INDRUMAR DE PRACTICA PT.ELABORAREA LUCRARII DE LICENTA(1).doc

7/25/2019 INDRUMAR DE PRACTICA PT.ELABORAREA LUCRARII DE LICENTA(1).doc

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RODICA MURE AN

ANIOARA BERTEA

AUGUSTIN MUREAN

NDRUMAR DE PRACTIC

N TEHNOLOGIE CHIMICTEXTIL

PENTRU STUDENII ANULUI IV


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C'($.e3#n !'($,- *%e,9'de*%#d#9.

F'.'-%e# de !'($.e3#nt !, $%'d,- de de*%#d#%e9'.'*!# ne$e%!,.'-

F'-t E,t%'&=#%e# #$e Ne&'.'-%e# !'($,-.'% '%*#n! !, &'-&'% C'($,- #.'*en#t$, n v'.#t.

B'#!,(,.#%e"t'3!t#te" CCO%d!#t

Red,!e%e# &'.'-% $'!.'%t,., de -'d, !# #*entde #.9%e

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%ed,!e%e# !'n!ent%#te de dete%*ent 9'de*%#d#9. .# -,9 0 (*.: %ed,!e%e# !'n!ent%#te de d%'*en -,.&,%#t .# -,9 1 (*.+Pent%, #!e#-t# e-te '9.*#t'%e %e#.=#%e# e*#.=#% de9te.'% - !'n!ent%# .'%" %e#.=#t# @n

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T#9e. 17 C'n!ent%#t# de $'!.'%t ,t.=#t# .# e$,%#%e# $ent%, (de$#%t#%e# d%'*en,., -,.&,%#t

C'n!ent%#te!.'% #!tv"(*.

PH C'ntn,t de4n&.,ent e&.,ent d%'*en -,.&,%#t" (*. !.'% %e=d,#." (*.n&.,ent e&.,ent n&.,ent e&.,ent

80 ;"610 ; 20 12"< 6 #9-ent


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3Stat+e ;


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S!e(# ,ne n-t#.# de e$,%#%e # #$e.'% ,=#te $%'vente de .# &n-#%e#(#te%#.e.'% te3t.e dn 9,(9#! -#, t$ 9,(9#! !#%e -e deve%-e#=# n e&.,ent4 1+ !#(e%# !,*%#t# %e - -te: 2+ 9#=n de 9'#e%#%e: 5+ de!#nt'%: + t%#n-$'%te% $ent%, n#('.+

7+2+ C#n#.=#%e#C#n#.=#%e# !,$%nde #n-#(9.,. de !'n-t%,! e de-tn#te -# $%(e#-!# #$e.e de

-!,%*e%e" -# .e d-$e=e -$%e n-t#.#t.e de e$,%#%e" -# .e $,%&!e $#n# .# ,n *%#d de $,%t#te ($,- de!'nd .e

.'!#.e - #$' -# .e ve%-e @nt%6,n 9#=n de #$#+O !#n#.=#%e t%e9,e -# @nde$.ne#-!# d',# !'nd 4

6 ' ev#!,#%e !#t (# %#$d# # #$e.'% de -!,%*e%e:6 ,n $%et de !'-t !#t (# %ed,- #. e3e!,t#% .,!%#% - e3$.'#t#%e # n-t#.# e+

: Re e#,# de !#n#.=#%e dn nte%'%,. #.e.'% -e e3e!,t# dn !'nd,!te #($.#-#te n$#%d'-e#.#

-e!t.'%+ Rete#,# e3te%'#%# e-te n-t#.#t# n .,n*,. #.e.'% Tnt%e$%nde%" &'.'-nd,6-e$#nt# n#t,%#.# # te%en,.,+ C#nd #$e.e n, $'t & ev#!,#te $%n -!,%*e%e .9e%# d#t'%t#$.#n#%t#t te%en,., $e !#%e e-te #($.#-#t# @nt%e$%nde%e#" -e n-t#.e#=# -t# de$'($#%e+

A$e.e ,=#te" %e=,.t#te dn -e! # de &n-# !'n n#nd !#ntt#t @n-e(n#te de -,9-t#n e n'!ve n, -,nt v#%-#te d%e!t @n e(-#% !e t%e!e (# @nt# $%n -t#t de e$,%#%e+

!alculul de3itelor de scurgereSe n,(e-te de9t #. #$e.'% de -!,%*e%e" de9t,. d,$# !#%e -e d(en-'ne#=#

n-t#.#t.e de !#n#.=#%e+De9te.e =.n!e #.e #$e.'% de -!,%*e%e -e dete%(n# d,$# ,%(#t'#%e.e &'%(,.e4( 6 n'%(# de ev#!,#%e $e ,nt#te# de $%'d,-e $%e.,!%#te de .# ,n #*%e*#t

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7+5+ Vent.# #'entila iia halelor de productie

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6 vent.#te *ene%#.#:6 vent.#te $#% #.#:6 vent.#te .'!#.# n,(# ='n# de v!e%e -#, .'!,. de (,n!# e-te -,$,- vent.#te>:6 vent.#te !'(,n# @n #!ee#- @n!#$e%e -,nt $%ev#=,te d',# -#, (# (,.te t$,% de vent.#te+

In-t#.# # de vent.#te t%e9,e -# $e%(t# e.(n#%e# -,%$.,-,., de !#.d,%# %e=,.t#t @n vede%e#(entne% ,ne -t#% n'%(#.e #.e '%*#n-(,., ,(#n+ A-*,%#%e# !'ndt.'% '$t(e de$nde de#.e*e%e# - $%'e!t#%e# !'%e!t# # n-t#.#te de vent.#te - ,(d&!#%e+

C#ntt#te# de #e% ne!e-#%# -# nt%e @n -e!te -e dete%(n# !, %e.#t#4

6 -,(# de*##%.'% de !#.d,%# de .# t'#te -,%-e.e e3-tente @n #.# de .,!%," Q:

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&'.'-t+a) !alculul degajarilor i pierderilor de caldura

A-*,%#%e# !'ndt.'% '$t(e @n -#..e de .,!%, de$nde de #.e*e%e# - $%'e!t#%e#!'%e-$,n=#t'#%e # n-t#.#te de vent.#te - ,(d&!#%e" !#%e -e e&e!t,e#=# $e 9#=# 9.#nt,., te%(!+

C#ntt#te# de !#.d,%# -e !#.!,.e#=# !, e!,# # *ene%#.# # -!(9,., de !#.d,%#4 6 A 6 t 6 * Q!antitatea de caldura care trece numai prin pere ii -e !#.!,.e#=# !, %e.#t#4


80/86

X

$e%e. i &t 6 te \ A Q

A 6 !'e&!ent de !'nd,!tvt#te te%(!# $ent%, !#%#(d#" 7(26Q:t 6 te($e%#t,%# -e! e:t 50C" .# !#%e !'%e-$,nde ,(dt#te# $


81/86

5#%t!'.e nee-,te" !'n&e! et!++


82/86

b) ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! .# @nt%e ne%e" %e$#%# - nven : c) ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! $ent%, $%'!e-e !(!e - &=!e:d) ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! .# de$'=t#%e:e) ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! .# (#n$,.#%e" #(9#.#%e - t%#n-$'%t:f) ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! @n .#9'%#t'#%e+

;+1+1+ Ten!# -e!,%t# (,n! .# n-t#.# " #$#%#te (#n

A!e-t !#$t#. t%#te#=# $%'9.e(e.e de -e!,%t#te .# '%*#ne.e de (#-n @n (-!#%e" .# e!$#(ent,.

de t%#n-(te%e - d-$'=tve.e de #!t'n#%e # ,t.#e.'%" .# !'nd,!te - #%(#t,%" #$#%#te de (#-,%# -!'nt%'." v#-e de %e#! e" ,t.#e -,9 $%e-,ne" #$#%#te $ent%, '$e%#t ,nt#%e !ent%&,*e" ,-!#t'#%eet!++

L# #!e-t *%,$ de n'%(e $%'e!t#nt,. e-te '9.*#t -# #!'%de t't #t#t# ($'%t#n# %e#.=#%!'nd .'% de -e!,%t#te !#t #!'%d# - $#%#(et%.'% ten! - e!'n'(! # #$#%#t,., -#, # n-t#.#e$%'e!t#te+ E. e-te '9.*#t !#" dnt%e d',# n-t#. -(.#%e" -# #.e#*# !, $%e!#de%e $e !e# !#%e$%e=nt# !e.e (# 9,ne !'nd de -e!,%t#te - !e.e (# ,-'#%e !'ndt de (,n!#+

.... @orme cu caracter generalPent%, #-*,%#%e# ,n, (!%'!.(#t !'%e-$,n=#t'%" t%e9,e $%ev#=,te n-t#.#t de vent.#te -

de @n!#.=%e !e t%e9,e %ev=,te $e%(#nent" !,%# #te - %e$#%#te+C'nd,!te.e" #$#%#te.e" ,t.#e.e - t'#te -,%-e.e !, de*##%e ($'%t#nt# de !#.d,%# t%e9,e

te%('='.#te+ C'nd,!te.e de #9,%" #$#" !(!#.e" t%e9,e v'$-te !'n&'%( -t#nd#%de.'% @n v*'#%e+L# .'!,%.e de (,n!# ,nde e3-t $e%!'.,. #%-,%.'% !, -,9-t#n e !(!e" -e v'% n-t#.#

%'9nete -$e!#.e $ent%, -$.#%e# !, et $,te(! de #$# # ='ne.'% #tn-e de -,9-t#n e.e !#,-t!e+E.e(ente.e de t%#n-(-e4 #%9'%" &,%!" %'" !,%e.e" .#nt,%" t#(9,%" -t,#te .# ' @n#.t(e (#

(!# de 2 ( de $#%d'-e#.#" v'% & $%ev#=,te !, d-$'=tve de $%'te!te #-e=#te .# d-t#nt# de 6 1!( de #!e-te ee(ente+ E-te nte%=-# $,ne%e# -#, -!'#te%e# !,%e.e.'% de t%#n-(-e @n t($,.&,n!t'n#% (#-n.'%+ E-te de #-e(ene# nte%=-# !,%#t%e# t%#n-(-.'% !, !#%$e -#, ,n*e%e# .'% @nt($,. &,n!t'n#%+

.../. @orme de protec ia muncii la transportul, depo#itarea i manipularea chimicalelorT'#te -,9-t#nte.e .!de v'% & $#-t%#te @n #(9#.#,. .'% '%*n#.+ D#(*ene.e v'% & #-e=#te @n

!'-,% de n,e.e -#, @n !,t de .e(n" #v#nd @n -$#t,. dnt%e e.e - !'- ,n (#te%#. ('#.e+ A-t,$#%e#

d#(*ene.'% t%e9,e -# &e et#n-#" #% d'$,%.e -# &e %e=-tente .# #!= - 9#=e+ D#(*ene.e v'% &de$'=t#te $e $.#t&'%(e -$e!#. #(en##te" $ent%, # evt# $e%!'., de #!!dente+ T'#te d#(*ene.e !,#!= v'% & et!et#te+ T%#n-$'%t,. d#(*ene.'% !, #!= -#, 9#=e -e v# !e n,(# !, #,t'%,.!#%,!'#%e.'% -$e!#.e - n,(# $e d%,( neted+

A!d,. #='t! -e v# tne @n .'!,% -e$#%#te - 9ne #e%-te+ D#(*ene.e !, #!d #='t! n, -e v'%#-t,$# e%(et!" $ent%, # n, -e $%'d,!e -$#%*e%e# -t!.e dn !#,=# de-!'($,ne% #!d,.,+

T,(#%e# #!=.'% -#, # 9#=e.'% -e v# !e n,(# de !#t%e (,n!t'% d't#t !, !=(e" (#n,-"'!e.#% - -'%t,% de $%'te!te+ O$e%# .e de t%#n-v#=#%e -e v'% e&e!t,# n,(# -,9 n-#+

S'd# !#,-t!# -'.d# n, -e v# -%#(#" ! -e v# d='.v# @n #$# &e%9nte" !e. (# -($., @nt%6,n9#=n de !(ent @n*%'$#t" !#$t,-t !, t#9.# - #!'$e%t !, *%#t#%+

L# t%#n-$'%t,. (#n,#. #. !(!#.e.'% -e v'% &'.'- *#.e dn oe l n'3d#9. -#, dn (#te%#.$.#-t!+

E-te nte%=-# t,(#%e# #$e @n #!d,. -,.&,%! !'n!ent%#t" de'#%e!e -e $%'d,!e ' %e#! e$,te%n! e3'te%(#" !, &'%(#%e# de v#$'% de #$# - -t%'$%e !, $!#t,% de #!d+ T,n#%e# #!d,.,-,.&,%! !'n!ent%#t @n 9# -e v# !e t%e$t#t" t,%n#nd,6-e @n &% -,9 %e de .# ,n !#$#t .# #.t,. #. 9#+ n!#=,. -t%'$% !, -,9-t#n e !#,-t!e -#, !'%'=ve" -e v# -$#.# .'!,. %e-$e!tv !, !,%ent #9,ndent de#$# t($ de 10 6 20 de (n,te" @n &,n! e de (#%(e# -,$%#&e e #tn-e+

...2. KapelIn !#=,. ,n'% de&e!t,n -e v# '$% &e%9e%e# - v# & !e(#t !'nd,!#t'%,. .'!,., de (,n!#+ L#

.,#%e# ('-t%e.'% dn #$#%#t -e v# '$% &e%9e%e#+ C#nd t%!'t,. -e @n!#%! $e #-$e. e-te nte%=-#@n!de%e# ., %# e!$#(ent de $%'te!te - @n#nte de '$%%e# ('t'%,., e.e!t%! - # #9,%,.,+

M#-n# t%e9,e $%ev#=,t# !, d-$'=tve de '$%%e #,t'(#t# # ('t'%,., e.e!t%!" @n ('(ent,.@n!#%!#% (#te%#.,., - @n !#= de -,$%#-'.!t#%+

7


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S,9-t#nte.e !(!e -e #-e#=# @n 9#=ne" d'#% @n de-$#% t,%# de-tn#t# -$e!#. $ent%, #!e-te#- t%e$t#t+

R'9net,. de #9,% -e n!de d'#% #t,n! !#nd #$# # de$#-t @n#.t(e# de 0 !(+ E-te nte%=-!# (,n!t'%,. -# -te# @n t# %'9net,.,+

F.#n-# de @(9n#%e # !'nd,!te t%e9,e -# #9# #$#%#t'#%e de $%'te! e - !'nd,!te.e -# &e='.#te te%(!+

C#n#.e.e de -!,%*e%e t%e9,e -# &e #!'$e%te !, *%#t#%e de .e(n+E-te nte%=- t%#n-$'%t,. -,9-t#nte.'% !(!e - # !'.'%#nt.'% @n v#-e de-!-e+

...4. !entrifugaM#-n.e !ent%&,*e t%e9,e $%ev#=,te !, ' t#9.t# nd!#t'#%e # !#$#!t# (#3(e de

@n!#%!#%e+ E-te nte%=-# -,$%#@n!#%!#%e# !ent%&,*e+ In!#%!#%e# !ent%&,*e -e v# !e ,n&'%(+ L#'%!e v9%#te (# (#%e # !ent%&,*e (#-n# -e v# '$% - -e v# ve%&!# @n!#%!#t,%#+

Cent%&,*# -e $,ne @n &,n!t,ne n,(# !, !#$#!,. &n!- - n,(# d,$# !e -e v# ve%&!# !# $e$#%te# ('9.# n, -e *#-e-! ,ne.te -#, '9e!te !#%e $'t & #%,n!#te dn !#,=# %'t%+

C#$#!,. t%e9,e $%ev#=,t !, d-$'=tv de 9.'!#%e !#%e -# @($ed!e de-!de%e# @n t($,.&,n!t'n#%+

L# (#-n.e .# !#%e t%#n-(-# (-!#% -e !e $%n !,%e.e t%#$e='d#.e e-te '9.*#t'%e$%'te!t# .'% !, #$#%#t'%+ M#-n.e t%e9,e -# &e $%ev#=,te !, @nt%e%,$#t'% #,t'(#t !#%e -# #!t'ne=e'$%%e# ('t'%,., .# %d!#%e# !#$#!,.,+ In-t#.#t# e.e!t%!# t%e9,e t%#-# $%n t,9,% (et#.!e et#n-e+

Se nte%=!e !, de-#v#%-%e &%#n#%e# !'-,., !, (#n#+

...;. %aina de pliatL# @nt%'d,!e%e# t%!'t,., @n !.nd%, e-te nte%=-# nt%'d,!e%e# (#n @n -$#te.e #$#%#t'% de

$%'te!te+@n t($,. &,n!t'n#% (#-n e-te nte%=- -# -e ,(9.e .# #n*%en#e.e @n (-!#%e+ E-te nte%=--# -e ,(9.e .# !,%e.e.e de t%#n-(-e @n t($,. &,n! 'n#% (#-n+ E-te nte%=- -# -e .,!%e=e !,(#-n# .# !#%e d-$'=tv,. de '$%%e e-te de&e!t+ E-te nte%=- -# -e .,!%e=e !, !.nd% de !#.#nd%#%ed-t#n #t+ M,n!t'%,. v# d# '- !'nt%#*%e,t#t.e $ent%, # #$%'$#+ T%e9,e -# &3e=e 9ne %#(# @nt%e%'.e.e de -$%n" $ent%, # n, & %d!#te 'd#t# !, t%!'t,. - $%n-# @nt%e !.nd% de !#.#nd%#%e

...B. =scatorulE-te nte%=- !# ,t.#,. -# &,n!t'ne=e !, #$#%#t'%.e de $%'te!te - (.'#!e.e de !'nt%'.

de-!-e+ E-te nte%=- -# -e (#%e#-!# vte=# -#, $%e-,ne# #9,%,., $e-te v#.'%.e de %e*(+ E-tente%=- !# @n t($,. &,n!t'n#% (#-n -# -e nte%vn# .# '%*#ne.e .,!%#t'#%e #.e #!e-te# + (,n!t'%,.v# !'nt%'.# $e%(#nent $%e-,ne# #9,%,., - te($e%#t,%# de ,-!#%e+

...L. !alandruE-te nte%=-# nt%'d,!e%e# !, (#n# # t%!'t,., @nt%e v#.t,%+ De-!de%e# vent.#t'%,., $ent%,

#e% -e !e d,$# !e !#$#t,. t%!'t,., -# @n-,%#t $e #3,. de %,.#%e+ M'd&!#%e# vte=e -e !e n,(#$e (#-n# '$%t#+ C'nd,!te.e de #.(ent#%e !, #9,% v'% & 9ne ='.#te" #% $%e-,ne# n, v# de$#-1"#t#+ Se v# #!'%d# ' #tente de'-e9t# d-$'=tv,., de #-e=#%e @n &'#e" $ent%, $%even%e##!!dente.'%+

;+1+2+ Ten!# -e!,%t#t (,n! .# @nt%e ne%e" %e$#%#t - nvent

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,t.#e.'% !, -,9-t#n e t'3!e" !'%'=ve" %t#nte" n&.#(#9.e " - !e.e !#%e de*## (,.t $%#& -e v# !e(e!#n=#t - et#n- t%#t#nd,6-e 4

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;+ 2+ M#-,% P+S+I+

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M-,% @n !#= de n!end, 4

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INDRUMAR DE PRACTICA PT.ELABORAREA LUCRARII DE LICENTA(1).doc