IP Subnet Workbook

11111110

101010010001111100

10111001010111001011000111010011011110100011010000010100101100101001010101100111111101010100010111010011010100110010100101010101010101000110010010101001011000110101100011010110101000010110010101001101001010010

1001100001

0111010011

10000110

1001010100011011

001IP Addressing

andSubnetting

Workbook

Instructor’s Edition

Version 1.5

IP Address Classes

Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Class B 128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Class C 192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0

Network . Host . Host . Host

Network . Network . Host . Host

Network . Network . Network . Host

Inside Cover

Produced by: Robb [email protected]

Frederick County Career & Technology CenterCisco Networking Academy

Frederick County Public SchoolsFrederick, Maryland, USA

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorschfor taking the time to check this workbook for errors,

and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series.

Workbooks included in the series:

IP Addressing and Subnetting WorkbooksACLs - Access Lists Workbooks

VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask IWorkbooks

Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites.When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this way.

It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.

Binary To Decimal Conversion

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Answers Scratch Area1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 146

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 119

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255

1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 197

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 246

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 19

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 129

0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 49

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 120

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 59

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 7

00011011 27

10101010 170

01101111 111

11111000 248

00100000 32

01010101 85

00111110 62

00000011 3

11101101 237

11000000 192

128162

146

643216421

119

1

Decimal To Binary Conversion

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255 Scratch Area_________________________________________ 238

_________________________________________ 34

_________________________________________ 123

_________________________________________ 50

_________________________________________ 255

_________________________________________ 200

_________________________________________ 10

_________________________________________ 138

_________________________________________ 1

_________________________________________ 13

_________________________________________ 250

_________________________________________ 107

_________________________________________ 224

_________________________________________ 114

_________________________________________ 192

_________________________________________ 172

_________________________________________ 100

_________________________________________ 119

_________________________________________ 57

_________________________________________ 98

_________________________________________ 179

_________________________________________ 2

238-128110-6446

-3214-86

-42

-20

1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 34-32

2-20

0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0

Use all 8 bits for each problem

2

0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1

0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0

0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1

1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

Address Class Identification

Address Class

10.250.1.1 _____

150.10.15.0 _____

192.14.2.0 _____

148.17.9.1 _____

193.42.1.1 _____

126.8.156.0 _____

220.200.23.1 _____

230.230.45.58 _____

177.100.18.4 _____

119.18.45.0 _____

249.240.80.78 _____

199.155.77.56 _____

117.89.56.45 _____

215.45.45.0 _____

199.200.15.0 _____

95.0.21.90 _____

33.0.0.0 _____

158.98.80.0 _____

219.21.56.0 _____

A

B

C

B

C

A

C

D

B

A

E

C

A

C

C

A

A

B

C3

Network & Host Identification

Circle the network portionof these addresses:

177.100.18.4

119.18.45.0

209.240.80.78

199.155.77.56

117.89.56.45

215.45.45.0

192.200.15.0

95.0.21.90

33.0.0.0

158.98.80.0

217.21.56.0

10.250.1.1

150.10.15.0

192.14.2.0

148.17.9.1

193.42.1.1

126.8.156.0

220.200.23.1

Circle the host portion ofthese addresses:

10.15.123.50

171.2.199.31

198.125.87.177

223.250.200.222

17.45.222.45

126.201.54.231

191.41.35.112

155.25.169.227

192.15.155.2

123.102.45.254

148.17.9.155

100.25.1.1

195.0.21.98

25.250.135.46

171.102.77.77

55.250.5.5

218.155.230.14

10.250.1.1

4

5

Network Addresses

Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:

188.10.18.2 _____________________________255.255.0.0

10.10.48.80 _____________________________255.255.255.0

192.149.24.191 _____________________________255.255.255.0

150.203.23.19 _____________________________255.255.0.0

10.10.10.10 _____________________________255.0.0.0

186.13.23.110 _____________________________255.255.255.0

223.69.230.250 _____________________________255.255.0.0

200.120.135.15 _____________________________255.255.255.0

27.125.200.151 _____________________________255.0.0.0

199.20.150.35 _____________________________255.255.255.0

191.55.165.135 _____________________________255.255.255.0

28.212.250.254 _____________________________255.255.0.0

188 . 10 . 0 . 0

10 . 10 . 48 . 0

192 . 149 . 24 . 0

150 . 203 . 0 . 0

10 . 0 . 0 . 0

186 . 13 . 23 . 0

223 . 69 . 0 . 0

200 . 120 . 135 . 0

27 . 0 . 0 . 0

199 . 20 . 150 . 0

191 . 55 . 165 . 0

28 . 212 . 0 . 0

Host Addresses

Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:

188.10.18.2 _____________________________255.255.0.0

10.10.48.80 _____________________________255.255.255.0

222.49.49.11 _____________________________255.255.255.0

128.23.230.19 _____________________________255.255.0.0

10.10.10.10 _____________________________255.0.0.0

200.113.123.11 _____________________________255.255.255.0

223.169.23.20 _____________________________255.255.0.0

203.20.35.215 _____________________________255.255.255.0

117.15.2.51 _____________________________255.0.0.0

199.120.15.135 _____________________________255.255.255.0

191.55.165.135 _____________________________255.255.255.0

48.21.25.54 _____________________________255.255.0.0

0 . 0 . 18 . 2

0 . 0 . 0 . 80

0 . 0 . 0 . 11

0 . 0 . 230 . 19

0 . 10 . 10 . 10

0 . 0 . 0 . 11

0 . 0 . 23 . 20

0 . 0 . 0 . 215

0 . 15 . 2 . 51

0 . 0 . 0 . 135

0 . 0 . 0 . 135

0 . 0 . 25 . 54

6

Default Subnet Masks

Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:

177.100.18.4 _____________________________

119.18.45.0 _____________________________

191.249.234.191 _____________________________

223.23.223.109 _____________________________

10.10.250.1 _____________________________

126.123.23.1 _____________________________

223.69.230.250 _____________________________

192.12.35.105 _____________________________

77.251.200.51 _____________________________

189.210.50.1 _____________________________

88.45.65.35 _____________________________

128.212.250.254 _____________________________

193.100.77.83 _____________________________

125.125.250.1 _____________________________

1.1.10.50 _____________________________

220.90.130.45 _____________________________

134.125.34.9 _____________________________

95.250.91.99 _____________________________

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

7

ANDING WithDefault subnet masks

Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to lookat an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesn’t think that way.For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address it must“AND” the IP address with the subnet mask.

Default Subnet Masks:Class A 255.0.0.0Class B 255.255.0.0Class C 255.255.255.0

ANDING Equations:1 AND 1 = 11 AND 0 = 00 AND 1 = 00 AND 0 = 0

Sample:

What you see...

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

What you can figure out in your head...

Address Class: CNetwork Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP address withthe subnet mask in binary.

ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the networkportion of the address.

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(255 . 255 . 255 . 0)

(192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

(192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

Network Host

IP Address:Default Subnet Mask:

AND:

8

ANDING WithCustom subnet masks

When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into five smaller networks(192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64, 192.100.10.80) the outsideworld still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the internal computers and routers see fivesmaller subnetworks. Each independent of the other. This can only be accomplished by usinga custom subnet mask. A custom subnet mask borrows bits from the host portion of theaddress to create a subnetwork address between the network and host portions of an IPaddress. In this example each range has 14 usable addresses in it. The computer must stillAND the IP address against the custom subnet mask to see what the network portion is andwhich subnetwork it belongs to.

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

Address Ranges: 192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample below)192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to determine thecorrect subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

(255 . 255 . 255 . 240)

(192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

(192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits borrowed from the hostportion of the address for thecustom subnet mask.

The ANDING process of the four borrowed bitsshows which range of IP addresses thisparticular address will fall into.

SubNetwork HostNetwork

IP Address:Custom Subnet Mask:

AND:

9

How to determine the number of subnets and thenumber of hosts per subnet

Two formulas can provide this basic information:

Number of subnets = 2 (Second subnet formula: Number of subnets = 2 - 2)

Number of hosts per subnet = 2 - 2

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of binary bitsused. For example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the address use thenumber of subnets formula to determine the total number of subnets gained by borrowing thethree bits. This would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets

To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary bits used inthe host portion and apply this to the number of hosts per subnet formula If five bits are in thehost portion of the address this would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts.

When dealing with the number of hosts per subnet you have to subtract two addresses fromthe range. The first address in every range is the subnet number. The last address in everyrange is the broadcast address. These two addresses cannot be assigned to any device inthe network which is why you have to subtract two addresses to find the number of usableaddresses in each range.

For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can easilydetermine the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two formulas.

h

3

ss

5

10

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0The number of subnetscreated by borrowing 2bits is 2 or 2 x 2 = 4subnets.

2

The number of hosts created byleaving 6 bits is 2 - 2 or2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62usable hosts per subnet.

6

What about that second subnet formula:

Number of subnets = 2 - 2

In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is similar tothe first and last host addresses in each range of addreses.

The first range of addresses is the zero subnet. The subnet number for the zero subnet isalso the subnet number for the classful subnet address.

The last range of addresses is the broadcast subnet. The broadcast address for the lastsubnet in the broadcast subnet is the same as the classful broadcast address.

s

11

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0195.223.50.0195.223.50.64195.223.50.128195.223.50.192

195.223.50.63195.223.50.127195.223.50.191195.223.50.255

(Invalid range)

(Invalid range)

totototo

(0)(1)(2)(3)

Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0195. 223 . 50 . 0195. 223 . 50 . 0195. 223 . 50 . 0195. 223 . 50 . 0

195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.255

Class C Address subnetted (2 bits borrowed):

Notice that the subnet andbroadcast addresses match.

Use the 2 - 2 formula and don’t use thezero and broadcast ranges if...

Classful routing is used

RIP version 1 is used

The no ip subnet zero command isconfigured on your router

Use the 2 formula and use the zero andbroadcast ranges if...

Classless routing or VLSM is used

RIP version 2, EIGRP, or OSPF is used

The ip subnet zero command isconfigured on your router (default setting)

No other clues are given

When to use which formula to determine the number of subnetss s

The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do pirmarily withthe broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are you sending it to all 255addresses in the classful C address or just the 62 usable addresses in the broadcast range?

The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you todetermine which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last subnets. Usethe chart below to help decide.

Bottom line for the CCNA exams; if a question does not give you any clues as to whether or notto allow these two subnets, assume you can use them.

This workbook has you use the number of subnets = 2 formula.s

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 1Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hostsNetwork Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

Number of usable addresses

Number of bits borrowed

1414192.10.10.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

Number of Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Add the binary value numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 240

16

16

14

4

Observe the total number ofhosts.

Subtract 2 for the number ofusable hosts.

16-214

12

1286432

+16240

13

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





100060165.100.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Number of Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.

. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2



B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10



64-262

128643216842

+1255

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

128+64192

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 3Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





148.75.0.0 /26

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10

/26 indicates the total number ofbits used for the network andsubnetwork portion of theaddress. All bits remaining belongto the host portion of the address.

148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1


. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2


1024-2

1,022



64-262

Subtract 2 for the total number ofsubnets to get the usable number ofsubnets.

128643216842

+1255

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

128+64192

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

14

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





630210.100.56.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts


C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

8

32

30

3

12864

+32224

8-26

32-230

15

16

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





630195.85.8.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts


C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

8

32

30

3

12864

+32224

32-230

8-26

17

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





126131,070118.0.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Number of Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 .

. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Number ofHosts -

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 254. 0 . 0

128

131,072

131,070

7

12864321684

+2254

128-2

126

131,072 -2131,070

512

1,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

18

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





200015178.100.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

2,048

32

30

11

128643216842

+1255

2,048 -22,046

32-230

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1


. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

19

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





345200.175.14.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

4

64

62

2

200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

Number of Subnets - 2 4 8 162 4 8 162 4 8 162 4 8 162 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

4-22

64-262

128+64240

Custom Subnet Masks



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





601,000128.77.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


20

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 252 . 0

64

1,024

1,022

6

1286432168

+4252

1,024 -21,022

64-262

128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1


. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 10 Number of needed usable hosts

Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





60198.100.10.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


21

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

4

64

62

2

198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

64-262

4-22

128+64192


Custom Subnet Masks


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





250101.0.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


22

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

256

65,536

65,534

8

101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Number ofHosts -

128643216842

+1255

256-2

254

65,536 -265,534

512

1,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

Custom Subnet Masks


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





5218.35.50.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


23

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

8

32

30

3

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

64-262

4-22

12864

+32224

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 13Number of needed usable hosts

Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





25218.35.50.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

8

32

30

3

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

8-26

32-230

12864

+32224

24

Custom Subnet Masks


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





10172.59.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 240 . 0

16

4,096

4,094

4

1286432

+16240

16-214

4,096-2

4,094

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1


. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

25

Custom Subnet Masks


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





50172.59.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


26

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10

128643216842

+1255

64-262

1,024 -21,022

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1


. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .....

512

Binary values -

Number ofHosts -

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865

,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,5

36

128+64192

Custom Subnet Masks


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





2923.0.0.0

_______

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


27

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

524,288

32

30

19


23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 023 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 023 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 023 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 023 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . . . . . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Number ofHosts -

12864

+32224

32-230

524,288 -2524,286

512

1,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63

192 . 10 . 10 . 112

192 . 10 . 10 . 207

192.10.10.129 to 192.10.10.142

28

Subnetting



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





1414192.10.10.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 240

16

16

14

4

What is the 4thsubnet range?

What is the subnet numberfor the 8th subnet?

What is the subnetbroadcast address for

the 13th subnet?

What are the assignableaddresses for the 9th

subnet?


192.10.10.0 to 192.10.10.15192.10.10.16 to 192.10.10.31192.10.10.32 to 192.10.10.47192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63192.10.10.64 to 192.10.10.79192.10.10.80 to 192.10.10.95192.10.10.96 to 192.10.10.111192.10.10.112 to 192.10.10.127192.10.10.128 to 192.10.10.143192.10.10.144 to 192.10.10.159192.10.10.160 to 192.10.10.175192.10.10.176 to 192.10.10.191192.10.10.192 to 192.10.10.207192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223192.10.10.224 to 192.10.10.239192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255

192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

Number of Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

16-214

16-214

1286432

+16240

The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In thisproblem the range is 16.

The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcastaddress.

Custom subnetmask

Usable hostsUsable subnets

29

0101010101010101

0011001100110011

0000111100001111

0000000011111111

(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

165.100.3.128 to 165.100.3.191

165 . 100 . 1 . 64

165 . 100 . 1 . 127

165.100.2.1 to 165.100.0.62

30

Subnetting



Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





100060165.100.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10




the 6th subnet?


subnet?

165

. 10

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

016

5 .

100

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

165

. 10

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

016

5 .

100

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

165

. 10

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

016

5.1

00.0

.0to

1

65.1

00.0

.63

165

.100

.0.6

4to

1

65.1

00.0

.127

165

.100.0

.12

8to

1

65.1

00.0

.191

165

.100.0

.192

to

165

.100

.0.2

55

165

.100.1

.0to

1

65.1

00.1

.63

165

.100

.1.6

4to

1

65.1

00.1

.127

165

.100.1

.12

8to

1

65.1

00.1

.191

165

.100.1

.192

to

165

.100

.1.2

55

165

.100.2

.0to

1

65.1

00.0

.63

165

.100

.2.6

4to

1

65.1

00.0

.127

165

.100.2

.12

8to

1

65.1

00.0

.191

165

.100.2

.192

to

165

.100

.0.2

55

165

.100.3

.0to

1

65.1

00.3

.63

165

.100

.3.6

4to

1

65.1

00.3

.127

165

.100.3

.12

8to

1

65.1

00.3

.191

165

.100.3

.192

to

165

.100

.3.2

55

Dow

n to

165

.100

.25

5.1

28

to

16

5.1

00.2

55

.191

165

.100

.25

5.1

92 t

o 1

65.1

00.2

55

.25

5

The

bina

ry v

alue

of t

he la

st b

it bo

rrow

ed is

the

rang

e. In

this

pro

blem

the

rang

e is

64.

The

first

add

ress

in e

ach

subn

et r

ange

is th

esu

bnet

num

ber.

The

last

add

ress

in e

ach

subn

et r

ange

is th

esu

bnet

bro

adca

st a

ddre

ss.

31

64 -2 62U

sabl

eho

sts

128

64 32 16 8 4 2 +12

55

128

+64

192

Cus

tom

subn

et m

ask


128

64

32 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1(1

022)

(102

3)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

32

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





2195.223.50.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

What is the 3rdsubnet range?

What is the subnet numberfor the 2nd subnet?


the 1st subnet?

What are the assignableaddresses for the 3rd

subnet?

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

4

64

62

2

195.223.50.128 - 195.223.50.191

195.223.50.64

195.223.50.63

195.223.50.129 - 195.223.50.190


33

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 001

1 01 1

195.223.50.0195.223.50.64195.223.50.128195.223.50.192

195.223.50.63195.223.50.127195.223.50.191195.223.50.255

128+64192 64

-262

totototo

(0)(1)(2)(3)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

34

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





750190.35.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 10th subnet?


subnet?

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10

190.35.3.128 to 190.35.3.191

190.35.3.0

190.35.2.127

190.35.1.65 to 190.35.1.126


35

128

64 32 16 8 4 2

+1

25

2

64 -2 62

190

. 35

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

019

0 . 3

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

190

. 35

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

019

0 . 3

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

190

. 35

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

128

+64

25

2

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

190.3

5.0

.0to

190.

35.0

.63

190.

35.0

.64

to19

0.3

5.0

.12

719

0.3

5.0

.12

8to

190.3

5.0

.191

190.3

5.0

.192

to19

0.3

5.0

.25

519

0.3

5.1

.0to

190.

35.1

.63

190.

35.1

.64

to19

0.3

5.1

.12

719

0.3

5.1

.12

8to

190.3

5.1

.191

190.3

5.1

.192

to19

0.3

5.1

.25

519

0.3

5.2

.0to

190.

35.2

.63

190.

35.2

.64

to19

0.3

5.2

.12

719

0.3

5.2

.12

8to

190.3

5.2

.191

190.3

5.2

.192

to19

0.3

5.2

.25

519

0.35

.3.0

to19

0.35

.3.6

319

0.35

.3.6

4to

190.

35.3

.12

719

0.3

5.3

.12

8to

190.3

5.3

.191

190.

35.3

.192

to19

0.35

.3.2

55

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

36

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





6126.0.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

________________

___________________

___________________

What is the 2ndsubnet range?



the 7th subnet?


subnet?

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 248

2,097,152

8

6

21

126.0.0.8 to 126.0.0.15

126.0.0.32

126.0.0.55

126.0.0.73 to 126.0.0.78


37

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16

32

64

12

8 2

56

.12

6. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 .

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

126.

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

012

6. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 .

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

126.

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

012

6. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 .

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 3

2

16

8

4

2

Bin

ary

valu

es -

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

-

5121,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

128

64 32 16 8 4 2

+1

25

5 8 -2 6

128

64 32 16 +8

248

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Num

ber

ofH

osts

126.

0.0.

012

6.0.

0.8

126.

0.0.

1612

6.0.

0.24

126.

0.0.

3212

6.0.

0.40

126.

0.0.

4812

6.0.

0.56

126.

0.0.

6412

6.0.

0.72

126.

0.0.

8012

6.0.

0.88

126.

0.0.

9612

6.0.

0.10

412

6.0.

0.11

212

6.0.

0.12

0

to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to

126.

0.0.

712

6.0.

0.15

126.

0.0.

2312

6.0.

0.31

126.

0.0.

3912

6.0.

0.47

126.

0.0.

5512

6.0.

0.63

126.

0.0.

7112

6.0.

0.79

126.

0.0.

8712

6.0.

0.95

126.

0.0.

103

126.

0.0.

111

126.

0.0.

119

126.

0.0.

127

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

38

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





10192.70.10.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 12th subnet?


subnet?

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 240

16

16

14

4

192.70.10.128 to 192.70.10.143

192.70.10.48

192.70.10.191

192.70.10.145 to 192.70.10.158


39

. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

16-214

128+64240

0101010101010101

11001100110011

111100001111

11111111

192.70.10.0192.70.10.16192.70.10.32192.70.10.48192.70.10.64192.70.10.80192.70.10.96192.70.10.112192.70.10.128192.70.10.144192.70.10.160192.70.10.176192.70.10.192192.70.10.208192.70.10.224192.70.10.240

192.70.10.15192.70.10.31192.70.10.47192.70.10.63192.70.10.79192.70.10.95192.70.10.111192.70.10.127192.70.10.143192.70.10.159192.70.10.175192.70.10.191192.70.10.0207192.70.10.223192.70.10.239192.70.10.255

totototototototototototototototo

192 . 70 . 10 .192 . 70 . 10 .192 . 70 . 10 .192 . 70 . 10 .192 . 70 . 10 .(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)

40

Subnetting


Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





10.0.0.0 /16

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 2nd subnet?


subnet?

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

256

65,536

65,534

8

10.10.0.0 to 10.10.255.255

10.5.0.0

10.1.255.255

10.8.0.1 to 10.8.255.254

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________


41

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16

32

64

12

8 2

56

.10

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 3

2

16

8

4

2

Bin

ary

valu

es -

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

-

5121,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

128

64 32 16 8 4 2

+1

25

5

65,5

36

-

265

,534

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Num

ber

ofH

osts

10.0

.0.0

10.1

.0.0

10.2

.0.0

10.3

.0.0

10.4

.0.0

10.5

.0.0

10.6

.0.0

10.7

.0.0

10.8

.0.0

10.9

.0.0

10.1

0.0

.010

.11.

0.0

10.1

2.0

.010

.13.

0.0

10.1

4.0.0

10.1

5.0

.0

10.0

.25

5.2

55

10.1

.25

5.2

55

10.2

.25

5.2

55

10.3

.25

5.2

55

10.4

.25

5.2

55

10.5

.25

5.2

55

10.6

.25

5.2

55

10.7

.25

5.2

55

10.8

.25

5.2

55

10.9

.25

5.2

55

10.1

0.25

5.2

55

10.1

1.2

55

.25

510

.12.2

55

.25

510

.13.

25

5.2

55

10.1

4.25

5.2

55

10.1

5.2

55

.25

5


(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

42

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





5172.50.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 6th subnet?


subnet?

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

8

8,192

8,190

3

172.50.96.0 to 172.50.127.255

172.50.128.0

172.50.191.255

172.50.64.1 to 172.50.95.254


43

128

64 +32

22

48,

192

-

28,

190

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

017

2 .

50

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

017

2 .

50

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1

172

.50.0

.017

2.5

0.3

2.0

172

.50.

64.0

172

.50.9

6.0

172

.50.1

28.

017

2.5

0.1

60.0

172

.50.1

92.0

172

.50.2

24.0

to to to to to to to to

172

.50.3

1.2

55

172

.50.

63.2

55

172

.50.9

5.2

55

172

.50.1

27.

25

517

2.5

0.1

59.

25

517

2.5

0.1

91.2

55

172

.50.2

23.

25

517

2.5

0.2

55

.25

5

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

44

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





28172.50.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________



What is the subnet broadcastaddress for

the 4th subnet?


subnet?

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

2,048

32

30

11

172.50.0.32 to 172.50.0.63

172.50.1.32

172.50.0.127

172.50.0.161 to 172.50.0.190


45

128

64 32 16 8 4 2

+1

25

2 32 -2 30

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

017

2 .

50

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

017

2 .

50

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 5

0 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

128

64 +32

22

4

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

172.

50.0

.017

2.50

.0.32

172.

50.0

.6417

2.50

.0.96

172.

50.0

.128

172.

50.0

.160

172.

50.0

.192

172.

50.0

.224

172.

50.1.

017

2.50

.1.32

172.

50.1.

6417

2.50

.1.96

172.

50.1.

128

172.

50.1.

160

172.

50.1.

192

172.

50.1.

224


172.

50.0

.3117

2.50

.0.63

172.

50.0

.9517

2.50

.0.12

717

2.50

.0.15

917

2.50

.0.19

117

2.50

.0.2

2317

2.50

.0.2

5517

2.50

.1.31

172.

50.1.

6317

2.50

.1.95

172.

50.1.

127

172.

50.1.

159

172.

50.1.

191

172.

50.1.

223

172.

50.1.

255

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

46

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





45220.100.100.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 13th subnet?


subnet?

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 252

64

4

2

6

220.100.100.16 to 220.100.100.19

220.100.100.12

220.100.100.51

220.100.100.45 to 220.100.100.46


47

22

0 . 1

00 .

100

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

22

0 . 1

00 .

100

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

22

0 . 1

00 .

100

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

22

0 . 1

00 .

100

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

22

0 . 1

00 .

100

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

-

Bin

ary

valu

es

Num

ber

of

Sub

nets

-

2

4

8

16

2

4

8

16

2

4

8

16

2

4

8

16

2

4

8

16

32

6

4 12

8 2

56

N

umbe

r of

25

6 12

8 64

32

1

6161616 16 8

4

2 -

H

osts

4 -2 2128

64 32 16 8 +42

52

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

220.

100.

100.

022

0.10

0.10

0.4

220.

100.

100.

822

0.10

0.10

0.12

220.

100.

100.

1622

0.10

0.10

0.20

220.

100.

100.

2422

0.10

0.10

0.28

220.

100.

100.

3222

0.10

0.10

0.36

220.

100.

100.

4022

0.10

0.10

0.44

220.

100.

100.

4822

0.10

0.10

0.52

220.

100.

100.

5622

0.10

0.10

0.60


220.

100.

100.

322

0.10

0.10

0.7

220.

100.

100.

1122

0.10

0.10

0.15

220.

100.

100.

1922

0.10

0.10

0.23

220.

100.

100.

2722

0.10

0.10

0.31

220.

100.

100.

3522

0.10

0.10

0.39

220.

100.

100.

4322

0.10

0.10

0.47

220.

100.

100.

5122

0.10

0.10

0.55

220.

100.

100.

5922

0.10

0.10

0.63

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

48

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





8,000135.70.0.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 3rd subnet?


subnet?

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

8

8,192

8,190

3

135.70.160.0 to 135.70.191.255

135.70.192.0

135.70.95.255

135.70.128.1 to 135.70.159.254


49

8,19

2 -28,

190

135

. 70

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

013

5 .

70 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

135

. 70

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

013

5 .

70 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

135

. 70

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

128

64 +32

22

4

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1

135

.70.0

.013

5.7

0.32

.013

5.7

0.64

.013

5.7

0.9

6.0

135

.70.1

28.

013

5.7

0.1

60.0

135

.70.1

92.0

135

.70.2

24.

0


135

.70.

31.2

55

135

.70.

63.2

55

135

.70.9

5.2

55

135

.70.1

27.

25

513

5.7

0.1

59.

25

513

5.7

0.1

91.2

55

135

.70.

22

3.2

55

135

.70.

25

5.2

55

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

50

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





45198.125.50.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________


What is the subnet numberfor the 2nd subnet?


the 4th subnet?


subnet?

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

4

64

62

2

198.125.50.64 to 98.125.50.127

198.125.50.64

198.125.50.255

198.125.50.129 to 198.125.50.190


51

198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

64-262

128+64192

0101

11

198.125.50.0198.125.50.64198.125.50.128198.125.50.192

198.125.50.63198.125.50.127198.125.50.191198.125.50.255

totototo

(0)(1)(2)(3)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

52

Subnetting


Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





165.200.0.0 /26

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 1023rd subnet?

What are the assignableaddresses for the 1022nd

subnet?

B

255 . 255 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

1,024

64

62

10

165.200.2.64 to 165.200.2.127

165.200.2.128

165.200.255.191

165.200.255.65 to 165.200.255.126


53

128

64 32 16 8 4 2

+1

25

2

64 -2 62

165

. 2

00 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

165

. 2

00 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

165

. 2

00 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

165

. 2

00 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

165

. 2

00 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

128

64

32 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

128

+64

25

2

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

165.

200.

0.0

165.

200.

0.64

165.

200.

0.12

816

5.20

0.0.

192

165.

200.

1.0

165.

200.

1.64

165.

200.

1.128

165.

200.

1.192

165.

200.

2.0

165.

200.

2.64

165.

200.

2.12

816

5.20

0.2.

192

165.

200.

3.0

165.

200.

3.64

165.

200.

3.12

816

5.20

0.3.

192

165.

200.

255.

6416

5.20

0.15

5.12

816

5.20

0.25

5.19

2

to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to

165.

200.

0.63

165.

200.

0.12

716

5.20

0.0.

191

165.

200.

0.25

516

5.20

0.1.

6316

5.20

0.1.1

2716

5.20

0.1.1

9116

5.20

0.1.

255

165.

200.

2.63

165.

200.

2.12

716

5.20

0.2.

191

165.

200.

2.25

516

5.20

0.3.

6316

5.20

0.3.

127

165.

200.

3.19

116

5.20

0.3.

255

165.

200.

255.

127

165.

200.

255.

191

165.

200.

255.

255

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

. 0

11

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 .

1 0

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

. 1

1

(10

21)

(10

22

)(1

02

3)

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

54

Subnetting


Network Address

Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





16200.10.10.0

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 4th subnet?


subnet?

C

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

8

32

30

3

200.10.10.192 to 200.10.10.223

200.10.10.128

200.10.10.127

200.10.10.161 to 200.10.10.190


55

200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 1616161616 8 4 2 - Hosts

32-230

12864

+32224

01010101

110011

1111

200.10.10.0200.10.10.32200.10.10.64200.10.10.96200.10.10.128200.10.10.160200.10.10.192200.10.10.224

totototototototo

200.10.10.31200.10.10.63200.10.10.95200.10.10.127200.10.10.159200.10.10.191200.10.10.223200.10.10.255

(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)

_______________________________________________

________________________

________________________

______________________________________

56

Subnetting


Address class

Default subnet mask

Custom subnet mask





93.0.0.0 \19

__________

_______________________________

_______________________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________




the 7th subnet?


subnet?

A

255 . 0 . 0 . 0

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

2,048

8,192

8,190

11

93.1.192.0 to 93.1.223.255

93.1.0.0

93.0.223.255

93.1.96.1 to 93.1.127.254


57

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16

32

64

12

8 2

56

.93

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

093

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

093

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

093

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

093

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 3

2

16

8

4

2

Bin

ary

valu

es -

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

128

64 +32

22

4 8,19

2

-2

8,19

0

5121,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

128

64 32 16 8 4 2 +12

55

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . .

93.0

.0.0

93.0

.32

.093

.0.6

4.0

93.0

.96.

093

.0.1

28.

093

.0.1

60.0

93.0

.192

.093

.0.2

24.

093

.1.0

.093

.1.3

2.0

93.1

.64.

093

.1.9

6.0

93.1

.12

8.0

93.1

.160

.093

.1.1

92.0

to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to

93.0

.31.

25

593

.0.6

3.2

55

93.0

.95

.25

593

.0.1

27.2

55

93.0

.15

9.25

593

.0.1

91.2

55

93.0

.223

.25

593

.0.2

55.2

5593

.1.3

1.2

55

93.1

.63.

25

593

.1.9

5.2

55

93.1

.127

.25

593

.1.1

59.

255

93.1

.191

.25

593

.1.2

23.2

55

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

58

Practical Subnetting 1

F0/1F0/0

S0/0/0 S0/0/1Router A

Router B

Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for100% growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questionsbelow.

Marketing24 Hosts

Management15 Hosts

F0/0

Reasearch60 Hosts

Address class

Custom subnet mask

Minimum number of subnets needed

Extra subnets required for 100% growth

Total number of subnets needed

Number of host addresses in the largest subnet group

Number of addresses needed for100% growth in the largest subnet

Total number of addressneeded for the largest subnet

IP address range for Research

IP address range for Marketing

IP address range for Management

IP address range for Router Ato Router B serial connection

IP Address 172.16.0.0

_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

(Round up to the next whole number)


Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

B255.255.224.0

44

8

60

60

120

+

+

=

=

172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255172.16.32.0 to 172.63.255172.16.64.0 to 172.95.255

172.16.96.0 to 172.127.255

59

Show your work for Practical Subnetting 1 in the space below.

172

. 16

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

017

2 .

16 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

172

. 16

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

017

2 .

16 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

172

. 16

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1

172

.16.

0.0

172

.16.

32.0

172

.16.

64.0

172

.16.

96.0

172

.16.

128.

017

2.1

6.16

0.0

172

.16.

192

.017

2.1

6.2

24.

0


172

.16.

31.2

55

172

.16.

63.2

55

172

.16.

95.2

55

172

.16.

127.

25

517

2.1

6.15

9.2

55

172

.16.

191.

25

517

2.1

6.2

23.

25

517

2.1

6.2

55

.25

5

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

60 x1.0 604

x1.0 4

60


F0/0S0/0/0

S0/0/1Router A

Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets andhosts for 30% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questionsbelow.

Science Lab10 Hosts

Tech Ed Lab20 Hosts

F0/0

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Tech Ed

IP address range for English

IP address range for Science




_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________



Router BS0/0/1

Router C

English Department15 Hosts

F0/1

F0/1

S0/0/0


+

+

=

=

52

7

20

6

26

B255.255.255.224

135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31135.126.0.32 to 135.126.0.63135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95

135.126.0.96 to 135.126.0.127

135.126.0.128 to 135.126.0.159

61


135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

013

5. 1

26

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

013

5. 1

26

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

135.

126.0

.013

5.12

6.0.32

135.

126.0

.6413

5.12

6.0.96

135.

126.0

.128

135.

126.0

.160

135.

126.0

.192

135.

126.0

.224

135.

126.1

.013

5.12

6.1.32

135.

126.1

.6413

5.12

6.1.96

135.

126.1

.128

135.

126.1

.160

135.

126.1

.192

135.

1261

.224


135.

126.0

.3113

5.12

6.0.63

135.

126.0

.9513

5.12

6.0.12

713

5.12

6.0.15

913

5.12

6.0.19

113

5.12

6.0.2

2313

5.12

6.0.2

5513

5.12

6.1.31

135.

126.1

.6313

5.12

6.1.95

135.

126.1

.127

135.

126.1

.159

135.

126.1

.191

135.

126.1

.223

135.

126.1

.255

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

5 x.3 1.5

(Rou

nd u

p to

2)

20 x.3 6

62

Practical Subnetting 3Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing schemethat will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnetsand hosts for 25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer thequestions below.

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Sales


IP address range for Administrative


_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________




+

+

=

=

F0/0

Administrative30 Hosts

Sales185 Hosts

F0/0


S0/0/1

Marketing50 Hosts

F0/1 S0/0/0Router A

Router B

41

5

185

47

232

B255.255.255.0

172.16.0.0 to 172.16.0.255172.16.1.0 to 172.16.1.255172.16.2.0 to 172.16.2.255

172.16.3.0 to 172.16.3.255

63


172

. 16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

. 16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

128

64

32 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

172.

16.0

.017

2.16

.1.0

172.

16.2

.017

2.16

.3.0

172.

16.4

.017

2.16

.5.0

172.

16.6.

017

2.16

.7.0

172.

16.8.

017

2.16

.9.0

172.

16.10

.017

2.16

.11.0

172.

16.12

.017

2.16

.13.0

172.

16.14

.017

2.16

.15.0


1172

.16.0

.255

1172

.16.1.

255

1172

.16.2

.255

1172

.16.3.

255

1172

.16.4

.255

1172

.16.5

.255

1172

.16.6.

255

1172

.16.7.

255

1172

.16.8.

255

1172

.16.9.

255

1172

.16.10

.255

1172

.16.11

.255

1172

.16.12

.255

1172

.16.13

.255

1172

.16.14

.255

1172

.16.15

.255

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

22

5x.2

55

6.2

5(R

ound

up

to 5

7)

4x..

25 1

64


F0/0 S0/0/0S0/0/1Router A

Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70%growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

Dallas150 Hosts New York

325 Hosts

F0/0

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for New York

IP address range for Washington D. C.

IP address range for Dallas


IP address range for Router Ato Router C serial connection


_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________



Router BS0/0/1

Router C F0/0F0/1

S0/0/0


+

+

=

=

Washington D.C.220 Hosts

54

9

325

228

553

B255.255.240.0

135.126.0.0 to 135.126.15.255135.126.16.0 to 135.126.31.255135.126.32.0 to 135.126.47.255

135.126.48.0 to 135.126.63.255

135.126.64.0 to 135.126.79.255

65


135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

013

5. 1

26

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

013

5. 1

26

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

135

. 12

6 . 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

0 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

135.

126.0

.013

5.12

6.16.0

135.

126.3

2.0

135.

126.4

8.013

5.12

6.64.

013

5.12

6.80.

013

5.12

6.96.0

135.

126.1

12.0

135.

126.1

28.0

135.

126.1

44.0

135.

126.1

60.0

135.

126.1

76.0

135.

126.1

92.0

135.

126.2

08.0

135.

126.2

24.0

135.

126.2

40.0


135.

126.1

5.25

513

5.12

6.31.2

5513

5.12

6.47.2

5513

5.12

6.63.2

5513

5.12

6.79.2

5513

5.12

6.95.

255

135.

126.1

11.2

5513

5.12

6.127

.255

135.

126.1

43.2

5513

5.12

6.159

.255

135.

126.1

75.2

5513

5.12

6.191

.255

135.

126.2

07.2

5513

5.12

6.223

.255

135.

126.2

39.2

5513

5.12

6.125

5.25

5

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

66

Practical Subnetting 5Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets andhosts for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer thequestions below.

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Router F0/0 Port

IP address range for Router F0/1 Port

_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________




+

+

=

=

F0/0

Science Room10 Hosts

Tech Ed Lab18 Hosts

English classroom15 Hosts

F0/1

Art Classroom12 Hosts


22

4

30

30

60

C255.255.255.192

210.15.10.0 to 210.15.10.63

210.15.10.64 to 210.15.10.127

67


128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 001

1 01 1

210.15.10.0210.15.10.64210.15.10.128210.15.10.192

210.15.10.63210.15.10.127210.15.10.191210.15.10.255

totototo

(0)(1)(2)(3)

68

Practical Subnetting 6Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20%growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

Address class

Custom subnet mask




IP address range for Technology

IP address range for Science

IP address range for Arts & Drama

IP Address range Administration



IP address range for Router Bto Router C serial connection

IP Address 10.0.0.0

_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________



+

=

F0/0

S0/0/1Router A

Administration35 Hosts

TechnologyBuilding320 HostsF0/0 Router B

S0/0/1

Router C

F0/1

F0/1

S0/0/0

Science Building225 Hosts

S0/0/0

S0/0/1S0/0/0Art & Drama

75 Hosts

72

9

A255.240.0.0

10.0.0.0 to 10.15.255.25510.16.0.0 to 10.31.255.25510.32.0.0 to 10.47.255.25510.48.0.0 to 10.63.255.255

10.64.0.0 to 10.79.255.255

10.80.0.0 to 10.95.255.255

10.96.0.0 to 10.111.255.255

69


Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16

32

64

12

8 2

56

.10

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

010

. 0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

. 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 . 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 3

2

16

8

4

2

Bin

ary

valu

es -

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

. . . . . 1

28

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

-

5121,0242,0484,0968,192

16,38432,76865,536

131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

.

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

131,072

262,144

524,288

1,048,576

2,097,152

4,194,304

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Num

ber

ofH

osts

10.0

.0.0

10.1

6.0.

010

.32.

0.0

10.4

8.0.

010

.64.

0.0

10.8

0.0.

010

.96.

0.0

10.11

2.0.

010

.128

.0.0

10.1

44.0

.010

.160

.0.0

10.1

76.0

.010

.192

.0.0

10.2

08.0

.010

.224

.0.0

10.2

40.0

.0


10.15

.255

.255

10.3

2.25

5.25

510

.47.

255.

255

10.6

3.25

5.25

510

.79.

255.

255

10.9

5.25

5.25

510

.111.2

55.2

5510

.127.

255.

255

10.1

43.2

55.2

5510

.159.

255.

255

10.17

5.25

5.25

510

.191.2

55.2

5510

.207

.255

.255

10.2

23.2

55.2

5510

.239

.255

.255

10.2

55.2

55.2

55

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

70

Practical Subnetting 7Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets andhosts for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer thequestions below.

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Router A Port F0/0


IP address range for Deployment


_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________




+

+

=

=

Marketing75 Hosts


Administration33 Hosts Sales

255 Hosts

Research135 Hosts

F0/0S0/0/0 F0/0

F0/1

S0/0/0Router A

Router B

Deployment63 Hosts

45

9

363

454

817

B255.255.252.0

177.135.0.0 to 177.135.3.255177.135.4.0 to 177.135.7.255177.135.8.0 to 177.135.11.255

177.135.12.0 to 177.135.15.255

71


177.

135

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

017

7.13

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

177.

135

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

017

7.13

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

177.

135

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

177.1

35.0

.017

7.135

.4.0

177.1

35.8.

017

7.135

.12.0

177.1

35.16

.017

7.135

.20.

017

7.135

.24.

017

7.135

.28.0

177.1

35.32

.017

7.135

.36.0

177.1

35.4

0.0

177.1

35.4

4.0

177.1

35.4

8.017

7.135

.52.

017

7.135

.56.0

177.1

35.60

.0


177.1

35.3.

255

177.1

35.7.

255

177.1

35.11

.255

177.1

35.15

.255

177.1

35.19

.255

177.1

35.2

3.255

177.1

35.2

7.255

177.1

35.31

.255

177.1

35.35

.255

177.1

35.39

.255

177.1

35.4

3.255

177.1

35.4

7.255

177.1

35.5

1.255

177.1

35.5

5.25

517

7.135

.59.2

5517

7.135

.63.2

55

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

72


F0/0 S0/0/0S0/0/1Router A

Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

New York8 Hosts

F0/0

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Router A F0/0

IP address range for New York



_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________



Router B

F0/1


+

+

=

=

Boston5 Hosts

Research & Development8 Hosts

33

6

13

12

25

C255.255.255.224

192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.31192.168.1.32 to 192.168.1.63

192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.95

73


128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values


Number of256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 001

1 01 1

1 0 01 0 11 1 01 1 1

192.168.1.0192.168.1.32192.168.1.64192.168.1.96192.168.1.128192.168.1.160192.168.1.192192.168.1.224

192.168.1.31192.168.1.63192.168.1.95192.168.1.127192.168.1.159192.168.1.1191192.168.1.223192.168.1.255

totototototototo

(0)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)


F0/0

S0/0/0S0/0/1Router A

Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets andhosts for 15% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questionsbelow.

Dallas1500 Hosts

F0/0

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Ft. Worth

IP address range for Dallas



IP address range for Router Cto Router D serial connection


_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________



Router BS0/0/1

Router C

F0/1

S0/0/0


+

+

=

=

Router D S0/0/0S0/0/1

74

Ft. Worth2300 Hosts

51

6

2300

345

2645

B255.255.240.0

148.55.0.0. to 148.55.15.255148.55.16.0. to 148.55.31.255148.55.32.0. to 148.55.47.255

148.55.48.0. to 148.55.63.255

148.55.64.0. to 148.55.79.255

75


148.

55

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

014

8. 5

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

148.

55

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

014

8. 5

5 .

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

0 .

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

148.

55

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

. 0

0

0

0 0

0

0

012

8 6

4 3

2 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

148.5

5.0.

014

8.55.

16.0

148.5

5.32

.014

8.55.

48.0

148.5

5.64

.014

8.55.

80.0

148.5

5.96

.014

8.55.

112.

014

8.55.

128.0

148.5

5.14

4.0

148.5

5.16

0.0

148.5

5.17

6.014

8.55.

192.

014

8.55.

208.0

148.5

5.22

4.0

148.5

5.24

0.0


148.5

5.15

.255

148.5

5.31

.255

148.5

5.47

.255

148.5

5.63

.255

148.5

5.79

.255

148.5

5.95

.255

148.5

5.11

1.255

148.5

5.12

7.255

148.5

5.14

3.255

148.5

5.15

9.255

148.5

5.17

5.25

514

8.55.

191.2

5514

8.55.

207.2

5514

8.55.

223.2

5514

8.55.

239.2

5514

8.55.

255.

255

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

76

Practical Subnetting 10Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that willsupply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for110% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

Address class

Custom subnet mask







IP address range for Sales/Managemnt





_____________________________

_____________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________

_____________________________




+

+

=

=

F0/0S0/0/0

S0/0/1Router A

F0/0

Router B

F0/1

Sales115 Hosts

Management25 Hosts

Research35 Hosts

Marketing56 Hosts

45

9

140

154

294

B255.255.255.240

172.16.0.0 to 172.16.15.255172.16.16.0 to 172.16.31.255172.16.32.0 to 172.16.47.255

172.16.48.0 to 172.16.63.255

77


172

.16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

.16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

.16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

.16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

172

.16

. 0

0 0

0

0

0 0

0

. 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0

128

64

32 16

8

4

2

1

Num

ber

of S

ubne

ts

-

2

4

8

16 3

2 6

4 1

28

25

6 .

. 25

6 12

8 6

4 32

16

8

4

2

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

.... .

512

Bin

ary

valu

es -

Num

ber

ofH

osts

-

102420484,0968,192

16,384

32,76865,536

512

1,024

2,048

4,096

8,192

16,384

32,768

65,536

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

. . . . . . . . .

172.

16.0

.017

2.16

.16.0

172.

16.32

.017

2.16

.48.0

172.

16.64

.017

2.16

.80.0

172.

16.96

.017

2.16

.112.

017

2.16

.128.0

172.

16.14

4.0

172.

16.16

0.0

172.

16.17

6.017

2.16

.192.

017

2.16

.208

.017

2.16

.224

.017

2.16

.240

.0


172.

16.15

.255

172.

16.31

.255

172.

16.4

7.255

172.

16.63

.255

172.

16.79

.255

172.

16.95

.255

172.

16.11

1.255

172.

16.12

7.255

172.

16.14

3.255

172.

16.15

9.255

172.

16.17

5.25

517

2.16

.191.2

5517

2.16

.207

.255

172.

16.2

23.2

5517

2.16

.239

.255

172.

16.2

55.2

55

(0)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are correct andusable. If they are not usable addresses explain why.

IP Address: 0.230.190.192 ________________________________Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________










IP Address: 200.10.10.175 /22 ________________________________________________________________


The network ID cannot be 0.

OK

245 is reserved forexperimental use.

This is the broadcast addressfor this range.

127 is reserved for loopbacktesting.

OK

This is the subnet address for the3rd usable range of 200.10.10.0

OK

This address is taken from the firstrange for this subnet which is invalid.

This has a class B subnetmask.

A class C address must use aminimum of 24 bits.

This is a broadcast address.

78

Reference Pages 28-29

Reference Page Inside Front Cover





Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front Cover


Reference Pages Inside Front Cover




0-127

128-255

0-34-78-11

12-1516-1920-2324-2728-3132-3536-3940-4344-4748-5152-5556-5960-6364-6768-7172-7576-7980-8384-8788-9192-9596-99

100-103104-107108-111112-115116-119120-123124-127128-131132-135136-139140-143144-147148-151152-155156-159160-163164-167168-171172-175176-179180-183184-187188-191192-195196-199200-203204-207208-211212-215216-219220-223224-227228-231232-235236-239240-243244-247248-251252-255

/308+8+8+6

255.255.255.2524 Hosts

/298+8+8+5

255.255.255.2488 Hosts

/288+8+8+4

255.255.255.24016 Hosts

/278+8+8+3

255.255.255.22432 Hosts

/268+8+8+2

255.255.255.19264 Hosts

/258+8+8+1

255.255.255.128128 Hosts

/248+8+8

255.255.255.0256 Hosts

0-7

8-15

16-23

24-31

32-39

40-47

48-55

56-63

64-71

72-79

80-87

88-95

96-103

104-111

112-119

120-127

128-135

136-143

144-151

152-159

16-167

168-175

176-183

184-191

192-199

200-207

208-215

216-223

224-231

232-239

240-247

248-255

0-15

16-31

32-47

48-63

64-79

80-95

96-111

112-127

128-143

144-159

160-175

176-191

192-207

208-223

224-239

240-255

0-63

64-127

128-191

192-255

0-255

IP Address Breakdown

79

/24255.255.255.0

256 Hosts1 Subnet

Start with a square. The whole squareis a single subnet comprised of 256addresses.

Visualizing Subnets UsingThe Box Method

The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown ofsubnets and addresses into smaller sizes.

/25255.255.255.128

128 Hosts2 Subnets

/26255.255.255.192

64 Hosts4 Subnets

80

Split the box in half and you get twosubnets with 128 addresses,

Divide the box into quarters and youget four subnets with 64 addresses,

81

/27255.255.255.224

32 Hosts8 Subnets

Split each individual square and youget eight subnets with 32 addresses,

/30255.255.255.252

4 Hosts64 Subnets

/29255.255.255.248

8 Hosts32 Subnets

/28255.255.255.240

16 Hosts16 Subnets

Split the boxes in half again and youget sixteen subnets with sixteenaddresses,

The next split gives you thirty twosubnets with eight addresses,

The last split gives sixty four subnetswith four addresses each,

82

# of BitsBorrowed

012345678910111213141516171819202122

SubnetMask

255.0.0.0255.128.0.0255.192.0.0255.224.0.0255.240.0.0255.248.0.0255.252.0.0255.254.0.0255.255.0.0

255.255.128.0255.255.192.0255.255.224.0255.255.240.0255.255.248.0255.255.252.0255.255.254.0255.255.255.0

255.255.255.128255.255.255.192255.255.255.224255.255.255.240255.255.255.248255.255.255.252

Total # ofSubnets

1248163264128256512

1,0242,0484,0968,19216,38432,76865,536131,072262,144524,288

1,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

Total # ofHosts

16,777,2168,388,6084,194,3042,097,1521,048,576524,288262,144131,07265,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,02451225612864321684

Usable # ofHosts

16,777,2148,388,6064,194,3022,097,1501,048,574524,286262,142131,07065,53432,76616,3828,1904,0942,0461,02251025412662301462

# of BitsBorrowed

01234567891011121314

SubnetMask

255.255.0.0255.255.128.0255.255.192.0255.255.224.0255.255.240.0255.255.248.0255.255.252.0255.255.254.0255.255.255.0

255.255.255.128255.255.255.192255.255.255.224255.255.255.240255.255.255.248255.255.255.252

Total # ofSubnets

1248163264128256512

1,0242,0484,0968,19216,384

Total # ofHosts65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,02451225612864321684

Usable # ofHosts65,53432,76616,3828,1904,0942,0461,02251025412662301462

Class C Addressing Guide# of Bits

Borrowed0123456

SubnetMask

255.255.255.0255.255.255.128255.255.255.192255.255.255.224255.255.255.240255.255.255.248255.255.255.252

Total # ofSubnets

1248163264

Total # ofHosts

25612864321684

Usable # ofHosts

25412662301462

CIDR/8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16/17/18/19/20/21/22/23/24/25/26/27/28/29/30

CIDR/16/17/18/19/20/21/22/23/24/25/26/27/28/29/30

CIDR/24/25/26/27/28/29/30

Class B Addressing Guide

Class A Addressing Guide

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Inside Cover

Documents

IP Subnet Workbook