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W K 1 0 , D A Y 1 : M Y T H S C O N C E R N I N G A C O N S U M E R C U L T U R E
HUMANITIES 006:
POPULAR CULTURE
ORIGINS OF THE
TRUE LOVE MYTH
Where do you think they came from?
Why are these such a prominent part of cultures around the world?
Myths:• True love is passionate and emotionally charged.• True love is mind altering, causing people to do strange
and extreme things.• True love is instantaneous, striking in an instant.• True love sweeps people off their feet.• Everyone has a one true love.• True love is everlasting.
“TRUE LOVE” MYTH
Archetypal Myth
Archetypes:
• Universal pattern; universal symbol
Archetypal Myth:
• Myths that represent archetypal experiences; experiences common to people regardless of culture.• Example: “The Hero’s Journey”
• Symbolic; metaphorical in nature.
TRUE LOVE
Symbolic Meaning #1
Integration of two sides of ourselves.
Feminine & Masculine
TRUE LOVE
Symbolic Meaning #2
Do you recognize any of these poems?
TRUE LOVE
Symbolic Meaning #2
Let the lover be disgraceful, crazy,
absentminded. Someone sober
will worry about things going badly.
Let the lover be.
TRUE LOVE
Mewlana Jalaluddin Rumi
Sufi Mystic/Poet
(1207-1273)
His experience of the Sacred; the Divine.
True love myth = union with the Divine.
TRUE LOVE
"Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek
and find all the barriers within yourself that you have
built against it.“ - Rumi
Psychological: Sensory Adaptation
When sensory receptors respond less to unchanging stimuli
• It’s good to feel good. But often don’t last or lose their impact.
TRUE LOVE
TRUE LOVE
Re-Enchanting The World
TRUE LOVE
Re-Enchanting The World
TRUE LOVE
Re-Enchanting The World
TRUE LOVE
Re-Enchanting The World
TRUE LOVE
Maybe the myth is NOT about a search for something outside of oneself.
Maybe the myth is about searching for (or the development of) the capacity to experience our ordinary world in a deeper, more extraordinary way.
But why do we always think solutions are outside of ourselves?
LIST #1 – GATHERING DUST
Reflect on material items you have in your possession at home.
• Make a list of any that you really were excited to purchase, but now do not use much.
• Or a list of items that did not give you as much joy as you thought it would.
In Groups:
• Discuss these items and list them on one sheet of paper.
• Now think, are there any artifacts of pop culture that may have perpetuated the myth that your life would improve with it’s purchase.
LIST #2 - OPEN TO ADS
Groups:
• Last week I asked that you keep your eyes open to advertisements.
• Let’s make a list of the advertisements you spotted and what they are telling us we need.
What are they really selling us?
• Dreams, Meaning, Purpose
• Happiness
W K 1 0 , D A Y 2 : M Y T H S C O N C E R N I N G A C O N S U M E R C U L T U R E
HUMANITIES 006:
POPULAR CULTURE
ISSUES AND CONSUMERISM
Two Lists
1. Is our first list indicative of any issues faced by a consumer based society?
2. Are they any potential issues we need to watch out for because of how advertisements inherently work?
#1 Gathering Dust #2 Open to Ads
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
(English Professor, Pop Culture Scholar)
Twitchell seemingly criticizes both the recycling movement and the voluntary simplicity movement.
What are his main points about both?
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
From Page 216-17
“People who would never dream of telling you not to
have children out of wedlock, or who would never
criticize you for filing for bankruptcy, will express eye-
rolling dismay if you use a plastic fork or get your
smooth cardboard mixed in with your egg cartons.”
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
From Page 218:
• “Our concern about garbage is really, as the psychologists might say, a displaced concern about consumption.”
• “We want these objects (manufactured objects) and, if the price we have to pay is the ritual of sacramental separation, then so be it.”
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
Questions:
• What point do you think he is trying to get across about our culture’s relationship with recycling?• The obsession with recycling is simply our overreaction to
guilty feelings about our consumption habits.
• Is his point valid?
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
Regarding the Voluntary Simplicity (VS) Movement, Twitchellsays…
• They have a passionate belief that we can live well with less if we buy and use the right stuff.
• VS says we’ve developed a Social Disease.
• VS claims that symptoms include…• Swollen expectations• Shopping fever • Chronic stress• Broken-down families.
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
• What is Twitchell’s criticism of this movement?• That the solution is often the purchasing of self-help
literature, tickets to workshops and seminars.
• Is this a fair criticism of the movement?
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
Twitchell’s response to both movements:
• “We are continually being told our bloated consumption comes from greed, and that greed results from our making wants into needs, and then making false needs into real ones.” – pg 233
• “I think there are no false needs…Furthermore, I will contend that we are not too materialistic; if anything, we are not materialistic enough.” – pg 233
WHAT ISSUES?
Trash and the Voluntary Simplicity Movement- By James Twitchell
Twitchell’s response to both movements:We don’t need social movements to address these issues
• Recycling:• Just pick up after yourself.
• Voluntary Simplicity Movement:• Don’t buy what you can’t afford.
Do you have any issues with Twitchell’s response?
THIS WEEK
Our goal this week will be to objectively explore myths
perpetuated by pop culture artifacts pertaining to…
• Material Goods
• Food and Drink
• Services & Experiences
My goal is that we become more conscious of these
myths and where they come from.
You can be the judge of whether you want to use them or
not.
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
Why?
Need
Drive
Response
Goal
(need reduction)
Model of Motivational Activities
Internal deficiency
Energized motivational state: hunger, thirstAction(s)
TargetOf Motivations
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
• Need for sex
• Need for affiliation
• Need for nurture
• Need for guidance
• Need for aggress
• Need to achieve
• Need to dominate
• Need for prominence
• Need for autonomy
• Need to escape
• Need to feel safe
• Need for aesthetic sensation
• Need to satisfy curiosity
• Other physiological needs
• Need for attention
Advertising: 15 Basic AppealsBy Jib Fowles (Based on psychologist Henry A. Murray)
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Proactive http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP3r3SPXgKs
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Toyota http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EI0LrAumfE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Swiffer http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvxEtBE314A
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Ipad http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JP8wKtFA4Io
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Sketchers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xkuc0XHC29Y
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Charmin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFh1TItwRug&NR=1&feature=endscreen
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
Ads That Make Sense?Detergent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhnPblfsIoY
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?Geiko http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uP-mDvLqMJM&feature=player_embedded
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?Kia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0B5vuAYk94
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?Chanel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGs4CjeJiJQ&feature=player_embedded
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?Charmin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6Z7FZ_rtw8
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?H & M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=il21FZuIUY&feature=player_embedded# !
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
MATERIAL GOODS
But how does this make sense?Child of the 90s
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=qkM6RJf15cg
Need
Drive
Response
Goal
(need reduction)
Model of Motivational Activities
Internal deficiency
Energized motivational state: hunger, thirstAction(s)
TargetOf Motivations
HOW DO THESE WORK?
Classical Conditioning
Associating positive feelings
with a conditioned stimuli.
“Pavlov’s Dog” Experiment
HOW DO THESE WORK?
Classical Conditioning: BehaviorismJohn B. Watson
After psychology made a living in ___________.
W K 1 0 , D A Y 2 : M Y T H S C O N C E R N I N G A C O N S U M E R C U L T U R E
HUMANITIES 006:
POPULAR CULTURE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
Why?
Explanation # 1:
Selling us a way to meet our needs, even if the needs are really just wants
and even if we didn’t know we wanted the thing before they told us we did.
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
Secondary Needs/Motives
Need
Drive
Response
Goal
(need reduction)
The Need Turns into a Drive
Internal deficiency
Energized motivational state: hunger, thirstAction(s)
TargetOf Motivations
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
Why?
Explanation # 2:
Through classical conditioning, advertisements train us to UNCONSCIOUSLY
associate products with positive feelings.
PAVLOV’S DOG
PAVLOV’S DOG
PAVLOV’S DOG
PAVLOV’S DOG
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
BIASING YOUR UNCONSCIOUS
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
It’s not The Product
How are the following commercials stimulating positive feelings?
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Priushttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gw20ssNMQlU&feature=player_embedded
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Ship my Pantshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=I03UmJbK0lA
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Axehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9tWZB7OUSU
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Beer
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
M&M’s
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Evian Water
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Yogurt
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
Hamburger
IT’S NOT THE PRODUCT
McDonald’s
HARMLESS ARTIFACTS OF
POP CULTURE?
IS THIS A PROBLEM?
MCDONALD’S CONDITIONING
Researchers have found that young children and adults will begin to drool when they see the golden arches of McDonalds.
W K 1 0 , D A Y 2 : M Y T H S C O N C E R N I N G A C O N S U M E R C U L T U R E
HUMANITIES 006:
POPULAR CULTURE
IS THIS A PROBLEM?
Twitchell: There’s nothing wrong here!
“Just pick up after yourself and don’t buy what you can’t afford!”
UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVATIONS:
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
Pavlov’s Dog
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE:
BIASING YOUR UNCONSCIOUS
UNCONSCIOUS PROGRAMMING
OF CHILDREN
MCDONALD’S CONDITIONING
Taste Test w/ 3 to 5 Year Olds :
Food in McDonald’s Packaging
vs.
Same food in Packaging w/out McDonald’s Logo
Preferred most often?
More TVs in the home, the more likely they were to prefer
the McDonald’s packaged food.
2007 Stanford University School of Medicine Study
MCDONALD’S CONDITIONING
Researchers have found that young children and adults will begin to drool when they see the golden arches of McDonalds.
FOOD AND AMERICAN POP CULTURE
• Americans now spend more money on fast food than on higher education, personal computers, computer software, and new cars.
• They spend more on fast food than movies, books, magazines, newspapers, videos and recorded music combined.
FOOD AND AMERICAN POP CULTURE
• A generation ago – 75% of $ was used to buy food for meals at home. • (25% used to buy from restaurants)
• Today about 50% of the $ is used to buy food at restaurants – mainly fast food restaurants!
MCDONALD’S GLOBALIZING
AMERICAN POP CULTURE
Fast Food NationBy Eric Schlosser
7000-person, Six country study (Australia, Germany, India, Japan, England and the U.S)
• 96% of American schoolchildren could identify Ronald McDonald.
• The only fictional character with more recognition was Santa Claus!
• The Golden Arches (88%) are now more widely recognized than the Christian cross (55%).
MCDONALD’S GLOBALIZING
AMERICAN POP CULTURE
• McDonald’s is in every continent except Antarctica.
• What values and customs are they spreading?
• Many countries have experienced dramatic increases in obesity as the number of McDonald’s franchises have increased.• South Africa, China, Japan, England
MCDONALD’S & CHILDREN
TOYS & CHILDREN
What are kids learning from advertisements at a young age?
COMPELLED TO PURCHASE
Why?
Explanation # 2:
Through classical conditioning, advertisements train us to UNCONSCIOUSLY
associate products with positive feelings.
WHAT ARE BUSINESSES
REALLY SELLING?
Happiness
WHAT ARE BUSINESSES
REALLY SELLING?
“Our personnel sincerely sell happiness.
Hell! That’s what we all want, isn’t it?”
-Walt Disney
In fact, is Disney offering the same “products” as religion?
NOT JUST DISNEY…
MYTH ANALYSIS
What myths are all of these artifacts perpetuating?
• That our lives are lacking – unsatisfied, unfulfilled, not enough pleasure, not enough comfort, incomplete, etc…
• That the solution (happiness) can be found by searching outside of oneself.
• That happiness can be purchased.
Therefore, what do we most often believe is the key to our long-term happiness?
Money
LAST SLIDE FOR THE WEEK
• The myth of Lost Treasure:• Often buried.• Hidden in a dark place.• Somehow “beneath the surface”• Often times closer than we think.
• This is another archetypal myth. • Symbolic Interpretation – Describes the drive we have
transformation of consciousness, growth by unconveringsomething beneath the surface. But the surface is symbolic for consciousness awareness and the treasure is a psychological one, not materialistic one.
• In other words, growth and transformation is part of life, but some take advantage of our inherent drive to make us believe it is the result of changing our circumstances rather than psyche.
SERVICES & EXPERIENCES
• Look here:
• http://www.smosh.com/smosh-pit/articles/10-most-annoying-commercials-2012
• http://www.adweek.com/news-gallery/advertising-branding/10-most-viral-ads-2013-so-far-149832?page=9&js=1&view_name=news_gallery&view_display_id=node_content_1&view_args=149832&view_path=node%2F149832&view_base_path=node%2F149832&view_dom_id=1&pager_element=0#dove-real-beauty-sketches-1
SERVICES & EXPERIENCES
• Trader
SERVICES & EXPERIENCES
SERVICES & EXPERIENCES
What are they all really selling?
Happiness
Evian Water
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=pfxB5ut-KTs
Pepsi
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Q5mHPo2yDG8
Budweiser
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2prAccclXs&feature=player_embedded# !
PROGRAMMED
• Not just with ads.
• With every exposure to pop culture artifacts we are being unconsciously programmed to want and desire.
THIS WEEK
• Material Goods
• Food and Drink
• Services & Experiences