INFORMIX-4GL Quick Syntax - PACS · PDF fileINFORMIX-4GL Quick Syntax Version 6.0 April 1994 Part No. 000-7609

INFORMIX-4GL

Quick Syntax

Version 6.0April 1994Part No. 000-7609

2

Published by INFORMIX® Press Informix Software, Inc.4100 Bohannon DriveMenlo Park, CA 94025

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INFORMIX® and C-ISAM®.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The following people contributed to this version of INFORMIX-4GL Quick Syntax:

Documentation Team: Adam Barnett, Kaye Bonney, Lisa Braz, Tom Houston, Liz Knittel, Jerry Pope

Technical Contributors: Jonathan Leffler, Sally Cox

Copyright © 1981-1994 by Informix Software, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Table ofContents

INFORMIX-4GLQuick Syntax
Introduction 5Syntax Conventions 6
Basics 9Data Types 104GL Arithmetic Operators 10Boolean Operators 104GL Relational Operators 10Global Constants and Variables 11Built-In Functions 11Operators 11Library Functions 12Display Attributes 15Command-Line Syntax 16

4GL Statements 19Types of SQL Statements 20Other Types of 4GL Statements 214GL Statement Segments 37

4GL Forms 47Form Specification Syntax 48Attributes 50

Reports 55Report Specification Syntax 56Report Execution Statements 59

SQL Statements 61SQL Segments 91Stored Procedure Language Statements 105

4

SQLCA Record 113

Interactive Debugger Commands 117Command-Line Syntax 1194GL Interactive Debugger Command Segments 126

Environment Variables 129

Default Key Assignments 133

Introduction

Syntax Conventions6

This Guide presents a quick reference to the material listed in the following table. Fora full discussion of each topic, refer to the corresponding documentation.

This Guide shows syntax that must be prepared before you can include it in a 4GLprogram. You must prepare any SQL statement introduced later than the 4.1 serverrelease. These statements are indicated in this manual by the following icon:

To use these statements, such as CREATE TRIGGER, you must:

1. Store the SQL statement as a character string.2. Set up the statement for execution by means of the PREPARE statement (see

page 79).3. Process the statement by means of the EXECUTE statement (see page 75).

Syntax diagrams describe the format of SQL, SPL, and 4GL statements and Debuggercommands, including alternative forms of them, required and optional parts ofthem, and so forth. Syntax diagrams have their own conventions, which are definedin detail and illustrated in this section.

Each syntax diagram displays the sequences of required and optional elements thatare valid in a statement or command. Briefly:

• All keywords are shown in uppercase letters for ease of identification, thoughyou need not enter them that way.

• Words for which you must supply values are in italics.

• All boldface characters are literals.

Topic Reference Documentation Section

Data types INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter3(DEFINE)

Built-in functions and operators INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter 4

4GL statements INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter 3

SQL statements4.1 servers:6.0 servers:

Informix Guide to SQL: ReferenceInformix Guide to SQL: Syntax, Version 6.0

Chapter 6Chapter 1

Stored Procedure Language (SPL)6.0 servers: Informix Guide to SQL: Syntax, Version 6.0 Chapter 2

4GL forms INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter 5

Reports INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter 6

SQLCA record structure INFORMIX-4GL Reference Chapter 2

NewEra Debugger commands Guide to the INFORMIX-4GL InteractiveDebugger

Chapter 9

Environment variables INFORMIX-4GL Reference Appendix D

SE6.0

SyntaxConventions

Syntax Conventions 7

Each diagram begins at the upper left with a keyword and ends at the upperright with a vertical line. Between these points, you can trace any path that doesnot stop or back up. Each path describes a valid form of the statement. Exceptfor separators in loops (see page 8), which the path approaches counterclock-wise from the right, the path always approaches elements from the left and con-tinues to the right.

Along a path, you may encounter the following elements:

KEYWORD You must spell a word in uppercase letters exactly as shown;however, you can use either uppercase or lowercase letters when youenter it.

(.,;+*-/) All other characters are literal symbols that you must enter exactly asshown.

' ' " " Single and double quotes are literal symbols that you must enter asshown.

variable A word in italics represents a value that you must supply. The natureof the value is explained fully in the appropriate reference manual.

A reference in a box represents a subdiagram on the same page (if nopage number is supplied) or on a specified page. Imagine that thesubdiagram is spliced into the diagram at this point. (A synonym for“subdiagram” is “segment.”)

If the term “(subset)” appears in the box below the name of thesegment being referenced, you should refer to the appropriate refer-ence manual for further clarification.

The aspect ratio of the box is not significant. That is, the samesegment can be represented by boxes of different shapes, as in thesesymbols for the Named Value segment.

A code in an icon is a signal warning you that this path is valid onlyfor certain database servers or under certain conditions. The codesindicate the products or conditions that support the path. The follow-ing codes are used:

Path requires the statement to be prepared (by using PRE-PARE).

Path is valid only for INFORMIX-SE.

Path is valid only for INFORMIX-OnLine Dynamic Server.

Path is an Informix extension to ANSI standard SQL.

Path is valid only if you are using NLS.

Scope List

p. 148

NamedValue

ScopeList

Named Value

OL

SE6.0

SESE

OLOL

+

NLS

Syntax Conventions8

A shaded option is the default. Even if you do not explicitly type theoption, it will be in effect unless you choose another option.

Syntax enclosed in a pair of arrows indicates that this is a subdiagram.

The vertical line is a terminator and indicates that the statement is com-plete.

A branch below the main line indicates an optional path.

A loop indicates a path that can be repeated. Punctuation included in theloop indicates the separator symbol for items in a list; when no symbol isshown in the loop, as in the example below, a blank space or LINEFEED isthe separator.

A gate ( ) in an option indicates that you can only use that option thenumber of times indicated, even though it is within a larger loop.

The grey labels and arrows in the following illustration identify the elements ofa syntax diagram for the INITIALIZE statement of 4GL.

Elements of a syntax diagram

ALL

NOT

IN

variable

,

column3 key

3

database

OL

@ server

owner .

table . column

*:

,

variablename

ColumnListINITIALIZE

,

LIKE

TO NULLrecord

ColumnList

.*SubdiagramTitle

Main Diagram Path Loop Reference Box Terminator

KeywordRequiredElement

VariableOptionalBranch

PunctuationIconSegmentIndicator

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

Debugger

Basics

VariablesKeys

Data Types10

Data Type Kind of Values Stored

ARRAY OF type Arrays of values of any other single data type.➀BYTE Any kind of binary data.

CHAR Character strings of up to 32,767 ASCII characters.CHARACTER (This keyword is a synonym for CHAR.)DATE Points in time, specified as calendar dates.DATETIME Points in time, specified as calendar dates and time-of-day.DEC (This keyword is a synonym for DECIMAL.)DECIMAL Fixed point numbers, of a specified scale and precision.DOUBLE PRECISION (These keywords are a synonym for FLOAT.)FLOAT Floating-point numbers, of up to 32-digit precision.INT (This keyword is a synonym for INTEGER.)INTEGER Whole numbers, from -2,147,483,647 to +2,147,483,647.INTERVAL Spans of time in years and months, or else in smaller time units.MONEY Currency amounts, with definable scale and precision.NUMERIC (This keyword is a synonym for DECIMAL.)REAL (This keyword is a synonym for SMALLFLOAT.)RECORD Ordered sets of values, of any combination of 4GL data types.

➁SERIAL Same as INTEGER. Automatically assigned by the engine.SMALLFLOAT Floating-point numbers, of up to 16-digit precision.SMALLINT Whole numbers, from -32,767 to +32,767.

➀TEXT Character strings of any length.➀VARCHAR Character strings of varying length, no greater than 255.

➀INFORMIX-OnLine Dynamic Server or other 4GL statements only. ➁SQL only.

Operator Symbol Operator Name Name of Result Precedence

** exponentiation power 12mod modulus integer remainder 12* multiplication product 11/ division quotient 11+ addition sum 10- subtraction difference 10

ANDORNOT

Operator Symbol Operator Name Operator Symbol Operator Name

< Less than != or <> Not equal to<= Not greater than >= Not less than= or == Equal to > Greater than

Data Types

4GLArithmeticOperators

BooleanOperators

4GLRelationalOperators

Global Constants and Variables 11

sics4GLrmsortsSQLLCAggerbleseys

FALSE SQLCA Record:INT_FLAG SQLCODENOTFOUND SQLERRMNULL SQLERRPSQLCODE SQLERRDSTATUS SQLAWARNTRUEQUIT_FLAG

ARG_VAL(int-expr) ERRORLOG(char-expr) NUM_ARGS( )ARR_COUNT( ) FGL_DRAWBOX(height,

width,line,left-offset[,color])†PERCENT(*)

ARR_CURR( ) SCR_LINE( )†AVG(int-field) FGL_GETENV(char-expr) SET_COUNT(int-expr)†COUNT(*) FGL_KEYVAL(char-expr) SHOWHELP(int-expr)DOWNSHIFT(char-expr) FGL_LASTKEY( ) SQLEXIT( )ERR_GET(int-expr) LENGTH(char-expr) STARTLOG(char-expr)ERR_PRINT(int-expr) †MAX(int-field) †SUM(int-field)ERR_QUIT(int-expr) †MIN(int-field) UPSHIFT(char-expr)

†Valid only in REPORT blocks or in some SQL statements. Also, may be preceded by GROUP.

Color numbers and their meanings that can be used in FGL_DRAWBOX( ) are:

Number Color Number Color Number Color

0 White 3 Red 6 Blue1 Yellow 4 Cyan 7 Black2 Magenta 5 Green

ASCII int-expr LENGTH(char-expr)char-expr CLIPPED †LINENOCOLUMN integer MDY(int-expr, int-expr, int-expr)CURRENT MONTH(date-expression)CURRENT qualifier ORD(string-expr)DATE †PAGENODATE (date-expression) int-expr SPACEDAY(date-expression) int-expr SPACESEXTEND(time-value) TIMEEXTEND(time-value, qualifier) TODAYFIELD_TOUCHED(field-list) int-expr UNITS time-keywordGET_FLDBUF(field-list) expression USING format-stringexpression IS NOT NULL WEEKDAY (date-expression)expression IS NULL †char-expr WORDWRAPINFIELD(field) YEAR (date-expression)

†Valid only in REPORT blocks.

GlobalConstantsandVariables

Built-InFunctions

Operators

Ba

FoRep

SQDebuVaria

K

Library Functions12

Popping Numbers

extern void popint(int *iv)extern void popshort(short *siv)extern void poplong(long *liv)extern void popflo(float *fv)extern void popdub(double *dfv)extern void popdec(dec_t *decv)

Popping Characters

extern void popquote(char *qv, int len)extern void popvchar(char *qv, int len)

Popping Dates and Times

extern void popdate(long *datv)extern void popdtime(dtime_t *dtv, int qual)extern void popinv(intrvl_t *iv, int qual)

Popping BYTE and TEXT

extern void poplocator(loc_t **blob)

Returning Values

extern void retint(int iv)extern void retshort(short siv)extern void retlong(long lv)extern void retflo(float fv)extern void retdub(double dfv)extern void retdec(dec_t *decv)

extern void retquote(char *str0)extern void retvchar(char *vc)

extern void retdate(long date)extern void retdtime(dtime_t *dtv)

extern void retinv(intrvl_t *inv)

Pushing Values

extern void pushint(int iv)extern void pushshort(short siv)extern void pushlong(long liv)extern void pushflo(float fv)extern void pushdub(double dfv)extern void pushdec(dec_t *decv, unsigned decp)

LibraryFunctionsCallingC Functionsfrom 4GL

Calling 4GL Functions from C 13

sics4GLrmsortsSQLLCAggerbles

fgl_start(filename, argc, argv) initialize resources for the 4GL environmentchar *filename;int argc;char *argv[];

fgl_call(funcname, nparams) call the 4GL functionchar *funcname;int nparams;

fgl_exitfm( ) reset terminal to character mode

fgl_end( ) free 4GL resources

deccvasc(cp, len, np) convert C char type to DECIMAL typechar *cp;int len;dec_t *np;

dectoasc(np, cp, len, right) convert DECIMAL type to C char typedec_t *np;char *cp;int len;int right;

deccvint(integer, np) convert C int type to DECIMAL typeint integer;dec_t *np;

dectoint(np, ip) convert DECIMAL type to C int typedec_t *np;int *ip;

deccvlong(lng, np) convert C long type to DECIMAL typelong lng;dec_t *np;

dectolong(np, lngp) convert DECIMAL type to C long typedec_t *np;long *lngp;

deccvflt(flt, np) convert C float type to DECIMAL typefloat flt;dec_t *np;

dectoflt(np, fltp) convert DECIMAL type to C float typedec_t *np;float *fltp;

Calling4GL Functionsfrom C

DecimalFunctions

Ba

FoRep

SQDebuVaria

Keys

Decimal Functions14

deccvdbl(dbl, np) convert C double type to DECIMAL typedouble dbl;dec_t *np;

dectodbl(np, dblp) convert DECIMAL type to C double typedec_t *np;double *dblp;

decadd(n1, n2, result) add two decimal numbersdec_t *n1; (result = n1 + n2)dec_t *n2;dec_t *result;

decsub(n1, n2, result) subtract two decimal numbersdec_t *n1; (result = n1 - n2)dec_t *n2;dec_t *result;

decmul(n1, n2, result) multiply two decimal numbersdec_t *n1; (result = n1 * n2)dec_t *n2;dec_t *result;

decdiv(n1, n2, result) divide two decimal numbersdec_t *n1; (result = n1 / n2)dec_t *n2;dec_t *result;

int deccmp(n1, n2) compare two decimal numbersdec_t *n1;dec_t *n2;

deccopy(n1, n2) copy a decimal numberdec_t *n1;dec_t *n2;

char *dececvt(np, ndigit, decpt, sign) convert decimal value to ASCII stringdec_t *np;int ndigit;int *decpt;int *sign;

char *decfcvt(np, ndigit, decpt, sign) convert decimal value to ASCII stringdec_t *np;int ndigit;int *decpt;int *sign;

Display Attributes 15

sics4GLrmsortsSQLLCAggerbles

The ATTRIBUTE clause is used in these 4GL statements:

CONSTRUCT DISPLAY FORM INPUT ARRAYDISPLAY ERROR MESSAGEDISPLAY ARRAY INPUT PROMPT

For all ATTRIBUTE clauses and field attributes the following table shows theeffects of the color attributes on a monochrome monitor, as well as the effectsof the intensity attributes on a color monitor:

Color Monochrome Intensity ColorAttribute Display Attribute Display

WHITE NORMAL NORMAL WHITEYELLOW BOLD BOLD REDMAGENTA BOLD DIM BLUERED BOLDCYAN DIMGREEN DIMBLUE DIMBLACK DIM

DisplayAttributes

BLINK

UNDERLINE

,

ATTRIBUTE ( )

WHITE

RED

CYAN

GREEN

BLUE

BOLD

DIM

INVISIBLE

NORMAL

REVERSE

YELLOW

MAGENTA

BLACK

ATTRIBUTEClause

Ba

FoRep

SQDebuVaria

Keys

Command-Line Syntax16

Command-Line Syntax

-o outfile

-ansi -e -a -anyerr

-args

source.4gl

obj.o

yourlib

esqlc.ec

source.c

-V

c4gl

-o newfglgo

-V cfile

cfile

.c

.o

fgiusr.c .eccfglgo

-a -anyerr

argument

-V

filename

.4go

.4gi

fglgo

-ansi -a -anyerr -p pathname

source

.4gl

-V

fglpc

msg_numfinderr

Command-Line Syntax 17

-l lines -c characters

form-name

-V

-d

form4gl

-q

database-name

form-name

table-name

in file out filemkmessage

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Command-Line Syntax18

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

Debugger

4GL Statements

VariablesKeys

Types of SQL Statements20

INFORMIX-4GL supports the SQL language, but it is sometimes convenient todistinguish between SQL statements and other 4GL statements:

• SQL statements operate on tables in the database.

• Other 4GL statements operate on variables in memory.

The SQL statements of 4GL can be divided into these functional categories.

Note: Not all of these SQL statements listed on this and the next page are directly supported by4GL. If the statement or any part of its syntax is preceded by a 6.0 icon in its syntax diagramlater in this chapter, the statement must be prepared (by using the PREPARE statement). Prepar-ing SQL statements is described in Chapter 3 of the INFORMIX-4GL Reference.

SQL Data Definition Statements

ALTER INDEX CREATE TABLE DROP TABLEALTER TABLE CREATE VIEW DROP VIEWCLOSE DATABASE DATABASE RENAME COLUMNCREATE DATABASE DROP DATABASE RENAME TABLECREATE INDEX DROP INDEXCREATE SYNONYM DROP SYNONYM

SQL Data Manipulation Statements

INSERT LOAD UNLOADDELETE SELECT UPDATE

SQL Cursor Manipulation Statements

CLOSE FETCH OPENDECLARE FLUSH PUT

SQL Query Optimization Information Statements

SET EXPLAIN SET OPTIMIZATION UPDATE STATISTICS

SQL Data Access Statements

GRANT REVOKE SET LOCK MODELOCK TABLE SET ISOLATION UNLOCK TABLE

SQL Data Integrity Statements

BEGIN WORK DROP AUDIT ROLLFORWARD DATABASECHECK TABLE RECOVER TABLE SET CONSTRAINTSCOMMIT WORK REPAIR TABLE SET LOGCREATE AUDIT ROLLBACK WORK START DATABASE

Note: The data integrity statements marked with the symbol are supportedonly by the INFORMIX-SE engine. Statements marked can only be used with theINFORMIX-OnLine Dynamic Server engine.

Types ofSQLStatements

OL

SE

SE

SEOL

SESESE

SE

OLSE

OL

Other Types of 4GL Statements 21


SQL Dynamic Management Statements

EXECUTE PREPAREFREE

4GL Definition and Declaration Statements

DEFINE MAINFUNCTION REPORT

4GL Program Flow Control Statements

CALL FINISH REPORT OUTPUT TO REPORTCASE FOR RETURNCONTINUE FOREACH RUNDATABASE GOTO START REPORTEND IF WHILEEXIT LABEL

4GL Compiler Directives

DATABASE GLOBALSDEFER WHENEVER

4GL Storage Manipulation Statements

INITIALIZE LOCATELET VALIDATE

4GL Screen Interaction Statements

CLEAR DISPLAY FORM OPEN WINDOWCLOSE FORM ERROR OPTIONSCLOSE WINDOW INPUT PROMPTCONSTRUCT INPUT ARRAY SCROLLCURRENT WINDOW MENU SLEEPDISPLAY MESSAGEDISPLAY ARRAY OPEN FORM

4GL Report Execution Statements

NEED PRINTPAUSE SKIP

Most 4GL statements are not sensitive to whether the SE or the OnLineengine supports the application. Only the OnLine engine, however, canstore values in BYTE, TEXT, or VARCHAR columns, or can accept database:or database@system: as qualifiers to names of tables, views, or synonyms.

Other Typesof 4GLStatements

Ba

FoRep

SQDebuVaria

K

CALL22

CALL

, ,

RETURNING

function

ReceivingVariable

p. 29

4GL Expressionp. 39

( )

statementWHEN

EXIT CASE

4GL BooleanExpression

p. 40

statement

EXIT CASE

( )

Case I: (single criterion)

Case II: (multiple criteria)

WHEN

4GLExpression

(subset)p. 39

4GLExpression

(subset)p. 39

END CASE

OTHERWISEBlock

CASE

OTHERWISE Block

statementOTHERWISE

EXIT CASE

Field Clausep. 46

SCREEN

FORM

,

windowWINDOW

CLEAR

formCLOSE FORM

windowCLOSE WINDOW

CONSTRUCT 23

CONSTRUCT

ENDCONSTRUCT

ATTRIBUTEClausep. 37

CONSTRUCTForm

ManagementBlock

HELPnumber

CONSTRUCTVariableClause

CONSTRUCTVariable Clause

variable ON FROM

BY NAME variable ON

,

Field Clausep. 46

Column List

Column List

Column List,

table .

column

*

Table Qualifierp. 46

table .Table Qualifier

p. 46

CONSTRUCTForm Management

Block

BEFORE CONSTRUCT1

AFTER CONSTRUCT1

BEFORE FIELD

,

field

AFTER FIELD

ON KEY

,

key )(

statement

NEXT FIELD PREVIOUS

NEXT

CONTINUE CONSTRUCT

EXIT CONSTRUCT

FieldClausep. 46

CONTINUE keyword

window

SCREEN

CURRENT WINDOW IS

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

DEFER24

DEFER

QUIT

INTERRUPT

,

variable Data Type Declarationp. 37

DEFINE

Case I: (output in the Line mode overlay)

,

BY NAME

,

variable

,

Case III: (in a screen form)

DISPLAYValue

AT line, left-offset

TO


DISPLAYValue

,

FieldClausep. 46

,


DISPLAY

,

COLUMN left-offset

DISPLAYValue

Case II: (in a specified line of the current window)

DISPLAY Value

value

CLIPPED

USING format string" "

ASCII number

record array TO screen array . *

ON KEYBlockp. 25

ENDDISPLAY


DISPLAY ARRAY

DISPLAY FORM 25

These are valid keywords in the END statement:

CASE FOREACH INPUT PROMPTCONSTRUCT FUNCTION MAIN REPORTDISPLAY GLOBALS MENU WHILEFOR IF

These are valid keywords in Case II of the EXIT statement:

CASE FOR MENUCONSTRUCT FOREACH PROMPTDISPLAY INPUT WHILE

ON KEY Block

key nameON KEY ( ) statement

EXIT DISPLAY

,

DISPLAY FORM

ATTRIBUTE Clausep. 37

form

END keyword

" string"variable ATTRIBUTE

Clausep. 37

ERROR

,

EXIT

Case I: (terminating a program)

Case II: (terminating a statement)

)exit code(

PROGRAM

keyword

exit code

FINISH REPORT report

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

FOR26

FOR

CONTINUE FOR

EXIT FOR

END FORcounter = start TO finish statement

STEP increment

FOREACH cursor

CONTINUEFOREACH

END FOREACH

EXITFOREACH

statement

,

VariableList

INTO

Variable List

THRU

. first THROUGH

.*

record . last

IntegerExpression

p. 41

array

,

,

.

record

variable

[ ]3

) END FUNCTION

argument

,

RETURNStatement

p. 35

statementDEFINEStatement

p. 24

)

function (FUNCTION

GLOBALS

,

END GLOBALSDEFINE Statementp. 24

Case I: (declaring and exporting variables)

Case II: (importing variables)

" filename"

GOTO 27

GOTO label name

:

IF

ELSE

statement

statement

END IF4GL BooleanExpression

p. 40

THEN

VariableList

LIKE .columntable

.*

,

TO NULL

TableQualifier

p. 46

INITIALIZE

Variable List

last. first THROUGH

.*record .

IntegerExpression

p. 41

[array ]

,

,

.

record

variable

THRU

3

INPUT BindingClausep. 28 HELP number

INPUT FormManagement

Block

END INPUTATTRIBUTE

Clausep. 37

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

INPUT ARRAY28

Acceptable values of key (in lowercase or uppercase letters) for the ON KEY block are:

ACCEPT HELP NEXT or RETURN or ENTERDELETE INSERT NEXTPAGE RIGHTDOWN INTERRUPT PREVIOUS or TABESC or ESCAPE LEFT PREVPAGE UPF1 through F64CONTROL-char (except A, D, H, I, J, L, M, R, or X)

Built-in functions that access field buffers and keystroke buffers:

Built-In Funtion Description

FIELD_TOUCHED(field) Returns TRUE when the user has made a change to screen field.GET_FLDBUF(field-list) Returns the character values of the contents of one or more fields.FGL_LASTKEY( ) Returns an INTEGER value corresponding to the most recent keystroke.INFIELD(field) Returns TRUE if field is the name of the current screen field.

Binding Clause,

BY NAME

FROM fieldvariable

,

,

WITHOUT DEFAULTS

WITHOUT DEFAULTS

Field Clause(subset)

p. 46

variable

AFTER

FIELD statement

ON KEY

,

,

BEFORE

INPUT

Field Clausep. 46

NEXT FIELD

PREVIOUS

INPUT

NEXT

CONTINUE

EXITkey )(

field

INPUT ARRAY BindingClause

HELP numberINPUT ARRAY

FormManagement

Block

END INPUTATTRIBUTE

Clausep. 37

Binding Clause

FROM screen array . *program array

WITHOUT DEFAULTS

INPUT FormManagement Block

LABEL 29

For acceptable values of key, see p. 28. For built-in functions that access field buffersand keystroke buffers, see p. 28.

Built-in functions that keep track of the relative states of the screen cursor, the pro-gram array, and the screen array:

Function Description

ARR_CURR( ) Returns the number of the current record of the program array.ARR_COUNT( ) Returns the current number of records in the program array.SCR_LINE( ) Returns the number of the current line within the screen array.SET_COUNT(filled-rows) Sets the initial value of ARR_COUNT( ) to filled-rows.

INPUT ARRAYForm Management

Block

AFTER

FIELD

ON KEY

,

,

key

DELETE

BEFORE

INPUT

INSERT

fieldField Clausep. 46

NEXT FIELD

PREVIOUS

INPUT

NEXT

CONTINUE

EXIT

statement

ROW

Field Clausep. 46

( )

LABEL label identifier :

LET =

destination .* source .=

4GL Expressionp. 39

*

ReceivingVariable

blob

,

= NULL

Receiving Variable

Integer Expressionp. 41

[array ]

,

3

simple variable

record .

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

LOAD30

LOAD insertvariable

" filename"" character"DELIMITER

delimiter

file variableINSERTClause

FROM

INSERT Clause

,INSERT INTO

column

table

(Table Qualifier

p.46)

BYTE or TEXTVariable

" filename"IN MEMORY

FILE

variable

LOCATE

,

BYTE or TEXTVariable

. last

THRU

.first THROUGH record

array

,

.

record

variable

integer3

.*

[ ]

MAIN statement END MAIN

EXIT PROGRAMDEFINE

Statementp. 24 DEFER Statement

p. 24

DATABASEStatement

p. 72

END MENUMENU Control Block

variable

" title"MENU

MESSAGE 31

MENU ControlBlock

statement

HIDE

SHOW OPTION

ALL

optionname

,

CONTINUE MENU

EXIT MENU

NEXT OPTION option nameCOMMAND Block

BEFORE MENU

COMMAND Block

,

)keyKEY (3 HELP

number

option nameoption

description

COMMAND

MESSAGE


" string"

variable

,

form FROM " filename"OPEN FORM

OPEN WINDOW

OPENWINDOW


window AT top-line , left-offset WITH

FORM

variable

height ROWS , width COLUMNS

" filename"

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

OPEN WINDOW32

Attribute Default Setting

color Default foreground color on your terminalREVERSE No reverse videoBORDER No borderPROMPT LINE line value FIRST (=1)MESSAGE LINE line value FIRST + 1 (=2)MENU LINE line value FIRST (=1)FORM LINE line value FIRST + 2 (=3)COMMENT LINE line value LAST - 1 (for the 4GL screen)

LAST (for all other 4GL windows)

OPEN WINDOWAttribute Clause

BORDER

ATTRIBUTE ( )

YELLOW

MAGENTA

RED

CYAN

GREEN

BLUE

BLACK

PROMPT LINE

MESSAGE LINE

MENU LINE

FORM LINE

COMMENT LINE

REVERSE

,

ReservedLine

Position

DIM

NORMAL

BOLD

WHITE

Reserved LinePosition

FIRST

+

-

integer

LAST

OPTIONS 33

Clause Default

COMMENTLINE

LAST - 1 for the 4GL screenLAST for all other 4GL windows

ERROR LINE LAST line of the 4GL screenFORM LINE FIRST + 2 or line 3 of the current 4GL windowMENU LINE FIRST line of the 4GL windowMESSAGE LINE FIRST + 1 or line 2 of the current 4GL windowPROMPT LINE FIRST line of the 4GL window

ACCEPT KEY ESCAPEDELETE KEY F2INSERT KEY F1NEXT KEY F3PREVIOUS KEY F4HELP KEY CONTROL-WHELP FILE None

OPTIONS

,

COMMENT

ERROR

INPUT WRAP

ACCEPT

FILE " filename"HELP

DISPLAY

FIELD ORDER

CONSTRAINED

UNCONSTRAINED

KEY key

FIRST

LAST

+

-

LINE

NO WRAP

OPTIONSATTRIBUTE

Clausep. 34

number

ATTRIBUTE

SQL INTERRUPT

ON

OFF

PROMPT

MESSAGE

MENU

FORM

PREVIOUS

INSERT

NEXT

DELETE

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

OUTPUT TO REPORT34

For values for key, see p. 28.

OPTIONSATTRIBUTE Clause

REVERSE

BLINK

UNDERLINE

,

ATTRIBUTE ( )

WHITE

YELLOW

MAGENTA

RED

CYAN

GREEN

BLUE

BLACK

BOLD

DIM

FORM

WINDOW

INVISIBLE

NORMAL

OUTPUT TO REPORT report

,

( )4GL Expressionp. 39

blob

,

CHAR

response

END PROMPT



keyON KEY ( ) statement

,

variable HELP number

FOR" string"PROMPT

REPORT 35

REPORT END REPORT)

argument DEFINEStatement

p. 24

)

( FORMATSection

p. 58

OUTPUTSection

p. 56

ORDER BYSection

p. 57

,report

,

4GL Expressionp. 39

RETURN

RUN

WITHOUT WAITING

character variable

" command "

RETURNING integer variable

DOWN

UP

,

SCROLL Field Clausep. 46

BY lines

IntegerExpression

p. 41

SLEEP

PIPE

report

PRINTER

" filename"TO

" command "

variable

START REPORT

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

UNLOAD36

UNLOAD

DELIMITER

select variable

SELECTStatement

p. 82

" character"" filename"file variable

delimiter variable

TO

LIKEVariableList

.columntable

.*

,

TableQualifier

p. 46

VALIDATE

Variable List

. first THROUGH

.*

IntegerExpression

p. 41

[array ]

,

,

.

record

variable

THRU

3

record . last

+SQLERROR

NOT FOUND

ANY

CONTINUE

GOTO

CALL function

STOP

+labelERROR

+

SQLWARNING

WARNING

GO TO : label+

WHENEVER

statement

EXIT WHILE

CONTINUE WHILE

END WHILE4GL BooleanExpression

p. 40

WHILE

ATTRIBUTE Clause 37

ATTRIBUTEClause

BLINK

UNDERLINE

,

ATTRIBUTE ( )

WHITE

RED

CYAN

GREEN

BLUE

BOLD

DIM

INVISIBLE

NORMAL

REVERSE

YELLOW

MAGENTA

BLACK

4GLStatementSegments

Data TypeDeclaration

LIKE

4GL Data Type

table . column


4GL Data Type

RECORD Data Typep. 39

4GL Simple Data Typep. 38

ARRAY Data Typep. 38

TEXT

BYTE

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

4GL Simple Data Type38

4GL SimpleData Type

, scale

DATETIME Qualifierp. 44

INTERVAL Qualifierp. 45

VARCHAR

, reserve size

FLOAT

DOUBLE PRECISION precision

SMALLFLOAT

REAL

DATE

DATETIME

INTERVAL

CHARACTER

CHAR

( 1 )

(16)

, 2

MONEY

size

( )

( )

( )

precision

, scale((

(16, 2))

, 0

SMALLINT

DECIMAL

precision )NUMERIC

DEC

maximum size

INTEGER

INT

Array Data Type

4GL Simple Data Typep. 38

ARRAY ]

RECORD Data Typep. 39

BYTE

TEXT

size OF[ 3

,

RECORD Data Type 39

RECORD Data Type

Data Type Declarationp. 37

member END RECORD

,

RECORD

table .*LIKE


4GL Expression

Character Expressionp. 42

Number Expressionp. 42.


Time Expressionp. 43


p. 40

)( 4GL Expression

Named Value

IntegerExpression

p. 41

,

[array ]

constant

3

record .

variable

Function Call

,function

4GLExpression

p. 39

( )

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

4GL Boolean Expression40


NOT

OR

Boolean Comparison

TRUE

AND

4GL Expressionp. 39

Function Callp. 39

FALSE

BooleanComparison

Set Membership Testp. 41

NULL Testp. 41

String Comparison

Relational Comparison

RelationalComparison

<>

<=>=<>!=

4GL Expressionp. 39

4GL Expressionp. 39

=

String Comparison

MATCHES

LIKENOT

CharacterExpression

p. 42

criterion

ESCAPE " char"

NULL Test 41

MATCHESWildcard Effect

* Matches a string of zero or more characters.? Matches any single character.[ ] Matches any of the enclosed characters.- Between characters in brackets means a range in the ASCII collating

sequence.^ As the first character in the brackets, matches any character that is not listed.\ Treats the next character as a literal.

LIKEWildcard Effect

% Matches a string of zero or more characters._ Matches any single character.\ Treats the next character as a literal.

NULL Test

4GL Expressionp. 39

IS NULL

blob variableNOT

Set MembershipTest

4GL Expressionp. 39

IN 4GL Expressionp. 39

( ),

NOT

Integer Expression

MOD

**

+

-

*/

Literal Integerp. 42

Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39

-+

Case II: Differences between DATE values

Case I: Pure integers


p. 40

-DATE Valuep. 43

DATE Valuep. 43

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Literal Integer42

Literal Integer

digit

-+

NumberExpression

MOD

**

+-

*/


p. 40

Literal Number

Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39-

+

IntegerExpression

p. 41

Literal Number

digit

E-+

digit

e

. digit

. -

+

CharacterExpression

IntegerExpression

p. 41

IntegerExpression

p. 41

CLIPPED USING " format-string"Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39

character

[ ]

,

" "

Time Expression 43

Time Expression

INTERVAL Valuep. 43

DATETIME Valuep. 43

DATE Valuep. 43

DATE Value

"

TODAY

USING " format string"Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39

" Numeric Datep. 44

DATETIME Value

,EXTEND (

CURRENT DATETIME Qualifierp. 44

)DATETIMEValue

DATE Value

DATETIME Literalp. 44

Numeric Date and Timep. 44

""

Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39

DATETIME Qualifierp. 44

INTERVAL Value

INTERVAL Literalp. 45

Numeric Time Intervalp. 46

""

Function Callp. 39

Named Valuep. 39


UNITS keyword

-

+ Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Numeric Date44

Numeric Date

yymo

yyyyseparator dd separator

DATETIMEQualifier

YEAR

MONTH

DAY

MINUTE

SECOND

FRACTION

HOUR

( scale )

TO DAY

TO HOUR

TO MINUTE

TO SECOND

TO FRACTION

TO YEAR

TO MONTH

(3)

DATETIME LiteralDATETIME QualifierNumeric Date

and TimeDATETIME ( )

Numeric Date andTime

yyyy

-mo

-dd

space

hh

mi

ss

fffff

:

.

:

INTERVAL Qualifier 45

INTERVALQualifier

DAY

MINUTE

SECOND

FRACTION

TO DAY

TO HOUR

TO MINUTE

TO SECOND

TO FRACTION

HOUR

(precision)

(precision)

(precision)

(precision)

( scale )

YEAR

MONTH

TO YEAR

TO MONTH

(y-precision)

(precision)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(4)

(3)Case II: Time units greater than DAY

Case I: Time units smaller than MONTH

INTERVAL Literal

( )Numeric Time Intervalp. 46

INTERVAL INTERVALQualifier

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Numeric Time Interval46

Case II: Time units greater than DAY

Numeric TimeInterval Case I: Time units smaller than MONTH

dd

space

hh

mi

ss

fffff

.

-

:

:

yyyy

-mo

-

Field Clause,

. *

field

FORMONLY

THRUNotation

line[ ][ 1 ]

table reference

screen record

screen array

Table Qualifier

@server

database

OL

:owner.

" owner."

THRU Notation

THROUGH same.lastfirst

THRU

4GL Forms

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

DATABASE Section48

FormSpecificationSyntax ATTRIBUTES

Sectionp. 49

DATABASESection

SCREENSection

TABLESSection

p. 49

INSTRUCTIONSSection

p. 49

DATABASE

DATABASESection

FORMONLY

databaseDATABASE SectionDatabase Reference WITHOUT NULL INPUT

DATABASE SectionDatabaseReference

" / / server / database"

database

database @server

OL

SE " / pathname / database @server"

" / / server / pathname / database"

SCREENSection

SCREEN { }Screen Layout

ENDSIZE lines BY characters

Screen Layout

character

field-tag[ ]

[ field-tag | field-tag ]

TABLES Section 49

TABLESSection

TABLES

alias = Table Qualifierp. 46

END

table

ATTRIBUTESSection

ATTRIBUTES

END

;field-tag = Field Description

Field Description

column

FORMONLY. field name

data-type NOT NULL

TYPE LIKE table .

,

,

Attributesp. 50

INSTRUCTIONSSection

INSTRUCTIONS recordSCREEN RECORD

array

DELIMITERS

size END

( )

"

[ ]

"opening-delimiter closing-delimiter

Field Listp. 50

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Field List50

Values for display mode consists of zero or one color and zero or more intensities:

Color Keywords Intensity Keywords

BLACK MAGENTA REVERSEBLUE RED LEFTCYAN WHITE BLINKGREEN YELLOW UNDERLINE

Field List

table

,

reference *

first

last

THROUGHreferencetable

THRU

.

.

Attributes

AUTONEXTAttribute

AUTONEXT

COLOR Attribute

COLOR =

WHERE BooleanExpressions

for 4GL Formsp. 51

display mode

Boolean Expressions for 4GL Forms 51

BooleanExpressions for

4GL Forms

IS

NOT

field-tag

=<>

<=>=< >!=

NOT

OR

FALSE

AND

4GL Expression(Subset)

p. 39

BETWEEN

IN

AND

(

4GLExpression

(Subset)p. 39

4GLExpression

(Subset)p. 39

)

field-tag

NOT

field-tag

NULL

field-tag

field-tag

CharacterExpression

p. 42ESCAPE " char"LIKE

character" "MATCHES


p. 39


p. 39

TRUE

,

)( Boolean Expressionfor 4GL Forms

COMMENTSAttribute

COMMENTS = " message"

DEFAULTAttribute

DEFAULT = value

DISPLAY LIKEAttribute

DISPLAY LIKE column

table .

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

DOWNSHIFT Attribute52

For DATE data types, format-string consists of:

All other characters are literals.

For DECIMAL, SMALLFLOAT, or FLOAT data types, format-string consistsof pound signs (#) to represent digits and a decimal point. If you are using NLS,the period is a placeholder for the decimal separator and the comma is aplaceholder for the thousands separator.

SpecialCharacters Meaning

mm 2-digit representation of the monthmmm 3-letter abbreviation of the monthdd 2-digit representation of the day of the monthddd 3-letter abbreviation of the day of the weekyy 2-digit representation of the year, discarding

the leading digitsyyyy 4-digit representation of the year

DOWNSHIFTAttribute

DOWNSHIFT

FORMATAttribute

FORMAT = " format-string"

INCLUDE Attribute

INCLUDE = (

TO

)

,

NULL

value

value

INVISIBLE Attribute

INVISIBLE

NOENTRY Attribute

NOENTRY

PICTURE Attribute 53

A format-string can include these three special symbols:

Symbol Meaning

A Any letter# Any digitX Any character

PICTURE Attribute

PICTURE " format-string"=

PROGRAMAttribute

PROGRAM = " command "

REQUIREDAttribute

REQUIRED

REVERSEAttribute

REVERSE

UPSHIFT Attribute

UPSHIFT

VALIDATE LIKEAttribute

VALIDATE LIKE column

table .

VERIFY Attribute

VERIFY

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

WORDWRAP Attribute54

WORDWRAPAttribute

WORDWRAP

COMPRESS

NONCOMPRESS

Reports

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

REPORT56

REPORT END REPORT)

argument DEFINESection

)

( FORMATSection

p. 58

OUTPUTSection

p. 56

ORDER BYSection

p. 57

,report

ReportSpecificationSyntax

DEFINESection ,

variable data typeData Type Declaration(Subset) p. 37

DEFINE

OUTPUTSection

REPORT TO " filename "

BOTTOM

RIGHT

TOP

LEFT

PAGE LENGTH

TOP OF PAGE

PIPE

MARGIN

" command "

" string "

variable

size

PRINTER

OUTPUT

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

ORDER BY Section 57

LEFT MARGIN size (default = 5 characters)

MARGIN size

MARGIN size

RIGHT MARGIN size (default = 132 lines)

PAGE LENGTH size

(default = 3 lines)

(default = 3 lines)

(default = 66 lines)

TOP

BOTTOM

(for default reports or PRINT WORDWRAP only)

EXTERNAL

BY argument

ASC

DESC

, ORDER BY

Section

ORDER

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

FORMAT Section58

Following is the execution sequence of report control blocks.

BEFORE GROUP OF a {1}BEFORE GROUP OF b {2}

BEFORE GROUP OF c {3}ON EVERY ROW {4}

AFTER GROUP OF c {3}AFTER GROUP OF b {2}

AFTER GROUP OF a {1}

FORMATSection

FORMAT END REPORT

BEFORE GROUP OFControl Block

AFTER GROUP OFControl Block

ON LAST ROWControl Block p. 59

ON EVERY ROWControl Block p. 59

PAGE TRAILERControl Block p. 59

FIRST PAGE HEADERControl Block

PAGE HEADERControl Block p. 59

EVERY ROW

1

1

1

1

1

AFTER GROUP OFControl Block

AFTER GROUP OF variable statement

BEFORE GROUPOF

Control Block

BEFORE GROUP OF variable statement

FIRST PAGE HEADER Control Block 59

sics

FIRST PAGEHEADER

Control Block

FIRST PAGE HEADER statement

PAGE HEADERControl Block

PAGE HEADER statement

ON EVERY ROWControl Block

ON EVERY ROW statement

ON LAST ROWControl Block

ON LAST ROW statement

PAGE TRAILERControl Block

PAGE TRAILER statement

ReportExecutionStatements

lines LINESNEED

" string "PAUSE

Ba
4GL
FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

PRINT60

PRINT 4GL Expressionp. 39

FILE

LINENO

PAGENO

COLUMN

SPACES

" filename"

WORDWRAP RIGHT MARGIN

left offset

temporary

Aggregate Report Functions

relative offset SPACE

TEXT variable

BYTE variable

;

CharacterExpression

p. 42

,

Aggregate ReportFunctions

GROUP

PERCENT ( * )COUNT

AVG

SUM

MAX

MIN ( )

WHERE4GL BooleanExpression

p. 40

( )

Number Expressionp. 42

INTERVAL Valuep. 43

4GL Expressionp. 39

( )

integer

TO TOP OF PAGE

LINE

LINES

SKIP

SQL Statements

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

ALTER INDEX62

The 4GL source compiler does not recognize SQL statements identified in this Guideby the icon nor SQL statements containing a clause identified by theicon. To compile 4GL source code containing such statements, you must do thefollowing:

1. Store the 6.0 SQL statement as a character string.

2. Set up the statement for execution by means of the PREPARE statement (see p. 79).

3. Process the statement by means of the EXECUTE statement (see p. 75).

SE6.0 SE6.0

ALTER INDEX TO

NOT

CLUSTERIndex Name

p. 92

+

ALTER TABLE

SynonymNamep. 92

DROP Clause p. 63

MODIFY Clause p. 63

LOCK MODEClause p. 64

MODIFY NEXT SIZEClause p. 64

DROP CONSTRAINTClause p. 64

ADD CONSTRAINTClause p. 64

ADD Clause

OL

Table Namep. 92

+,

,

Add ColumnClausep. 63

( )

ADD

ADD Clause6.0

Add ColumnClausep. 63

ALTER TABLE 63

,

BEFORE column name

newcolumnname

DEFAULTClausep. 67

NOTNULL Column-Level

Constraint Definitionp. 68

6.0

Add ColumnClause

SQLData Type

p. 93

,

column name

column nameDROP

( )

DROP Clause

6.0

,

Modify ColumnClause

( )

MODIFY

Modify ColumnClause

MODIFY Clause

6.0

, columnname

SQLData Type

p. 93

DEFAULTClausep. 67

NOTNULL

Modify ColumnClause

6.0 Column-LevelConstraint Definition

p. 68

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

BEGIN WORK64

,

( )

ADD CONSTRAINT

ConstraintDefinition

p. 68

ADDCONSTRAINT

Clause

6.0


p. 68

,

( )

DROP CONSTRAINT

ConstraintNamep. 92

ConstraintNamep. 92

6.0

DROPCONSTRAINT

Clause

MODIFY NEXT SIZE kbytes

MODIFYNEXT SIZE

Clause

( )LOCK MODE PAGE

ROW

LOCK MODEClause

BEGIN WORK

+

CLOSECursorNamep. 92

CLOSE DATABASE 65

CLOSEDATABASE

+

COMMIT WORK

CREATE AUDIT FOR IN " pathname"TableNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+SE

CREATEDATABASE

IN dbspace

OL Log Clause

SE Log ClauseSEOL

OL

DatabaseNamep. 93

MODE ANSI

SE Log Clause

WITH LOG IN pathname

BUFFERED

LOG

LOG MODE ANSI

OL Log Clause

WITH

+

" "

databasename ""

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

CREATE INDEX66

CREATE INDEX

CLUSTER

DISTINCT

UNIQUE

ONClause

FILLFACTOR percent

OL

+

SynonymNamep. 92

ON TableNamep. 92

,

column name

DESC

ASC

( )ON Clause

IndexNamep. 92

6.0

filenameCREATE

PROCEDUREFROM " "

+6.0

Named Value p. 103

CREATE FOR

View Namep. 92

Table Namep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

PRIVATE

PUBLIC

+

6.0

SYNONYM

CREATE TABLE 67

CREATE

tempTEMPTABLE name

table

TableName p. 92


p. 68

+

StorageOptionp. 69

( )Column

Definitionp. 67

Temp TableConstraintDefinition

p. 68

( )

,Temp Table

ColumnDefinition

, ,

TABLE ,

,

,

WITH NO LOG

column SQL Data Typep. 93

Column Definition

Column-LevelConstraintDefinition

NOT NULL

DEFAULTClause

6.0

Temp TableColumn Definition

column

NOT NULL

DEFAULTClause

SQL Data Typep. 93

Temp TableColumn

Constraintp.68

6.0

DEFAULT

DEFAULT Clause ConstantExpression

p. 97

NULL Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

CREATE TABLE68

UNIQUE

PRIMARY KEY

ConstraintNamep. 92

+

REFERENCESClausep. 69

CHECKClausep. 69

CONSTRAINT

Column-LevelConstraintDefinition

6.0

+

DISTINCT

Temp-Table ColumnConstraint

UNIQUE

PRIMARYKEY

CHECKClausep. 69

DISTINCT

+

UNIQUE

PRIMARY KEY

column

,

)(

FOREIGN KEY REFERENCESClausep. 69

+

CHECKClausep. 69

CONSTRAINT

column

,

)(

ConstraintDefinitiion

6.0

+

DISTINCT

ConstraintNamep. 92

CREATE TABLE 69

Temp-TableConstraintDefinition

UNIQUE column

,

)(

CHECKClausep. 69

DISTINCT

PRIMARY KEY

+

REFERENCESClause

( )

TableNamep. 92 ,

column

REFERENCES

ON DELETE CASCADE

OL+

6.0

CHECK Clause

)( Conditionp. 91CHECK

IN dbspace

SE

OL

LOCK MODEClausep. 70

Extent Option

Storage Option

IN pathname" "

Extent Option

EXTENT SIZE first kpages NEXT SIZE next kpages

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

CREATE TRIGGER70

LOCK MODE

PAGE

ROW

LOCK MODEClause

CREATE TRIGGER

+6.0

TriggerName

DELETE

UPDATEClausep. 71

ON

ON

InsertREFERENCING

Clausep. 71

ActionClause

71

TableNamep. 92

DeleteREFERENCING

Clausep. 71

ActionClausep. 71

TableNamep. 92

UpdateREFERENCING

Clausep. 72

ActionClausep. 71

TableNamep. 92

INSERT ON

ActionClause

Referencingp. 72

ActionClause

Referencingp. 72

ActionClause

Referencingp. 72

Trigger Name

Identifierp. 100

owner.

CREATE TRIGGER 71

UPDATE Clause

,

column name

UPDATE

OF

Action Clause

FOR EACHROW

BEFORETriggeredAction List

p. 72 TriggeredAction List

p. 72AFTER

TriggeredAction List

p. 72

FOR EACHROW


p. 72

AFTERTriggeredAction List

p. 72

AFTERTriggeredAction List

p. 72

INSERTREFERENCING

ClauseREFERENCING NEW correlation name

AS

DELETEREFERENCING

Clause

REFERENCING OLD correlation name

AS

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

CREATE VIEW72

UPDATEREFERENCING

Clause

1

REFERENCING

AS

OLD correlationname

AS

NEW correlationname

1

ACTION ClauseReferencing

TriggeredAction ListBEFORE

FOR EACHROW


AFTER TriggeredAction List

Triggered ActionList

,

Conditionp. 91WHEN

INSERTStatement

p. 77

UPDATEStatement

p. 88

DELETEStatement

p. 73

,

( )

( )

EXECUTEPROCEDURE

p. 75

CREATE VIEW AS

( )

,View

Name p. 92

SELECT(Subset)

p. 82

columnname

WITH CHECKOPTION

DATABASE

+

EXCLUSIVE

DatabaseNamep. 93

DECLARE 73

DECLARE

,

INSERTStatement(Subset)

p. 77

SELECTStatement

p. 82

FOR

+

++

+

WITHHOLD

FOR

SELECTStatement(Subset)

p. 82

WITHHOLD

SCROLLCURSOR

CURSOR

FORUPDATE

CursorNamep. 92

PreparedStatement

Namep. 103

columnOF

DELETE FROM

CURRENT OF

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

Conditionp. 91

SynonymNamep. 92

CursorNamep. 92

WHERE

Table Namep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

FORDROP AUDIT

+SE

DROP DATABASE

+

databasename

DatabaseNamep. 93

""

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

DROP INDEX74

DROP INDEXIndexNamep. 92

+

DROPPROCEDURE

ProcedureNamep. 92

+6.0

DROP SYNONYMSynonym

Namep. 92

+

DROP TABLE TableNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+

DROP TRIGGER TriggerNamep. 70

+6.0

DROP VIEW ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+

EXECUTE 75

A procedure that returns no values must be executed by using PREPARE andEXECUTE. A procedure that returns values must be handled by using PREPARE andDECLARE, and then either a FOREACH loop or OPEN, FETCH, or CLOSE.

EXECUTE

,

USING

PreparedStatement

Name p. 103

+

Named Value p. 103

EXECUTEPROCEDURE

+6.0

,

ProcedureNamep. 92

( ),

Argument INTO Named Value p. 103

FETCH

PRIOR

FIRST

LAST

PREVIOUS

CURRENT

ABSOLUTE

-

++NEXT

INTO

,

data variable

RELATIVE

+

CursorName p. 92

row position

Named Value p. 103

FLUSHCursorName p. 92

+

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

FREE76

The 4GL compiler treats the name of the object to be freed in the order shown in thediagram. In other words, the compiler looks first for a TEXT or BYTE variable havingthe given name; if one exists, that is the object that is freed. If no TEXT or BYTE vari-able having that name exists, the compiler then looks for a prepared statement or acursor having that name and frees that.

When a TEXT or BYTE variable has the same name as a prepared statement or cursor,you cannot free resources allocated to the prepared statement or to the cursor.

FREE

CursorName p. 92

+

PreparedStatement

Name p. 103

TEXT or BYTENamed Value

p. 103

GRANT

ON

WITH GRANT OPTION

TO PUBLIC

user

,

AS grantor

TO PUBLIC

user

,

TableNamep. 92

+

+

ViewNamep. 92

Database-Level

Privilegesp. 81

Table-Level

Privilegesp. 77

SynonymNamep. 92

EXECUTE ONProcedure

Namep. 92

6.0

INSERT INTO 77

ALL

PRIVILEGES

DELETE

SELECT

UPDATE

REFERENCES

INDEX

ALTER

+

INSERT

Table-LevelPrivileges

,

6.0

,

columnname

( )+

,

columnname

( )

,

columnname

( )

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

INSERT INTO

,

SynonymNamep. 92

,

columnname

( )

TableName p. 92

ViewName p. 92

EXECUTE PROCEDUREProcedure

Namep. 92

Argumentp. 78

)(

VALUES Clause p. 78


p. 82

6.0Basics

4GLForms

ReportsSQL

SQLCADebuggerVariables

Keys

INSERT INTO78

SPL parameter name =

Argument

SELECTStatement(singleton)

p. 82

SPLExpression

p. 112

NULL

)VALUES Clause

VALUES (

,

ConstantExpression

p. 97

Named Value p. 103

THRU

.*

. member

. member

RecordReference

p. 104

RecordReference

p. 104

RecordReference

p. 104

LOAD FROM 79

LOAD FROM

(

,

)

INSERT INTO

DELIMITER " delimiter"

column

TableNamep. 92

" filename "

SynonymNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

+

Named Value p. 103

Named Value p. 103

Named Value p. 103

LOCK TABLE IN SHARE

EXCLUSIVE

MODETableNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+

OPEN

,

USING

CursorName p. 92

Named Value p. 103

PREPAREQuotedString p. 104

FROM

PreparedStatement

Name p. 103

Named Value p. 103

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

PUT80

PUT

,

FROM

CursorName p. 92

+

Named Value p. 103

RECOVER TABLETableNamep. 92

+SE

TableNamep. 92

+. old column TO new columnRENAME COLUMN

RENAME TABLE

owner .

old name TO new name

+

REVOKE ON FROM PUBLIC

user

,

SynonymNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

TableNamep. 92


p. 81

Database-LevelPrivileges

p. 81

Procedure Namep. 92

+

6.0 EXECUTE ON

ROLLBACK WORK 81

PRIVILEGES

SELECT

UPDATE

INSERT

DELETE

INDEX

ALTER

,

REFERENCES

ALL


6.0

CONNECT

RESOURCE

DBA

Database-LevelPrivileges

ROLLBACK WORK

ROLLFORWARDDATABASE

DatabaseNamep. 93

+SE

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

SELECT82

SELECT

UNION

UNION ALLFROMClausep. 83

HAVINGClausep. 85

GROUP BYClausep. 85

WHEREClausep. 84

SelectClause

ORDER BYClausep. 86

INTO TEMPClausep. 86

+

INTOClausep. 83

SelectItemp. 83

SELECT Clause,

DISTINCT

ALL

+

UNIQUE

SELECT 83

Select Item

*

.

.

.Synonym

Namep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

TableNamep. 92

SQL Expressionp. 96

AS

+display label

INTOINTO Clause

,

Named Value p. 103

FROMAdditional

Tablesp. 84

,

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

tablealias

FROM Clause

AS

+

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

SELECT84

Additional Tables

OUTER

OUTER

( )

,

+

,

table alias

AdditionalTables

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

tablealias

table alias

AS

+

AS

AS

WHERE

AND

Conditionp. 91

Joinp. 85

WHERE Clause

SELECT 85

.

.

.

.

Join RelationalOperator

p. 104column name

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

table alias

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

table alias

column name

.

.

.

.

GROUP BY

,

select number

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+

GROUP BY Clause

table alias

column name

.

.

.

.

HAVING Conditionp. 91

HAVING Clause

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

SET CONSTRAINTS86

ORDER BY

,

ASC

DESC

ORDER BY Clause

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

.

.table alias

select number

column name

display label

.

.

rowid

INTO TEMP Clause

WITH NO LOG

INTO TEMP temp table name

SETCONSTRAINTS IMMEDIATEALL

,Constraint Name

p. 92

+

DEFERRED

6.0OL

SET DEBUG FILE TO filename" "

WITH APPEND

character expression

+6.0

Named Value p. 103

SET EXPLAIN 87

SET EXPLAIN

+OFF

ON

SET ISOLATION DIRTY READ

COMMITTED READ

CURSOR STABILITY

REPEATABLE READ

TO

+OL

SET LOCK MODE WAIT

NOT WAIT

seconds

OL

+TO

SET LOG

BUFFERED

+OL

SETOPTIMIZATION

+6.0

HIGH

LOW

MODE ANSI

WITH LOG IN " pathname"Database

Namep. 93

+SE

START DATABASE

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

UNLOAD88

UNLOAD

+TO

DELIMITER " delimiter "" filename " SELECT

Statementp. 82

Named Value p. 103

Named Value p. 103

UNLOCK TABLETableNamep. 92

SynonymNamep. 92

+

UPDATE SET

WHERE

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

Conditionp. 91

SET Clausep. 89

SynonymNamep. 92

CURRENT OFCursorNamep.92

UPDATE 89

*

,

( ) = ( )

=column name

columnname

TableNamep. 92

ViewNamep. 92

.*

.*

.*

SQL Expression(Subset)

p. 96


p. 82

SQL Expression(Subset)

p. 96


p. 82

SynonymNamep. 92

SET Clause

,

ReferencedValues

( )

ReferencedValues

. member

,

Record Reference

p. 104

Referenced Values

. member THRU

.*

. member

Record Reference

p. 104

Record Reference

p. 104

Record Reference

p. 104. member

RecordReference

p. 104

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

UPDATE STATISTICS90

UPDATESTATISTICS

+

FOR PROCEDURE6.0

ProcedureNamep. 92

LOWFOR

TABLE TableSpecification

6.0

DROP DISTRIBUTIONS

6.0

MEDIUM

FORTABLE RESOLUTION

percentconf

HIGH

FORTABLE RESOLUTION percent

6.0

TableSpecification

TableSpecification

Table Specification

Synonym Namep. 92

6.0

( )

,

column

Table Namep. 92

WHENEVER

+SQLERROR

NOT FOUND

ANY

CONTINUE

CALL function name

ERROR

STOP

+:label

label

WARNING

SQLWARNING

GO TO

GOTO

6.0

Condition 91

Condition

AND

OR

NOT

ComparisonCondition

INSubquery

p. 92

EXISTSSubquery

p. 92

ALL/ANY/SOMESubquery

p. 92

SQLSegments

ComparisonCondition

RelationalOperator

p. 104

IS

SQL Expressionp. 96

NOT

NOT

NOT

LIKEQuotedStringp. 104

,

BETWEEN AND

)(

MATCHES

INConstant

Expressionp. 97

NULL

NOT

+

+

ColumnExpression

p. 96

ColumnExpression

p. 96

NamedValue p. 103

SQL Expressionp. 96

SQL Expressionp. 96

SQL Expressionp. 96

SQL Expressionp. 96

SQL Expressionp. 96

ESCAPE " character"Basics

4GLForms

ReportsSQL

SQLCADebuggerVariables

Keys

IN Subquery92

IN Subquery

NOT

IN ( )SELECT(Subset)

p. 82

SQL Expressionp. 96

EXISTS Subquery

NOT

EXISTS ( )SELECT(Subset)

p. 82

ALL/ANY/SOMESubquery Relational

Operatorp. 104

ALL

ANY

SOME

SELECT(Subset)

p. 82)(SQL Expression

p. 96

Constraint Name

Synonym Name

@dbservername

' owner.'database

OL

Identifierp. 100

:

Table Name

View Name

Procedure Name

Index Name

Cursor NameIdentifierp. 100

Database Name 93

For SE engines, database identifiers can have up to ten characters in UNIX.

When the identifier for a database is also the name of a 4GL variable, the compiler usesthe variable. To override this compiler action, quote the database identifier.

Database NameIdentifierp. 100

@dbservernameOL

" //dbservername/dbname"

"/ pathname/dbname@dbservername"

SE

OL

Named Value p. 103

"// dbservername/pathname/dbname"

SQL Data TypeCharacterData Type

p. 94

NumberData Type

p. 94

TimeData Type

p. 95

Large ObjectData Type

p. 95 Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Character Data Type94

Character DataType

( 1 )

CHAR

VARCHAROL+

,0

NCHAR

CHARACTER6.0

+NLS

)size(

, reserve

)

6.0NLS

NVARCHAR

maximum(

NumberData Type

MONEY

REAL

( )+

+

+

16

precision

SERIAL

(start)

, 2, scale

INT

INTEGER

DOUBLE PRECISION

SMALLINT

( float precision )

FLOAT

SMALLFLOAT

DECIMAL

DEC

NUMERIC

precision( )

, scale16

( 1 )

Time Data Type 95

TimeData Type

+

+ DATETIME Field Qualifier

DATE

+ INTERVAL Field Qualifierp. 101

DATETIME

INTERVAL

Large ObjectData Type

BYTE IN TABLE

blobspace

OL+ TEXT

DATETIMEField Qualifier

YEAR

MONTH

DAY

MINUTE

SECOND

FRACTION

TO YEAR

TO MONTH

TO DAY

TO HOUR

TO MINUTE

TO SECOND

TO FRACTION

HOUR

( 3 )(digit)

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

SQL Expression96

When you refer to a column whose name is identical to that of a variable, youmust prefix the column name with an @ symbol; otherwise the 4GL compilertreats it as a variable.

SQL Expression

/

-

*

+

-+

Column Expression

p. 96

ConstantExpression

p. 97

FunctionExpression

p. 98

AggregateExpression

p. 100

)(

| |6.0

n UNITS datetime unit

Named Valuep. 103

SQL Expression

[first, last ]

table alias

TableNamep. 92

+

SynonymNamep. 92

ColumnExpression

.column name

ROWID

ViewNamep. 92

.

.

.

+@

Constant Expression 97

ConstantExpression

SITENAME

Literal Numberp. 103+

DATETIME FieldQualifier

p. 95

Literal DATETIMEp. 101

Literal INTERVALp. 102

OL

DBSERVERNAME

6.0

CURRENT

TODAY

USER

Quoted Stringp. 104

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Function Expression98

FunctionExpression

( ), ,

EXTEND ( ),

)

variable name

+

Quoted Stringp. 104

integerexpression

monthinteger

expression

dayinteger

expression

year

column name

.Table Namep. 92

(

( integer expression )HEX

DATETIMEField Qualifier

p. 95

date expression

datetime expression

date expression

datetime expression

SPL Expressionp. 112 )(Procedure

Namep. 92

6.0

MDY

LENGTH

DATE nondate expression )(

WEEKDAY

MONTH

YEAR

DAY

Algebraic Functionsp.99

DBINFO Functionp. 99

Exponential and Logarithmic Functionsp. 99

Trigonometric Functionsp. 100

( )

Algebraic Functions 99

AlgebraicFunctions

SQLExpression

p. 96

ABS

base, exponent

integer expression

numeric expression

ROUND

, rounding factor

dividend, divisor

POW

MOD

ROOT radicand

TRUNC

, truncating factor

SQRT

, index

)(

)

)

(

(

( )

)(

( )

)(

, 2

, 0

, 0

SQLExpression

p. 96

6.0

DBINFO Function

DBINFO 'DBSPACE' ,

'sqlca.sqlerrd1'

'sqlca.sqlerrd2'

OL tblspace num

expression

( )

Exponentialand Logarithmic

Functions

LOG10

float expressionLOGN

EXP float expression

float expression

)

)

)

(

(

(

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Trigonometric Functions100

TrigonometricFunctions

TAN

SIN

COS

ATAN2 y, x

numeric expression

radian expression )(

)

)

(

(

ACOS

ASIN

ATAN

AggregateExpression

TableNamep. 92

( )columnname

AVG

MAX

MIN

SUM

COUNT

DISTINCT

AVG

MAX

MIN

SUM

(

ALL

Expression(Subset)

p. 96

)

.

COUNT (*)

(

UNIQUE

DISTINCT

UNIQUE

Identifierletter

17 letter

digit

underscore

INTERVAL Field Qualifier 101

INTERVALField Qualifier

YEAR

MONTH

DAY

MINUTE

SECOND

FRACTION

TO YEAR

TO MONTH

TO DAY

TO HOUR

TO MINUTE

TO SECOND

TO FRACTION

HOUR

(y-precision)(4)

(precision)(2)

(precision)(2)

(precision)(2)

(precision)(2)

(precision)(2)

(f-precision)(3)

Literal DATETIMEDATETIME ( ) DATETIME

Field Qualifierp. 95

NumericDatetime

p. 102

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Numeric Datetime102

yyyy

-

mo

-

dd

space

hh

mi

ss

f

:

.

:

Numeric Datetime

Literal INTERVAL

INTERVAL ( ) INTERVALField Qualifier

p. 101Numeric Interval

yyyy

-mo

dd

space

hh

mi

ss

f

:

.

:

Numeric Interval

Literal Number 103

Literal Numberdigit

digit.-+

E digit

+-

.

Named Value

integer expression

,

[array3 ]

.record

variable

Function Call

function (,

integer expression

)

PreparedStatement Name

Identifierp. 100

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Quoted String104

Quoted String

character

" "

character

'" "

'

+

''

Record Reference

integer expression

,

[array3 ]

.record

program record

RelationalOperator

<

<=

=

<>

>=

>

!=

105

It is important to recognize that Stored Procedure Language (SPL) statements arenot part of 4GL. This means that you cannot include these statements within a 4GLprogram. Doing so causes compile errors.

To create a stored procedure from a 4GL program, do the following:

1. Put the text of the CREATE PROCEDURE statement in a file.

2. Use a PREPARE statement to prepare a CREATE PROCEDURE FROM statementthat refers to the text file created in Step 1.

3. Use an EXECUTE statement to execute the prepared statement, which thencompiles the stored procedure.

Refer to the Informix Guide to SQL: Reference, Version 6.0 for a full description of theCREATE PROCEDURE statement.

You may explicitly invoke stored procedures from within your 4GL program bypreparing and executing the following SQL statements:

• CREATE PROCEDURE FROM

• DROP PROCEDURE

• EXECUTE PROCEDURE

• GRANT

• INSERT INTO

• REVOKE

• SET DEBUG FILE TO

• UPDATE STATISTICS

Refer to the Informix Guide to SQL: Reference, Version 6.0 for a description ofworking with dynamic SQL.

Also, you may implicitly invoke a stored procedure through a reference to thatprocedure within the context of an SQL expression. For example, the reference toavg_price( ) in the following SELECT statement implicitly invokes the stored pro-cedure having the name avg_price:

selectmanu_code, unit_price,

(avg_price(1) - unit_price) variancefrom stockwhere stock_num = 1

Such implicit references to stored procedures do not require thestatement to be prepared.

StoredProcedureLanguageStatements

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

CALL106

CALLProcedure

Namep. 92

;( )

,

SPLExpression

p. 112


p. 82

parameter name =

Argument RETURNINGprocedurevariable

,

Argument

FOREACH

WHILE

FOR ;CONTINUE

GLOBAL SQL Data Type(Subset)

p. 93

DefaultValuep. 107

DEFAULT

,

variablename

DEFAULTNULL

REFERENCES

REFERENCES

SQL Data Type(Subset)

p. 93

BYTE

TEXT

PROCEDURE

Table Namep. 92 . columnLIKE

BYTE

TEXT

;

,variablename

OL

OL

SynonymNamep. 92

View Namep. 92

DEFINE

EXIT 107

ConstantExpression

p. 97

Default Value

NULL

EXIT

FOREACH

WHILE

FOR ;

FOR )

,variablename left

expressionTO right

expressionIN (

StatementBlockp. 108

ENDFOR

,

expression

;incrementexpression

leftexpression

TO rightexpression

=

incrementexpression

STEP

STEP

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

FOR108

BEGIN END

CONTINUEStatement

p. 106

IFStatement

p. 109

EXITStatement

p. 107

FORStatement

p. 107

FOREACHStatement

p. 109

LETStatement

p. 111

RAISE EXCEPTIONStatement

p. 111

RETURNStatement

p. 111

TRACEStatement

p. 112

WHILEStatement

p. 112

SYSTEMStatement

p. 111

EXECUTE PROCEDUREStatement

see SQL:S, Version 6.0

CALLStatement

p. 106

SQL Statement

ONEXCEPTION

Statementp. 111

DEFINEStatement

p. 106

StatementBlock

StatementBlock

FOREACH 109

FOREACH

,

SELECT...INTOStatement

p. 83


ENDFOREACH

;cursorname FOR

WITH HOLD

WITH HOLD

EXECUTEPROCEDURE

ProcedureNamep. 92

( )

variablenameINTO

SPLExpression

(Subset)p. 112

,

variablename =

IF

;

Conditionp. 91

THEN

ELIF Conditionp. 91 THEN

IF StatementList

p. 110

IF StatementList

p. 110

END IF

IF StatementList

p. 110

ELSE

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

IF110

BEGIN END

CONTINUEStatement

p. 106

IFStatement

p. 109

EXITStatement

p. 107

FORStatement

p. 107

FOREACHStatement

p. 109

LETStatement

p. 111

RAISE EXCEPTIONStatement

p. 111

RETURNStatement

p. 111

TRACEStatement

p. 112

WHILEStatement

p. 112

SQL Statement

SYSTEMStatement

p. 111

CALLStatement

p. 106

IF Statement ListStatement

Blockp. 108

LET 111

LET

,

,variablename = Procedure

Namep. 92

,

(SPL

Expressionp. 112

;)

SPL Expression

p. 112

calledvariable =

,

,


END EXCEPTION

errornumberIN )(

SETSQLerror

variable

;

errordata

variable

WITH RESUME

,

ISAMerror

variable,

ON EXCEPTION

;SQL error

, ISAM error

, error text

RAISEEXCEPTION

,SPL

Expressionp. 112

WITH RESUME

;RETURN

character expression" ;"

character variable

SYSTEM

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

TRACE112

TRACE ON

OFF

PROCEDURE

SPLExpression

;

Conditionp. 91


END WHILE

;

WHILE

SPL Expression

+-*

procedurevariablename

SQL Expressionp. 96

/ ( )SPLExpression

ProcedureNamep. 92

calledvariable

,

( )=

SPL Expression

| |

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

Debugger

SQLCA Record

VariablesKeys

114

DEFINE SQLCA RECORDSQLCODE INTEGER,SQLERRM CHAR(71),SQLERRP CHAR(8),SQLERRD ARRAY [6] OF INTEGER,SQLAWARN CHAR (8)

END RECORD

Summary of fields:

SQLCODE indicates the result of executing an SQL statement.It is set as follows:

• To zero for a successful execution of most statements.

• To NOTFOUND (defined as 100) for a successfully executed query thatreturns zero rows or for a FETCH that seeks beyond the end of an activeset. (However, in an ANSI-compliant database, when an INSERT INTO/SELECT statement or a DELETE, UPDATE, or SELECT INTO TEMP state-ment fails to access any rows, the value of SQLCA.SQLCODE is set toNOTFOUND rather than 0.)

• To a negative value for an unsuccessful execution.

INFORMIX-4GL sets the global variable STATUS equal to SQLCODE aftereach SQL statement. However, any subsequent 4GL statement can resetSTATUS.

SQLERRM contains parameters for the error message.

SQLERRP is reserved for future use.

SQLERRD is an array of six integers:

SQLERRD[1] is the estimated number of rows returned.

SQLERRD[2] is the SERIAL value returned or an error code.

SQLERRD[3] is the number of rows processed.

SQLERRD[4] is a weighted sum of disk accesses and total rowsprocessed, the estimated CPU cost of the query.

SQLERRD[5] is the offset of error into the SQL statement.

SQLERRD[6] is the rowid of the last row processed.

Result Code Details of Statement Execution Special Conditions

STATUSorSQLCA.SQLCODE

SQLCA.SQLERRD[1]throughSQLCA.SQLERRD[6]

SQLCA.SQLAWARN[1]throughSQLCA.SQLAWARN[8]

115

SQLAWARN is a character string of length eight whose individual characters signalvarious warning conditions (as opposed to errors) following the exe-cution of an SQL statement. The characters are blank if no problemsor exceptional conditions are detected.

SQLAWARN[1] is set to W if one or more of the other warningcharacters has been set to W. If SQLAWARN[1] isblank, you do not have to check the remainingwarning characters.

SQLAWARN[2] is set to W if one or more data items were truncated tofit into a character variable or if a DATABASE state-ment selected a database with transactions.

SQLAWARN[3] is set to W if an aggregate function (SUM, AVG, MAX,or MIN) encountered a null value in its evaluation orif a DATABASE statement selected an ANSI-compli-ant database.

SQLAWARN[4] is set to W if a DATABASE statement selected anINFORMIX-OnLine Dynamic Server<Default ¶ Fo>database or when the number of items in the select-list of a SELECT clause is not the same as the numberof program variables in the INTO clause. In the lattercase, the number of values INFORMIX-4GL returns isthe smaller of these two numbers.

SQLAWARN[5] is set to W if float-to-decimal conversion is used.

SQLAWARN[6] is set to W when your program executes an Informixextension to ANSI-compliant standard syntax andthe DBANSIWARN environment variable is set or the-ansi option is specified.

SQLAWARN[7] is reserved for future use.

SQLAWARN[8] is reserved for future use.

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

116

InteractiveDebuggerCommands

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

118

The following table lists the Debugger commands, options, and accelerators.

Command Option Shortest Form

? ?/ /ALIAS alAPPLICATION

DEVICEap

ap dBREAK

IFb

b ifCALL caCLEANUP

ALLcl

cl aCONTINUE coDATABASE daDISABLE

ALLdi

di allDUMP

ALLGLOBALS

dudu adu g

ENABLEALL

enen all

EXIT exFUNCTIONS fGROW

SOURCECOMMAND

gg sg c

HELPALL

hh a

LET leLIST

BREAKTRACE

lili bli t

NOBREAKALL

nobnob all

NOTRACEALL

notnot all

PRINT pREAD reRUN ruSTEP

INTONOBREAK

ss is n

TIME DELAYSOURCE

COMMAND

titi sti c

Command-Line Syntax 119

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

After setting a breakpoint (or tracepoint), the Output text region displays:

TRACEFUNCTIONS

trtr functions

TURNONOFF

tutu ontu of

USE usVARIABLE

ALLGLOBALS

vava all

va globalsVIEW

LINEvi

vi lWHERE whWRITE

ALIASBREAKTRACE

wrwr awr bwr t

To: Type:

Escape ! commandInterrupt CONTROL-D or Del keyRedraw CONTROL-R

Screen CONTROL-P

Toggle CONTROL-T

Search for characters / pattern? pattern

Command Option Shortest Form

referencenumber

(2) break show_menu:91 [customer.4gl]scope function: show_menu

checkpointtype function

linenumber module

checkpoint scope

Command-Line Syntax

ALIAS120

These built-in operators can be used in a boolean expression:

CURRENT ENTEND( ) TODAYDATE( ) INTERVAL( ) UNITSDATETIME( ) MDY( ) WEEKDAY( )DAY( ) MONTH( ) YEAR( )

pattern/

pattern?

ALIASAL

alias name = command

*

CommandList

p. 127

DEVICE

APPLICATIONAP

break line

CommandList

p. 127

CheckpointTargetp. 127

- countCheckpointInitializaton

p. 126

IF boolean expressionBREAKB

,

argument

function name ( )CALLCA

CLEANUP 121

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

ebuggerariables

Keys

To select a remote database, use one of the following formats:

Remote Database Engine Format of database name

INFORMIX-OnLineDynamic Server

database@servernameor//servername/database

INFORMIX-SE //servername/path/database

CLEANUPCL

ALL

CONTINUECO

databaseDATABASEDA

CheckpointIdentification

p. 126

DISABLEDI

ScopeList

p. 128Output

Redirectionp. 127

DUMPDU


p. 126ENABLE

EN

EXITEX

DV

FUNCTIONS122

A pattern is a string of no more than 50 characters and blanks or up to80 characters if enclosed in quotation marks.

You can use the following wildcard characters within the pattern:

Pattern Matches

? any single character

* zero or more characters

[characters] one or more unseparated characters[character-character] characters within the range

in ASCII collating sequence

FUNCTIONSF

patternOutput

Redirectionp. 127

GROWG

–

integer

SOURCE

COMMAND

HELPH

ALL

command

ScopeQualification

p. 128

variable = 4GL expression LETLE

BREAK

TRACE

LISTLI

NOBREAK 123

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

These built-in operators can be used within a 4GL expression:

To pass arguments to the p-code runner, include them on theDebugger command line.

CURRENT ENTEND( ) TODAYDATE( ) INTERVAL( ) UNITSDATETIME( ) MDY( ) WEEKDAY( )DAY( ) MONTH( ) YEAR( )

NOBREAKNOB


p. 126


p. 126

NOTRACENOT

PRINTP

OL

4GL expression

OutputRedirection

p. 127PROGRAM = " program"

filename

.4db

READRE

argument

RUNRU

STEPS

number INTO NOBREAK

TIME DELAY124

TIME DELAYTI

integer

SOURCE

COMMAND

CheckpointTargetp. 127

FUNCTIONSCheckpointInitialization

p. 126

CommandList

p. 127

OutputRedirection

p. 127

TRACETR

EXITSOURCE

AUTOTOGGLE

ON

OFF

PRINTDELAY

SOURCETRACE

DISPLAYSTOPS

TURNTU

=pathname

,USE

US

VARIABLEVA

variableScopeQualification

p. 128

ScopeList

p. 128Output

Redirectionp. 127

VIEW 125

VIEWVI

filename

function

number

LINE

OutputRedirection

p. 127

WHEREWH

BREAK

TRACE

ALIAS

>>

filename

WRITEWR

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Checkpoint Identification126

4GLInteractiveDebuggerCommandSegments

A reference name must:• Be unique among other checkpoint names.• Begin with an alphabetic character.• Contain only letters, numbers, or the underscore ( _ ) character.


reference number

reference name

function name

ALL

CheckpointInitialization

* ( function name ) " reference name"

Checkpoint Target 127

Type Valid Entities Triggered When

statement executable statements within 4GLfunctions

Execution completes previousstatement.

variable †active variables Variable is assigned a different value.function 4GL functions (including MAIN), 4GL

reports, ESQL/C functions, C functionsFunction is called.

†You cannot set a checkpoint on an entire array or record structure.

Checkpoint Target

ScopeQualification

p. 128

function name

variable

statement line

module .

Command List

{ }command

;

Output Redirection

>> filename

Basics4GL

FormsReports

SQLSQLCA

DebuggerVariables

Keys

Scope List128

Scope List

GLOBALS

ALL

Scope Qualification

MODULE. module

FUNCTION. function

.GLOBAL

EnvironmentVariables

Basics4GL

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DebuggerVariables

Keys

Environment Variables130

INFORMIXEnvironment Variable Restrictions

INFORMIX-4GL ReferencePage

DBANSIWARN D-8DBDATE D-9DBDELIMITER D-11DBEDIT D-11DBFORMAT D-14DBLANG D-18DBMONEY D-21DBPATH D-23DBPRINT D-26DBREMOTECMD OnLine only D-27DBSPACETEMP OnLine only D-28DBTEMP SE only D-29DBUPSPACE D-29ENVIGNORE D-30INFORMIXCONRETRY D-30INFORMIXCONTIME D-31INFORMIXDIR D-32INFORMIXSERVER D-33INFORMIXSHMBASE OnLine only D-33INFORMIXSTACKSIZE OnLine only D-34INFORMIXTERM D-34ONCONFIG OnLine only D-36PSORT_DBTEMP OnLine only D-36PSORT_NPROCS OnLine only D-37SQLEXEC D-38SQLRM SQL APIs only D-38SQLRMDIR SQL APIs only D-39

Environment Variables 131


NLS Environment VariableINFORMIX-4GL ReferencePage

COLLCHAR E-18DBAPICODE E-23DBNLS E-16LANG E-25LC_COLLATE E-27LC_CTYPE E-29LC_MONETARY E-31LC_NUMERIC E-35

UNIX Environment VariableINFORMIX-4GL ReferencePage

PATH D-40TERM D-41TERMCAP D-41TERMINFO D-42

Ba

FoRep

SQDebuVaria

K

Environment Variables132

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SQLSQLCA

Debugger

Default KeyAssignments

VariablesKeys

Default Key Assignments134

Logical command keys at runtime and their default assignments:

Effect of special keys on interactive 4GL statements and within 4GL menus:

KeyName Purpose of Key Default Keystroke

Accept Selects the current menu option in a MENUstatement; terminates input during CONSTRUCT,INPUT and INPUT ARRAY; terminates DISPLAYARRAY.

Escape

Interrupt Represents the external interrupt signal; availablewhen interrupts are deferred with the DEFERstatement.

CONTROL-C

Insert Requests insertion of a new line during INPUTARRAY, starting execution of a BEFORE INSERT block.

F1

Delete Requests deletion of the current line during INPUTARRAY, starting execution of a BEFORE DELETEblock.

F2

Next Causes scrolling to the next page (group of lines)during DISPLAY ARRAY and INPUT ARRAY.

F3

Previous Causes scrolling to the previous page (group of lines)during DISPLAY ARRAY and INPUT ARRAY.

F4

Help Starts the display of the specified HELP message fromthe current help file.

CONTROL-W

Quit Terminates the program unless DEFER QUIT isspecified.

CONTROL-\

Key NameUse in CONSTRUCT, INPUT, andINPUT ARRAY Use in MENU

CONTROL-A Switches between overtype and insertmodes.

None.

CONTROL-D Deletes from the cursor to the end of thefield.

None.

CONTROL-H(backspace)

During text entry, moves the cursor left oneposition (nondestructive backspace).

Moves highlight to nextoption left.

CONTROL-Ior TAB

Cursor moves to next field; except in aWORDWRAP field, inserts a tab or skips to atab depending on mode.

None.

CONTROL-J(Linefeed)

Cursor moves to next field; except in aWORDWRAP field, inserts a newline ormoves down one line depending on mode.

Moves the highlight tothe next option right.

CONTROL-L During text entry, moves the cursor rightone position.


Default Key Assignments 135

Default function key assignments in the Debugger:

CONTROL-Mor RETURN

Completes entry of the current field. Cursormoves to next field if any; else same asAccept.

Accepts the option thatis currently highlighted.

CONTROL-N Cursor moves to beginning of current field. None.CONTROL-R Causes the screen to be redrawn. Causes the screen to be

redrawn.CONTROL-X Deletes the character under the cursor. None.Left Arrow Same as Backspace. Same as Backspace.Right Arrow Same as CONTROL-L. Same as CONTROL-L.

Up Arrow Moves to previous field; except ina WORDWRAP field moves up one line infield and in an INPUT ARRAY moves to thecorresponding field in the previous row.

Moves the highlight tothe next option left.

Down Arrow Moves to next field; except in a WORDWRAPfield moves down one line in field and in anINPUT ARRAY moves to the correspondingfield in the next row.


Default Key Equivalent Command

F1 HELP

F2 STEP

F3 STEP INTO

F4 CONTINUE

F5 RUN

F6 LIST BREAK TRACE

F7 LIST

F8 DUMP

F9 EXIT

Key NameUse in CONSTRUCT, INPUT, andINPUT ARRAY Use in MENU

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DebuggerVariables

Keys

Default Key Assignments136

Documents

INFORMIX-4GL Quick Syntax - PACS · PDF fileINFORMIX-4GL Quick Syntax Version 6.0 April 1994 Part No. 000-7609