Intelligence

Intelligence: How the experts define it… Ability to learn from experience, solve

problems, and adapt to new situations

Daniel Goleman EQ Emotional Intelligence is defined as

Ability to regulate one’s emotions Understanding our feelings, Empathy for others and good social skills, Regulation of emotions in a way that enhances

living. Critical to life’s success

INSTANT GRATIFICATION – PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILL IS MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN IMPULSE CONTROL!

Walter Mischel 1960 marshmallow experiment Conducted experiment with Preschool

on the Stanford campus/20 points higher on SAT those who waited/handled stress

Reenacted experiment:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sc4EF3ijVJ8

Survey measuring your EQ

An accurate measurement consists of Validity & Reliability Reliability – test yields consistent

results every time it is used.

Validity – a Test measures or predicts what it is supposed to…

Shoe size X 10 = IQ Valid/Reliable ?

Robert Sternberg Tri-archic Theory (3) Intelligence is made up of 3 components: Analytical thinking Practical intelligence(goal setters, highly

motivated, self efficacy, thought to action) Creative thinking http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Youtub+

practical+verses+analytical+intelligence&qpvt=Youtub+practical+verses+analytical+intelligence&FORM=VDRE&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=E9D6168F70D453B2A21AE9D6168F70D453B2A21A

Practical intelligence helped people be successful in life more than academic intelligence.

Spearman G Factor General Intelligence Factor found that schoolchildren's grades across

seemingly unrelated subjects were positively correlated (A student or B student etc…)

Proposed that these correlations reflected the influence of a dominant factor, which he termed g for "general" intelligence

Flynn Effect Describes a rise in IQ scores over time.

There is no strong consensus as to whether rising IQ scores also reflect increases in g.

Intelligence I.Q. – Intelligence quotient. A measurement of

intelligence (reification).

History of I.Q Testing – Started in the early 1900’s

Alfred Binet – Father of intelligence, believed strongly intelligence was a collection of mental abilities At turn of 20th century, developed idea of mental age. Hired to create intelligence tests for French children struggling in elementary school.

Intelligence Theorists Lewis Terman-Hired to create American

version tested 3,000 children using Binet’s formula. Known as Stanford – Binet Test.

David Wechsler – 1940 developed Adult IQ exam. He created the widely most modern intelligence test.

IQ meaning & Math Computation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr9RW9rBIQk (Start on 7.00)

80 low 100 average 110 above

average 120 superior 130 very superior 140 and above

gifted

Mental Age Chronological Age X 100 Example 15 10 =1.5 x100 =150

True of False – Correlated to I.Q scores (pre quiz)(partner)

1.# of siblings 2. Average hours per week spent watching TV 3.Average hours per week spent reading 4.Family’s economic status 5. Nutritional habits 6. Adult child interaction 7. Divorce 8. # of close friends one has 9. Gender 10. Average hours weekly spent playing sports

The formation of intellectual potential

50% by age 4 30% more by age 8 Last 20% by age 22 to 25 Levels of Intellectually Disabled Borderline 70-75 IQ Mild 50-70 IQ Moderate 35-50 IQ Severe 20-35 IQ Profound below 20

Intellectually Disabledhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHia_XfaFN0 In US MC live at home, hospitals, institutions Make up 1% of population Causes: Down snydrome(born with an extra

chromosome) mostly moms over 40;teen moms (malnutrition);fetal alcohol syndrome; exposure in utero to tobacco, radiation, other teratogens (harmful substances).

50% of all cases are preventable Most common cause F.A.S http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6He0FWoFj

0

Savant Syndrome http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Savant+Syndrome&Form=VQFRVP&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=1893705F2F72020B7E281893705F2F72020B7E28 1 out of 2,000 mentally challenged

People with serious intellectually disabilities who have spectacular islands of ability or brilliance

6 times more common in males than females

IQ range from 40 to 70 (Tony ) http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Savant+

Syndrome&Form=VQFRVP&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=1893705F2F72020B7E281893705F2F72020B7E28

Thurstone Multiple Factors Theories

His theory was that intelligence is made up of several primary mental abilities rather than a general and several specific factors:

•Verbal Comprehension •Word Fluency •Number Facility •Spatial Visualization •Associative Memory •Perceptual Speed •Reasoning

Howard Gardner – Huge effect in Educational field

Multiple Intelligence

Mensa Society Founded in 1945 by two Britons (scientist & Lawyer)

Today there are around 110,000 Mensans in 100 countries worldwide.

Mensa has professors and truck drivers, scientists and firefighters, computer programmers and farmers, artists, military people, musicians, laborers, police officers, glassblowers--the diverse list goes on and on.

50,000 members in US.

Benefits; scholarships, grants, latest news

IQ of members is 130 and above or 2% highest in population

Take the test do you qualify!!

Heritability of intelligence Refers to the percentage of variation in

intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors.

With age, genetic influences on intelligence become more apparent.

Standardization Refers to the process of defining

meaningful scores relative to a representative pretested group.

Examples SAT ACT State School Testing

Two types of Intelligence Crystallized Intelligence – Person’s

accumulated knowledge and verbal skills. Elderly has this but a bit slower to respond.

Fluid Intelligence – Responding quicker to an answer, but still has a lot to learn about many other subjects and life (young people acquire this)

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Cystallize+vs.+fluid+intelligence&FORM=HDRSC3&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=4C02E00E81A837F74C6F4C02E00E81A837F74C6F

True or False1.IQ administered today are less culturally biased than ones administered in the 60’s

2. External conditions and circumstances, like test anxiety or sleep deprivation, can interfere with the accuracy of an IQ test.

3. IQ tests are generally not valid if testing of a child is done before age 3 by about age 7 is when tests are more stable for age intelligence

4. #1 cause of mentally challenge is FAS

True of False

5.Adopted children score closer to biological parents than adopted

6. High intelligence process sensory info more quickly

7. Head-start produce permanent gains in intelligence

8. The consensus among psychologists is that most intelligence tests are not extremely biased.

Bell shape – normal distribution

Video Intelligence Write 8 Cornell notes, summary and

submit before you leave today!

Don’t forget journals are due next class! Final exam next class!