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Irregular Preterite. It’s flipping hard!. Box A verbs. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Irregular PreteriteIt’s flipping hard!
Box A verbsIt includes the Preterite/Past Tense of 12 verbs: andar (to walk) anduv-, caber (to fit) cup-, decir (to say) dij-, estar (to be-temporary) estuv-, hacer (to do/make) hic-, poder (to be able to) pud-, poner (to put) pus-, querer (to want) quis-, saber ( to know) sup-, traer (to bring) traj-, tener (to have) tuv-, and venir (to come) vin-, as you can see they all have irregular stems. They use a combination of AR/ER/IR ending with NO ACCENT MARKS.
Box A verbsThe verb hacer which in the Preterite/Past Tense is hic- changes the “c” for a “z” in the él, ella. Ud. form.
We drop the letter “i” in (ellos/ellas/Uds.) –(i)eron for ther Preterite/Past of decir “dij-” and traer “traj-”.
Ex: Yo hice, but Ud. hizo
Ex: Ellos dijeron or trajeron
Box A verbs
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
anduv-cup-dij-
estuv-hic*-
Box A verbs
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
pud-pus-quis-sup-traj*-
Box A verbs
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
tuv-vin-
Yo
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
anduv-andar-
Tú
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
cup-caber-
Mis Padres
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
dij-decir-
eron
(i)
Ud.
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
estuv-estar-
Samantha (Ella)
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
hic*-
hi -cz
hacer-
Nosotros
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
pud-poder-
Vosotros
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
pus-poner-
Tú
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
quis-querer-
Travone
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
sup-saber-
Uds.
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
traj-traer-
eron
(i)
Vosotros
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
tuv-tener-
Katyana
eisteo
imosisteis(i)ero
n
vin-venir-
Box B verbsThis box includes Preterite/past of 2 verbs SER (to be permanent) and IR (to go).
As you can see, SER & IR use the same irregular forms in the Preterite/past tense. You’ll have to use context clues to decide which meaning is used.
fuifuistefue
fuimosfuisteisfueron
No A
ccent Marks!
Box C verbsThis box includes only 2 verbs DAR (to give) and VER (to see). All you need to do is drop the -AR and –ER and use regular ER/IR endings without accent marks.
ARV
iisteio
imosisteisieron
DER
ddd
ddd
vvv
vvv
Box D VerbsThis box includes
Preterite/past of all verbs that end in IR and have a stem
change (o-ue, e-ie, e - i) in the present tense.
Box D verbsUse regular ER/IR preterit/past
endings.
Change the o – u or e – i, in the el, ella, Ud. ellos, ellas, Uds. forms only.
DO NOT change o – ue or e – ie those are present tense changes only!!
Box D verbsWhich of the following are IR stem changing verbs??
navegarvenderenviardormirsalir
vivirdespertarseacostarsevestirsecomer
Box D verbs
íiste*ió
imosisteis*ierone-i
o-ue-io-u
Use regular endings!!! 3rd person has a change in the stem!!
Box D verbsThese are the most common box D verbs.
Learn them, these verbs have irregularities in many other parts of
speech!!Dormir – to sleep vestirse – to get dressedSentirse – to feel repetir – to repeatPedir – to ask for divertirse – to have funMorir – to die (son)reír – to smile/laugh
Box D verbs
dormídormistedormió
dormimosdormisteisdormieron
Lets conjugate a box D verb!!Dormir
What’s missing? Do I change the o-u or e-i and which forms have the change???
u u
Box D verbs
pedípedistepedió
pedimospedisteispedieron
Now let’s do another one!! Pedir
What’s missing? Change the e-i or o- u and which forms???
i i
Box E verbsIt’s a vowel sandwich!!!
Vowel
Vowel
Vowel
Vowel
For verbs that have 2 vowels in a row in the infinitive (o 2 vocales juntos ) like
CREER and CAERChange the ‘I’ to a ‘Y’ in the
UD./ÉL/ELLA & UDS./ELLOS/ELLAS forms
ONLY
Box E verbs
Vowel
Vowel
The other change that must happen is that accent marks are placed on the “I” if it is the first letter of the ending:
Now lets see how the endings work- I Y; and accents on the other “I”s
Box E verbs
Regular ER/IR Endings BOX E Endingsí í
ísteisteyóió
ímosimosísteisisteisyeronieron
Box E verbsCa CaCa CaCa Ca
íísteyó
ímosísteisyeron
Cre CreCre CreCre Cre
CA
ERC
REE
R íísteyó
ímosísteisyeron
Box E verbsCommon Box E Verbs:
CaerConstruir / Reconstruir
CreerDestribuirDestruirEstinguirExcluirIncluirLeerOír
Substituir
Box F verbsThis applies only to verbs that end in –CAR, -GAR, -ZAR.Only the YO form is irregular
empepasacar gar zar
sacastesacó
sacamos
sacasteissacaron
pagastepagó
pagamospagasteispagaron
empezaste
empezó
empezamos
empezasteis
empezaron
qué gué céAll other forms have no problemsAccents in YO and ÉL formsUse regular preterite –AR endings
Box A verbs
e