Hurricane Ike

Hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean:

Hurricane Ike

Table of contents:

IntroductionHurricane Ike:

Arise of Ike Wind history Rainfall Landfall Damage

AppendixSources

Hurricane Ike making landfall to the United States

Introduction:

In this summary I am going to tell you everything about hurricane Ike. Hurricane Ike was the biggest hurricane and the hurricane with the highest IKE count. (Integrated Kinetic Energy) this means in theory that hurricane Ike was the most devastating hurricane ever seen in the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover if the wind speed of hurricane Ike was only 5 kilometres higher, the damage and the devastating strength of Ike were higher than that from Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

Hurricane Ike on his way to Cuba

Arise of Ike:

Ike arises from a tropical wave that moved off the west coast of Africa. Also a low pressure area developed in this area. These two systems came together and become a tropical depression on 1 September. The depression quickly developed and became on the same day a tropical storm, and moved slowly to west-northwest with a strong subtropical ridge. But the new tropical storm, how get the name Ike, was surrounded by dry air and this causes that Ike couldn’t develop. After two days a strong convection was measured by satellite imagery and show that Ike has formed an eye. Not very long of that indication, Ike became a hurricane. On the behalf of a low pressure area how moved also on the North-western Atlantic, Ike could now moved to the west. This causes that Ike quickly intensified into a category 4 hurricane. This means that Ike had now has a wind speed of 125 knots, but 24 hours ago this was 55 knots. A change of 70 knots increase in only 24 hours!But this didn’t last long, because the weather begin to change in the western Atlantic and causes a wind shear that pole the clouds of hurricane Ike asymmetric. Because of this, Ike weakened and became a category 2 hurricane. By this Ike change his track and moved to the Gulf of Mexico. This doesn’t happen very often, the latest storm how did the same thing as hurricane Ike did, was hurricane Andrew in 1992. Ike went farter south and after a couple of days he would made couple of landfalls to the United States and Cuba. On 6 September Ike came in contact with a convection on the northern and rapidly intensified into a category 4 hurricane again. After the eyewall passed over Grand Turk, Salt Cay and South Caicos he weakened into a category 3 hurricane just before he made his first landfall to one of the islands of the Bahamas on 7 September. After Ike made his first landfall he weakened ever further, but this didn’t last very long and he quickly became again a category 4 hurricane and was now moving to Cuba where he made a landfall on 8 September, twice. On 9 September, after his landfall to Cuba, Ike moved to the Gulf of Mexico. The landfall in Cuba causes to Ike that his inner core (the centre, also know as the eye) was very disrupted and a expanded wind field was know moving before Ike on the Gulf of Mexico. But Ike rapidly intensified. A subtropical ridge strengthen on the Gulf of Mexico, causing to Ike that he turned to the west, but still he was developing and become stronger. He was now heading for Texas in the United States and made a landfall in Galveston Island, Texas on 13 September. He quickly weakened in a Tropical Storm, just as they predict in the United States and after two days, Ike disappeared in the Atmosphere into another low pressure area.

Wind History:

Date/Time Latitude(North)

Longitude(West)

Pressure(mbar)

Wind Speed(knots)

Category

01 / 0600 17.2 37.0 1006 30 Tropical Depression

01 / 1200 17.3 38.4 1005 35 Tropical Storm

01 / 1800 17.5 39.9 1003 45 Tropical Storm

02 / 0000 17.8 41.3 1002 45 Tropical Storm

02 / 0600 18.2 42.8 1000 45 Tropical Storm

02 / 1200 18.7 44.3 999 50 Tropical Storm

02 / 1800 19.3 45.8 996 55 Tropical Storm

03 / 0000 19.8 47.3 994 55 Tropical Storm

03 / 0600 20.2 48.8 992 55 Tropical Storm

03 / 1200 20.6 50.3 989 60 Tropical Storm

03 / 1800 21.1 51.9 979 75 Hurricane category 1













Longitude(West)

Pressure(mbar)

Wind Speed(knots)

Category

























Longitude(West)

Pressure(mbar)

Wind Speed(knots)

Category






13 / 1800 31.7 95.3 974 50 Tropical Storm

14 / 0000 33.5 94.9 980 35 Tropical Storm

14 / 0600 35.5 93.7 985 35 Tropical Storm

14 / 1200 37.6 91.0 987 40 Extra tropical14 / 1800 40.3 87.2 988 50 Extra tropical15 / 0000 43.3 81.5 988 50 Extra tropical15 / 0600 45.8 75.3 986 40 Extra tropical15 / 1200 47.2 71.1 986 35 Extra tropical

The colours represent the intensity of Ike, during his period of living. The picture here below belongs to the data that is giving in the table here above.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Ike_2008_track.png%00%E5%A1%B9%EF%92%81%E1%B4%BB%E4%A1%BF%E2%B2%AF%E5%B6%82%E8%97%84%E6%8C%A7%00%00%EA%AE%A5

This picture shows the Landfall of Ike on Cuba and his wind speed in knots. In this picture you can see that around the eye of Ike (how is on this moment on Cuba, so you can’t see him) is purple. These are wind speed of 50 knots or more, so, this means that the wind gust can be even harder. Also you can see in this picture that hurricane Ike is really big, if you look to the east on the picture, you see a whole system dragging around Ike, how know is moving to the north, to the Gulf of Mexico.

Also there is information giving by ships, how can tell us also something more about hurricane Ike. I will show this in another table. This is information is giving of course, by the ships, but the National Hurricane Center gave the information public, so I can use this in my summary about hurricane Ike.

Date/Time Ship call sign Latitude(North)

Longitude(West)

Wind speed Pressure(mill bar)

09 / 1200 C6FZ7 19.6 81.0 43 1008.209 / 1700 C6FZ7 19.5 79.2 43 1015.010 / 0900 WPKD 24.2 82.9 44 1000.010 / 1200 WPKD 24.6 83.7 55 995.510 / 1500 WPKD 25.3 83.9 59 1011.510 / 1800 WPKD 26.2 84.1 52 1002.510 / 2200 V7HC9 28.0 86.5 50 1009.311 / 0000 WPKD 27.3 84.3 44 1004.211 / 0000 V7HC9 28.1 86.4 52 1009.211 / 0200 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 45 1009.911 / 0600 C6FM5 21.8 86.8 45 1014.011 / 0600 V7HD3 28.7 87.0 50 1014.011 / 0900 WPKD 27.4 84.4 41 1007.011 / 0900 C6CL6 28.1 88.6 45 1008.011 / 1000 WDD382 27.8 88.9 44 1002.111 / 1000 V7HD3 28.7 87.0 60 1013.511 / 1100 WDD382 27.9 88.8 47 1002.511 / 1100 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 62 1008.511 / 1200 WDD382 27.9 88.6 47 1002.211 / 1200 C6CL6 28.1 88.4 46 1002.811 / 1200 3FMH7 28.6 88.8 48 1007.411 / 1200 V7HD3 28.7 87.0 44 1014.011 / 1300 WDD382 27.9 88.6 44 1002.011 / 1400 WDD382 27.9 88.4 52 1002.011 / 1500 WDD382 27.9 88.3 52 1001.511 / 1500 C6CL6 28.1 88.4 55 1003.011 / 1600 WDD382 27.9 88.2 52 1001.511 / 1700 WDD382 27.9 88.2 44 1002.011 / 1800 WDD382 27.9 88.0 49 1002.011 / 1800 V7HC8 28.1 89.0 42 1007.011 / 1800 C6CL6 28.2 88.3 55 1003.011 / 1800 3FMH7 28.7 88.3 54 1007.4

Date/Time Ship call sign Latitude(North)

Longitude(West)

Wind speed Pressure(mill bar)

11 / 1900 WDD382 27.9 87.9 52 1012.511 / 2000 WDD382 27.9 87.8 44 1001.011 / 2000 V7HC8 28.1 88.9 45 1003.011 / 2000 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 50 1010.811 / 2100 WDD382 27.9 87.7 42 1001.511 / 2100 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 50 1010.211 / 2100 C6CL6 28.2 88.3 55 1003.011 / 2100 WPKD 28.3 85.8 41 1008.011 / 2200 WDD382 27.9 87.6 44 1001.511 / 2200 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 45 1010.211 / 2300 WDD382 27.8 87.4 44 1002.211 / 2300 V7HC8 28.2 88.9 45 1008.012 / 0000 KRGC 23.0 89.5 46 1002.012 / 0000 WDD382 27.8 87.3 44 1002.512 / 0000 C6CL6 28.2 88.2 48 1002.012 / 0000 3FMH7 28.7 88.0 43 1005.712 / 0100 WDD382 27.7 87.2 44 1003.512 / 0200 WDD382 27.6 87.0 41 1006.512 / 0200 V7HC9 28.1 86.3 47 1012.612 / 0300 C6CL6 28.2 88.0 55 1005.012 / 0600 C6CL6 28.1 87.9 58 1005.012 / 0600 3FMH7 28.5 87.7 46 1007.912 / 0600 WPKD 28.8 86.6 43 1009.812 / 0900 WGZK 23.6 92.1 41 1000.012 / 0900 C6CL6 28.0 87.8 55 1006.012 / 1200 WGZK 23.9 91.7 45 1000.712 / 1200 C6CL6 27.8 87.7 51 1007.812 / 1500 WGZK 24.3 91.2 44 1005.512 / 1500 C6CL6 27.6 87.6 48 1009.012 / 1800 C6CL6 27.3 87.5 50 1010.012 / 2100 C6CL6 27.0 87.5 45 1010.013 / 0000 C6CL6 26.7 87.5 42 1010.0

This table gives us a little more idea of how Ike was on sea. The green area in the table means that the data how is giving is representing the highest wind speed measured by all the ships. Also the yellow area in the table represents the lowest pressure measured by the ships in the table.

Rainfall:

In this chapter we are going to look to the rainfall that hurricane Ike caused during his period of activity. We begin with Haiti. We go further in order of appearance.

Note:The yellow background represents the highest rainfall measuring in a country or state.

Haiti:Location: Total rain (inches)Camp Perrin 2.23

Dominican RepublicLocation: Total rain (inches)Santo Domingo 9.40Barahona 8.86Aerop. Joaquin Balaguer 8.75Polo 8.15San Cristobal 7.63Yamasa 7.33Rancho Arriba 6.74Neyba 4.49Monte Plata 4.19Juma Bonao 4.11Aeropuerto Catey 4.09Bonao 4.01Punta Cana 2.17Santiago 1.80

Flooding area of Haiti, caused by Ike

The Bahamas:Great InaguaLocation: Total rain (inches)#4 Pump 6.48P. Point 6.90Y-2 5.48Y. House 6.90

Cuba:Holguín:Location: Total rain (inches)La Jíquima 6.51Guaro 5.00Holguín 5.73Velasco 4.84

Las Tunas:Location: Total rain (inches)Las Tunas 4.10Puerto Padre 6.84

Camagüey:Location: Total rain (inches)Florida 11.88Santa Cruz del Sur 5.83Esmeralda 3.94Nuevitas 5.05Palo Seco 5.98Camagüey 8.39

Santiago de Cuba:Location: Total rain (inches)Contramaestre 2.65Santiago de Cuba 5.06

Granma:Location: Total rain (inches)Cabo Cruz 1.30Manzanillo 2.96Jucarito 3.11Veguitas 3.05

Guantánamo:Location: Total rain (inches)Guantánamo 3.93Punta de Maisí 5.89Jamal, Baracoa 6.95Palenque de Yateras 10.63Valle de Caujerí 6.72

Ciego de Ávila:Location: Total rain (inches)Falla 6.32Ciego de Ávila 9.28Júcaro 13.77Cayo Coco 1.66

Sancti Spíritus:Location: Total rain (inches)Sancti Spíritus 9.76Topes de Collantes 12.11Trinidad 4.41El Jíbaro 8.18

Villa Clara:Location: Total rain (inches)Sagua la Grande 3.73Santa Clara 3.46Caibarién 2.91Santo Domingo 4.16

Cienfuegos:Location: Total rain (inches)Aguada de Pasajeros 7.72Cienfuegos 3.08

Matanzas:Location: Total rain (inches)Playa Girón 3.72Varadero 2.54Unión de Reyes 10.24Colón 8.28Jovellanos 5.59Indio Hatuey 6.72Jagüey Grande 9.11

La Habana:Location: Total rain (inches)Güines 4.42Bainoa 5.76Bauta 8.46Melena del Sur 6.80Güira de Melena 6.13Batabanó 4.67

Ciudad de La Habana:Location: Total rain (inches)Casa Blanca 3.35Santiago de las Vegas 7.70

Pinar del Río:Location: Total rain (inches)Cabo de San Antonio 2.30Santa Lucía 3.14Isabel Rubio 9.01San Juan y Martínez 7.86Pinar del Río 8.95La Palma 11.09Paso Real de San Diego 11.91Bahía Honda 4.64

This is the rainfall measured in every province of the capital of Cuba. If we look to the highest measuring of Cuba, we see that Júcaro has the highest rainfall caused by hurricane Ike.

Floods caused of Ike heavy rainfall

Now we are going to look at the rainfall data of the United States during Ike’s landfall.

United States:Florida:Location: Total rain (inches)Fort Myers 5.01Key West 2.31Marathon 2.47Long Key 2.37Chokoloskee 5.98

Louisiana:Location: Total rain (inches)Alexandria 2.17Alexandria - Esler 1.85Barksdale AFB 1.63Lafayette 2.21Lake Charles 1.93Monroe 1.39New Orleans Intl Airport 1.55New Orleans Lakefront 1.28Shreveport 1.09Alexandria 4.18Jeanerette 1.78Lake Charles 2.59Port Barre 2.30Rosepine 1.72Bellwood 5.50

Radar picture of Ike hitting land

Texas:The rainfall data in Texas is a lot, so I don’t put this in my summary, because the numbers doesn’t make sense. So I search for a picture that can you the difference between the rainfall in difference places in Texas. The pictures is showing a county of Texas, Jefferson County and this county has it own drainage system and you can ask data of the rainfall and water level of every time.

The data is from Trinity Bay and that is very close to the please where Ike make his landfall. The numbers how are giving in the picture and the rainfall in Inches. 1 Inches is 2.54 cm. In some places there fell an amount of almost 18 cm of rain in one day!

This picture shows the rainfall during the landfall of Hurricane Ike in the United States. The maximum that is measured was in Houston (Texas) with an amount of 17.60 inches. That is an amount of 44.7 cm rainfall in 7 days.

The next picture here below shows the rainfall of Ike during his landfall in the United States. You can see here that a whole system is affecting the state of Texas. The colours in the picture represent the amount of rainfall that Ike causes. How darker the colour is how higher the rainfall is in that area. As you can see there is a black spot in cloud structure of Ike, this is a area with a lot of thunderstorms and even tornadoes how make it even dangerous than it was. I really like this picture because you can see perfectly the structure of a real hurricane. A whole cloud structure is circling around hurricane Ike his eye. How closer you to the eye how compacter the cloud structure is. This is the eye wall. The eye wall made Ike a very dangerous hurricane, because the eye wall can cause a lot of damage, and because Ike was almost a major hurricane during his landfall everybody was very scared that Ike would damage the whole coast of Texas.

Landfall:

Hurricane Ike made a couple of landfalls. In order of appearance:


Longitude(West)

Pressure(mbar)

Wind Speed(knots)

Category Place:


landfall on Great Inagua Island, Bahamas


landfall near Cabo Lucrecia, Cuba


landfall near Punta La Capitana, Cuba


landfall at north end of Galveston Island, Texas

As you can see, Ike made 4 landfalls. 2 In Cuba and the others in the Bahamas and in the United States. With his landfall he causes a lot of rainfall, with floods. Also Ike caused high storm surge, how damage and flood a wide area. If Ike was only 2 kilometres stronger, he would damage even more to the United States than Katrina did in 2005. The fear was because of that very high in the United States and it became only worsen as the say what Ike did with Cuba, and a week ago with hurricane Gustav.

Hurricane Ike during his landfall in Cuba

Damage:

The damage that Ike caused was very big. The costs are estimated to 26.7 billion dollar. This means that Hurricane Ike was the fourth costliest tropical cyclone in history to the United States and the Atlantic Ocean. The total deaths were estimated to be 195, but still there a missing people, how aren’t found. So the number can even be higher. I will start with the deaths per country.

Country: Deaths:Haiti: 74Dominican Republic 1Cuba 7United States 112

The damage was everywhere enormous, because of the floods and the storm surge and of course the heavy rainfall. On the next couple of page I will show you some picture how show the damage to the countries that Hurricane Ike caused during his active period.

Also Ike caused a lot of tornadoes in the United States. The picture here below will show you the total count of tornadoes how are reported during Ike’s landfall in the United States. As you can see, there were 27 tornadoes reported during Ike’s landfall. The strongest tornado was an EF2 tornado. But the other tornadoes weren’t strong.

But the wind gust that Ike caused was also very heavy and reaches a high wind speed. There are measuring above the 100 knots for a wind gust.

The total count that were made by Ike are here below showed in a table:Country: Cost in billion dollarUnited States 22.4 billionCuba 4 billionGrand Turks Islands 0.5 billion

Also Ike attacked other countries, but the damage wasn’t as high as the three in the table.

Haiti:

Cuba:

United States:

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Houston_Morgan_Chase_Building_Ike.jpg%00%E5%A1%B9%EF%92%81%E1%B4%BB%E4%A1%BF%E2%B2%AF%E5%B6%82%E8%97%84%E6%8C%A7%00%00%EA%AE%A5

Appendix:

This summary is a small summary about hurricane Ike, but I only used the skilful information. There is so much information about hurricane Ike that I can write a whole book about it. But I think that this is a summary where you can find the most important information about hurricane Ike, and I hope you can use it to learn from it.

Also if you look to my Youtube page, you can see a lot of short movies about hurricane Ike. They are also very useful.

Sources:

http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2008250-0906/Ike.A2008250.1740.1km.jpghttp://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2008250-0906/Ike.A2008250.1740.1km.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ike_2008_track.pnghttp://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272828main_ISS017E015751_hi.jpghttp://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272507main_ikequikscat_20080909_HI.jpghttp://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/ike2008filledrainwhite.gifhttp://cache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ike_09_15/ike4.jpghttp://lh4.ggpht.com/_NDpHHOR2K4s/SMfWnJ3gK6I/AAAAAAAACFo/1hEoGtavOys/baracoa+3.jpghttp://208.191.93.83/maps.html?TE=2008-09-13-13-00-00http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ms-word/TCR-AL092008_Ike.dochttp://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/080913_rpts.htmlhttp://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2007/10_04/haitiES_468x227.jpghttp://www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/images/39357.jpghttp://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2004/09/21/international/haiti.184.2.650.jpghttp://www.somosprimos.com/sp2005/spnov05/hurricane1.jpghttp://www.hln.be/static/FOTO/pe/16/9/13/large_489133.jpghttp://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0btl7cgg242Ch/610x.jpghttp://www.fema.gov/photodata/original/38437.jpghttp://www.photolibrary.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=39047http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/35000/35355/Ike_aer_usgs_lrg.jpghttp://www.flickr.com/photos/atbaker/2852985689/http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272689main_ISS017E015718_hi.jpg

http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272689main_ISS017E015718_hi.jpg

http://www.flickr.com/photos/atbaker/2852985689/

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/35000/35355/Ike_aer_usgs_lrg.jpg

http://www.photolibrary.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=39047

http://www.fema.gov/photodata/original/38437.jpg

http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0btl7cgg242Ch/610x.jpg

http://www.hln.be/static/FOTO/pe/16/9/13/large_489133.jpg

http://www.somosprimos.com/sp2005/spnov05/hurricane1.jpg

http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2004/09/21/international/haiti.184.2.650.jpg

http://www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/images/39357.jpg

http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2007/10_04/haitiES_468x227.jpg

http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/080913_rpts.html

http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ms-word/TCR-AL092008_Ike.doc

http://208.191.93.83/maps.html?TE=2008-09-13-13-00-00

http://lh4.ggpht.com/_NDpHHOR2K4s/SMfWnJ3gK6I/AAAAAAAACFo/1hEoGtavOys/baracoa+3.jpg

http://lh4.ggpht.com/_NDpHHOR2K4s/SMfWnJ3gK6I/AAAAAAAACFo/1hEoGtavOys/baracoa+3.jpg

http://cache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ike_09_15/ike4.jpg

http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/ike2008filledrainwhite.gif

http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272507main_ikequikscat_20080909_HI.jpg

http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/272828main_ISS017E015751_hi.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ike_2008_track.png

http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2008250-0906/Ike.A2008250.1740.1km.jpg

http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2008250-0906/Ike.A2008250.1740.1km.jpg

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Hurricane Ike