Indian Ocean Trade

Ch. 13 (p. 338 - 343)

Monsoon Mariners After collapse of Mongol Empire (14th

century) overland trade routes were disrupted & Indian Ocean assumed greater strategic importance Two major routes of trade:

From Middle East across Arabian sea to IndiaFrom India across Bay of Bengal to China

Major ships were the dhow (Arabian) & the junk (Chinese)

Dhow

Junk

Major Ports Kilwa = Trading center on Eastern

(Swahili) coast of Africa Muslims Exported gold & salt Great Zimbabwe = Powerful African

state that grew rich as trade items passed through it on their way to Kilwa

Kilwa

Great Zimbabwe

Major Ports Aden = Trading center on Arabian

Peninsula Muslim Received enough rainfall to support agriculture

& large population Location was ideal for trade

Gujarat = Trading center in western India Muslim leaders Rich agricultural hinterland & long coast Important for manufacturing (leather) as well as

commerce

Aden

Gujarat

Major Ports Malacca = Trading center that

connected Indian Ocean & South China Sea Conversion of a ruler from Hindu to

Islam promoted trade Secure location (alliance w/ China) &

low taxes

Malacca