Hydrogen vehicles for hydrogen infrastructure TODAY!

Birmingham March 2017

“Hydrogen Vehicles TODAY”

• Hydrogen dual fuel technology update

• Practical examples of use in fleets

• Utilising Infrastructure

• Lead times and conversion process

H2ICED® - A practical approach for reducing C02 emissions in commercial vehicles

• Ultra- low emissions (C02 & Air Quality)• Displace diesel with H2 (very low carbon fuel)• Manage the bi-products of combustion in air

using emission control systems/approaches available on existing vehicles

• Efficient energy use: • H2 combustion in compression (diesel)

engines ( approx. 40% thermal efficiency)

• Dual Fuel allows for operating on diesel when hydrogen is not available

®

Witnessed Vehicle Certification Agency test results on EURO 5 TRANSIT

100% discount

Customers can achieve 66% lower CO2 emissions saves 2.9 tes for every 10,000 miles driven

Well to wheel saving up to 62% depending on the source of the H2

Merc Econic

DAF Road Sweeper

EURO 6 Vans

100,00’s of miles of CO2 saved

• Vehicles being used daily at all the H2 refuelling stations in the UK • Nearly 30 vans on the road in the UK

• 2 Ford Rangers (4*4)

• 2 Refuse Truck HGVs completed & two on order

• 1 Arctic Truck in Canada & one on the way in the UK (for Heathrow Airport)

• 2 Inland water way marine barges in Continental Europe

• Plus – 11 more UK; China; Spain

Approach Match to requirements (commercial operations) Issue for use (commercial operations)

Diesel Euro 6/VI Meets air quality requirements !!! Easy access to refuelling infrastructure

Range that matches all duties

Lowest capital cost; Known reliability &

maintenance regime; OEM supplied with good

range of choice Well understood leasing options/value proposition

Increased Opex cost from “Adblue”

Some operational inconvenience for refilling Adblue (particularly for large vans)

Some operational issues with DPF

Doesn’t improve on carbon emissions

Methane Gas

(100%)

(LNG/CNG)

Reduces opex (lower fuel price)

Meets air quality requirements

Needs Biogas (or carbon credits) to meet carbon reduction targets & the infrastructure

has to ensure methane is not emitted from the station

Limited OEM options to date & Limited public access infrastructure

Higher capital cost

Methane Gas

(Dual Fuel)

Reduces opex (lower fuel prices)

Range that matches all duties

Established conversion suppliers for EURO V

Needs Biogas (or carbon credits) to meet carbon reduction targets & even then

methane slip risks increase in GHG

Increase in maintenance costs & Additional capital cost

No available system that meets Euro VI emissions & No OEM options

Limited public access infrastructure

LPG (Dual Fuel) Meets air quality requirements

Range that matches all duties

Easy access to refuelling infrastructure

Established converters

Moderate saving on opex (fuel cost)

Additional capital cost

No OEM option & some limitation on base vehicle options for conversion

Limited CO2e emissions benefits

Battery Hybrid Meets air quality requirements

Possible opex savings (electricity cost versus fuel savings)

Range of duties possible

Additional capital cost

Not widely available (prototype or limited choice)

Significant impact on payload due to battery weight

Limited impact on CO2 emissions (depending on battery size)

Battery 100% Significantly exceeds air quality requirements

Opex savings from electricity price and lower maintenance

costs

Not available yet

Very Limited range/duty cycles & Localised charging infrastructure needed

Charging time & Battery life concerns in heavy duty use

Significant impact on payload due to battery weight

100% Hydrogen

(Fuel Cell & ICE)

Would be zero emission for air quality

Will significantly reduce CO2e reduction

Not available yet

Very expensive capital cost for FCEV (electric drive train & fuel cell)

High cost of H2 relative to diesel

Will be limited range (depending on the infrastructure)

Hydrogen

combustion Dual

fuel

Significant reduction of CO2e

Will exceed Euro VI emissions standard

Optimum performance on Urban duty cycles & range

flexibility

Retrofit technology available & Minimal impact on payload

No opex saving due to cost of H2 compared with diesel

Additional capital cost

Limited H2 public fuelling infrastructure (although growing)

No OEM solution

Utilisation of Infrastructure for Hydrogen projects & growth in deployment

• Heavy use vehicles will use more H2 • More miles

• More mpg equivalent

• Reliable known technology with little maintenance requirement in itself

• Back to base fleets can be planned and infrastructure requirements optimised

• Diesel is available when hydrogen is not; allows for testing, maintenance and overall down time

ULEMCo’s customer service for any large van or HGV

• Determine options for amount of hydrogen on board storage• Assess duty cycle; identify key emission reduction requirement;

determine weight and space limitations• Estimate on board hydrogen storage capacity • Determine budget versus results requirement

• Design specific, safely engineered solution • One off design for vehicle type• One off engine calibration exercise

• Install “optimised for use” hydrogen system• Full ECU controlled system or supervisory

approach

• Supply VSO registered vehicle for use

• Match OEM Warrantee & provide ongoing technical support

A business model that is global and has the flexibility to create jobs in local markets

• Short Term: • One off proto-type conversions; corporate

social responsibility demonstrations; H2 consultancy; maintenance and support

• Focussed on localised H2 infrastructure & back to base fleets

• Public fund support

• Medium Term • Supply of Kit to trained converters, globally • Other transport applications• Supply of H2 infrastructure • On going development & demonstration

• Long Term • whole system ultra low emission mileage

“leasing”

In summary

• Hydrogen dual fuel: • Deliver SIGNFICANT carbon dioxide emission

reduction

• Meets or exceed Air Quality emissions

• Proven technology

• Diesel is always available if H2 is not

• Ultra Low Emissions are feasible within the next 5 years for all types of vehicle