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THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM Joe Pistack MS/ED

Joe Pistack MS/ED. The lymphatic system contains: Lymph Lymphatic vessels Lymphoid organs Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

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Page 1: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM Joe Pistack MS/ED

Page 2: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPH

The lymphatic system contains: Lymph Lymphatic vessels Lymphoid organs Lymphoid tissue

Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely throughout the body.

Page 3: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

FUNCTIONS OF LYMPH

Lymphatic vessels return tissue to the blood.

Specialized lymphatic vessels play an important role in intestinal absorption of fats and fat soluble vitamins.

Lymphoid tissue helps the body defend itself against disease.

Page 4: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Lymphedema-lymph channels back up and there is a back-up of interstitial fluid.

Page 5: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPH

Lymph is a clear fluid that resembles plasma.

Composition: Water Electrolytes: Na+, Cl. Waste from metabolizing cells. Some albumin that leaks out of the

capillaries.

Page 6: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC VESSELS

Has a similar structure to the blood capillaries and the veins.

Has the same distribution as the blood capillaries and veins.

Page 7: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC VESSELS

Lymph flows toward the heart through a series of lymphatic vessels until it reaches the lymphatic ducts.

Lymph from the rest of the body drains into the thoracic duct.

Page 8: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Page 9: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC VESSELS

Both ducts empty the lymph into the subclavian veins.

Right lymphatic duct drains lymph into the right subclavian vein.

Thoracic duct drains lymph into the left subclavian vein.

Page 10: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHATIC DUCTS

Page 11: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPHOID ORGANS

Includes: Lymph nodes Tonsils Thymus gland Spleen

Lymphoid organs and lymphoid tissue help defend the body against disease.

Page 12: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPH TISSUE

Page 13: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPH NODES

Lymph nodes – small pea-shaped patches of lymphatic tissue strategically located so as to filter the lymph as it flows through the lymphatic vessels.

Lymph nodes tend to appear in clusters.

Page 14: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LYMPH NODES

Cervical lymph nodes:

Drain and cleanse lymph coming from the head and neck areas.

Enlarged tender cervical lymph nodes often accompany upper respiratory infections.

Page 15: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

AXILLARY LYMPH NODES

Axillary lymph nodes- located in the axillary,

or armpit. Drain and cleanse lymph coming from the upper extremities, shoulder, and breast area.

Cancer cells that escape from the breast are often found in the axillary lymph nodes.

Page 16: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

INGUINAL LYMPH NODES

Located in the groin region. Drain and cleanse lymph from the lower extremities and external genetalia.

Page 17: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

TONSILS

Tonsils-partially encapsulated lymph nodes in the throat area.

Filter tissue fluid contaminated by pathogens that enter the body through the nose or mouth or both.

Three sets of tonsils.

Page 18: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

PALATINE TONSILS

Small masses of lymphoid tissue located at the opening of the oral cavity into the pharynx.

Set of tonsils removed in a tonsillectomy.

Page 19: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

PHARYNGEAL TONSILS

Also called adenoids.

Located near the opening of the nasal cavity in the upper pharynx.

Enlargement of the adenoids may interfere with breathing.

Page 20: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

LINGUAL TONSILS

Located at the back of the tongue.

Page 21: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

THYMUS GLAND

Located in the upper mediastinum in thoracic cavity.

Plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system before birth and in the first few months after birth.

Page 22: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

THYMUS GLAND

Gland shrinks after puberty but remains active throughout life

Thymosins- hormone secreted by the thymus gland.

Page 23: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

SPLEEN

Largest lymphoid organ in the body.

Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity.

Filters blood rather than

lymph.

Page 24: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

THE SPLEEN

Composed of two types of tissue: (1) white pulp-lymphoid tissue

consisting primarily of lymphocytes surrounding arteries.

(2)-red pulp-contains venous sinus filled with blood and disease-preventing cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages.

Page 25: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

RED AND WHITE PULP

Page 26: Joe Pistack MS/ED.  The lymphatic system contains:  Lymph  Lymphatic vessels  Lymphoid organs  Lymphoid tissue Lymphoid tissue is scattered widely

FUNCTIONS OF THE SPLEEN

Cleansing role Stores blood, especially platelets Destroys and phagocytes, old worn-out

blood cells (called the graveyard of blood cells)

Plays a role in erythropoiesis (site of red blood cell production) before birth

Production of lymphocytes Can live without a spleen, more prone to

infection