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IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Standard for Sensor Standard for Sensor
Interoperability Interoperability
Workshop on Workshop on
“From Sensors to Applications: Advancing the Interoperability of Ocean Sensors”
Ocean Innovation 2008Ocean Innovation 2008World Summit: Ocean ObservationWorld Summit: Ocean Observation
St John’s, CanadaOctober 22, 2008
Kang LeeKang Lee
[email protected]@nist.gov
National Institute of Standards and TechnologyNational Institute of Standards and Technology
United States Department of Commerce United States Department of Commerce
1 Meter
1/299 792 458 of a second
The standard for the unit of mass the kilogram, is a cylinder of platinum-iridium alloy kept by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures near Paris. A duplicate in the custody of Manufacturing
Engineering Laboratory, NIST serves as the mass standard for the United States.
Mission: Develop and promote measurement, standards, and Mission: Develop and promote measurement, standards, and technology to enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and technology to enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and
improve the quality of life.improve the quality of life.
Smart and Wireless Sensor (SAWS) LaboratorySmart and Wireless Sensor (SAWS) Laboratory
• The SAWS Lab is established for the:
– development, implementation, and
evaluation and validation of smart and
wireless sensor interface standard
specifications.
– development of test methods for sensor
standards.
• Research and application areas:
– IEEE 1451 sensor interfaces for
instruments, computers, and networks,
– remote and wireless sensing for
machinery condition monitoring,
– RFID for inventory control of
instruments and equipment
– Sensor and RFID integration
– Time stamping and synchronization of
instruments and networked systems
IntroductionIntroduction
Industry is fast moving toward using Industry is fast moving toward using networkednetworked, , digitaldigital, and , and wireless communicationswireless communications technology technology for sensors, e.g.,for sensors, e.g.,–– U.S. Navy planning to use thousands of networked and wireless U.S. Navy planning to use thousands of networked and wireless
sensors in ships to reduce manning, enhance automation, and sensors in ships to reduce manning, enhance automation, and conditioncondition--based maintenance.based maintenance.
–– Airplane manufacturers moving to use networked, wireless systemsAirplane manufacturers moving to use networked, wireless systemsfor sensor connectivity to lower lifefor sensor connectivity to lower life--cycle costs.cycle costs.
–– Homeland security applications moving to use networked, wirelessHomeland security applications moving to use networked, wirelesssensor systems for remote monitoring and situation awareness.sensor systems for remote monitoring and situation awareness.
All these example applications are seeking All these example applications are seeking open open standardsstandards solutions.solutions.OffOff--shore monitoring of environmental condition, pollution, shore monitoring of environmental condition, pollution, and oil spills could benefit from using these standards.and oil spills could benefit from using these standards.
IEEE 1451 Smart Transducer Interface System Approach
1451.XTransducer
Interface Module (TIM)
ADC
DAC
D I/O
?
XDCR
XDCR
XDCR
XDCR
AddressLogic
XDCR = sensor or actuator
Physic
al
para
me
ters
t
o b
e
measure
d
Transducer
ElectronicData Sheet
(TEDS)
Network CapableApplicationProcessor
(NCAP)
AnyNetwork
A mix of up
to 255
sensors &
actuators
in a TIM
p1451.1Network Interface
(STWS, HTTP,Client-server,
Pub-sub)
1451.0 Common
Commands
Transducer
Interface(wired or wireless)
NetworkInterface
IEEE 1451 Suite of StandardsIEEE 1451 Suite of Standards(support different physical interfaces and configurations) (support different physical interfaces and configurations)
IEEE 1451.11451.0NCAP
IEEE 1451.11451.0
NCAP or Instrument
IEEE 1451.2
IEEE 1451.3
TII
/ U
AR
T
Tra
nsd
uce
r B
us
Network
IEEE 1451.4Mic
roL
AN
1-w
ire
d In
terf
ace
MM
IIEEE 1451.3
IEEE 1451.4
IEEE 1451.4
S A
Wireless
= Sensor or Actuator
S
IEEE 1451.11451.0NCAP
IEEE 1451.11451.0NCAP
or Access Point
�
Analog Signal+ Digital TEDS
Distributed Multi-drop Bus
Point-to-Point
Network nodes
Wireless CommunicationsProtocols:• 802.11 (WiFi)• 802.15.1 (BlueTooth)• 802.15.4 (ZigBee)
�
�
Sensor-integrated
RFID
Wireless Air InterfaceISO18000
S A
IEEE 1451.11451.0NCAP
T
Tag
�
IEEE P1451.7
�
T = TEDS
S A S A
S AS A
S AT
T
T
T
IEEE 1451.5
S AT
TTIEEE 1451.5
S AT
How do IEEE 1451 Standards change the
paradigm of using transducers ?
TEDS TEDS -- standardize Transducers Electronic Data standardize Transducers Electronic Data Sheets for sensors and actuatorsSheets for sensors and actuators–– Enable selfEnable self--identification of transduceridentification of transducer
–– Know physical units to use (e.g., pressure in Pascal, Know physical units to use (e.g., pressure in Pascal, temperature in K, etc)temperature in K, etc)
–– Provide calibration informationProvide calibration information
–– Allow command for triggering transducersAllow command for triggering transducers
–– Integrate the concept of measurements with transducersIntegrate the concept of measurements with transducers
–– Enable group of measurements and readingsEnable group of measurements and readings
–– Help how to make measurementsHelp how to make measurements
–– Help how to interpret measurementsHelp how to interpret measurements
IEEE 1451 StackIEEE 1451 Stack
Network
Net Specific
p1451.1
1451.0
1451.X
1451.0
TIM Specific
TEDS
• IEEE 145.0 HTTP Protocol• IEEE 1451.1-1999• STWS (Smart Transducer Web Services)
• Encoding• Compression• Authentication• Routing
• Measurement Abstraction• TEDS Mgmt & Correction• TIM Behavioral Model• TIM Discovery • TIM Communication Abstraction
• Message Fragmentation and Reassembly• Encoding• Security• Routing
• Physical transducer interface• Signal Conditioning• Triggering• Data Conversion (A/D and D/A)
NCAP
TIM
Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS)Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS)
TEDS, a memory device attached to the transducer in a TEDS, a memory device attached to the transducer in a
TIM, stores transducer identification, measurement range, TIM, stores transducer identification, measurement range,
calibration, correction data, user and manufacturecalibration, correction data, user and manufacture--related related
information.information.
Different TEDS are defined:Different TEDS are defined:
–– MetaMeta--TEDSTEDS
–– Transducer Channel TEDS Transducer Channel TEDS
–– Physical TEDSPhysical TEDS
–– Calibration TEDS Calibration TEDS
–– Frequency Response TEDS Frequency Response TEDS
–– ManufacturerManufacturer--defined TEDSdefined TEDS
–– End User Application Specific TEDSEnd User Application Specific TEDS
–– GeoGeo--location TEDSlocation TEDS
–– and moreand more……..
TEDS
Benefits of Having a TEDS with a TransducerBenefits of Having a TEDS with a Transducer
Having TEDS willHaving TEDS will
enable enable selfself--identification and selfidentification and self--descriptiondescription of sensors and of sensors and actuators.actuators.
help help selfself--configurationconfiguration of sensor system.of sensor system.
simplify field installation, upgrade, and maintenance of simplify field installation, upgrade, and maintenance of sensors by simple sensors by simple ““plug and playplug and play”” of devices to instruments of devices to instruments and networks.and networks.
provide provide selfself--documentationdocumentation..
enhanced support for enhanced support for ConditionedConditioned--Based MaintenanceBased Maintenance(CBM) systems.(CBM) systems.
IEEE 1451 Provides
Standard ways to connect sensors and actuators to Standard ways to connect sensors and actuators to
networks and instruments that facilitate networks and instruments that facilitate
InteroperabilityInteroperability
NCAP
TIM TIM
Network
Network Level InteroperabilityNetwork Level Interoperability
Through STWSThrough STWS
Sensor Level InteroperabilitySensor Level Interoperability
(IEEE 1451.0 and 1451.x)(IEEE 1451.0 and 1451.x)
What Is STWS?What Is STWS?
STWS (Smart Transducer Web Services) is a set of web services for IEEE 1451 smart transducers. The STWS includes:
– NCAP Discovery– TimDiscovery,
– TransducerDiscovery,
– ReadTransducerData, – ReadGeolocationTEDS, and
– ReadTimMetaIDTeds services.
The STWS is based on the IEEE 1451.0 transducer services. The STWS is described in WSDL (Web Services Description Language)
The STWS provides standard-based sensor interoperability (XML, SOAP, WSDL,…)
STWSSTWS-- A Unified Web Service for A Unified Web Service for
IEEE 1451 Smart TransducersIEEE 1451 Smart Transducers
Smart Transducer
Web Services
IEEE 1451.0
Transducers
IEEE
1451
Sensor
Network
IEEE
1451 TIM
Smart Transducer
Web Services
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Transducers
IEEE 1451.0
IEEE 1451.X
Smart Transducer
Web Services
IEEE 1451.0
Transducers
Sensor Application
(STWS Consumer)Smart Transducer
Web Services Client
STWS
Provider
wired and/or
wireless
STWS Consumer
(Sensor Application)3 ways ofconnectivity
STWS+NCAP/TIMSTWS/NCAP+ TIMs
IntegratedSTWS/NCAP/TIM
Web and Network Access Web and Network Access
of IEEE 1451 of IEEE 1451 Sensors and ActuatorsSensors and Actuators
NCAP IEEE 1451.0 Transducer Services
NCAP IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.X Communication Module
TIM IEEE 1451.0 Services
Signal Conditioning and Data Conversion
Transducer
1451.X PHY TEDS
IEEE1451 NCAP
IEEE1451 TIM
IEEE 1451.X
PHY layer
Smart Transducer Web Services
Transducer Transducer
Network
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP Protocol
IEEE 1451.1
1451.0 TEDS
Integration ofIntegration of
IEEE 1451 with IEEE 1451 with
OGCOGC--SWE andSWE and
Ocean Ocean
InstrumentsInstruments
(Demo architecture)(Demo architecture) IEEE-1451.0-based STWSWeb Service
Interface (NIST)
Smart Transducer Web Service (STWS)
STWS
Consumer (OGC)
STWS SOAP/HTTP
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP Client
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP Server
RS 232 C
PUCK Adaptor
OGC –SWE SOS SOAP/HTTP
SOS Service
STWS Client
Application
SOS ClientSOS Consumer
(OGC)
Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.2 PHY TEDS
Transducer Transducer
1451.0 TEDS
RS 232 C
TIM(ocean
instrument)
…Signal Conditioning and Conversion
Transducer
1451.2 PHY TEDS
Transducer Transducer
1451.0 TEDS
RS 232 C
…
NCAP Laptop
European Instruments
(ESONET)
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP Server
RS 232 C
IEEE P1451.2
NCAPLaptop
(MBARI)
Network Level
Sensor Level
Internet
STWS
OGC-SOS
Sensor
Application (SOS Client)STWS
Client
MBARI
NCAPKiel
NCAP
Bremen
NCAP
Barcelona
NCAP
Seabird
CCD(Temperature,
Conductivity,
Pressure,
Salinity)
Ocean Weather
Station(speed, direction,
Water temperature,
Humidity,
Precipitation,
Air Pressure,
Air temperature,
Sea level,
Surface downwelling)
Ocean Weather
Station(speed,
Water
temperature,
Humidity,
Surface
downwelling)
Seabird
CCD(Temperature,
Conductivity,
Pressure,
Salinity)
Dummy
Instrument(Dummy1
Dummy2
Dummy3)
XR-420
CTD(Temperature,
Conductivity,
Pressure)
WetLabs Triplet(Chlorophyll,
Turbidity,
Turbidity)
Triplet(Chlorophy,
Turbidity,
Turbidity)
SeaBird(Temperature,
Conductivity,
Pressure,
Salinity)
Seabird
CCD(Pressure,
Temperature,
Conductivity)
Ocean Sensor Demo Layout:1 - Sensor App1 - OGC-SOS1 - STWS Client1 - STWS
4 - NCAPs10 - TIMs41 - sensors
IEEE 1451.0 HTTP
STWS
SOS
Sensor Standards Harmonization
Working GroupMeet quarterly withMeet quarterly with
participation and participation and
coordination:coordination:
•• IEEE IEEE
•• OGCOGC
•• ISAISA
•• IndustryIndustry
•• US GovernmentUS Government
-- NISTNIST
-- national labsnational labs
-- DHSDHS
-- DoDDoD
-- DoJDoJ
-- ……
For More Information About For More Information About
TCTC--9 Sponsored IEEE Standards9 Sponsored IEEE Standards
Contact: Kang Lee at Contact: Kang Lee at [email protected]@nist.gov
IEEE 1451 websites:IEEE 1451 websites:
1451 smart transducers: 1451 smart transducers: http://ieee1451.nist.govhttp://ieee1451.nist.gov
1451.0 common commands: 1451.0 common commands: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/0http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/0
1451.4 mixed1451.4 mixed--mode transducersmode transducers http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/4http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/4
1451.5 1451.5 wireless sensorswireless sensors http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/5http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/5
1451.7 sensor RFID integration: 1451.7 sensor RFID integration: contact Kang Lee contact Kang Lee
STWS paper STWS paper –– contact Kang Lee orcontact Kang Lee orhttp://http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumberieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4553885=4553885
ANSI/IEEE 1588 (ISO/IEC 61588), Standard for a Precision Clock ANSI/IEEE 1588 (ISO/IEC 61588), Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems: Systems: http://ieee1588.nist.govhttp://ieee1588.nist.gov, ,
Published IEEE standards can be purchased at Published IEEE standards can be purchased at
http://http://standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/std/numerical.htmlstandards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/std/numerical.html
