I N F L O R E S C E N C E D E V E L O P M E N T I N T O M AT O : L I N K I N G G E N E F U N C T I O N W I T H A Z I G Z A G M O D E L

C L A I R E P É R I L L E U X , G U I L L A U M E L O B E T, P I E R R E T O C Q U I N P L A N T P H Y S I O L O G Y, P H Y T O S Y S T E M S , U N I V E R S I T Y O F L I È G E

Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement

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Bielefeld - 25 March 2014

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1 Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

Vegetative phase Reproductive phase

SAM

FM0

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P R U S I N K I E W I C Z E T A L . 2 0 0 7

V E G E TAT I V E N E S S O F M E R I S T E M S D E C R E A S E W I T H A G E A N D

D E F I N E T H E I N F L O R E S C E N C E A R C H I T E C T U R E

PA R K E T A L . 2 0 1 2

M AT U R AT I O N R AT E O F M E R I S T E M S D E F I N E S T H E O V E R A L L

I N F L O R E S C E N C E A R C H I T E C T U R E

Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

4

C R E AT E A S I M P L E M O D E L O F I N F L O R E S C E N C E D E V E L O P M E N T T H AT C A N A C C O U N T F O R A L L E X I S T I N G P H E N O T Y P E S O B S E R V E D I N T O M AT O

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

V E G E TAT I V E G A I N A N D L O S S G E N E R AT E S A Z I G Z A G M O D E L

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T I M E [ P L A S T O C H R O N S ]

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014 5

F L O R A L T R A N S I T I O N L E A F R E P R E S S I O N

F L O R A L C O M M I T M E N T M E R I S T E M R E P R E S S I O N

V E G E TAT I V E L O S S[ d V ]

V E G E TAT I V E G A I N [ΔV ]

F L O R A L T R A N S I T I O N L E A F R E P R E S S I O N

F L O R A L C O M M I T M E N T M E R I S T E M R E P R E S S I O N

Z I G Z A G M O D E L : D E C R E A S I N G V E G E TAT I V E L O S S [ d V ]

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8

T I M E [ P L A S T O C H O N S ]

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

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3

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7

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T I M E [ P L A S T O C H O N S ]

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F L O R A L C O M M I T M E N T M E R I S T E M R E P R E S S I O N

Z I G Z A G M O D E L : I N C R E A S I N G V E G E TAT I V E L O S S [ d V ]

6 Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

F L O R A L T R A N S I T I O N L E A F R E P R E S S I O N

F L O R A L C O M M I T M E N T M E R I S T E M R E P R E S S I O N

7

Z I G Z A G M O D E L : I N C R E A S I N G V E G E TAT I V E G A I N [ΔV ]

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

T I M E [ P L A S T O C H O N S ]

ME

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TE

M V

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

ΔV

dVdV

ΔV

dV

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A. Number of flowers B. Branching level C. Number of vegetative axes

T H E Z I G Z A G M O D E L I S U S E D T O G E N E R AT E A M O R P H O S PA C E

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ΔV: 0→3 d V: 0 →2 0

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

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t e r m i n a t i n g f l o w e r ( t m f )

S z y m k o w i a k a n d I r i s h 1 9 9 9 , P l a n t C e l l

j o i n t l e s s ( j ) AGL24

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s i n g l e f l o w e r t r u s s ( s f t ) FT

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c o m p o u n d i n f l o re s c e n c e ( s ) WOX9

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

d V

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G E N E F U N C T I O N S W I T H I N T H E Z I G Z A G M O D E L

V E G E TAT I V E G A I N

V E G E TAT I V E L O S S

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3

4

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7

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F L O R A L T R A N S I T I O N FA , S F T

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

FA , S , J , T M F

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Périlleux et al. | Genetic Variation of Flowering Time Genes and Applications for Crop Improvement | Bielefeld - 24 March 2014

G E N E F U N C T I O N S W I T H I N T H E Z I G Z A G M O D E L

1 1

C. Périlleux, G. Lobet, and P. Tocquin, 2014, Inflorescence architecture in tomato: gene functions within a zigzag model, Frontiers in Plant Genetics and Genomics.

F T

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T H A N K Y O U F O R Y O U R AT T E N T I O N !

A N Y Q U E S T I O N S ?