IMPERFECTO DEL SUBJUNTIVO

Por Diana Forrest

In the past of course!In the past of course!

Past 10 minutes or 100 years ago. No importa Past 10 minutes or 100 years ago. No importa cuando.cuando. Usa el imperfecto del subjuntivo. Usa el imperfecto del subjuntivo.

Imperfecto del SubjuntivoImperfecto del SubjuntivoPAST subjuntivo: used for PAST subjuntivo: used for

WishWishEmotionEmotionDoubtDoubt

UN EJEMPLOUN EJEMPLO

I hope she singsI hope she sings

I hope she sangI hope she sang

Ojalá que cante.

Ojalá que cantara

Make sure you say canTAra right. Punch the TA

because cantarÁ means will sing, and CÁNtara means water jug.

¡OJO!

¡ESPERA UN MOMENTO!¡ESPERA UN MOMENTO!

Where did the verb Where did the verb canTARA canTARA come from?come from? From 3From 3rdrd person plural person plural pretpretérito,érito,Silly!Silly!

To refresh your memory:To refresh your memory:

past tense:past tense: é, aste, ó, amos, ARONé, aste, ó, amos, ARON

í, iste, ió, imos, IERON í, iste, ió, imos, IERON

Let’s Back it up…Let’s Back it up…Past tenses of to sing:Past tenses of to sing:

CantCantééCantasteCantasteCantóCantó

CantamosCantamosCantaronCantaron

What is 3What is 3rdrd person plural? person plural? CantaronCantaronChange the Change the rOnrOn to to RAN RAN CANTARANCANTARAN

The imperfecto del subjuntivo of cantar becomes…The imperfecto del subjuntivo of cantar becomes…

cantaracantaraCantarasCantarasCantaraCantara

CantáramosCantáramosCantaranCantaran

TENERTENERPretPretérito of tener is:érito of tener is:

TuveTuveTuvisteTuvisteTuvoTuvo

TuvimosTuvimosTuvieronTuvieron

Take 3Take 3rdrd person plural, oTuviera person plural, oTuvieraTuvierasTuvierasTuvieraTuviera

TuviéramosTuviéramosTuvieranTuvieran

PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICEPRACTICE

I hope you have money I hope you have money with you.with you.

I hope you had money.I hope you had money.

You are sick.You are sick.

I’m sorry you are sick.I’m sorry you are sick.

I’m sorry you were sick.I’m sorry you were sick.

Espero que tengas dinero contigo.

Espero que tuvieras dinero.

Estás enferma.

Siento que estés enferma.

Siento que estuvieras enferma.

Notice: you can omit the word that in English, but never omit que in Spanish

DoubtDoubtI doubt that she I doubt that she tellstells lies. lies.

I doubt that she I doubt that she toldtold lies. lies.

EmotionEmotionHow sad that she How sad that she can’tcan’t

come.come.

How sad that she How sad that she couldn’tcouldn’t come.come.

Dudo que diga mentiras.Dudo que dijera mentiras.

Qué triste que no puedA venir

Qué triste que no pudiera venir.

Impersonal Impersonal ExpressionsExpressions

It It isis important for you to know. important for you to know.

It It waswas important for you to important for you to know.know.

Contrary – to - factContrary – to - fact

If I If I couldcould, I would go., I would go.

If I If I werewere you, I’d cry. you, I’d cry.

EsEs importante que sepassepas.EraEra importante que supierassupieras.

Si pudierapudiera, iría. contrary because I can’t go

Si yo fuerafuera tú, lloraría.(contrary because I’m NOT you)

Memorizar para la pruebaMemorizar para la pruebaNO!! PARA LA VIDA!!!!NO!! PARA LA VIDA!!!!

EstuvieraEstuvieraFueraFuera

HicieraHicieraHubieraHubieraPudieraPudieraPusieraPusieraQuisieraQuisieraTuvieraTuvieraSupieraSupiera

VieraViera

It wasWasDid

There wasWas able

PutWanted

Had Knew Saw

Pilar: What’s el presente del subjuntivo?Pilar: What’s el presente del subjuntivo?

Marilú: Marilú: 2 different verbs in 2 clauses connected2 different verbs in 2 clauses connected by by QUE, if 1QUE, if 1stst verb is WED-UC-IC, 2nd verb must verb is WED-UC-IC, 2nd verb must be be

subjuntivo.subjuntivo.

Pilar: Do you know what that means?Pilar: Do you know what that means?

Marilú: ¡Sí! Use opposite verb endings. Marilú: ¡Sí! Use opposite verb endings. –AR changes to: e-es-e-emos-en & vice –AR changes to: e-es-e-emos-en & vice versa.versa.

Pilar: What about irregular verbs?Pilar: What about irregular verbs?

Marilú: YO stem of presente indicativo + opp. Marilú: YO stem of presente indicativo + opp. endingsendings. .

¡Muy Bien! Now are you ready for ¡Muy Bien! Now are you ready for imperfecto del subjuntivo?imperfecto del subjuntivo?

If your wish-emotion-etc. is PAST, If your wish-emotion-etc. is PAST, your 2your 2ndnd verb is verb is imperfecto del imperfecto del subjunctivosubjunctivo

Use Use ELLOSELLOS pretérito stempretérito stem. Change . Change RON to RAN, and make all forms RON to RAN, and make all forms match.match.

Presente del Presente del subjuntvo:subjuntvo:

I want you to sing.I want you to sing.She doubts that I can.She doubts that I can.It’s good that you It’s good that you

have S$ have S$

Imperfecto del Imperfecto del subjuntivo:subjuntivo:

I wanted you to sing.I wanted you to sing.

She doubted that I She doubted that I could.could.

It was good you had $It was good you had $$. $.

Quiero que cantes.Quiero que cantes.Duda que pueda.Duda que pueda.Es bueno que tengas Es bueno que tengas dinero.dinero.

QuerQuería que cantarasía que cantaras(don’t confuse with futuro (don’t confuse with futuro cantarÁs) cantarÁs)Dudaba que pudiera.Dudaba que pudiera.Era bueno que tuvieras Era bueno que tuvieras dinero.dinero.

Always use imperfecto del subjuntivo in Always use imperfecto del subjuntivo in CONTRARY-TO-FACT clause beginning with SI (if) CONTRARY-TO-FACT clause beginning with SI (if)

or COMO SI (as if)or COMO SI (as if)If you were my husband, If you were my husband,

I’d give you poison. I’d give you poison.

If you were my wife, If you were my wife, I’d take I’d take it!it!

You speak as if you knew.You speak as if you knew.

If I knew, I would tell you.If I knew, I would tell you.

If we were sick, we If we were sick, we wouldn’t be herewouldn’t be here..

Si fueras mi esposo, te daría veneno.

Si fueras mi mujer, ¡lo tomaría!

Hablas como si supieras.

Si supiera, te diría.

Si estuviéramos enfermos, no estaríamos aquí.Compound tense: If I had known: Si hubiera sabido If I had time…Si hubiera tenido tiempo