IB Music SLIB Music SL

Classical Music Classical Music

Concerto and SonataConcerto and Sonata

The Classical ConcertoThe Classical Concerto

The Movements of the ConcertoThe Movements of the Concerto Three movements: fast-slow-fastThree movements: fast-slow-fast CadenzaCadenza

The Classical ConcertoThe Classical Concerto

First movementFirst movement Ritornello and Ritornello and

sonata-allegro formsonata-allegro form First-movement First-movement

concerto formconcerto form Sonata-allegro with Sonata-allegro with

double expositiondouble exposition Key change in the Key change in the

second expositionsecond exposition

The Classical ConcertoThe Classical Concerto

Second movementSecond movement slow and lyricalslow and lyrical Andante, Adagio or LargoAndante, Adagio or Largo

Third movementThird movement Allegro molto or PrestoAllegro molto or Presto Rondo form or sonata-allegroRondo form or sonata-allegro

Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453

Barbara von PloyerBarbara von Ployer

I: Allegro, I: Allegro, concerto formconcerto form ExpositionExposition

– Orchestral expositionOrchestral exposition– Piano soloist exposition, with new Piano soloist exposition, with new

themetheme– Orchestral tuttiOrchestral tutti

DevelopmentDevelopment Recapitulation with cadenzaRecapitulation with cadenza CodaCoda

Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453

II: Lyrical AndanteII: Lyrical Andante Also features a double expositionAlso features a double expositionIII: Allegretto in 2/2III: Allegretto in 2/2 Theme and variations formTheme and variations form Presto coda closes the workPresto coda closes the work

Haydn:Haydn:Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major, Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major,

IIIIII

Considered one of his finest works for solo Considered one of his finest works for solo instrument and orchestrainstrument and orchestra

Written for an experimental trumpet with Written for an experimental trumpet with keyskeys

Keys allowed instrument to play all notes Keys allowed instrument to play all notes of the scaleof the scale

Work first performed in 1800, then lost Work first performed in 1800, then lost until 1929until 1929

Now a standard piece in the trumpet Now a standard piece in the trumpet repertoryrepertory

Haydn:Haydn:Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major, Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major,

IIIIII

Compact three-movement formCompact three-movement form– I: AllegroI: Allegro

Flaunts keyed trumpet's capabilities with Flaunts keyed trumpet's capabilities with melodic and virtuosic passagesmelodic and virtuosic passages

– II: II: A-B-AA-B-A form form 6/8 meter, pastoral in mood6/8 meter, pastoral in mood

Haydn:Haydn:Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major, Trumpet Concerto in E-flat major,

IIIIII

– III: Sonata-rondoIII: Sonata-rondo Unexpected turns of harmony and dynamic Unexpected turns of harmony and dynamic

contrastscontrasts Combines elements of both sonata-allegro Combines elements of both sonata-allegro

and rondo formand rondo form Brilliant display piece for the trumpetBrilliant display piece for the trumpet

Famous Women Virtuosos Famous Women Virtuosos of the Eighteenth Centuryof the Eighteenth Century

Noble and upper-Noble and upper-middle-class womenmiddle-class women

Music teachers and Music teachers and professional performersprofessional performers– Maria Anna Mozart Maria Anna Mozart

“Nannerl”“Nannerl”– Maria Theresa von ParadisMaria Theresa von Paradis– Barbara von PloyerBarbara von Ployer

The Classical SonataThe Classical Sonata

Solo instrument or duo Solo instrument or duo

The Movements of the The Movements of the SonataSonata

Three or four Three or four contrasting contrasting movementsmovements

Fast-slow-moderate-Fast-slow-moderate-fastfast

Mozart: Piano Sonata in A major, K. 331, IIIMozart: Piano Sonata in A major, K. 331, III

Unusual formUnusual form I: Theme and variations on a Czech I: Theme and variations on a Czech

folk folk songsong– A majorA major

II: Minuet and trioII: Minuet and trio– A majorA major

Mozart: Piano Sonata in A major, K. 331, IIIMozart: Piano Sonata in A major, K. 331, III

III: Rondo “alla turca” (III: Rondo “alla turca” (A-B-C-B-A-B-A-B-C-B-A-B-BB))

A minor/majorA minor/major Evokes percussive sound of Turkish Evokes percussive sound of Turkish

Janissary (military) bandJanissary (military) band brassy quick-time marchbrassy quick-time march coda concludes the workcoda concludes the work

Janissary musicJanissary music

““Turkish” vogueTurkish” vogue Mozart’s Violin Concerto No. 5Mozart’s Violin Concerto No. 5 The Abduction from the SeraglioThe Abduction from the Seraglio

Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2

((MoonlightMoonlight))

Title given after Beethoven's deathTitle given after Beethoven's death Composed in 1801 while he was Composed in 1801 while he was

enamored of his young studentenamored of his young student– The work is dedicated to her The work is dedicated to her

Countess Giuletta GuicciardiCountess Giuletta Guicciardi

– She was once thought to be She was once thought to be Beethoven's "Immortal Beloved”Beethoven's "Immortal Beloved” 1994 film 1994 film Immortal BelovedImmortal Beloved inspired by inspired by

this storythis story

Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2

((MoonlightMoonlight))

Breaks with conventional formal moldsBreaks with conventional formal molds Retains the three-movement formatRetains the three-movement format I: I: Adagio sostenutoAdagio sostenuto

– Modified song form: the piano melodies "sing”Modified song form: the piano melodies "sing”– "Dreamy" tone, in C-sharp minor"Dreamy" tone, in C-sharp minor

II: II: AllegrettoAllegretto– Scherzo-trio form, D-flat majorScherzo-trio form, D-flat major– Frequent use of syncopationFrequent use of syncopation– A movement of respite A movement of respite

Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2

((MoonlightMoonlight))

III: III: Presto agitatoPresto agitato – Sonata-allegro form in C-sharp minorSonata-allegro form in C-sharp minor– Tension-filled with contrasting themes Tension-filled with contrasting themes

and restless motionand restless motion

Remains one of the most beloved Remains one of the most beloved works of the Classical repertoryworks of the Classical repertory