I Field Force Vietnam Lessons Learned 15 April 1968

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    UNCLASSIFIEDAD NUMBER

    AD389635CLASSIFICATION CHANGES

    TO: unclassified

    FROM: confidential

    LIMITATION CHANGESTO:Approved for public release, distributionunlimited

    FROM:Distribution authorized to U.S. Gov't.agencies and their contractors;Administrative/Operational Use; 19 FEB1968. Other requests shall be referred toDA, Office of the Adjutant General,Washington, DC 20310.

    AUTHORITY31 Dec 1974, group 4, per OAG D/A ltr 29Apr 1980

    THIS PAGE IS UNCLASSIFIED

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    GENERALDECLASSIFICATIONSCHEDULE

    INACCORDANCE WITHDO0 5200.1-R &EXECUTIVE ORDER 11652

    THIS DOCUMENT IS:CLASSIFIED BY--Subject to General Declassification Schedule ofExecutive Order 11652-Automatically Downgraded at2 Years Intervals-,DECLASSIFiED ON DECEMBER 31,/.L

    BYDefense Decumentatei Cepter

    iefense Supply AgencyCameron StationAlexandria, Virginia 22314

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    MA KINGThe classified or limited status of this repoi appliesto each page, unless otherwise marked.Separate page printouts MUST be marked accordingly.

    THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OFTHE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE LAWS, TITLE 18,U.S.C., SECTIONS 793 AND 794. THE TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION OFITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON iS PROHIBITED BYLAW.

    NOTICE: When government or other drawings, specifications or otherdata are used for any purpose other than in connection with a defi-nitely related government procurement operation, the U. S. Governmentthereby incurs no responsibility, nor any obligation whatsoever; andthe fact that the Government may have formulated, furnished, or in anyway supplied the said drawings, specifications, or other data is notto be regarded by implication or otherwise as in any manner licensingthe holder or any other person or corporation, or conveying any rightsor permission to-manufacture, use or sell any patented invention thatmay in any way be related thereto.

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    CONFIDENTIALDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYj~\~kk\(.FICE OF THE ADJUTANT GENERAL

    S .- WASHINGTON, D.C. Z0310

    IN REPLY RCFER TO

    AGAM-P (M) (18 Ap r 68) FO R OT RD 681197 25 April 1968

    SUBJECT: Operational Report - Lessons Learned, Headquarters, I FieldForce Vietnam Artillery, Period Ending 31 January 1968 (U)

    SEE DISTRIBUTION ' . . .t r .s i. .

    i. Subjeo re' is forwarded for review and evaluation in accord-ance with paragraph 5b, AR 525-15. Evaluations and corrective actionsshould be reported to ACSFOR OT RD, Operational Reports Branch, within90 days of receipt of covering letter.2. information contained in this report is provided to insure appro-priate benefits in the future from lessons learned during currentoperations and may be adapted for use in developing training material.

    O BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMY: 7---A0

    I incl . KENNETH C. WICmk}Mas K.., . ,Major General, USA, The Adjutant GeneralDISTRIBUTIONCor~nianding Generals

    US Continental Army CommandUS Army Combat Developments Command

    Co=,,andant sUS Army War CollegeUS Army Co=mand and General Staff College-US Army Adjutant General SchoolUS Army Air Defense SchoolUS Army Armor School .US Army Artillery and MIissile School '" "US Army Aviation SchoolUS Army Chemical School Regraded unclassifid when separatedUS Army Civil Affairs SchoolUS Army Engineer School from classified inclosure.US Army Infantry SchoolUS Army l.telligence School

    ,CONFIDENIIALE Sf RERUASU V

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    DISTRIBUTION (Cont,')US Army Medical Field Service SchoolUS Army Military Police SchoolUS Army Missile and Munitions SchoolUS Army Ordnance SchoolUS Army Quartermaster SchoolUS Army Security Agency SchoolUS Army Signal SchoolUS Army Southeastern Signal SchoolUS Army Special Warfare SchoolUS Army Transportation School

    Copies furnished:Office, Chief of Staff, US ArmyDeputy Chiefs of StaffChief of EngineersChief of Research and DevelopmentAssistant Chiefs of StaffThe Surgeon GeneralThe Provost Marshal GeneralResearch Analysis Corporation (Library)OSD(SA), Assistant for Southeast Asia ForcesNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationDefense Documentation CenterPlanning Research CorporationDirector, Weapons Systems Evaluation GroupCommanding Generals

    US Army Weapons Command5th Infantry Division (Mech)I Field Force Vietnam Artillery

    Commanding Officers4th Brigade, 6th Infantry Divisionist Battalion, 82d Artillery

    2

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    SCON ,B, MITALDEPARTMMIENT OF TME AR.MYfHEADQUARTERS I FILD FOCE VIETNAM A.TILLERYPp o 93,'50UIC WFFYITO

    AVFA-AT-D 1.9 February 1968SUBJECT: Operational Report fo r ruarterly Period Ending (31January 1V3), Reports Control Symbol CSFOR-65 (U)

    TO: See Distribution

    SECTION 1 (C) Significant Organization or nit Aqtivities.1. (C) General.

    a. (U) During the period I November 1967 through 31January 1968, I Field Force Vietnam Artillery continued tosupport United States, Vietnamese.and Free World MilitaryAssistance Forces (FWMAF) in 11 Corps Tactical Zone (CTZ).b. (C) 1 Field Force Vietnam Artillery units, total-ing two artillery groups, eleven battalions, five separatebatte.,ies and six detachments, supported all major operationsin 1i CTZ to include operations BOLLING, DYRD (MC LAIN),MIAC AiurTUR ,.?d PERSHING. Support was rendered Republic of KoreaForce in tte 9th and Capitol Infantry Division areas of opera-tion during Operations NINH HOA "j, MANG HO 9, HUNG DAONG 823

    and HZE CA-1 GX,,, Support to ARVN forcos was rendered throughoutTH CT1Z to units -,f t'he 22d and23 ARVrT Divisions, the 24thSpecial Tactical Zone and in provincinl defense.c. (U) Positioning of Heavy Artillery. An exten-sive study of heavy artillery assets within i FFORCEV Artillery

    resulted in a basic positioning plan. This plron utilizesfully the firepower, accuracy and long range interdiction capa-bility of heavy artillery by displacing to supplementary firingpositions on short notice, thereby extending coverage and bring-ing fires on enemy positions considered previously as sanctuaries.d. (U) Support of Special Forces. 1 FFORCEV Artil-lery groups established liaison with special forces B detach-ments in ii CTZ to insure adequate artillery support is pro-vided special forces camps and operations. Thus far supporthas included training assistance at those camps equipped withartillery for forward observers, gun crews and fire direction.Foeow00 &.S! |2n . .. ....... GROUP 4... .DOWNGRADED AT 3 YEAR IITERVALS;

    t'vot CIC S''a to orc~lnDECLASSIFIED AFTER 12 YA S00IS N F DOD DIR 5200.10ofl.~ - -"-.

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    COMM[1ENTALAVFA--AT-DSUBJECT: OneratiOna), ?Pbtt fOr' Pltrtrly Poviod Ending(31 LU~ary~) i~eo1t Cont--o! Symbno? CSFCR-Ii5 (U)Dersonnel; providjir, - orwq~td bbsoi-vors ard Zuic'- firechinsfor operations; and oxchanging iiiteligenc: trfornatio.

    G. (C-NQOON) Assist~nce to AaITM Ar'tilJlory.(1) During the xfoport-ing norioci a thorough studywas comoted to determine means of aisngin thie innrove-ment of A3,Th1 artillery effectivoness. A major --muross of thestudy was to 4etermire procedures to improve coordinati-or~ofire between US and A:'YN artiAlery. The study group conc2.udeci:

    (a) ARMN artillery units aipsar t b3 welItrained and !Rzowledgeablaw in, the fundamortals of artillery.Thoir officeors are ca'~able, cno1 a. cowmprchersive trsini-ngprograml is ina effect..(b) MA~mitatCions are pl,-:ced upon, the effectof AlIVII artillery fire by the static natura o~f its mission,

    4 the large a1rea t-. be covere,' by a sniaf nmr f units andinaclequate sunport nnd e'qiiDment.

    (c) The coordinnti'on of f iro Aewe .11MVand other FIT-1AF is i-nofHicioi'rt becAuse of aommuicntions dif*-ficulty and lnclr of crda'i of forces opcrating ir. theSEIM(, *."^ca. Tho raost- effective method of Jinsurire.g close firesulinort cc,:rdikiatior is through tha us, of joint oncz-ations.(2) 'Recoutuendations fzl-2 ir-mpr~ing assistance to.ARVIT iaclud-,d.

    manuvents ~)Coorlyinsation of 'he efforts of nelAFunis rz hehigh~est level n-ossible i.a~ng towardsmorGficintfire coordirtition an d all")cotio,-n of artilleryun it..(t.% ARVW~ Arti)llery uaits continue to be.furnished training si4pport by VS - artillery units when requesic

    ()US units contipue to Drovide limitedmaintenance and logistic sqppox~t when rectnested by the bat"-talion aivisor.Md US 'achnical faii ssuchas netroanid survey bn e iado av~ailable to L'lqW units whore-iver possible.To insure that. at data is effectiv,- pora hudbcstabli-shee by which US units, i-;n conj4unction withARVN surveyteams, perform a fall1 of shot calibration of AIVN units whichcm receive met messages.

    Ipca -."aRqic"CO FIoNtA RJ4zrti"'aeiS

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    AVLA--AT.-DSUBJECT: Operatioral Roport for "uirtor3 v Poriod Ending(3 auiy ~33,-x~sCnr!)! Symbol CSFOIR-35 (U)(a) US air obsorvers should be used to reg.-iste r ARVN weapons.

    (*)Liaison be established belvcen US andA'RVN artillery uni.ts at the lowest fire coordi-nation ,evol,(3 Rocommndations of th3 study vroun have beenimplemented in nart e-uring tho rzenorting period. Progress hasbeen made in Ploilcu, Ds)h To and *i n th,' Pershi'g At") in the0 areaof fire sui.port coordination, training ass istonco and1 provisionof mteorological data. I FF0Z'"CEV Artillery prcovided ItraIn ingsunport for both A'.VN arti llery and maneuver units during thereport'ing, period. Forward obevrtrainirg courses were pre-sentod to cormpany grade ofloiccrs of the 40*--, 4'etan .7th

    AaRVN .1agimot.,t; innintcnanco and survey coairses wore -0rsn'e;and ARVNq artillery fire rvissiors aro being procassod throughUS artillery FADAC, intcgrnt-ng firos of adjacent units.f. (U) On 3.1" Novei.L-or 313'37 Hoadoquarters Battery,I Field "Force Viot"nam Artillory opened officially a fieldratior mess hall and served tho first meal sin~ce arrival'J in IVN.Prior to this date Headqeurters Battery porsonnol subsistedwith 237th Transportat ion Company (CA71). Th e MesHall isresnonsble foredinog twD TOE and three T'A units with an.

    average da-ily healdeount of S3C0 porsonne.* .(0) Tt. 15th Bttalion, 22c Artillery 05mgun,self pronelled) arrived in' country on 24 Docember 12^? ard wasattached to 52d Artillery Grou-o effective 3. Jarnuary 17,38. 41istArtillory Group hosted the unit duringl their in processin7gTneriod. The battali on, was assigne,1d th ni ss .or o~ Gner lSuppnrt of the US/ARVIV/A1.1AF in Hi C73 on ',', January l3..

    Battalion base car.an wzas ostablished at ANl IMI.h. ()On 3 January l3)3.V3 Lioutandnt G'~ncral1,1WiliariB. ossor, Cor.wa~nding G)neri'3, I ie F rce Viotna nrosontedHcadcuortors and Hozadqunrtavs Bottory, 1 Fi.z'd Force Vie-tnamrt-illery the eitrusUnit Citation for the period Noveinber19515 to July 1966. Tho coreriony as conducted eat the *SthSpecial Forco Group (Airborne) Z'uadrangl.e, Nha: Trang. inaddition to Ganeral losson, the reviewing prty inclIuded Briga-

    dier Goner.al. ;amos 'r. XIea.rgis, :orimandiiig General, 1 FieldForce Vie"na Artillery. Col~onel FriL . ~a~c,.r ~ptArtillery Commander was Commander of Trools.i. (0) On 7 January ).~,Battory 4, 3d B,%titta.i on,18th Artillery wias reriovcd from nttachmnit wiith Sth BI-ttalion.,14th Artillery and rejoined it s narert battaliop in I CTZ.

    CO~fENTIAL ~

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    CONFIDENTIALAVFA-AT-DSUBJECT: Operationa1 :cp'rt fo r f'turterly Poriod Ending (31January lO$O),. Toports C:,ntrol Symbol CSFOR-G5 (U)

    j. (C) lst Battalion, aOth Artillery (-) completedmovement to I CTZ on 23 Jarunry I$5 when olements from bat-talion headquarters and Battery B joined Battery A in surportof the ist Cavalry Division (Airhobile) in the Hue/Phu Baiarea.

    2. (U) Intelligence.a. Intelligence Summary (INTSUM). The first 1 FFORCEVArtillery INTSUM was dispatched on 6 January 193. The INTSUMcontains significant artillery intellig.ence reportod by unitsattached to I FFOR.C3V Artillery. intelligence reported is con-solidatecd by the I FFO!CEV Artillery S2 Section c-nd disseminatedto FFORCEV G2, 5th Special Forcoe Group and all artillery unitsincluding the division artillery and separate brigades. In-creased emphasis on artillery target intelligence is expectedto result in more timely and accurate target acquisition andwill increase the effectiveness of artillery fires.b. Surveillance.

    (1) Aerial Surveillance: An increase in allo-cation of surveillance aircraft (01E) to 1 FFORCEV Artilleryfrotm 9,to 17 during the roport-ng Cquarter has enabled a signif-icant increase in the surveillance effort of force artilleryunits. This increase resulted in increased target acquisitionand improved target surveillance.

    (2) Ground Surveillande: A pyogram of groundob, ervation from within or near each firin g battery positionhas beon initiated in I FFORCEV Artillery. The objective ofthe ground surveillance program is to tahe advantage of everyopportunity to detect enemy activity and to obtain generalbattlofiold intelligence. Woll fortified observation posts areconstructed from which observers are able to provido tizioly andaccurate data on eneniy firing positions during mortar or rockeattacks.

    3. (C) Oiprations an6 Training Activities.a. (C) Operations.

    (1 ) (U) 31TREP.S) On 25 December I037, i Field Force VietnamArtillery initiated a revised system for reporting artillery,

    CC , XDENTIAL

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    AVFA-AT--DSUBJECT: Ortoabpr o ut1yPeriod 23cdirgl(3Japuiary- 1 f3,eports ~~rC Sy-eboI CSF'CR-5 (U)naval gunfire and tactical air cnziuniIion cxpanditures. Thlenlew SITREP p~rovides more rtioningfu2. data --cgarding the :manrin which fire support zoo-,urcos arc boil- anplod. All) c-i'.)editures arcow reported by tccrget category as follows:

    ArtiilL~ry and Hava). Gunfire Tactical AirConfirmed a, d ingc Zone ConstructionAc-uireciL -.,d1-ngr-one PrepartoCounterbattery -Preparatory RFIrespronration Close irSuPPort"

    r.tedicati z Cw~voy CoverSi~ecial Pu~p-sa :Znoyin Enemy LzcationsOthors Suspoctcd Eny Locations

    !re-it:on Mi ssio nsSupport -Jiver to A7051 Forces 4s mc~nitored on a monthly ba is.

    (b) The purpose o'f deveopin~~a ~ de--fi1.ive roport and analysis systom, is t-o 1,rovidc a Vehicle forchannolino tho efforts ox all fi-e suwort agencies towlardcimmon jbjoctives, 1, ca ar'c: To dirtfipoeagisthenemy so as to- malho thie mo^st of-iie* and coordinated usepossible d6f iicte-ratcd fire supplrt. rosourcos, and to,. ohtainmaximum utilizati,-on of' all ordnanco ox~ended.

    (c) Init-ia). indications are that the systowia-s bcjrun to channol. cfforts of -Nirc- suoport aigencl as in theright firaction.aid' that i t wil- .rovide an excellent. man-age-mat and evaluation tool. by:1~ii~a g"--,winr awareness o.f tharectuirement f,)r oxw-andcand Tcrget accquisiti.)i efforts.

    2 Iliustrgating toho necessity foradherence to proper fir7O support procedures.7Focusinp atte6ntion on tha need forcoordinated integration oY all sireuort means.

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    AVFA-AqT-DSUBJECT: Oporatio.'nal. fR~-: uarto r3y Poriod Encling (31January 1 13)r,rts C2tr ytbol CC-FO-35 (U)I C4Pro)viding Sn accurate and dof initiveindication as to whichi or~mints ara using fire suppo-rtl mosteffectivoly.

    5Aiding tac~icaT conman.dors in theairevacluation of siecific firing units, naval vupf ire roso)urcesand use of tactica. air when, radoi1oymint or realignment . fforces is beinff considered.'(2) (U) In January 1^13 Commanding Gonaral,I Field Force Viotnain Artillery ini tiated a dpily staff br jeff-ing for o.fficers and senior no sin.doff2icers ox" -theoxitire staff. A rwoibar of the Fire Su-onort C,)rdi'ationEloeinnt (FSCE) covers the sifnificant activitios Jn..1en ofOperatio'ns and Intelliyonce for 8-outh Vietnam with snocia. em-iphasis on 11 CP3. A mmbrof tile 82 Oporation's s.ctio c'versall 1 Forco Artil!-ry unit .oes On a ro)tatin- basis eachstaff sa-ction briofs an item of iDterest 1:rtairing to tnesectioin. The nriiua-ry purrjose olf tho dail.y staff briefina isto hke all staff sections and individuals in'formed fully pnthe tactical situation, artillery support; and other areas of

    () (U) Stntistics for US Art- ll-ry in 11 CorpsTacti cal Zgone for the reqporting quarter: (Final report under-old cato".eries Of" 0:*Oncitures)(a) Mission-, fired:

    NO V DEC JANr !- _7 -,-

    TUiTOBSERVED r.390- a734(b) Ammunition 31.-pnditures

    MIONTH CALIBER RIDS EZED %Or, TOTAL ROUNDS/TUBE/D.NOV 10 5 a0,05 1.0 4

    0 3 3, 7% .23175 22L 2

    Subtotal, CSf3 , 4 io% *

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    CONF IDENTIALAVFA-AT-D.SUBJECT: 0 erati.naL A.--t f' r,urteriy PariD6 Endi-_- (-I January 1932), Rory,)rts Ctr syrmbo! MSRO.- (U)DEC 105 230,1,q 7s% .44

    155 54,, 06 1T8" 2.1,436

    17.3 7,613 4Subtotal 313,803 !Y %___ -_._______

    1 JAN 105 1-8,277 I155 52,496% 288" 23,212 12.1 7 F ] ,9 4 X._

    Subto al . 103% 3Total 959,154 10 %

    *Proratedc vv.go(4) (C) Artillery Strength. The f l-,L: cchart re lo-s artilery tube strength by ca]iber for US, AD.Iand i IMAF Artillery units in 11 C. at the end of the quarter.

    CALiBER !O713 15 5 .r.l 8 inch i 7S..7US Divisional 77 18 4 0.VOK Divisiona! IN8 36 00US Force Artillery 72 34 20 23A1110 Artil.lery 91 42 0'Special Fo)rces Arty" 1. 0 0 0Total .130 24 28

    b. (U) Trainirg.(1) To increase professionaiism w,,ithin the artil-lcry and to insure a sa4f transition into conbatt operationsfor newvly arrived persi'nel, two courses of instruction forI FFORCEV Artillery an. divisional artillery units have beeninitiated by this headcuartors bg-,nin S January 1938.

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    AVFA-AT- DSUBJ3CT: Oloorat'x. al Ronort. fir -ua:.,tery Pa_"x , Erdic~ (2).Jmaary 1'31),Ra2i, rts Cxit.r:l 3ym~b ! CST-2-3'_ (U)(a) F rward.1 3brvor Itraining Course(FOTO). Conducted foulr tir.30 1i)r monI~th at 2d En, 17t'h Arty

    for a maxcimum of 12 studonts/class, IFOTC consists of eight-iours ofclassroom instructi"on a-nd S hours service oracticeand nractical application. FOTC%" cover-s _'uties -)A- the FO taavm,oeuimrt, r.moreading,, co.mrissio.r -)-rtllry fire 'Z'.-.1-1g, rules of ::--goment, cDrdaatIion aic cleararce of fire,TAO Air,, koi3. 'ocltst Artlk1ry, Naval SupportL" nigh7't frand lessons learned.

    (b) Fire Dircoction Offico,: Trai:'inmg C-ourse(FDOTO), Conductod f- ur tim.es per mnth amt 3d Br., Sth [rtyfra 7.naxu~ of 1 student s/c ass, FDOTC covers .)rganization of theFIDC, duties o*f: ox'sninnel, rulecs of ongareont, co:ordinationand clearance of fires, ocpioient, detormi*-nati'on of' chart dnata,iorrns, regist::ations, t'iotrz, V'-', 'ADLC, dofloctioDn and fuzedranlyleenson!:apl+tio3o_21nl ie os a a:;7;u rvoyed .iring cha"rtsv, safZet"y, O,'tonsive -ractical arp:p.caM-i~and lessons learned.

    (c) GOoration of t1.hose courses is not ex-pectod to be a panacea but should -provc -a sten7 fo-rward ir1ins:?irthe tJiucly and accurate delivery of devastatinZ-irson the anom.y. Co.tne and vi--,rous training at t' Glowest levels fojr all sloraozts oi the aunnary chai.- iSCIllrcosuirlad to insure traeitional artillery :)r-f~si'aI-*sY.()Pprs-Dlmel ofHeadcuarters and :HeadvuartorsBattery, 1 Field Force Vietnam Atillery viorze engage'd in S2days of isonoriantcd o:peratims. Requirod manadatory and

    n--tho-j ob trainizn, was conducted concurrently f7or 5~S days..(U) Pe'rsonnel.a.Personnel and Adrini tration. Strongth fiJgures oHeadauarters, 1 Field Forco WaIltnami Artillerty on 31 January - 28wlore:

    Pusn DutL*y a

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    AVrFA-AT-DSUBJECT: Op~eration~al.~r for unt?2yPari-d End~ing (S'January i"3003), Aonprlts Contrcol Sy--nbol CSFOR-35,' (U)b. Aest andc RocuperntionPo~'~

    LI0ts',eceiveci 71 i7.1-)u0 tL, Utilized 10oPorcontago Utilizod 6370 53%1 a 17c. Aaarcls and Doc~rati.4,ons. Tho folwin- awarces an~ddecorations laero pro-edossei during this period f,)r units ofI FFORCE'V Artillery:

    i'T)v Doe Ja~nACM 3 3 6ACM (V) 13 2BS 29 3BS(V

    LM 1 .02 iSMR .AM 4 2 7

    di. Accidents: The folbwmintr accicX-' nts were rocirdedduring this periodi f-r unit~s oD i no.EV ~At11cry.No)v D c ja 11V 11icu ar 20

    Other .3 5 7e. Bfora1c and Disciplino: Morale and disci-pne have

    continued to be exc,, lontL- throu~hout the raey)rti na oeriod.SECTIONT 2 (U) Cox.ndr' .Observations, nd Recomnendton~s.PARIT I Obsorvations (Lessons Learned).

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    AVFA-.AT-DSUBJECT: Operational Inport for ':uar'terJly Period Ending (321January llo, orts Cotrol. Symbol CSFOR-35 (U)1. Operations.

    Item: Employment of the Xelnon Searchlight ADI/NISS-3,Discussion: Tho Xenon Sear'chlignlht AIN/MSS-~3 can beemployed effectively to deny the ene-my access to villages withinthe visible light range of the soarchlight. A searchlighit whichhas boen Dlaced on a hill with ROX forces has been cenlpoyedeffectively in denying free entry and exit of VC/101A forcesinto surrounding Vietnamese villages. The saarchlight's visiblelight beam is placed on villages at random times for irregularlengths of timtio throughout the night. A siginal system has alsobeen established with the villages where:by they are able to

    request lienht upoan their villages should suspicious activitybe ot dOb s*ervation: Established liaison with villages in.range of searchlights has~ prevented free access to VC/NIVAforces attempting to obtain food, capture villagas, etc.

    2. Intelligence.a. 1tora: Use of Aerial Photography in Artillery Surveys.

    Discussion: A ground reconnaissance must be nadepri or to publishing a survey operations ordar. The ground reconshould be oreceded by a iap and photo r-con. Detailed and upto date information normally not available- on a .map may beextracted from. aerial photogra-phs. The use of Aerial photo-gra-ohs and mashas resulted in the foallowing:(1) A more dotailed nap/photo recon~naissance ma y

    be accomplished which includes:(a) Sight alignment botwieen *oiats (viap).(b) Accessibility of" points to be occupied(i.e., landing zones, trails, ste-oness of slopes, vegetationand ruggedness of the terrain) (Acrial Photo).(c) Probable positions in which to place

    SCPs on or near man made objects co.nstructed aftor rap wasprinted; (i.e., many hill tios are now occupiad by militaryunits or civilian hamlets) (Aerial Photo).Wd The probability of being- able to recoverexisting survey control points. (Aerial Photo).

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    f AVFA-AT-DSUB3JECT: Operational ?~'tfor 'tiarterJly Period Bndin- (,'-January 1S33), R~cort s Control Bynbo1 CSFOR-65 (U)(2) wcmall units that might require survey controlmay be located and incitided in the iplatnng. (11sap/Aerial Photo)(3), Act'ual -round rcl~nnaiossnnce of some1' -.:.;iltsis eliminated bocauso suffoicient i rtoncan be ez:trac-teddirectl-.y fron: the 'nhoto ra-nn-. (Aerial Photo).

    (~)e Suvey fficor may moro readily identifyamountain, road, SOP whon comparing photo-to-groun Troia -anaircra'ft. (Aarial Pho3to)

    ()E.-nosuro to hostilo f-irc and rc-connaisstncetir'io is reduce.F o a minfinu.(M /Ara ot)(3)' Tho nhot':'a-hs may be used to) 1rifysurvey insorne who coul ' -opn heSre fi

    xi the 'roconnaissanca. (Ml:;Aa 1*Photo).Oserva tioil Uzi*nZ- t'Che Phot ozraphic interpereta t ioiliavailable at. Force level, the im s-pent on iedrecoln-naissanc1- is reducod crrontly o's spacific points to be cheol-0edare pre- planned and "lwandering- around' For alternate t:,esitionSisvrcuay 07riinaed.b. Iton: Use of Coammrcial Pewer for- the fAIT/MPQ-2.OA and AN/MPQZ--

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    A"VFA-AT-DSUBJECT: Ooratiozn,. f-):- -rimz'to,3y Pz-riod ~ (~.-Jnnw-xy 3"., -t CnrlSyLlCSO-2 (U)lDipcsas no boon;oi' 'Uscesf ropiiteliozcnce. ntor icti=.- firos ha.vo b)oor. iArmm d, bas cl -)r- intui-tiop:D arcnd -)riao on t-is troar., :tcim, instaof or areas vhero there i-s a hiah rrobabiIity' ---? nomy rresence.Tho f'a--vint-ati)n o~artillery Lunts h.-as nlso contrn-ibutoci tohsitu~xtion, -as tore anc2 mirceit:-cin i '0s"a~inz i-S '1-at lovor echolorns whica cl'o no, 2av3 ra'2i e accoss tito2.li --ncen Iencies. IntColi-once avai lable to taicetinrr aoncins at alllevels hac tendod t,) ba too stale f or targ-oting, puroYses.

    OLsorvati '. Division and C:orns lovol F3C31sha v torsnnl n" ' 41-10rsnul-ces to Dvercormo these short-cow... Xts nocssary tD establish a direct che1nne! ofcomnunication betWoo: thoa FSCC/FSCE and t-ha G2 to insure currentintelli~onca in thj- form, of rrisonar i.nterzoation, agf-ent,aerial and goi rec-onnaissanco ren=rts is m~ade -available fortarsot-imn' use while it is still va.Ie. B3y targeltin-, on a dailybasio and utili.3rthe most currentintolligvence availablo,

    damae onthe enemy..b. I em~: Tar ;etin7r nn B352 strikes.

    D iscusson: Taraoti n- f~o' C-75 strike s has beenoccomlishod many tirm. z witlrout a complete anal.ysis. Es-r tar-gets should rzoot the followiin: criteria:(1) The tar- ot miust bo of? sufficient importanceto, warrant the b.oavy o eznciture of ordnance.(:") IT must be of an periiir-ont or sin,nerimanonttftture Ou3 to th.: timo LJact-or irnvoe in coorclimnting the

    Undr 0."uly eet11s the a1V-ovo- Ciiteria. in additioni to the loca-tion, nzature, sino and sh-re o--. the, torget, the foiloviin-; inf or-mation must b'e eterminod:(s.) Vulnerability of the tarast i.e. bun!-ers

    with overhead ovr fo;rholos, e1tc.()Canabi l i , ,y: Does tar-get nose a major tChreatto friendly tZ-ors? Does the targemt have th capability -)-movin- rap~idly?

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    AVF A-AT -DSUBJECT: Oncrations.-. '2onrt Tho 'unrtcrly Petiod Rl-T'd (?lJanuary l ),ror C:mntr'1 f3yr.,bol CSO~-~(U)()Recuvperabil3ity: Csa.n tar'et recuporatesoon' astor the strihe ti.% oso a c'onL-tiincclhr to fz-eincflytroons?

    (4) Terrain: Hilly, ator heavily wooded1;errain will a-Zect the lovel o'L dama~'ge that can be accompl~ished.moime i~s , nti~~i~ Pro;ziiity IM fr-ieandly troors, roli21-ious

    Mftor .-Dnsidorinr all the abo-:ve, 1tho tar-at bo: ' must ben~ane~to inflict, mazimm cdhao on thce anoywila od thelevel 32 rish: to all 12riendly ;mr~nie nd ins tallation~s to ami~ni.mum. Once a -Ltr,,'t is chosen it', must bc undated Contirmually* ~to de~mn otnigvalirlity. 'With proper_ -aralysis indtargatinv technic-ucs the B!:2 strihn; c- : yieold bGetter results.PA*.T 11 Rocoriiondtions. I-orte.,

    I~~~ Inl oTG. tCAL317GISOr-mnisational kotlructurG Bri-Aier General, USA

    WSTRIBUTI ON:2-CINCUSARPPC, hATTT: GPOP-OT, APO C5~Z-CG, USARV, MT: ATZGC-DET, APO ?Yd-CG *, I FMIC.-, ATTV: AVFA..GC-OT, APO -33,i

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    AVFA-GC-OT (19 Fe b 68) Ist IndSUBJECT: Operational.Report for Quarterly Period Ending (31 January1968), Reports Control Symbol CSFOR-65 (U)

    HBADQUARTIERS, I FIELD FORCE VIMTNAM, AP O 96350 6 MAR 1968TO: Comanding General, United States Army Vietnam, AT. 'T: AVHGC-DST,

    APO 96375Concur.FO R THE COM.AAWDER:

    GERALD t. OVERST H-.TrCOLONEL.AGCAIJUTANT GENERAL

    Copy furnished:2 - ACSFOR, DA , Wash DC 20310

    I1

    14

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    AVHGC-DST (19 Feb 68) 2d IndSUBJECT: Operational Report fo r Quarterly Period Ending (31 January 1968),Reports Control Symbol CSFOR-65 (U)HEADQUARTERS, US AIMY VIETNAM, APO San Francisco 96375 . 0 IAR 1968TO: Commander in Chief, United States Army, Pacific, ATTN: GPOP-DT,

    APO 965581. This headquarters has reviewed the Operational Report-LessonsLearned for the quarterly period ending 31 January 1968 from Headquarters,

    I Field Force Vietnam Artillery (FFHA) as indorsed.2. Concur with report as indorsed. Report is considered adequate.3. A copy of this indorsement will be furnished to the reportingunit through channels,

    FOR TH E CM.IANDER:

    C. S. NAKATSUKASACaptin, AGCAssistant Adjutant Genonj

    Copies furnished:HQ, IFFOROEVHQ, IFFORCEV ARTY

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    !1GPOP-DT (1 9 Feb 68) 3d Ind (U)SUBJECT: Operational Report of HQ, I Fld Force Vn Arty for Period

    Ending 31 January 1968 (RCS CSFOR-65)(R1)HQ, US Army, Pacific, APO San Francisco 96558 2 9 I';AR98TO: Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development, Department of the

    Army, Washington, D. C. 20310This headquarters has evaluated subject report and forwarding indorse-ments and concurs in the report as indorsed.FOR THE COMIQNDER IN CHIEF:

    K. r-. OSBOURNMAJ, AGCAsst AG

    16

    LI

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    K FOR. OFFICIAL UJSE ONLY'rAVFA-AT-DSUBJECT: (Organilzvtional. Structur-, ) to GOicrational Reporttor nquarterly Poriod Endins 31. January 1938,:~oprtsControl Symbol CSFOR-35 (U)ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE:

    (FOUO) Artillery units attached to I Field Force Vietn~amArtillery at the end of the reporting poriod wore:

    I FFORCEV Artillory5th Battalion, 27th Artillery (105rmm T)^th Battalion, 32d Artillery (l75mm,/3 inch SP)

    41st Artillery Group7th Battalion, 13hArtillery (105mm.T)

    Battery C, 1st Battalion, 0th.- Artillery (155mr. T)7th BVattalini, 15th Artillory (171Smri/8 inch Kb)

    Ba"Etry C, Gth Battalion, 13th Artillery (155.5mm T)2d Battalion, 17th Artillery (105rmm T/15951; T)1st Battalion, ?0th Artillery (.-) (155rm T)4th Battalion, 30th 'Artillery (AWISP)

    Battery B, 29th Artillery (Sea.rchli.'ht)Battery E, 41st Artillery (BIG)

    Headquarters Battery, 8th Target Acquisition Battalion,23th Artillery77th Field Artillery Dotachmont (Radar)237th Field Artillery Detachment (Radar)241st Field Artillery Deta-chment (Radar)242d Field Artillery Detachment (Radar)243d Field Artillery Detachment (Rdar)244th Field Artillery Detachmont (Radar)

    FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLYInclosure 1

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    FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

    AVFA-AT-DSUBJECT: (Organizational Structure) to Oporat'ional Reportfor Ouarterly Period Enclino; 31 January 1933,Reports Control Syv.,bol CSFOR-35 (U)I52d Artillery Group

    -d Battalion, Sth Artillery (lO5mmi SP)Sth Battalion, 14th Artillory (l75~n/3 inch SP)5th Battalion, 22d A~rtillery (l75rmm SP)let Battalion, 92d Artillery (15&win T)

    FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

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    UINCLASSTIFI)D..Securit Cossification of'baM',idcnd ln2nnnittonn ,. be o ,d hn heo rfl eot. .......... .

    DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA- R & D(Secuity claslicit tlon of title. body oD bstoC t ind Indoxing annotation niut be entered when the voratl report i cliisslled)I."ORIGINATING ACTIVITY (Cororate author) I.o. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

    OACSFOR, DA, Washington, D.C. 201O 2onfidential -NOFORN2b. GROUP1 43. REPORT TITLE

    Operational Report - Lessons Learned, ;Headquarters, I Field Force Vietnam Artillery4. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES (Typ. of repor and Inclusive dotea) I Nov 67-31 Jan 1968. ELperiences of unit,eneged in counterinsurgency operations, ..

    5. AUTHORIS) F.tt nen, middle Initial, loet neame)

    CG, I Field Force Vietnam Artillery6.REPORT DATE 18 OALN.OFPGS b.NOOFRS19 February 1968 . 9TAL9NO. OF PAGE. NO . OF REPSIs. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. Va. ORIGINATOR'S -=PORT NUMN'ER(S)

    b. PROJECT NO. 681197 .N/AC. Ofb.OTHER REPORT NO(S (Any othernumbeta thatm ay be assignedIIhi s report)

    d.10. DITRIBUTION STATEMENT .

    1I. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12. SPONSORING MWI.ITARY ACTIVITY

    N/A . OACSFOR, DA, Washington, D.C. 20310"13. ABSTRACT

    O]ILI19

    FORM 1 7DDNov I,1-73.. UNCLASSIFIED

    n.,i44I~e4. m,.

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    THSRPR A E EIIE

    THI REPRTIHA E IMIED O

    ITS USE AND DISCLOSURE,DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT AAPPROVED FOR PUBLIC 'RELSASE;DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED,