Italian Lessons – Volume 1img2.tapuz.co.il/forums/76318801.pdfPage 2 Compiled by 1. Some Basic Phrases Top Buongiorno bwon-zhor-no Hello/Good day Buona sera/notte bwoh-nah seh-rah/noht-teh

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Compiled by www.Italian-Link.com

Italian Lessons – Volume 1

1. Some Basic Phrases

2. Pronunciation

3. Alphabet

4. Articles and Demonstratives

5. Useful Words

6. Subject Pronouns

7. To Be and to Have

8. Question Words

9. Numbers / Ordinals

10. Days of the Week

11. Months of the Year

12. Seasons

13. Directions

14. Color

15. Time

16. Weather

17. Family and Animals

18. To Know People and Facts

19. Formation of Plural Nouns

19a. Possessive Adjectives

20. To Do or Make

21. Work and School

22. Prepositions

23. Prepositional Contractions

24. Countries and Nationalities

25. To / In and From places

26. To Come and to Go

27. Conjugating Regular Verbs

28. Reflexive Verbs

29. Irregularities in Regular Verbs

30. Past Indefinite Tense

31. Irregular Past Participles

32. Essere Verbs

33. Food and Meals

34. Piacere and Servire

35. Fruits, Vegetables, Meats

36. To Take, Eat or Drink

37. Commands

38. More Negatives

39. Holiday PhrasesItalian National Anthem

Recommended Links for Learning Italian

“Linking you to the world of Italy” /www.Italian-Link.comlian-Link.com

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1. Some Basic Phrases Top

Buongiornobwon-zhor-noHello/Good day

Buona sera/nottebwoh-nah seh-rah/noht-tehGood evening/night

A più tardiah pyoo tar-deeSee you later

A domaniah doh-mahn-eeSee you tomorrow

A prestoah press-toSee you soon

Arrivederciah-ree-vuh-dehr-cheeGoodbye

Per favorepehr fah-voh-rehPlease

Graziegraht-zee-ehThank you

Pregopreh-goYou're Welcome

Mi dispiacemee dee-spyah-chehSorry

Mi scusimee skoo-zeeExcuse me

Andiamo!on-dee-ah-moLet's go!

Sì/Nosee/nohYes/No

Come si chiama?koh-meh see kee-ah-mah

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What is your name?

Mi chiamo...mee kee-ah-moMy name is...

Signore, Signora, Signorinaseen-yoh-reh, seen-yoh-rah, seen-yoh-reen-ahMister, Misses, Miss

Dove abita?doh-veh ah-bee-tahWhere do you live?

Di dov'è?dee doh-vehWhere are you from?

Abito negli Stati Uniti.ah-bee-to neh-lyee stah-tee oo-nee-teeI live in the United States.

Vengo dagli Stati Uniti.vehn-go dah-lyee stah-tee oo-nee-teeI come from the United States.

Come sta?koh-meh stahHow are you?

Sto bene.stoh beh-nehI am fine.

Parla italiano?par-lah ee-tahl-ee-ah-noDo you speak Italian?

[Non] parlo...[non] par-loI [don't] speak...

inglese, francese, tedesco, russo, spagnoloeen-gleh-zeh, frahn-chez-eh, teh-des-koh, roo-soh, spahn-yoh-lohEnglish, French, German, Russian, Spanish

[Non] capisco.[non] kah-pees-kohI [don't] understand.

Non so. / Lo so.non soh / low sohI don't know. / I know.

Quanti anni ha?kwahn-tee ahn-nee ahHow old are you?

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Ho ______ anni.oh ______ ahn-neeI am _____ years old.

Ti amo.tee ah-mohI love you.

2. Pronunciation Top

Italian Letter(s) English Sounda ahe ehi eeo ohu ooai eyeau owei ayia yahie yehio yohiu yooua wahue wehuo wohui weeci or ce chgi or ge zhsci shsch skaia ah-yahaio ah-yohiei ee-yayuio oo-yohuoi oo-oych kh silentr trilled

Note: Italian is a very phonetic language, so pronunciation is very easy. Most words are pronouncedexactly like they are spelled.

3. Alphabet Top

a ah b bee c chee d dee e eh f eff-eh g zhee h ahk-kahi ee

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l ehl-eh m ehm-eh n ehn-eh o oh p peeq koor ehr-rehs ehs-seht theu oov vooz dzeh-tah

Foreign Letters

j ee loon-gahk kahp-pahy ee greh-kah (or) eep-see-lohnw dohp-pyah voox eeks

4. Definite and Indefinite Articles and Demonstratives Top

Definite Article – The

Masculine Feminineil eel sing., before consonantslo low sing., before z, gn, or s + cons.la lah sing., before consonantsl' l sing., before vowels l' l sing., before vowelsi ee plural, before consonantsgli lyee plural, before vowels, z, gn, or s + cons.le leh plural, before consonants and vowels

Indefinite Articles - A, an, some

Masculine Feminineun oon before consonant or vowel una oonahbefore consonants

A, Anuno oon-oh before z, gn, or s + consonant un' oon before vowels

dei day before consonants

Somedegli dehlyeebefore vowels, z, gn, or s +cons.

delle dell-eh before vowels andconsonants

Demonstratives - This, that, these, and those

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This and theseThis TheseMasc. questo questi before a consonantquest' questi before a vowelFem. questa queste before a consonantquest' queste before a vowel

That and thoseThat ThoseMasc. quel quei before a consonantquell' quegli before a vowelquello quegli before z, gn, or s + consonantFem. quella quelle before a consonantquell' quelle before a vowel

Note: If you use that and those as a subject, use these four forms: quello for masculine singular,quella for feminine singular, quelli for masculine plural, and quelle for feminine plural.

5. Useful WordsTop

and e ehor o ohbut ma mahwhile mentre mehn-trehif se sehbecause perché pehr-kayalthough benché behn-kaythere is C'è chehthere are Ci sono chee soh-nohthere was C'era che-rahthere were C'erano che-rah-nonow adesso, ora ah-deh-so, oh-rahperhaps, maybe forse for-sehthen allora ahl-loh-rahhere is ecco ehk-koh

6. Subject Pronouns Top

io ee-oh I noi noy wetu too you (familiar singular) voi voy you (plural)lui, lei lwee/lay he, she, you (polite sing.) loro loh-roh they, you (polite pl.)Note: The Lei form is generally used for you (singular), instead of tu, unless you're referring to kids oranimals. Loro can also mean "you," but only in very polite situations.

7. To Be and to HaveTop

Essere - to beI am sono soh-noh We are siamo see-ah-mohYou are sei say You are siete see-eh-teh

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He/she/it is è eh They are sono soh-nohNote: You do not have to use the subject pronouns as the different conjugations imply the subject.

Past and Future of EssereI was ero we were eravamo I will be sarò we will be saremoyou were eri you were eravate you will be sarai you will be saretehe/she/it is era they were erano he/she/it will be sarà they will be saranno

Avere - to haveI have ho oh We have abbiamo ahb-bee-ah-moYou have hai eye You have avete ah-veh-tehHe/she has ha ah They have hanno ahn-noh

Past and Future of AvereI had avevo we had avevamo I will have avrò we will have avremoyou had avevi you had avevate you will have avrai you will have avretehe/she/it had aveva they had avevano he/she/it will have avrà they will have avrannoAvere is used with many idioms and expressions that normally use the verb to be in English:

avere fame - to be hungryavere sete - to be thirstyavere caldo - to be warmavere freddo - to be coldavere fretta - to be in a hurryavere paura - to be afraidavere ragione - to be rightavere sonno - to be sleepyavere bisogno di - to needavere (number) anni - to be (number) years old

8. Question WordsTop

Who Chi keeWhat Che cosa keh koh-sahWhy Perché pehr-kehWhen Quando kwahn-dohWhere Dove doh-vehHow Come koh-mehHow much Quanto kwahn-toh

Note: When dove, come, and quale are followed by è (is), dove and come contract to dov'è andcom'è; and quale drops its e to become qual è.

9. Numbers / OrdinalsTop

0 zero dzeh-roh1 uno oo-noh2 due doo-eh3 tre treh4 quattro kwaht-troh5 cinque cheen-kweh6 sei say

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7 sette seht-teh8 otto aw-toh9 nove naw-vay10 dieci dee-ay-chee11 undici oon-dee-chee12 dodici doh-dee-chee13 tredici treh-dee-chee14 quattordici kwaht-tohr-dee-chee15 quindici kween-dee-chee16 sedici seh-dee-chee17 diciassette dee-chahs-seht-teh18 diciotto dee-choht-toh19 diciannove dee-chahn-noh-veh20 venti vehn-tee21 ventuno vehn-too-noh22 ventidue vehn-tee-doo-eh30 trenta trehn-tah40 quaranta kwah-rahn-tah50 cinquanta cheen-kwahn-tah60 sessanta sehs-sahn-tah70 settanta seht-tahn-tah80 ottanta oh-tahn-tah90 novanta noh-vahn-tah100 cento chehn-toh

Note: When you have a word that ends in a vowel, like venti, and another word that begins with avowel, like uno; the first word loses its vowel when putting the two words together. Venti (20) and uno(1) make ventuno (21). One exception is cento; it does not lose its vowel. Cento (100) and uno (1)make centouno (101). And be aware that Italian switches the use of commas and decimals.

Ordinal Numbers

firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwentiethhundredth

primo (a)secondo (a)terzo (a)quarto (a)quinto (a)sesto (a)settimo (a)ottavo (a)nono (a)decimo (a)undicesimo (a)ventesimo (a)centesimo (a)

From eleventh on, just drop the final vowel of the cardinal number and add -esimo. For numbers likevenitrè, trentatrè, add -esimo but do not drop the final e. Ordinal numbers are adjectives and mustagree with the nouns they modify; -o is the masculine ending, -a is the feminine ending.

10. Days of the WeekTop

Monday lunedì loo-neh-deeTuesday martedì mahr-teh-dee

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Wednesday mercoledì mehr-koh-leh-deeThursday giovedì zhoh-veh-deeFriday venerdì veh-nehr-deeSaturday sabato sah-bah-tohSunday domenica doh-men-ee-kah

Yesterday ieri yer-eeToday oggi ohd-jeeTomorrow domani doh-mahn-eeDay il giorno eel zhor-noh

Note: To say on Mondays, on Tuesdays, etc., use il before lunedì through sabato, and la beforedomenica.

11. Months of the YearTop

January gennaio jehn-nah-yohFebruary febbraio fehb-brah-yohMarch marzo mar-tsohApril aprile ah-pree-lehMay maggio mahd-johJune giugno joo-nyohJuly luglio loo-lyohAugust agosto ah-goh-stohSeptember settembre seht-tehm-brehOctober ottobre oht-toh-brehNovember novembre noh-vehm-brehDecember dicembre dee-chem-breh

Week la settimana lah sett-ee-mah-nahMonth il mese eel meh-zehYear l'anno lahn-noh

Note: Days and months are not capitalized. To express the date, use È il (number) (month). May 5thwould be È il 5 or cinque maggio. But for the first of the month, use primo instead of 1 or uno.

12. SeasonsTop

Summer l'estate leh-stah-tehFall l'autunno low-toon-nohSpring la primavera lah pree-mah-veh-rahWinter l'inverno leen-vehr-noh

Note: To say in the (season), just use in. In estate is in the summer, in primavera is in spring.D'estate and d'inverno can also be used instead of in estate or in inverno.

13. DirectionsTop

North nord nohrd East est estSouth sud sood West ovest oh-vest

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14. ColorTop

white bianco/ayellow giallo/aorange arancionepink rosared rosso/alight blue azzurro/adark blue blugreen verdebrown marronegrey grigio/ablack nero/a

Note: The first word is the masculine form and the second is the feminine. Ex: Rosso is masculineand rossa is feminine. Color words go after the noun.

15. TimeTop

What time is it? Che ora è? / Che ore sono? keh oh-rah eh / keh o-reh soh-nohIt's 1:00 È l'una eh loo-nahnoon mezzogiornio med-zoh-zhor-nohmidnight mezzanotte med-zah-noh-teh2:00 Sono le due soh-noh leh doo-eh3:10 Sono le tre e dieci soh-noh leh treh eh dee-ay-chee4:50 Sono le cinque meno dieci soh-noh leh cheen-kwah meh-noh dee-ay-chee8:15 Sono le otto e un quarto soh-noh leh awt-toh eh oon kwar-toh7:45 Sono le otto meno un quarto soh-noh leh aw-toh meh-noh un kwar-toh1:30 È l'una e mezza eh loo-nah eh med-zah6:30 Sono le sei e mezzo soh-noh leh say-ee eh med-zohsharp in punto een poon-tohin the morning di mattina dee maht-teen-ahin the afternoon del pomeriggio dell poh-mehr-ee-zhee-ohin the evening di sera dee seh-rahat night di notte dee noht-the

16. WeatherTop

What's the weather today? Che tempo fa oggi?It's nice Fa bel tempobad Fa brutto temporaining Piovesnowing Nevicacold Fa freddocool Fa frescohot Fa caldofreezing Fa un freddo gelidocloudy È nuvolosofoggy C'è la nebbia

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sunny C'è il solewindy Tira ventohumid È umidomuggy È afosostormy Il tempo è burrascosothundering Tuona

17. Family and AnimalsTop

Family la famiglia dog il caneParents i genitori cat il gattoMother la madre bird il uccelloFather il padre mouse il topoSon il figlio rabbit il coniglioDaughter la figlia horse il cavalloBrother il fratello cow la muccaSister la sorella donkey l'asinoGrandfather il nonno goat la capraGrandmother la nonna sheep la pecoraGrandson/nephew il nipote goose l'ocaGranddaughter/niece la nipote duck l'anatraUncle lo zio pig il maialeAunt la zia hen la gallinaCousin (m) il cugino deer il cervoCousin (f) la cuginaHusband il maritoWife la moglie

18. To Know People and FactsTop

Conoscere-to know, be acquainted with Sapere-to know (facts)conosco conosciamo so sappiamoconosci conoscete sai sapeteconosce conoscono sa sannoNote: Conoscere is used when you know people and places. It is conjugated regularly. Sapere isused when you know facts. Sapere followed by an infinitive means to know how.

19. Formation of Plural NounsTop

If a word is masculine singular, change the last letter to an i. If a word is feminine singular, change thelast letter to an e if it ends in a, or if it ends in e, change it to an i.Singular to Plural NounsMasculine-o -i-a -i-e -iFeminine-a -e-e –i

Note: Some nouns ending in -co and -go may or may not insert an h before changing the o to i.

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There is no gerneral rule for it. All nouns ending in -ca and -ga insert an h before changing the a to e.Nouns ending in an accented vowel do not change for the plural. (la città (city) becomes le città)There are some masculine nouns that end -a, and these nouns change the -a to -i in the plural: ilprogramma, il poeta, il pianete, il pilota, il poema, il sistema. The plural of l'uomo (man) is gli uomini,while the plural of la mano (hand) is le mani.

19a. Possessive AdjectivesTop

Masc. Sing. Fem. Sing. Masc. Pl. Fem. Pl.my il mio la mia i miei (myeh-ee) le mieyour il tuo la tua i tuoi (twoh-ee) le tuehis/her il suo la sua i suoi (swoh-ee) le sueour il nostro la nostra i nostri le nostreyour il vostro la vostra i vostri le vostretheir il loro la loro i loro le loro

Note: You may leave off the il and la before family relation words in the singular. All other times, youmust use them. Notice that loro does not change.

20. To Do or MakeTop

Fare-to do / makefaccio fah-cho facciamo fah-chah-mohfai fah-ee fate fah-tehfa fah fanno fahn-nohIdomatic expressions used with fare:fare una domanda - to ask a questionfare un viaggio - to take a tripfare un bagno - to take a bathfare una passeggiata - to take a walkfare attenzione - to pay attentionfare un piacere - to do a favorfare una conferenza - to give a lecturefare (profession) - to be a (profession)

21. Work and SchoolTop

architectauthorbankerwaiterwaitresssaleswomansalesmanaccountantdoctor (m)doctor (f)musicianbarber

l'architettol'autoreil banchiereil camerierela camerierala commessail commessoil contabileil dottorela dottoressail/la musicistail barbiere

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teacher (m)teacher (f)professor (m)professor (f)hair stylist (m)hair stylist (f)secretary (m)secretary (f)soldierjournalistoffice worker (m)office worker (f)biologychemistryeconomicsphilosophyphysicsgeographyforeign languagesmathematicsmedicineaccountinghistory

il maestrola maestrail professorela professoressail parrucchierela parruchierail segretariola segretariail soldatoil/la giornalistal'impiegatol'impiegatala biologiala chimical'economiala filosofiala fisicala geografiala lingua stranierala matematicala medicinala ragioneriala storia

22. PrepositionsTop

for perbeside accantoahead avantiamong fra dibefore prima diagainst controover sopraunder sottowith conwithout senzaacross attraversoafter dopoduring duranteexcept eccettotoward verso

23. Prepositional ContractionsTop

il lo l' la i gli lea at, to al allo all' alla ai agli alleda from, by dal dallo dall' dalla dai dagli dalledi of del dello dell' della dei degli dellein in nel nello nell' nella nei negli nellesu on sul sullo sull' sulla sui sugli sullecon with col collo coll' colla coi cogli colle

Note: The only contractions for con that are still used nowadays are col and coi. But even thesecontractions are optional.

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24. Countries and NationalitiesTop

l'Australia Australia australiano Australianil Canada Canada canadese Canadianla Cina China cinese Chinesela Francia France francese Frenchla Germania Germany tedesco Germanl'Inghilterra England inglese Englishla Gran Bretagna Great Britain britannico Britishl'Italia Italy italiano Italianil Giappone Japan giapponese Japaneseil Messico Mexico messicano Mexicanla Russia Russia russo Russianla Spagna Spain spagnolo Spanishgli Stati Uniti United States statunitense Americanla Svizzera Switzerland svizzero Swissl'Austria Austria austriaco Austrianla Polonia Poland polacco Polishil Belgio Belgium belga Belgianla Norvegia Norway norvegese Norwegianla Svezia Sweden svedese Swedishla Danimarca Denmark danese Danishi Paesi Bassi Netherlands olandese Dutchla Finlandia Finland finlandese Finlander

Note: The adjective americano usually refers to someone living anywhere in the American continent,but many people do use it to mean a person from the United States, instead of statunitense.

25. To and From PlacesTop

To FromCountry (sing) in da (+ contraction)Country (plural) negli da (+ contraction)City a da

26. To Come and to GoTop

Venire-to comevengo vehn-goh veniamo ven-ee-ah-mohvieni vee-en-ee venite ven-ee-tehviene vee-en-eh vengono ven-goh-nohVengo a scuola in macchina. I come to school by car. (It's a scuola instead of alla scuola because it's an idiom.)To make a verb negative, add non before it: Non vengo a scuola in macchina. I don't come toschool by car.

Andare-to govado vah-doh andiamo ahn-dee-ah-mohvai vah-ee andate ahn-dah-tehva vah vanno vahn-noh

Other verbs conjugated in the same pattern as venire are:

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avvenire - to happen, to occurconvenire - to convenedivenire - to becomeprovenire - to come from, to proceedsovvenire - to helpsvenire - to faint

Tenere (to keep) verbs are conjuaged very similarly to venire too, except the voi form ends in -eteinstead of -ite:appartenere - to belongcontenere - to containintrattenere - to entertainmantenere - to maintainottenere - to obtainritenere - to retainsostenere - to sustain, to supporttrattenere - to withhold, to detain

27. Conjugating Regular VerbsTop

To conjugate regular verbs, take off the last three letters (-are, -ere, or -ire) and add these endings tothe stem:

Regular Verb Endings-are -ere 1st -ire 2nd –ire

-o -iamo -o -iamo -o -iamo -isco -iamo-i -ate -i -ete -i -ite -isci -ite-a -ano -e -ono -e -ono -isce –iscono

Regular Verbs-are 1st -ireparlare to speak dormire to sleepcantare to sing partire to leavearrivare to arrive sentire to hearabitare to live aprire to openamare to love offrire to offerascoltare to listen (to) servire to servecominciare to begindomandare to askgiocare to play (a game/sport)guardare to look (at)/watchimparare to learninsegnare to teachlavorare to workmangiare to eatpensare to thinkstudiare to study

-ere 2nd -irescrivere to write finire to finishvedere to see capire to understandcredere to believe preferire to preferconoscere to know/be acquainted with colpire to hitleggere to read costruire to buildmettere to put pulire to clean

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perdere to lose sparire to disappearprendere to takerispondere to answerscendere to go down/get offvendere to sellvivere to live

Sample Regular VerbParlare-to speakparlo parliamoparli parlateparla parlano

Note: The present tense and the preposition da may be used to describe an action which began in thepast and is still continuing in the present. The present perfect tense is used in English to convey thissame concept.

Da quanto tempo Lei studia l'italiano? How long have you been studying Italian?Studio l'italiano da due anni. I've been studying Italian for two years.

28. Reflexive VerbsTop

Reflexive verbs express actions performed by the subject on the subject. These verbs are conjugatedlike regular verbs, but a reflexive pronoun precedes the verb form. This pronoun always agrees withthe subject. In the infinitive form, reflexive verbs have -si attached to them with the final e dropped.Lavare is to wash, therefore lavarsi is to wash oneself. (Note that some verbs are reflexive in Italian,but not in English.)

Reflexive Pronounsmi citi visi siIo mi lavo. I wash myself.Noi ci alziamo presto. We get up early.The plural reflexive pronouns (ci, vi, si) can also be used with non-reflexive verbs to indicate areciprocal action. These verbs are called reciprocal verbs.Ci scriviamo ogni settimana. We write to each other every week.Vi vedete spesso? Do you see each other often?

29. Irregularities and Regular VerbsTop

Verbs ending in -care and -gare add an h before the -i and -iamo endings to keep the hard sound.Verbs ending in -ciare and -giare do not repeat the i in front of the -i ending.cercare - to look for cominciare - to startcerco cerchiamo comincio cominciamocerchi cercate cominci cominciatecerca cercano comincia cominciano

30. Past Indefinite TenseTop

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To form the past tense (something happened, something has happened, or something did happen),conjugate avere or sometimes essere and add the past participle. To form the past participle, addthese endings to the appropriate stem of the infinitives:-are -ato-ere -uto-ire –ito

Verbs that can take a direct object are generally conjugated with avere. Verbs that do not take a directobject (generally verbs of movement) are conjugated with essere and their past participle must agreein gender and number with the subject. Avere uses avere as its auxiliary verb, while essere usesessere as its auxiliary verb. Negative sentences with the past indefinite tense are formed by placingnon in front of the auxiliary verb.

Io ho visitato Roma. I visited Rome.Tu non hai visitato gli Stati Uniti. You didn't visit the United States.Abbiamo consciuto due ragazze. We met two girls.Maria è andata in Italia. Maria went to Italy. (Note the agreement of the past participle with thesubject.)

31. Irregular Past ParticiplesTop

fare fattoaprire (to open) apertobere (to drink) bevutochiedere (to ask) chiestochiudere (to close) chiusoconoscere conosciutocoprire (to cover) copertodare datodire dettoleggere lettomettere (to put) messooffrire (to offer) offertoperdere (to lose) perso (or perduto)prendere presorispondere (to answer) rispostoscrivere (to write) scrittosoffrire (to suffer) soffertospendere (to spend) spesovedere (to see) visto (or veduto)vivere (to live) vissutoscendere (to go down) scesorompere (to break) rotto

Sample Avere VerbAvere-to haveho avuto abbiamo avutohai avuto avete avutoha avuto hanno avutoNote: Ho avuto means I have, I have had, or I did have.

32. Essere VerbsTop

arrivare arrive

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andare gouscire go outentrare entercostare costvenire (venuto) comeessere (stato) bepartire leavestare (stato) stay, besparire disappeartornare come back/returnThese verbs that are conjugated with essere must agree with the subject. Irregular past participles arein parentheses.

Sample Essere VerbAndare-to gosono andato/a siamo andati/esei andato/a siete andati/eè andato/a sono andati/eNote: Sono andato means I went, I was going, or I did go. Remember that -o is masculine and -a isfeminine. The -i ending indicates all males or males and females; whereas the -e ending indicatesonly females.

33. Food and MealsTop

breakfast la prima colazione tea il tèlunch la colazione bread il panedinner il pranzo salt il salefork la forchetta pepper il pepespoon il cucchiaio steak la bisteccaknife il coltello cake la tortaplate il piatto chicken il pollonapkin la salvietta coffee il caffècup la tazza fish il pesceglass il bicchiere french fries la patate fritteice il ghiaccio soup il brodosaucer il piattino jam la marmellatadessert il dolce rice il risoice cream il gelato salad l'insalata

34. Piacere and ServireTop

Piacere - to like and Servire - to needpiaccio piacciamo servo serviamopiaci piacete servi servitepiace piacciono serve servono

Piacere (a) literally means "to be pleasing," so to form a sentence you have to invert the word order.You must also use the prepositional contractions with a.

Maria piace a Giovanni. John likes Mary. (Literally: Mary is pleasing to John)Gli studenti piacciono ai professori. The teachers like the students. (Literally: The students arepleasing to the teachers).

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The most common forms are the third person singular and plural when used with object pronouns. Theobject pronouns that are used with these two verbs are somewhat similar to the reflexive pronouns:

mi I (to me) ci we (to us)ti you (to you) vi you (to you)gli / le he / she (to him / her) gli they (to them)So to say I like something, use Mi piace if it is singular and Mi piacciono if it is plural.Mi piace il calcio. I like soccer.Mi piacciono i treni. I like trains.

Servire has the same construction as piacere. It is also used primarily in the third person singular andplural forms and takes an indirect object.

Ti servono della frutta? Do you need any fruit? (Literally: By you is needed some fruit?)Il pane serve a Marco. Marco needs the bread. (Literally: The bread is needed by Marco.)

35. Fruits, Vegetables and MeatsTop

fruitapricotpineapplewatermelonorangebananacherrystrawberrycucumberonionbeanmushroomlettuce (salad)eggplantolivepotatoraspberrylimelemonapplepearpeachplumgrapevegetablesbroccolicarrotcauliflowercabbageceleryspinachzucchinimeatlambgoatrabbitliver

la fruttal'albicoccal'ananassol'anguria (il cocomero)l'aranciala bananala ciliegiala fragolail cetriolola cipollail fagioloil fungol'insalatala melanzanal'olivala patatail lamponela limettail limonela melala perala pescala prugna (la susina)l'uvai legumii broccolila carotail cavolfioreil cavoloil sedanogli spinacigli zucchinila carnel'agnelloil caprettoil coniglioil fegato

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porkbeefbaconhamveal

il maialeil manzola pancettail prosciuttoil vitello

36. To Take, Eat or DrinkTop

Prendere - to take, eat or drink and Bere - to drinkprendo prendiamo bevo beviamoprendi prendete bevi beveteprende prendono beve bevono

Note: You must express some in Italian even though we leave it out in English. Use the propercontractions from the top of the page. Or you can use un po' di, which literally means a little bit. Bereis only used to mean to drink when it is used in the general sense, as is mangiare - to eat.

37. CommandsTop

-are -ere -iretu form (sing. fam.) -a -i -i/-isciLei form (sing. pol.) -i -a -a/-iscavoi form (pol. pl.) -ate -ete -itenoi form (Let's ...) -iamo -iamo -iamoNote: To make a command negative, add non before the command. Except for the singular familiarcommands, when you use non and the infinitive.

Irregular Commandsandare venire fare dare dire essere avere stare (to be, stay)sing. fam. va' vieni fa' da' di' sii abbi sta'sing. pol. vada venga faccia dia dica sia abbia stiaplural andate venite fate date dite siate abbiate stateLet's andiamo veniamo facciamo diamo diciamo siamo abbiamo stiamo

38. More NegativesTop

non...mai nevernon...più no longer, no morenon...niente nothingnon...nessuno nobodynon...neanche not evennon...nè...nè neither...norNote: The non goes before the verb and the second part goes after. I have nothing. Non ho niente.

39. Holiday PhrasesTop

Buon Anno! Happy New Year!Buona Pasqua! Happy Easter!

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Buon Compleanno! Happy Birthday!Buon Natale! Merry Christmas!Buone Feste! Happy Holidays!

The Italian National Anthem: Inno di Mameli

by Goffredo MameliFratelli d'Italia, l'Italia s'è desta,Dell'elmo di Scipio s'è cinta la testa.Dov'è la vitoria? Le porga la chioma,Ché schiava di Roma Iddio la creò.Stringiamci a coorte, siam pronti alla morte,siam pronti alla morte, l'Italia chiamò. Sì!

Rough Translation-

Italian brothers, Italy has arisen,Has put on the helmet of Scipio,Where is victory?Created by GodThe slave of Rome,She crowns you with glory.Let us unite,We are ready to die,Italy calls.

Highly recommended resources for learning ItalianTop

Pimsleur Method – great audio CD’s you can listen to in the carhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0743509552

501 Italian Verbs – The meat and potatoes of every language is knowing verbshttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0764113488/qid%3D1069611255/sr%3D1-1

Italian-English Dictionaryhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0139536396/qid%3D1069611332/sr%3D1-1

Italy Hotels, B&B, villas, etc.

Need a hotel in Italy? Excellent site for finding the right hotel for your trip.http://www.venere.com/cgi/ihr/vcom/country.php?ref=8528&country=Italy

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0743509552

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0743509552

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=italianlink-20&path=tg/detail/-/0764113488/qid%3D1069611255/sr%3D1-1




http://www.venere.com/cgi/ihr/vcom/country.php?ref=8528&country=Italy

Documents

Italian Lessons – Volume 1img2.tapuz.co.il/forums/76318801.pdfPage 2 Compiled by 1. Some Basic Phrases Top Buongiorno bwon-zhor-no Hello/Good day Buona sera/notte bwoh-nah seh-rah/noht-teh