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DZone, Inc. | www.dzone.com
By Mike Keit
G
etting
Started
with
JPA2.0
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27
CONTENTS INCLUDE:
n Whats New in JPA 2.0n JDBC Propertiesn Access Moden Mappingsn
Shared Cachen Additional API and more...
Getting Started withJPA 2.0
THE JENKINS EXPERTSand your favorite Java Platform as a
Service
We really know Jenkins.Led by Kohsuke Kawaguchi, the founder and
lead developer of the Jenkins
project, our Jenkins development team works closely with the
community
to advance the open source project.
We offer:
3Jenkins support
3OSS plugin support
3Free plugins
3Jenkins enterprise plugins
3Jenkins in the Cloud
Sign up for Continuous
Information the Jenkins
newsletter
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J
e
s
o
aaS
By Marcelo Gornstein with Harpreet Sin
ABOUT THIS REFCARD
In this Refcard you will nd information about Jenkins, the #1
open sourceCI server, including:
Reviewofthemostusefulplugins Bestpractices
TheCLIandhowtoachievedistributedbuildingsofyourprojects Security
PublishingReports IntegrationtoanEnterpriseenvironment
Other Related Refcardz
ABOUT JENKINS
Jenkins is an open source CI server written in Java. It is
licensed underthe MIT license terms, and it is widely adopted
throughout the worldfor different languages and environments. It
also has an enormouscommunity that contributes plugins.
JENKINS OR HUDSON?
Initially, Jenkins was called Hudson, and was developed inside
SunMicrosystems ofces. When Oracle purchased Sun (and inherited
thecode base), they tried to change the way the project was
managed. In early2011, tensions between Oracle and the community
lead to a project fork,and Jenkins was born. The main difference is
that Hudson is still managedby Oracle, and Jenkins by most of the
original Hudson developers(including the founder Kohsuke
Kawaguchi), focused on the communitysneeds.
JENKINS RESOURCES
Homepage:http://jenkins-ci.org
GitHub:https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins
Twitter:@jenkinsci
IRCChannel:chat.freenode.netat#jenkinsand#jenkins-commit(forreal-timecommitalerts).
Mailinglists:http://jenkins-ci.org/content/mailing-lists
JenkinsUserConferences:Areheldmultipletimesayear,seehttp://www.cloudbees.com/juc2012.cb
GETTING JENKINS
You can download Jenkins from the
homepage:http://jenkins-ci.org/.
RUNNING IT
Java Webstart (from the web)A great way to start playing around
with Jenkins is to use its Java WebStart version, available at
http://jenkins-ci.org/jenkins.jnlp. Just click on itand youll be
ready to go. Your preferences and changes will be saved tothe
directory .jenkins inside your home directory. When started, you
canaccess Jenkins at http://localhost:8080/.
WAR FILE STANDALONE
Just run it from the command line, like:
java -jar jenkins.war
The war will be extracted and will serve Jenkins on port 8080 by
default.Some useful command line arguments:
If you want to change the listening port/address, or tweak more
startupoptions, use the --help option to show the full list of
available commandline arguments.
War File From a Web ContainerLast but not least, you can opt to
move the jenkins.war le in the webappsfolder of your web container
of your choice (like Tomcat or Jetty, etc.) andmanage it from
there.
For the Jetty instructions, see:
https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINJetty.
CONTENTS INCLUDE:
nWar File Standalone
nThe CLI
nConfiguring the Tools
nCreating Custom Plugins
nFile Fingerprinting
n
and More!
Jenkins on PaaContinuous Integration with Jenkins for Java
Proje
Jenkins Enterprise
by CloudBeesDelivering enterprise-level management,
efficiency and availability
3Professional support
3Higher availability &decreased downtime
3Stronger securityand access control
3Faster builds
3Increased developerproductivity
3Improved use of resources
Learn more!
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[email protected]
HotTip
HotTip
Most o the inormation you will fnd here will apply to Hudson
andJenkins as well.
You may want to also take a look at the ollowing related
recards:#87 (CI: Servers and Tools), #84 (CI: Patterns and
Anti-Patterns),#145 (Continuous Delivery Patterns and AntiPatterns
in theSotware Liecycle).
Brought to you b
HotTip
By deault, Jenkins will store its fles in the directory
confgured in
the environment variable JENKINS_HOME.
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For the Tomcat instructions see:
https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Tomcat .
When deploying on an application server, the path to access
Jenkins maychange. By default you should be able to nd it at
http://localhost:8080/
jenkins.
Run Jenkins in the Cloud with CloudBees DEV@cloudFor folks who
dont want to install software, Jenkins is available in the
cloudthrough CloudBees DEV@cloud. Sign up for CloudBees, enable
Jenkins, anda Jenkins master will be set up for you.
THE CLI
Jenkins comes with a suitable command line interface. To access
it, pointyour browser to http://ip:port/cli (replace ip:port with
your own JenkinsURL) and follow the instructions. You can also nd
more information at thewiki:
http://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Jenkins+CLI.
Running the CLIjava -jar jenkins-cli.jar [-s JENKINS_URL]
command [options...] [arguments...]
Using CredentialsIf your Jenkins installation required
authentication, it is possible that you
wont be able to use the CLI properly. In this case, go to
http://ip:port/me/congure and congure your SSH public key.
You can then login with the cli by using the login command. This
willautomatically load your SSH public key from your home directory
and use itto authenticate with Jenkins.
CONFIGURING
With the GUIClicking on the Manage Jenkins option in the main
menu will take you tothe Manage System screen. There you can tweak
the system settings,read system information, logs, and statistics,
and manage the plugins. TheCongure System option takes you to the
full system options.
Without using the GUIJenkins stores its conguration (and the
jobs information) in plain lesinside the directory specied by
JENKINS_HOME. If you happen to modifythese les manually and want
the settings to take effect, click the ReloadConguration from Disk
icon.
CONFIGURING THE TOOLS (JDK/ANT/MAVEN)
By default, Jenkins comes with support for Java projects without
anyadditional plugins. So lets congure our Java tools (JDK, Apache
Ant andMaven). Click on the Manage Jenkins -> Congure System
option. Thetools have to be already installed in the same host
where you are runningJenkins. For every tool, you can congure:
Name:SinceyoucancongureanynumberofJDK/Maven/Antinstallations,youhavetogiveeachoneofthoseadistinctivename,
soyoucanlaterassignaspecictooltoaspecicbuild.
Home:Theinstallationpath.
Automatically Installing JDK, Maven, Ant.If you dont have JDK
and Apache Ant/Maven, you can make Jenkins installit automatically.
Whenever you see the option Install automatically, youcan check it
to tell Jenkins to download and install that tool automaticallyas
soon as a project needs it. You can also download it yourself, and
tellJenkins to use the le you want by clicking Add Installer and
selecting theExtract *.zip/*.tar.gz option, and then giving the
full path to the le.
UPDATING
To check for new versions, go to the Manage System screen. If
theres anew version available, you will see a notice saying so and
asking you toupgrade manually or automatically, or to read the
changelog. If an upgradebreaks your installation, you can also
downgrade your copy to the lastworking version from this menu.
PLUGIN MANAGEMENT
The vibrant Jenkins community has provided (and still continues
providing)plugins to extend the Jenkins features. This has lead to
Jenkins beingan incredible and versatile tool to manage software
projects. Inside theCongure System menu, you will nd the Manage
Plugins option.
Clicking on it will take you to Plugin Manager, where you will
nd anyavailable updates for the plugins installed, a list of new
(not installed)plugins, and a list of the already installed
plugins.
The advanced tab lets you congure an HTTP Proxy, the Update
Site(Jenkins connects to this URL to get updates and plugins). You
canalso upload a custom plugin, packaged as a .jpi le. Jenkins
plugins aredistributed in jpi les (hpi les are also supported),
which are common jarles, with a custom tree layout. You can read
more about Jenkins pluginshere:
http://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/HUDSON/Plugin+structure
For versions prior to 1.442, once you have installed new
plugins, youneed to restart Jenkins for the changes to take effect.
You can do this bychecking the Restart Jenkins when installation is
complete and no jobs arerunning checkbox.
CREATING CUSTOM PLUGINS
Creating your own plugin is easy and powerful. You might want to
createyour own plugins to integrate Jenkins with a specic tool, to
add or modifybuild steps behavior, add reporting, change the GUI,
add CLI commands,etc.
For this, Jenkins provides Extension points. You can nd more
about themhere:
https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Extension+points
A complete tutorial can be found
at:https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorial
USEFUL PLUGINS
Heres a list of the most used plugins. You might want to install
someof these right away for your projects:
http://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/download/Jenkins+Enterprise/WebHome/CertiedPlugins.pdf.
This listingtakes in a number of factors to score these plugins,
including popularityand active contributions to the codebase.
CHANGING THE LANGUAGE
HotTip
By deault, Jenkins will show up in the language o your browser.
Iyou want a dierence language, change your browsers language.I, on
the other hand, you want to show Jenkins always in the
givenlanguage, use the Locale plugin (available through the
PluginManager). When installed, you will fnd an extra option at
theJenkins Management options, Locale -> Deault Language
whereyou can defne the deault language and even instruct Jenkins
tooverride the browsers language.
http://www.dzone.com/https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Tomcathttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Tomcathttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Jenkins+CLIhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+structurehttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Extension+pointshttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorialhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorialhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorialhttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/download/Jenkins+Enterprise/WebHome/CertifiedPlugins.pdfhttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/download/Jenkins+Enterprise/WebHome/CertifiedPlugins.pdfhttp://www.cloudbees.com/http://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/download/Jenkins+Enterprise/WebHome/CertifiedPlugins.pdfhttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/download/Jenkins+Enterprise/WebHome/CertifiedPlugins.pdfhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorialhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+tutorialhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Extension+pointshttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Plugin+structurehttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Jenkins+CLIhttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Tomcathttps://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Tomcathttp://www.dzone.com/http://www.refcardz.com/http://www.refcardz.com/
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SMTP CONFIGURATION FOR E-MAIL
NOTIFICATIONS
Advanced Email NotificationsA useful plugin is Email-ext, which
allows a ner-grainedcontrol over howand when emails are sent.
Install this plugin from the Plugin Manager.
This plugin adds a few more hooks that can be used to send
e-mailnotications, such as when a build is about to be done,
continues to fail, orbecomes unstable. You can also customize the
emails you can chooseto send them to different people based on a
specic list, or you can sendthem because they made the comments.
You can also include the buildoutput.
CONFIGURING A SOURCE VERSION CONTROL
SYSTEM
CVS and SubversionJenkins comes out of the box with support for
CVS and SVN. For CVS,select the CVS option in the Job
conguration.
GitTo use GIT with Jenkins, you will need to install the GIT
plugin from thePlugin Manager.
TRIGGERING BUILDS
ManuallyBuilds can be manually triggered by clicking the Play
(Build Now) icon atthe left sidebar when inside a job. To congure
when a build should be donefor a job, use the Build Triggers
conguration.
Scheduling a BuildYou can congure your job to be automatically
built when a dependency isbuilt or when a specic job has been
built. Also, the Build Periodically andPoll SCM options let you
setup a crontab-like schedule, either to build the
job or to poll the SCM for changes and trigger a build when
changes arefound. The schedule consists of 5 columns: Minute, Hour,
Day of month,Month, Day of the week. The complete format is
available by clicking thehelp icon for this option.
Another powerful option is Post-commit hooks for running builds.
A buildgets triggered on a commit into the repository. This is more
efcient thanperiodic builds or the poll SCM option.
Establishing an Upstream-Downstream Relationship
PUBLISHING REPORTS
To publish the reports for your code metrics, see the Build
Settings sectionof your job conguration. Some plugins will add a
Post-build action, like theStatus Analysis Collector, so you might
want to check those actions to ndnew publishing options.
Thresholds On MetricsIn general, plugins that report on code
metrics can be congured to setthresholds on those values in order
to make a build stable, unstable, orfailed. You can congure these
thresholds by clicking the Advanced button.
PARAMETERIZED BUILDS
To add a parameter, just click the Add Parameter button, and
select fromthe dropdown menu the type of parameter you would like
to use. When thebuild is triggered, Jenkins will ask for the values
required.
Accessing the Parameter ValuesOnce dened, you can access the
parameters just as any otherenvironment variable. For example, from
the shell (or when conguring your
job build):
echo ${VERSION} > version.txt
Accessing variables from Ant
Accessing variables from Maven
${VERSION}
..
Triggering Other Builds with the Same ParametersSometimes it is
useful to trigger the build of another job from aparameterized
build, passing on the parameters used. In this case, use the
Parameterized Trigger plugin.
Once installed, you will nd a new option in your job conguration
page:The Triggering parameterized builds on other projects option.
On newerversions, you can access it from the Post Build Actions
section of your jobconguration.
Remember that the job should be parameterized as well. You can
also mixother parameters or read them from a properties le.
BUILD PROMOTION
In order to promote the build, you can opt for a number of
available criteria:
Manual Buildcompleted Builtoneormoredownstreamprojects
Oneormoreupstreamprojectsgetpromoted
With a promoting condition congured, you can add actions to
beperformed when the actual promotion occurs, by clicking the Add
actiondropdown box.
HotTip
Jenkins can send e-mail alerts when a build breaks or goes
backto normal. In order to do so, it needs to know the SMTP
inormation,which you can confgure in the Manage System section.
Then, inyour job confguration, check the Email notifcation
option.
HotTip
You can build a project as soon as another project is built.
Thisis useul when project B (downstream) depends on project
A(upstream) and you want to make sure you build a new B versionor
each new build o A. Check-mark the Build ater other projects
arebuilt option. You can speciy more than one project by
separatingthem with a comma.
HotTip
This is a very useul eature that will let you enter some
parametervalues into the job either manually or by taking them rom
otherjobs. In your job confguration, select This build is
parameterized(i you dont see this option, try looking or the
Parameterized Buildplugin in the Plugin Manager).
Hot
Tip
Promotions are a great tool to add steps in the build process
andalso mark builds according to a number o things. Promotionsare
available through the Promoted Builds plugin. When installed,
you will fnd a new option called Promote builds when in your
jobconfguration.
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Promoting BuildsTo promote a build, click the Promotion Status
link (either at the leftnavigation bar, or at the build page). The
met and unmet qualications willappear from here, and you can do
manual promotions. Promotions canalso be manually forced. Look for
the Force Promotion button on the rightside of the page.
USING THE MAVEN RELEASE PLUGIN
You can have Jenkins execute the Maven Release Plugin and deploy
to amaven repository by installing the M2 Release plugin. When
installed, youwill notice a new option, too, in the left navigation
bar. To make a release,click the Perform Maven Release link, and
the release conguration will beshown.
Configuring credentialsAt the Jenkins conguration page, you will
nd a new optionallowing you tocongure your repository information
and your credentials that will be usedby the M2 Release plugin to
make the releases.
MANAGING BUILD VERSION NUMBER
By default, Jenkins increments the build version by 1. If you
want to havea more custom version number (or string) for your job,
use the VersionNumber plugin. When installed, a new version will
show up in your jobconguration at the Build Environment section
named Create a formattedversion number.
This allows you to create an arbitrary version number string and
set anenvironment variable with it, suitable to be used as any
other environmentvariable. You can specify a number of variables to
be used in the nal string(see the examples by clicking the help
icon).
Resetting the build numberIf you wish to set the next build
number to an arbitrary number (ormaybe even reset it to 1), locate
your job directory, and modify the lenextBuildNumber. For example,
for a job named Jenkins, the path would be:
$JENKINS_HOME/jobs/Jenkins/nextBuildNumber
Afterwards, restart Jenkins or reload the conguration from disk
from theManagement menu.
CLAIMING A BROKEN BUILD
From time to time, someone breaks the build. Its inevitable.
When thishappens, someone needs to look into the build log and x
the error. Jenkinshas a nice plugin for this exact situation. The
Claim plugin, available fromthe Plugin Manager, hen installed, will
add a new Post Build Action that youcan use in your job
conguration.
Claiming a broken build serves two purposes: one is to explain
whathappened, and the other one is to take responsibility to x it,
and then tolet others know about it. When you claim a build, the
other developers willnotice it and they will expect you to x the
build, so they will carry on withother tasks.
When the plugin is enabled, and when your build breaks, it will
show a newoption in the build menu.
Clicking on the Claim link will display the text area where you
can write yourexcuses about how the build was broken.
FILE FINGERPRINTING
File Fingerprinting will let you create an MD5 sum for all
archived artifacts.Jenkins will automatically save into its db the
ngerprint of all thegenerated artifacts.
This is also useful for Jenkins so it can link downstream build
jobs toupstream ones. To have Jenkins save the ngerprint of the
generatedartifacts, look for the Record ngerprints of les to track
usage optionsinside the Post build Actions.
SECURING JENKINS
Authentication
Delegatetoservletcontainer:IfyouarerunningJenkinson
Glasssh,Tomcat,oranotherservletcontainer,youhavetheoptiontoletitmanageyourusersauthenticationforyou.
Jenkinsownuserdatabase:ThemostsimplewaytoauthenticateusersistoletJenkinshandleallthework.Userscanregisterthemselves(ifyouchecktheAllowuserstosignupcheckbox)andthenyoucandecidewhocandowhat.SometimesyouwillnoticeusersthatcantlogintoJenkinsbutstillshowupinthePeoplemenu.Thesearedisabledaccounts.Youcansetupapasswordforthembyclickingonthecongureoptiononceintheusercongurationscreen.NOTE:ItisrecommendedtousetheLDAPorActiveDirectorypluginstoconnectintotheenterpriseuserdatabaseoverthisoptioninanenterpriseenvironment.
LDAP:LotsofcompaniesuseLDAPasanauthenticationbackend,mostlybecauseActiveDirectorycanalsouseit.Ifyouchoosethisoption,somemoredatawillbedisplayed,whereyouwillneedtoentertheLDAPserverinformationandDNinformation.
Unixuser/groupdatabase:ThelastoptionwillletyouauthenticateyourusersagainstaPAMserviceinyourunixbox.Thishasadownside:youwillneedtocreatetheaccountsonyourunixmachinejusttolettheuserslogintoJenkins.
AuthorizationOnce you authenticate your users, you need to
authorize them to dowhatever they need to do. Right below the
authentication options, you willnd the authorization settings.
Anyonecandoanything:Thisisenoughformostinstallationswhereyoutrustyourusers.
MatrixBased:Ifyouwanttonetunewhatuserscando,thisisthewaytodoit.First,setupanonymousandadministratorpermissions:
The Anonymous user represents the users not logged in. You
should createthe admin user with User/group to add. It represents
your administratoruser, and should have access to do
everything.
Hot
Tip
Jenkins comes out o the box without any kind o security. This
isOK or intranet installations, but on public projects you would
wantto control who can edit your jobs confguration and/or trigger
builds,
etc. In the Jenkins confguration page, look or the Enable
Securitycheckbox. Activating it will show more options.
HotTip
Dont Deploy Directly rom Promotions It might be tempting to
makedeployments as actions or promotions, or example, by
copyingartiacts. This is not recommended, because you should never
trust
the workspace content ater a build is done. Instead, make
Jenkinsarchive the needed artiacts (and fngerprint them) and use
aseparate job to make the deploy that will run when the
promotionoccurs. In this way, you are relying on Jenkins to choose
the correctfles to include in the build.
HotTip
HotTip
HotTip
You could also use the plugin Next Build Number to change
thenext version number that Jenkins will use or a given job.
Sometimes you will notice users that cant login to Jenkins but
stillshow up in the People menu, these are disabled accounts. You
canset up a password or them by clicking on the confgure option
oncein the user confguration screen.
At the let navigation bar, you will notice the option Check
FileFingerprint, where you can give Jenkins a fle and ask it to
returnthe corresponding job and version that generated it.
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Project-Based Matrix configurationIt might be desirable to give
permissions based on the project. In thiscase, select the
Project-based Matrix Authorization Strategy. You can thendene the
generic permissions that will be overriden with the permissionsyou
dene in the job conguration page, where you will nd a new
option:Enable project-based security. This will show a new matrix
that will overridewhatever you have congured in the Jenkins
conguration page.
Lost your password?
CloudBees Roles-Based Access Control PluginThis is the most
sophisticated (and simple) plugin for authorization. Itallows users
to set up roles, assign groups to roles and assign users to
thegroups (Roles -> (Groups*) -> (Users*).
RBAC can use external groups (such as through LDAP) or it can
let adminscreate custom groups for Jenkins (admins do not need to
go to an ITadministrator to set up groups).
A matrix of checkboxes can be used to grant permissions for
specic rolesto jobs or folders. Permissions can be additive or
subtractive on the folderor jobs within those folders.
DISTRIBUTED BUILDS
If you have lots of jobs in your Jenkins installation, you might
want todistribute the work it takes to build them.
Use the cloud
Delivery of software products is spiky by nature. Commits and
buildactivities peak during the release phase of the product. Thus,
more slavescan be kicked off during peak usage. Teams can also use
the Amazon EC2plugin to offload their builds into the Amazon IaaS.
With this setup, teamsare responsible for management of masters and
slaves in the cloud.
Creating a NodeClick on the Manage Nodes option of the
conguration page. You willnotice the New Node option on the left
sidebar. Click on it to create a newnode, and enter the information
for the new node, mainly the name. Next,congure the node
settings:
#ofExecutors:Howmanyjobscanbebuiltonthisnodeatthesametime.
RemoveFSroot:WheretheJenkinsleswillbestoredintheremotenode,analogoustoJENKINS_HOME.
Labels:Customlabelsthatyouwanttoassigntothisnodeandothers,tocreategroupsofnodessuitabletobuildsomespecicjobs.
Usage:Youcansetthisnodetobuildanyjobsoronlytheonesspecicallytiedtoit.
Launching the Slave agent via SSHJenkins has an embedded SSH
client, which is very useful (in this particularcase) to make it
connect to the target machine, by providing the
connectioninformation and credentials, and run the slave agent
automatically.
Select the Launch slave agents on Unix machines via SSH option,
and ll inthe required information.
The node should then start right away as soon as you save the
nodeconguration.
Launching the Slave agent via Java Web StartAnother option is to
run the slave agent manually, via Java Web Start.Select the Launch
slave agents via the Java Web Start option. Then log into the
target machine, and use this command line:
javaws http://ip:port/computer/nodename/slave-agent.jnlpReplace
ip:port with the location of the master Jenkins node, and
replacenodename with the name of the node youve created (in this
case, forexample, it would be My new Node with spaces and without
the quotes).
Launching the Slave agent headlesslyYou can also run the slave
agent without a GUI, suitable to make itautomatically run at system
startup, by downloading:http://ip:port/jnlpJars/slave.jar
and then running:
java -jar slave.jar -jnlpUrl
http://ip:port/computer/nodename/slave-agent.jnlp
Configuring environment variablesYou can set any environment
variables needed in the slave node by settingthe node properties,
these will help you customize the build and maybedynamically
generate les or reports.
Configuring the slave node Java toolsIf the path for Maven, Ant,
and the JDK is different from the ones in themaster node, you can
set these in the Tool Locations section.Once the node is congured
and connected, you should see the new nodeQueue Status right below
the main build queue.
Restricting where jobs are builtYou can set (restrict) where a
job can be built right in your job congurationby choosing the
Restrict where this project can be run. A label expressionthat
allows boolean operators can be set, describing which nodes
canhandle this job. To see the complete list of available boolean
operators,click the help icon at the right.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
Note that plugins can add their own variables, so you might want
tocheck the documentation for each one of them if you are
interested. Anofcial list can be found at:
https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Building+a+software+project
Accessing variables from Ant
Accessing variables from Maven
${JOB_URL}
BEST PRACTICES WITH JENKINS: USING
ENTERPRISE PLUGINS
You can nd an ofcial list of best practices at:
https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Jenkins+Best+PracticesSecure
Jenkins
HotTip
HotTip
I you happen to lose your password and need to reset it, thereis
a solution. Open the fle confg.xml inside the Jenkins homedirectory
(specifed by JENKINS_HOME), and edit it, changinguseSecurityrom
true, to alse. Then restart Jenkins. You should beable to confgure
it without logging in. Change your password (and/or security
settings) as quick as possible and restart.
Jenkins nodes can be arranged in a master/slave ashion, where
themaster can delegate some builds to the slave nodes, allowing you
toscale in the number o jobs confgured in a given installation.
HotTip
A more advanced option is to use CloudBees DEV@cloud service
andlet CloudBees manage Jenkins masters and slaves, so teams
canjust ocus on development.
HotTip
Jenkins has a number o environment variables very useul
tocustomize the generated build and output build inormation. You
canuse these directly rom your own job and reporting tools.
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Securing JenkinsSecuring Jenkins starts with the assessment of
who should accessthe Jenkins master. The second step is to choose
the right underlyingauthentication mechanism (discussed
earlier).
Last, is to secure the right roles, groups and users. This
usually involvessettling on a flexible administration topology
where secure projects aresecure, can be spun off easily and can
administer themselves without toomuch intervention from a
uber-administrator.
Backup JenkinsBacking up and restoring is as easy as to copy
to/from the directoryspecied in JENKINS_HOME
With the CloudBees Backup plugin, creating a backup is as simple
ascreating a new job in Jenkins. Backups can be local or to a sftp
server.
Organize JobsUse the CloudBees folder to organize jobs into
folders. The plugin allowsyou to create nested hierarchies of
namespace aware jobs. Tie this withCloudBees RBAC plugin and you
can set sophisticated permissions onfolders. .
Capture best practices with the CloudBeesTemplates pluginA
signicant part of a Jenkins administrators time is spent
onboarding
projects. Most jobs differ by small number of parameters that
ideallyshould be templatized. These templates capture sameness of
jobsacross projects and can be used to easily on-board new
projects, jobs.Furthermore, a change in a template is automatically
and instantlypropagated into all jobs.
Shield repository from failures: Makebuilds unbreakableThe
validated merges (works with Git) or the unbreakable builds
featureallows only good commits to make through to the repository.
Commits aremade to an intermediate repository maintained by
Jenkins, who takes theonus of merging code with upstream branch,
run tests, and do the nalpush to the main repository. The developer
just res and forgets.
Eliminate Jenkins downtimeThe High Availability feature, offered
within Jenkins Enterprise by
CloudBees, eliminates downtime due to master failures. Multiple
Jenkinsmasters act as backups waiting for a primary master failure.
Once a failureis detected, a backup master automatically boots up
and acts as a failover.
Ensure plugin and binary complianceTeams often end up working
with different versions of plugins or binaries.This version
mismatch results in subtle failures in the application that
arediscovered late in the development cycle. The Custom Update
Centersplugin offered by CloudBees, allows administrators to create
their ownupdate centers, so they can upload plugins, specify the
version of the pluginthat is available to downstream Jenkins
instances, and more.
REFERENCES
Jenkins, the denitive guide book:
http://www.dzone.com/links/free_ebook_jenkins_the_denitive_guide_continuou.html
Jenkins with PHP Projects with Phing:
http://marcelog.github.com/articles/ci_jenkins_hudson_continuous_integration_php_phing.html
CloudBees Jenkins Enterprise User Guide:
http://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/view/Jenkins+Enterprise/Jenkins+User+Guide+and+Release+Notes
MarceloGornstein is a software developer by heart anda self
learner, with more than 15 years of experience (intotal) in
different languages, ranging from Assembly toJava, C, Php,
Ecmascript, Erlang, and Ruby. Hes the authorof different open
source software projects (mostly related
to VoIP) available at github and very passionate aboutbest
practices, and new technologies. He has been asystem administrator,
a software developer, lead developer,architect, and now a product
owner. In his free time helikes to read a lot, play with his cats
qwerty and dvorak,
learn new stuff, and develop more open source software (and from
time to time,write an article). You can nd more about him (his
projects and articles) at hispersonal
homepage:http://marcelog.github.com/
HarpreetSingh has 12 years of experience in the softwareindustry
in various roles. He came to CloudBees fromOracle where he was a
Senior Product Manager in theApplication Grid group - he helped
onboard GlassFishinto Oracle. He was at Sun Microsystems for 10
years in
various roles such as Group Product Marketing Managerleading
marketing efforts for Java EE 6, GlassFish 3.1 andmonetization
program for GlassFish Portfolio. He was
also the Product Manager for Hudson and launched it as a
supported productwithin Suns GlassFish Portfolio. In his prior
life, he was an engineer in the JavaEE RI, GlassFish teams and was
the technical lead for GlassFish 2.1. He has anMS degree in
Computer Science from University of Cincinnati and an MBA fromSanta
Clara University. He lives in the San Francisco Bay area with his
wife andtheir puppy.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Scala CollectionsJavaFX 2.0AndroidData Warehousing
http://www.dzone.com/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.dzone.com/links/free_ebook_jenkins_the_definitive_guide_continuou.htmlhttp://www.dzone.com/links/free_ebook_jenkins_the_definitive_guide_continuou.htmlhttp://marcelog.github.com/articles/ci_jenkins_hudson_continuous_integration_php_phing.htmlhttp://marcelog.github.com/articles/ci_jenkins_hudson_continuous_integration_php_phing.htmlhttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/view/Jenkins+Enterprise/Jenkins+User+Guide+and+Release+Noteshttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/view/Jenkins+Enterprise/Jenkins+User+Guide+and+Release+Noteshttp://marcelog.github.com/http://marcelog.github.com/http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://www.cloudbees.com/http://www.amazon.com/Jenkins-Definitive-John-Ferguson-Smart/dp/1449305350http://marcelog.github.com/http://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/view/Jenkins+Enterprise/Jenkins+User+Guide+and+Release+Noteshttp://wiki.cloudbees.com/bin/view/Jenkins+Enterprise/Jenkins+User+Guide+and+Release+Noteshttp://marcelog.github.com/articles/ci_jenkins_hudson_continuous_integration_php_phing.htmlhttp://marcelog.github.com/articles/ci_jenkins_hudson_continuous_integration_php_phing.htmlhttp://www.dzone.com/links/free_ebook_jenkins_the_definitive_guide_continuou.htmlhttp://www.dzone.com/links/free_ebook_jenkins_the_definitive_guide_continuou.htmlmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.dzone.com/http://www.dzone.com/http://www.refcardz.com/http://www.refcardz.com/
