Introduction to Preventive Medicine & Public Health Training

INTORDUCTION TO

GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUATION

AT

GRIFFIN HOSPITAL YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF

MEDICINE

YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH

Answers to commonly asked questions

VISA– Sponsor both H and J visa– Do not pay for attorney fees

Board Pass rate– Internal Medicine 100%– Preventive Medicine 100%

Out of Match offers– We go through NRMP match

How many positions?– Internal Medicine 2– TY 8– Prelim IM 4– Combined IM/PM 3

Leading Causes of

Death

Death Rate for Infectious

Diseases

Ten Great Public Health Achievements -United States 1900 - 1999

MMWR 4/2/99/48(12);241-243.

Vaccination Motor-vehicle safety Safer workplaces Control of infectious

diseases Decline in deaths from

coronary heart disease and stroke

Safer and healthier food Healthier mothers and

babies Family planning Fluoridation of

drinking water Recognition of tobacco

use as a health hazard

Our Job is not Finished yet

Public health faces new challenges– New infections (such as W. Nile)– Chronic disease (Obesity and Diabetes)– Cancers– Bioterrorism– Behaviors (smoking, eating)– Health access

Actual Causes of Death

Environmental Conditions Favoring the Spread of Infectious Disease

Globalization of the food supply Development projects that alter the habitat

of disease carrying insects and animals Increased human contact with the wilderness

habitat that may harbor unknown infectious agents

Increased use of antimicrobial agents and pesticides hastening resistance

Demographic Conditions Favoring the Spread of

Infectious Disease

Population growth and movement due to man made and natural disasters

Global travel

Human behaviors such as intravenous drug use and risky sexual behaviors

Prevention

Primary Prevention - preventing the occurrence of disease and injury, for example by immunizations.

Secondary Prevention - early detection and intervention, by reversing, halting or retarding the progression of a condition.

Tertiary Prevention - minimizing the the effects of disease and disability by surveillance and maintenance to prevent complications.

What is Preventive Medicine?

Preventive medicine physicians work with large population groups as well as with individual patients to promote health and understand the risks of disease, injury, disability and death.

Preventive Medicine Competencies

Epidemiology Biostatistics Environmental and occupational medicine Planning, administration, evaluation of health services Social and behavioral aspects of health and disease Practice of prevention in clinical medicine Research Methods & Clinical Trial Grant Writing

Year 1: 11 months Clinical Rotations Geriatrics, Ambulatory Medicine Year 2: 2 months Clinical Rotations

4 months MPH coursework (Fall semester)

5 months Clinical Rotations

Year 3: 2 months Public Health Rotations

3 months Clinical Rotations Integrated Rotations

2 months Clinical Rotations

4 months MPH coursework (Spring semester)

Year 4: 6 months Clinical Rotations Integrated Rotations

5 months Clinical Rotations Adolescent Medicine

Overview of Combined Program

Preventive Medicine Activities:

 1.  Preventive Medicine Lectures:    First Friday of each month

2. Preventive Medicine journal Clubs:  2nd Friday of each month

3. Preventive Medicine Seminars/Peer Teaching: 

3rd Friday of each month

4. Research Conferences:   » 4rth Friday of each month

5. Preventive Medicine/ Public Health Rotations

Preventive Medicine/ Public Health Rotations

Major areas: Public Health Department Rotations Research electives Occupational Medicine electives Health Management & Administration Clinical Preventive Medicine

Public Health/Community Health

The Connecticut State Department Of Public Health– o Behavioral Health Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS)

The Department of Public Health of the Lower Naugatuck Valley » West Nile Virus Surveillance

» Out break Investigation

The Department of Public Health, City Of Stamford » Patterns and Characteristics of Tick bites

» Risk factor for Melanoma in Lifeguards

The Department of Public Health, New Haven Local Public Health Agencies

» Valley United Way

» Women Health Center

Research Opportunities Griffin Hospital

Women Health Center Department Of Preventive Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Geriatric Assessment Center Griffin Center for Health & Human Rights Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center Rapid Diagnostic Breast Cancer Center

Research RotationsOther institutions

Yale School of Epidemiology State Dept. of Public Health Center of Outcome Research and

Evaluation City Health Departments CT Injury Prevention Center Yale Occupational Medicine Program

Occupational Medicine

Yale Occupational Medicine Program Sikorsky Aircraft Griffin Occupational Medicine program

(new)

Health Management

Connecticut State General Assembly Resident rotated through Connecticut State Capitol and

Legislative Office with the Chair of Public Health Committee. Opportunity to work on Hospital Committees and

task force Clinical Pathways Griffin Hospital Quality Management dept. Griffin Hospital Continuing care dept. Legislative Electives at State Capital Managed care & Insurance company experience

International Health/ Human RightsGriffin Center for Health and Human Rights

East Timor Project Latent TB and living conditions in East Timor

Colorado Adolescent Detention Centers Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in Adolescent detention Centers

Others: Uganda, Brazil, Russia are possible.

Project Amazonas- Peruvian AmazonHealth Risk Behaviors in Peruvian Amazon

Physicians for Human Rights

Yale office of International Health» Zimbabwe Project

Skill Sets of Combined Program Graduates

Internal medicine training Preventive Medicine Training MPH degree Familiarity with Evidence-Based Medicine Understand public health, epidemiological

principles Able to read scientific literature Ability to pursue Academic carriers Ability to pursue research and grants

Benefits of combined trainingBetter job opportunities Internal medicine

– Primary care– Hospitalist– Sub-specialty training

Public health– Federal government

» CDC» NIH

– WHO– International health work

» NGOs– Managed care/health insurance– Hospital or group practice management (such as hospitalist groups)– Academic faculty

Accomplishments- National Level

Prevention 98» Best research poster award

Prevention 00» Best Poster award » 4 posters presented

Preventive Medicine 2001» 3 posters presented

Preventive Medicine 2002» 5 posters accepted for presentation

Accomplishments- State level

American College of Physician-CT» 1999

Winner, Oral presentation Winner 2nd prize, poster presentation

» 2000 Winner Oral Presentation

» 2001 Winner 2nd prize oral presentation Winner 1st prize, research poster Winner, 3rd prize, research poster

Accomplishments- State level

American College of Physician-CT» 10/2002

Winner 1st prize oral presentationWinner 1st prize, research posterWinner, 1st prize, Clinical poster

Thank you.

Preventive Medicine Curriculum

Distributed.