S

Add all the components to the water in the above mentionedorder and stir till complete homogenisation and transparency

after each addition.

Adjust with citric acid to neutral pH.

Good c lean ing propert ies

Res istant aga inst re-so i l ing

Creamy foam

Short dry ing t ime

Antistat ic effect

C O M M E N T S

The final formula has an antistatic effecton synthetic carpets.

The product is mostly used in aerosols.

P R O C E S S

Mix the components.

Fill up the can and add the propellant.

F o r m u l a

% Wt.

Blend AKYPO® GENE KTS 20.0

Di-Sodium hydrogen phosphate 0.5Deionized Water Up to 100%

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E c o l o g i c a l F a b r i c S o f t e n e r s

F o r m u l a

C O M M E N T S

The final viscosity or appearance ofthe softener depends not only on thesurfactant used but also on differentprocess parameters like temperature,

type of stir and stirring time.

Water hardness and fragrance alsohave a big influence.

Bathroom applicationEcological

Non-irritantQuick dispersal

High rewetting abilityEasy to prepare

No washing machine corrosion

C l e a r S o f t e n e r

Regular Concentrated% Wt. % Wt.

Total Active Matter 5% a.m. 18% a.m.

CationicTETRANYL® AT-7590 5.5 ----TETRANYL® L1/90S ---- 20

Non-ionic FINDET® 1618A/35-P (optional) ---- 0.5

Fragrance 0.25 0.8Dye(s) at 1 per 1000 5 15Antifoaming silicones (optional) 0.01 0.01Easy ironing silicones (optional) 1 3Mg or Ca chloride - 0.2Thickener (optional) 0.1 -Preservative 0.1 0.1Deionized water Up to 100% Up to 100%

Final viscosity (cPs) 100-200 50-100

P R O C E S S

30-50ºC viscosityadjustment

Hot water

SiliconeTETRANYL®

(45-55ºC)

Preservative

cooldown to 30ºC

stirring15-20’

stirring5-10’

stirring5-10’

ColourFa-EO

Fragrance Salt orThickener

C O M M E N T S

Total active matter of the softener is 4%

Kraft Point : > 90ºC

A cellulose derivative can be used as athickener if needed.

F o r m u l a

% Wt.

Cationic QUARTAMIN® TH-V 8.0

Chelating agent 0.1Fragrance 0.3Preservative 0.1Dye(s) at 1 per 1000 0.5Thickener (optional) q.s.Deionized water Up to 100%

P R O C E S S

25ºC

Water (25ºC)

Chelatingagent

QUARTAMIN® TH-VColour

Preservative Fragrance

Transparent

Easy to prepare

Thickener(if needed)

stir until clear ≈10 min. stirring

3938


N o t e s N o t e s

Documents

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