International Center for Leadership in Education Dr. Willard R. Daggett Preparing Students for the 21 st Century February 27, 2009

International Center for Leadership in Education

Dr. Willard R. Daggett

Preparing Students for the21st Century

February 27, 2009

Application ModelApplication Model1.1. Knowledge in one disciplineKnowledge in one discipline

2. Application within discipline2. Application within discipline

3. Application across disciplines3. Application across disciplines

4. Application to real-world 4. Application to real-world predictable situationspredictable situations

5. Application to real-world 5. Application to real-world unpredictable situationsunpredictable situations

Challenges

• Globalization

Wal Mart

Source: The Post-American World

• Largest Corporation

• 8 times Size of Microsoft

• 2 % of GDP

• 1.4 Million Employees

• More Employees than:

• GM, Ford, G.E. and IBM Combined

“China today exports in a single day more than exported

in all of 1978.”

Source: The Rise of India and China . . .

Savings RateSavings Rate

1.1. India -- 25%India -- 25%

2. Japan -- 28%2. Japan -- 28%

3. Korea -- 30%3. Korea -- 30%

4. China -- 50%4. China -- 50%

5. United States -- (-4%)5. United States -- (-4%)

U.S. – 2nd Half of 20th Century

• Only Superpower

• Highest per Capita Income

• 1st in Economic Growth

• 5% of Population > 24% of Consumption

Source: National Academy of Science

Challenges

• Globalization

• Technology

Information TechnologyInformation Technology

• ProcessingProcessing

• CommunicationsCommunications

1983 – A Nation at Risk

• E-mail• Web pages• Google• iPODs• Laptops• Digital cameras• Doppler radar• Cell phones

• Blogs

• Wikis

• Tagging

• Text messaging

• MySpace

• Podcasts

• PDAs

2000

Content Creation & Social Media

• Facebook

• MySpace

• Flickr

• YouTube

• Blogs

• Personal Web Pages

SPOTSPOT

• MicrosoftMicrosoft– CitizenCitizen– FossilFossil– SuuncoSuunco

SPOTSPOT

• Integrated ProjectionIntegrated Projection

• Projection KeyboardProjection Keyboard

Projection KeyboardProjection Keyboard

Projection Keyboard and ProjectorProjection Keyboard and Projector

Language TranslationLanguage Translation

Translation GogglesTranslation Goggles

Emotiv

• 16 embedded sensors

• Detect facial expressions and emotions

• Push, pull, lift, and drop

http://emotiv.com/INDS_3/inds_3.html

Bio TechnologyBio Technology

• Biological ScienceBiological Science

• Practical ApplicationPractical Application

Nano TechnologyNano Technology

• Atom UpAtom Up

Info TechInfo Tech

Nano TechNano Tech

Bio TechBio Tech

20002000

Info TechInfo Tech

Nano TechNano Tech

Bio TechBio Tech

20092009

Info TechInfo Tech

Nano TechNano Tech

Bio TechBio Tech

20122012

Elementary Schools6 Years Integrated Science

Biology / Chemistry Grade 7

Biology / Physics Grade 8

Physics / Chemistry Grade 9

Integrated Science Grades 10 - 12

Source: Ed Week 6/6/07

Chinese Science

Challenges

• Technology

• Globalization

• Demographics

Start WorkingEnd WorkingLongevity

1900 2000 2100

47

62

77

21

62

1418

107

Retirement

55 is not an economically sustainable policy

• 1910 3.0 / 100

Demographics / Economic

• 1946 4.6 / 100

• 2010 1.4 / 100

Population of the US (in millions)

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian

Other

68 %

5 8 %

13 %

13 % 24 %

14 %

49 %

42

2000 2050

MedicareMedicare

• 2004 9 %

• 2020 25 %

• 2040 50 %

Challenges

• Technology

• Globalization

• Demographics

• Work

Employment 1970’s Employment 1970’s High SkillHigh Skill

Low SkillLow Skill

Employment 1990’s Employment 1990’s

High SkillHigh Skill

Low SkillLow Skill

Semi SkillSemi Skill

Employment 2010Employment 2010

High SkillHigh Skill

Low SkillLow Skill

Semi SkillSemi Skill

1970’s 1990’s 2010

Industrial BaseIndustrial Base

American Cotton Oil American Steel American Sugar Continental Tobacco Federal Steel General Electric National Lead Pacific Mail People’s Gas Tennessee Coal and Iron

1900


General Motors Wal-Mart Exxon Ford General Electric IBM Citigroup AT & T Phillip Morris Boeing

1998


Software Aerospace Genomics Bioinformatics Nanotechnology Photonics Micro Material Finance IT Robotics

2010

Lexile Framework® for Reading Study Summary of Text Lexile Measures

600

800

1000

1400

1600

1200

Tex

t L

exil

e M

easu

re (

L)

HighSchool

Literature

CollegeLiterature

HighSchool

Textbooks

CollegeTextbooks

Military PersonalUse

Entry-LevelOccupations

SAT 1,ACT,AP*

* Source of National Test Data: MetaMetrics

Interquartile Ranges Shown (25% - 75%)

Expectations have ChangedExpectations have Changed

20th Century21st Century

1 – 2 Jobs 10 – 15 Jobs

FlexibilityAnd

Adaptability

LifeLong

Learners

Mastery ofOne Field

SubjectMatterMastery

# ofJobs

JobRequirements

Teaching Model

U.S. % of World Scientists / EngineersU.S. % of World Scientists / Engineers

0102030405060708090

100

1990 2020

We need to do what workers abroad cannot do equally well for less

money…

Forging relationships, tackling novel challenges, synthesizing big picture.

Foreign owned companies and foreign-born inventors account for nearly half

of U.S. patents (Japan, Korea and Taiwan more than one-fourth)

“Innovate America,” Council on Competitiveness

Business Reality

Workplace TrendsWorkplace Trends UnskilledUnskilled Work to WorkerWork to Worker Large to SmallLarge to Small

16 Career Clusters16 Career ClustersDepartment of EducationDepartment of Education

Agriculture and Natural Resources Arts, Audiovisual Technology, and Communications

Business and Administration Architecture and Construction

Education and Training Finance

Health Science Hospitality and Tourism

Human Services Information Technology

Law and Public Safety Manufacturing

Government and Public Administration Retail, Wholesale, and Service

Scientific Research and Engineering Transportation, Distribution, and Logistics

Reading RequirementsReading RequirementsFindingsFindings

Entry-levelEntry-level Highest in 6/16Highest in 6/16 Second Highest in 7/16Second Highest in 7/16

Consistent Across CountryConsistent Across Country

Ad

van

ced

Lexile Reading Level Range: 850-930

Inte

rmed

iate


En

try

Lev

el


Human ServicesHuman Services

A

dva

nce

d


Inte

rmed

iate


En

try

Lev

el


ConstructionConstruction

Ad

van

ced


Inte

rmed

iate


En

try

Lev

el


ManufacturingManufacturing

ProficiencyProficiencyGrade 4 ReadingGrade 4 Reading

ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

Wisconsin 83 %

Texas 81 %

Iowa 77 %

Florida 71 %

Massachusetts 48 %

California 48 %

South Carolina 35 %


ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

Wisconsin 83 % 189

Texas 81 % 190

Iowa 77 % 197

Florida 71 % 202

Massachusetts 48 % 234

California 48 % 210

South Carolina 35 % 228


ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

North Carolina 88 %

Wisconsin 86 %

Iowa 72 %

Florida 44 %

California 39 %

South Carolina 30 %


ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

North Carolina 88 % 217

Wisconsin 86 % 229

Iowa 72 % 250

Florida 44 % 265

California 39 % 262


ProficiencyProficiencyGrade 4 MathematicsGrade 4 Mathematics

ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

North Carolina 91 %

Texas 82 %

Wisconsin 74 %

Michigan 73 %

Florida 63 %

California 51 %

South Carolina 39 %

Massachusetts 39 %


ProficientRequired

NAEP Score


Texas 82 % 219

Wisconsin 74 % 225

Michigan 73 % 222

Florida 63 % 230

California 51 % 231




ProficientRequired

NAEP Score

North Carolina 84 %

Iowa 76 %

Wisconsin 75 %

Michigan 61 %

Florida 58 %

Massachusetts 42 %

South Carolina 24 %


ProficientRequired

NAEP Score


Iowa 76 % 262

Wisconsin 75 % 263

Michigan 61 % 269

Florida 58 % 269



Improving Student Performancein

Times of Declining Resources

Bases of ICLE Position

• International Center with Nation’s most Successful Schools

• Funding Student Learning – Report

• States– Florida– New Jersey

Framework Vs. Index

Efficient and Effective Framework

High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost

High Student PerformanceHigh Student Performance

Low Student PerformanceLow Student Performance

EEffffeeccttiivveenneessss


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



CC DD

AA BB

EEffffeeccttiivveenneessss


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



CC DD

AA BB

High CostHigh CostHigh PerformanceHigh Performance

Low CostLow CostHigh PerformanceHigh Performance

Low CostLow CostLow PerformanceLow Performance

High CostHigh CostLow PerformanceLow Performance

Example

• Class Size– 25 to 24

– 4 % increase

– Payroll Equals 80 %

– Total Cost = 3.2 % of Budget

• Professional Development

Ohio English Language ArtsLearning Standards Tested

High Medium Low Grade 3 16 5 70 Grade 4 36 10 38 Grade 5 7 16 62 Grade 6 22 6 54 Grade 7 18 41 22 Grade 8 14 7 58 Grade 9 28 17 31 Grade 10 34 18 24

LevelsLevels

CC DD

AA BB 1 2 3 4 5

456

321

Bloom’sBloom’s

ApplicationApplication

Gold Seal Lessons


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



Focused Professional Focused Professional DevelopmentDevelopment

Reduce Reduce Class SizeClass Size

Empower StaffEmpower Staff


1.1. Team of teachers Team of teachers



2.2. Given group of students Given group of students




3.3. Agree to their present performanceAgree to their present performance




3.3. Agree to their present performanceAgree to their present performance

4. Give total budget (fixed and 4. Give total budget (fixed and variable)variable)



2.2. Given group of students Given group of students 3.3. Agree to their present performanceAgree to their present performance4. Give total budget (fixed and 4. Give total budget (fixed and

variable)variable)5. Give % of savings if student 5. Give % of savings if student

performance improvesperformance improves

Successful Examples

1. Teachers in teams with a group of students --- They get 50% of reduced cost if students maintain student performance. If they dramatically improve student performance they get 80% of reduced cost


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



Teacher-Designed Teacher-Designed ProgramProgram

X

XExisting Existing ProgramProgram

ExamplesExamples

1.1. Department ChairsDepartment Chairs


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary ChairsChairs

ExamplesExamples


2.2. Looping Looping


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



LoopingLooping

ExamplesExamples


2.2. Looping Looping

3.3. Electives to 9Electives to 9thth Grade Grade


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



Electives to Electives to 99thth Grade Grade

Technology


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



I CAN LearnI CAN Learn


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



READ 180READ 180

ExamplesExamples

Coordinate Professional Development Coordinate Professional Development with Graduate Degrees with Graduate Degrees

Online and Best Practices

• 3 credit hours = 45 contact hours

• 6 hour days = 7.5 days (45 contact hours)

Cost of Graduate Programs

1. Temple University

-$573 per credit hour ($837 out of state)

2. State University of New York at Albany

-$338 per credit hour ($573 out of state)

3. RPI

- $1,285 per credit hour


• course 3 credit hours = 45 contact hours• 6 hour days = 7.5 days (45 contact hours)• Cost of $450 = $60 per daycompared to:

- $1,014 - $3,855 per course for Graduate Credit

- Cost of Professional Development Day $36,000 per year/180 days = $200 per day


• 3 credit hours = 45 contact hours• 6 hour days = 7.5 days (45 contact hours)• Cost of course $450 = $60 per day• Tied to nation’s most successful schools

and their practices


• 3 credit hours = 45 contact hours• 6 hour days = 7.5 days (45 contact hours)• Cost of course $450 = $60 per day• Tied to nation’s most successful schools and their

practices• Based on district priorities



practices• Based on district priorities• No travel



practices• Based on district priorities• No travel • Cost savings to teachers and district PLUS best

practices tied to district priorities

Relevant and Cost Effective for Teachers

Relevant and Cost Effective for District


High High CostCost

Low Low CostCost



Online Graduate Online Graduate CourseCourse

X

XTraditional Traditional Professional Professional DevelopmentDevelopment

WHY - WHAT - HOW

1587 Route 146

Rexford, NY 12148

Phone (518) 399-2776

Fax (518) 399-7607

E-mail - [email protected]

www.LeaderEd.com

International Center for Leadership in Education, Inc.

Documents

International Center for Leadership in Education Dr. Willard R. Daggett Preparing Students for the 21 st Century February 27, 2009