Huma Assignment on Psychology

8/9/2019 Huma Assignment on Psychology

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NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP

IN COUNSELLING

AN ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED TO

Dr. ASGHAR ALI SHAH

SUBMITTED BY

SYEDA HUMA IFTIKHAR


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NATURE OF PROFESSIONAL HELPING RELATIONSHIP IN COUNSELLING

Defining the differences between he!ing beh"#i$r "nd " he!ing re"ti$nshi! ies in the n"t%re $f

the inter"cti$ns between the !"rties& At $ne ti'e $r "n$ther e#er($ne h"s !r$#ided s%!!$rt $r

"d#ice t$ friends& A friendshi! is c"s%" in n"t%re with the t$ne $f "#"i"biit( "nd s%!!$rt&

Friendshi!s "re n$t b$%nd b( " c$de $f ethics) b%t b( "n *%nderst"nding "nd desire t$ b%id the

re"ti$nshi!+ ,Y$%ng) -../0& Us%"( "d#ice is free( gi#en) with itte th$%ght $f the !$tenti"

$%tc$'e) "nd the c$n#ers"ti$n is reci!r$c"& 1h"t '"( c$'e e"si( f$r the friend with "

s('!"thetic e"r w$%d n$t end f"#$r"b( in " !r$fessi$n" he!ing re"ti$nshi!&

A !r$fessi$n" he!ing re"ti$nshi! in c$%nseing $r !s(ch$ther"!( h"s " f"ir( c$nsistent n"t%re&

Deciding h$w $ne w"nts t$ !r"ctice) either !ri#"te( $r !"rt $f "n $rg"ni2"ti$n) "nd deter'ining

the f$c%s $f the !r"ctice "s we "s the t(!e $f !$!%"ti$n $ne w"nts t$ ser#e is $n( the first ste!

$f b%iding this !r$fessi$n" he!ing re"ti$nshi!& It h"s " !%r!$se "nd c"n be entered int$ f$r

different re"s$ns&

The !ers$n see3ing this re"ti$nshi! c$%d be $$3ing f$r he! with " !r$be' $r s!ecific iss%e

needing f%rther %nderst"nding) res$%ti$n) "nd c$s%re) $r it c"n be " re"ti$nshi! th"t begins with

" referr" fr$' "n$ther !r$#ider& 4E#er( cient is n$t the s"'e& E"ch $ne brings with the' n$t

$n( their $wn iss%es b%t their $wn herit"ge "nd c%t%r" b"c3gr$%nd th"t inf%ence their beief

s(ste') #"%es "nd ide"s th"t '"( be f$reign t$ the c$%nse$r $r ther"!ist& A ch"enge th"t the

ther"!ist '"( f"ce is in %nderst"nding h$w the( fee "b$%t de"ing with " !ers$n with " beief

s(ste' different fr$' their $wn& *Effecti#e he!ers c$'e t$ %nderst"nd the !ers$n" c%t%res $f

cients+ ,E"gen) -..-0 "nd theref$re sh$%d s!end s$'e ti'e se"rching their $wn !ers$n"

beiefs "nd #"%es& A c$%nse$r5s !ers$n" beiefs "nd #"%e s(ste's c"n inf%ence the

inter"cti$ns th"t the( h"#e with their cients& E"gen ,-..-0 s!e"3s t$ this inter"cti$n "nd g$es $n


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t$ s"( th"t *%nderst"nding cients5 different "!!r$"ches t$ de#e$!ing "nd s%st"ining

re"ti$nshi!s is i'!$rt"nt+ 3n$wing where $ne st"nds in their !ers$n" beiefs "nd being

sensiti#e t$ th$se differences he!s the c$%nse$r enter the re"ti$nshi! with$%t 6%dg'ent t$ #"%e

"nd res!ect the indi#id%"&

Characteristics of a professiona reationship

M"r3 Y$%ng5s 7e"rning the "rt $f He!ing isted ch"r"cteristics $f " !r$fessi$n" re"ti$nshi!&

The( "re8

There is " i3ing $r "t e"st res!ect 9$f the cient:&

The !%r!$se $f the re"ti$nshi! is the cient5s iss%es&

There is " sense $f te"'w$r3 "s b$th he!er "nd cient w$r3 t$w"rd " '%t%"( "greed

%!$n g$"&

There is " c$ntr"ct s!ecif(ing wh"t wi be disc$sed $%tside $f the re"ti$nshi!& S"fet(

"nd tr%st "re est"bished&

There is "n "gree'ent "b$%t c$'!ens"ti$n f$r the he!er&

There is "n %nderst"nding th"t the re"ti$nshi! is c$nfined t$ the c$%nseing sessi$ns "nd

d$es n$t $#er"! int$ !ers$n" i#es&

As " c$ntr"ct%" re"ti$nshi!; the re"ti$nshi! c"n be ter'in"ted "t "n(ti'e&

Ee!ents of a "#ait$ professiona Reationship

In $rder f$r "


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Res!ect

E'!"th(

Underst"nding

=e"r b$%nd"ries

Tr%st

O!enness

Sef "w"reness

Gen%ineness

S%!!$rti#e

1"r'th

>r$fessi$n"is'

=$nfidenti"it(

G$$d r"!!$rt

G$$d c$''%nic"ti$n


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Acce!t"nce

The i!portance an% &enefits of a Therape#tic Reationship

The benefits $f " ther"!e%tic re"ti$nshi! inc%de8

? If the cient tr%sts the ther"!ist the( wi be f"r '$re i3e( t$ "cce!t "n( "d#ice $r g%id"nce&

? S%ch " re"ti$nshi! enc$%r"ges !e$!e t$ be '$re $!en "b$%t their inner th$%ghts "nd feeings&

The cient fees s"fe s$ the( "re h"!!( t$ di#%ge s%ch inf$r'"ti$n&

? E'!"th("$ws the ther"!ist t$ better %nderst"nd where the cient is c$'ing fr$'

? A !r$fessi$n" re"ti$nshi! is e'!$wering t$ the cient& The( wi tend t$ #iew the ther"!ist

'$re "s " res$%rce th"n "s s$'eb$d( wh$ tries t$ te the' wh"t t$ d$&

? The cient w"3s "w"( fr$' s%ch "n enc$%nter feeing i3e s$'eb$d( h"s re"( istened t$

the'&

FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP'

E!path$

E'!"th( is " n"t%r" res!$nse t$ being with "n$ther !ers$n& *E'$ti$n" e'!"th( is res!$nding

t$ "n$ther5s feeings+ ,Y$%ng) -..-0& E'!"th( f"ciit"tes c$nnecti$ns with " cient bec"%se it

sh$ws th"t the ther"!ist %nderst"nds the !ers$n5s #iew!$int& It is "n i'!$rt"nt !"rt $f the

ther"!e%tic !r$cess "nd is seen "s *" b"sic #"%e th"t inf$r's "nd dri#es " he!ing beh"#i$r+

,E"gen) -..-0& The %se $f e'!"th() "$ws the cient t$ %nderst"nd th"t the c$%nse$r is !resent

"nd re"( f$c%sed $n wh"t is being s"id whie #"id"ti$n "nd n$r'"i2ing c$''%nic"tes t$ the
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/empathyhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/empathy


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cient th"t the( "re in their $wn w"( %ni


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Pri(ac$ an% confi%entiait$ )ith fa!i$ or *ro#p

*>ri#"c( is the cient5s right t$ 3ee! the c$%nseing re"ti$nshi! " secret+ ,=$tt$ne C T"r#(d"s)

-..0& Theref$re " "s!ects $f the re"ti$nshi! f" %nder this definiti$n& It is the c$%nse$r5s

res!$nsibiit( t$ ens%re th"t " inf$r'"ti$n sh"red is hed strict c$nfidence) "nd "re g%"r"nteed

t$ be hed in c$nfidence %ness the cient "!!r$#es the ree"se $f the inf$r'"ti$n sh"red within

the sessi$n& *=$nfidenti"it( is the $big"ti$n $f the !r$fessi$n" t$ res!ect the !ri#"c( $f cients

"nd the inf$r'"ti$n the( !r$#ide ,=$tt$ne C T"r#(d"s) -..0&

At the st"rt $f the !r$fessi$n" re"ti$nshi! it sh$%d be '"de ce"r t$ cient the i'its $f

c$nfidenti"it(& These s!ecific sit%"ti$ns inc%de8

1hen !resenting "s " d"nger t$ sef $r $thers

D%t( t$ w"rn "n$ther indi#id%" $f "n identifi"be thre"t

D%t( t$ !r$tect s"id indi#id%" b( s$'e inter#enti$n $r he!

An( disc$sed inf$r'"ti$n "b$%t chid $r eder "b%se $r negect

1hen s(ch$$gists h"#e " !ri'"r( $big"ti$n "nd t"3e re"s$n"be !rec"%ti$ns t$ !r$tect c$nfidenti"

inf$r'"ti$n $bt"ined thr$%gh $r st$red in "n( 'edi%'+ ,A>A) -..-0) inc%ding fies) internet $r


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e'"i c$rres!$ndence "nd #$ice '"i& Ath$%gh ther"!ists "re h%'"n "nd s%b6ect t$ "!ses $f

"w"reness "nd 'isg%ided 6%dg'ents there is itte r$$' f$r s%ch " grie#$%s err$r&

F$r " !r"ctice th"t in#$#es '$re th"n $ne indi#id%" "s in the c"se f$r f"'i( $r gr$%! ther"!( it

is i'!$rt"nt th"t " !e$!e !"rtici!"ting in the ther"!( %nderst"nd *their r$es "nd their

re"ti$nshi!s with " !"rties+ ,Fisher -..0& Since the ther"!e%tic re"ti$nshi! is b%it $n tr%st) "

cient th"t d$es n$t 3n$w the i'its $f the c$%nse$r5s sh"ring $f inf$r'"ti$n c"n be !%t in "

!$tenti"( "w3w"rd $r %ns"fe sit%"ti$n& It is the c$%nse$r5s 6$b t$ e@!"in r$es ce"r( thr$%gh

the !r$cess $f $bt"ining infor!e% consentbec"%se " *cients h"#e " right t$ 3n$w in

"d#"nce & & & "n( i'it"ti$n $f !ri#"c( 9"nd: c$nfidenti"it( ,>$!e C "s


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c$ns%t"ti$n $r "ssist"nce) "nd deter'ine whether the( sh$%d i'it) s%s!end $r ter'in"te

their w$r3;re"ted d%ties&

A si'!e f$r'%" t$ he! "chie#e b""nce inc%des !ers$n" "w"reness) the c$%nse$r

3n$wing the i'its $f hisher s3is) !"rtici!"ting in $n g$ing tr"ining) '"int"ining

s%!er#isi$n t$ disc%ss ethic" c$ncerns "nd cient !r$gress) "nd 3n$w "b$%t c%rrent

rese"rch "nd findings&

4Ther"!( re!resents " c$'!e@ !$wer re"ti$nshi!4 ,Anders$n C H"ndes'"n -..0& The

c$%nse$r sh$%d be "w"re $f hisher $wn s(ste' $f 6%dg'ents "nd "s these "nd !ers$n"

#"%es "re "n i'!$rt"nt !"rt $f %!h$ding ethic" !rinci!es& Heshe "s$ needs t$ be

"w"re $f hisher cient5s #"%es re'e'bering t$ be res!ectf% "nd c"ref% n$t t$ i'!$se

!ers$n" beiefs $nt$ the cient& The c$%nse$r h$ds " the res!$nsibiit( t$ the cient "nd

" inter"cti$ns need t$ re'"in within th"t fr"'ew$r3&

M"int"ining " sense $f b""nce "nd sef c"re is #it" t$ '"int"in "n integr"ted "nd

c$hesi#e ifest(e& The ther"!ist needs t$ deter'ine $big"ti$ns "nd ife ch$ices th"t "re

tr%e t$ the sef) $$3ing dee!( "t beiefs) #"%es "nd #irt%es hed t$ 3n$w where $ne

st"nds& H"#ing the intern" b"tte f$r g$$d $r b"d) right $r wr$ng is n$t c$nd%ci#e t$ g$$d

'ent" he"th& Decisi$ns '"de i'!"ct n$t 6%st the ther"!ist "nd cient) b%t f"'iies)

s!$%ses) !"rtners "nd c$e"g%es&

Ethica consi%erations an% responsi&iities


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4Ethic" "w"reness is " c$ntin%$%s "cti#e !r$cess4 & As " !r"ctiti$ner stri#es f$r !ers$n" "nd

!r$fessi$n" gr$wth the( need t$ be "w"re $f !ers$n" i'it"ti$ns) stress) "nd b""ncing '%ti!e

res!$nsibiities&

T$ ens%re th"t ther"!ists) cinici"ns) "nd c$%nse$rs %!h$d high !r$fessi$n" st"nd"rds the

A'eric"n >s(ch$$gic" Ass$ci"ti$n ,A>A0 de#e$!ed the Ethic" >rinci!es $f >s(ch$$gists

"nd =$de $f =$nd%ct ,ethics c$de0& Ser#ing "s " g%ide t$ dict"te !r$ced%r" "!!ic"ti$ns "nd

c$nd%ct within " ther"!e%tic setting& *Ethics st"nd"rds set f$rth enf$rce"be r%es 9"nd the f"ct

th"t: " gi#en c$nd%ct is n$t s!ecific"( "ddresses b( "n ethic" st"nd"rd d$es n$t 'e"n th"t it is

necess"ri( either ethic" $r %nethic"+ ,A>A) -..-0&

The =$de $f Ethics is " d$c%'ent f% $f inf$r'"ti$n inc%ding ethic" st"nd"rds f$r

c$nfidenti"it( "nd !ri#"c() "nd h$w " sef c"re str"teg( c"n he! " ther"!ist "#$id b%rn$%t "nd

'"3ing 'ist"3es&

CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES

B$%nd"ries "re the fr"'ew$r3 within which the ther"!istcient re"ti$nshi! $cc%rs& B$%nd"ries

'"3e the re"ti$nshi! !r$fessi$n") "nd s"fe f$r the cient) "nd set the !"r"'eters within which

!s(ch$$gic" ser#ices "re dei#ered& >r$fessi$n" b$%nd"ries t(!ic"( inc%de fee settin*+

en*th of a session+ ti!e of session+ persona %iscos#re+ i!its re*ar%in* the #se of to#ch+

an% the *enera tone of the professiona reationship& In " '$re s%bte f"shi$n) the b$%nd"r(

c"n refer t$ the ine between the sef $f the cient "nd the sef $f the ther"!ist&


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The !ri'"r( c$ncern in est"bishing "nd '"n"ging b$%nd"ries with e"ch indi#id%" cient '%st

be the best interests $f the cient& E@ce!t f$r beh"#i$rs $f " se@%" n"t%re $r $b#i$%s c$nfict $f

interest "cti#it() b$%nd"r( c$nsider"ti$ns $ften "re n$t ce"r;c%t '"tters $f right "nd wr$ng&

R"ther) the( "re de!endent %!$n '"n( f"ct$rs "nd re


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Sef %iscos#re'

Ath$%gh in s$'e c"ses sef disc$s%re '"( be "!!r$!ri"te) 'e'bers need t$ be c"ref% th"t the

!%r!$se $f the sef disc$s%re is f$r the cient5s benefit& A n%'ber $f d"ngers '"( e@ist in sef

disc$s%re inc%ding shifting the f$c%s fr$' the needs $f the cient t$ the needs $f the ther"!ist $r

'$#ing the !r$fessi$n" re"ti$nshi! t$w"rd $ne $f friendshi!& The b%rring $f b$%nd"ries c"n

c$nf%se the cient with res!ect t$ r$es "nd e@!ect"ti$ns& The !ri'"r(


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with the cient) '"( $cc%r !"rtic%"r( f$r ther"!ists wh$ "re 'e'bers $f s'" c$''%nities) $r

f$r cinici"ns wh$ w$r3 with " !"rtic%"r cient !$!%"ti$n with which the( "re "s$ "ffii"ted&

S%ch $#er"!!ing re"ti$nshi!s c"n $cc%r in sit%"ti$ns where) f$r e@"'!e the cient is " 'e'ber

$f " !"rtic%"r reigi$%s $r ethnic gr$%! "nd tends t$ !r"ctice within this c$''%nit( $r) the

'e'ber h"s " chid with " e"rning dis"biit() is "cti#e in " $c" "ss$ci"ti$n) "nd "s$ d$es

e"rning dis"biit( "ssess'ents& Sit%"ti$ns where there '"( be $#er"!!ing re"ti$nshi!s need t$

be 6%dged $n " c"se b( c"se b"sis&

Me'bers sh$%d "#$id re"ti$nshi!s with their cients $%tside $f ther"!( where either the

ther"!ist $r cient is in " !$siti$n t$ gi#e " s!eci" f"#$r) $r t$ h$d "n( t(!e $f !$wer $#er the

$ther& F$r e@"'!e) s$'e sit%"ti$ns t$ be "#$ided inc%de e'!$(ing " cient $r his $r her c$se

re"ti#es) in#$#ing $nesef in b%siness #ent%res where $ne c$%d benefit fin"nci"( fr$' "

cient5s e@!ertise $r inf$r'"ti$n) $r eng"ging in ther"!( $r "ssess'ent with " c%rrent st%dent&

Si'i"r() 'e'bers sh$%d refr"in fr$' re


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A professionad%" re"ti$nshi! $r '%ti!e re"ti$nshi! is where !s(ch$ther"!ist $r

c$%nse$r "nd cient "re "s$ !r$fessi$n" c$e"g%es in c$eges) tr"ining instit%ti$ns)

!resenters in !r$fessi$n" c$nferences) c$;"%th$ring " b$$3) $r $ther sit%"ti$ns th"t cre"te

!r$fessi$n" '%ti!e re"ti$nshi!s&

A s!eci" treat!ent,professionad%" re"ti$nshi! '"( t"3e !"ce if " !r$fessi$n" is) in

"dditi$n t$ !s(ch$ther"!( "nd c$%nseing) "s$ !r$#iding "dditi$n" 'edic" ser#ices)

s%ch "s !r$gressi#e '%sce re"@"ti$n) n%triti$n $r diet"r( c$ns%t"ti$n) Rei3i) etc&

A sinessd%" re"ti$nshi! is where ther"!ist "nd cient "re "s$ b%siness !"rtners $r

h"#e "n e'!$(er;e'!$(ee re"ti$nshi!&

Co!!#nad%" re"ti$nshi!s "re where ther"!ist "nd cient i#e in the s"'e s'"

c$''%nit() be$ng t$ the s"'e ch%rch $r s(n"g$g%e "nd where the ther"!ist sh$!s in "

st$re th"t is $wned b( the cient $r where the cient w$r3s& =$''%n" '%ti!e

re"ti$nshi!s "re c$''$n in s'" c$''%nities when cients 3n$w e"ch $ther within the

c$''%nit(&

Instit#tionad%" re"ti$nshi!s t"3e !"ce in the 'iit"r() !ris$ns) s$'e !$ice

de!"rt'ent settings "nd 'ent" h$s!it"s where d%" re"ti$nshi!s "re "n inherent !"rt $f

the instit%ti$n" settings& S$'e instit%ti$ns) s%ch "s st"te h$s!it"s $r detenti$n f"ciities)

'"nd"te th"t cinici"ns ser#e si'%t"ne$%s( $r se


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we "s "n e@!ert witness) r"ther th"n f"ct witness) is c$nsidered " #er( c$'!ic"ted "nd

$ften i;"d#ised d%" re"ti$nshi!&

S#per(isor$re"ti$nshi!s inherent( in#$#e '%ti!e r$es) $("ties) res!$nsibiities "nd

f%ncti$ns& A s%!er#is$r h"s !r$fessi$n" re"ti$nshi!s "nd d%t( n$t $n( t$ the s%!er#isee)

b%t "s$ t$ the s%!er#iseeJs cients) "s we "s t$ the !r$fessi$n "nd the !%bic&

A se-#ad%" re"ti$nshi! is where ther"!ist "nd cient "re "s$ in#$#ed in " se@%"

re"ti$nshi!& Se@%" d%" re"ti$nshi!s with c%rrent cients "re "w"(s %nethic" "nd $ften

ieg"&

S$'e c$nsider %i*ita+ onine or internetd%" re"ti$nshi!s th"t t"3e !"ce $nine $n

s$ci" netw$r3ing sites) s%ch "s F"ceb$$3 $r Twitter) $r $n b$gs) ch"ts) $r 7in3edIn)

c$nstit%te %ni


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/o#ntar$,a(oi%a&e8 Us%"( these d%" re"ti$nshi!s t"3e !"ce in "rge cities $r

'etr$!$it"n "re"s where there "re '"n( ther"!ists) '"n( !"ces t$ sh$!) w$rshi! $r

recre"te&

Una(oi%a&e8 These d%" re"ti$nshi!s "re $ften f$%nd in is$"ted r%r" "re"s) s'"

'in$rit( gr$%!s) dis"bed gr$%!s $r s!irit%" c$''%nities) $n the N"ti#e A'eric"n

reser#"ti$ns) $r "n( s'" c$''%nit( in big 'etr$!$it"n "re"s "nd tr"ining instit%ti$ns&

The( "re "s$ $ften %n"#$id"be in s!$rts !s(ch$$g( "nd s!irit%" c$%nseing&

S%!er#is$r( re"ti$nshi!s inherent( in#$#e '%ti!e re"ti$nshi!s "s !"rt $f the tri"nge

$f s%!er#is$r;s%!er#isee;cient&

Man%ate%8 These d%" re"ti$nshi!s $ften t"3e !"ce in the 'iit"r() !ris$ns) 6"is "nd in

s$'e !$ice de!"rt'ent settings&

Une-pecte%8 Une@!ected '%ti!e re"ti$nshi!s $cc%r when " ther"!ist is n$t initi"(

"w"re th"t the cient the( h"#e been w$r3ing with is also" friend) c$e"g%e) c$;w$r3er

$r e#en "n e@;s!$%se $f "n$ther cient& Si'i"r() %ne@!ected d%" re"ti$nshi!s t"3e

!"ce when) %nbe3n$wnst t$ the !s(ch$ther"!ist) the cient 6$ins the ther"!istJs ch%rch)

b$$3 c%b) $r b"seb" recre"ti$n e"g%e&

D#a Reationships Can e Conc#rrent Or Se0#entia

A conc#rrentd%" re"ti$nshi! t"3es !"ce "t the s"'e ti'e "s ther"!(&

A se0#entiad%" re"ti$nshi! t"3es !"ce "fter ther"!( h"s ended& F$r e@"'!e) "fter

ther"!( ends " ther"!ist decides t$ e'b"r3 $n s$ci" $r b%siness re"ti$nshi!s&


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Le(e of In(o(e!ent

Lo),!ini!a e(e8 1hen " ther"!ist r%ns int$ " cient in the $c" '"r3et $r in the

the"tre !"r3ing $t&

Me%i#! e(e8 1hen " cient "nd ther"!ist sh"re $cc"si$n" enc$%nters) "s in "ttending

ch%rch ser#ices e#er( S%nd"( $r $cc"si$n" >TA 'eeting&

Intense e(e8 1hen ther"!ist "nd cient s$ci"i2e) w$r3) "ttend f%ncti$ns $r ser#e $n

c$''ittees t$gether $n " reg%"r b"sis&

eco!in* frien%s'

Gener"() 'e'bers sh$%d "#$id bec$'ing friends with cients "nd sh$%d refr"in fr$'

s$ci"i2ing with the'& Ath$%gh there "re n$ e@!icit g%ideines th"t !r$hibit friendshi!s fr$'

de#e$!ing $nce ther"!( h"s ter'in"ted) 'e'bers '%st %se their cinic" 6%dg'ent in "ssessing

the "!!r$!ri"teness $f this f$r the indi#id%" cient& >$tenti" !$wer i'b""nces '"( c$ntin%e t$

e@ist "nd inf%ence the cient we !"st the ter'in"ti$n $f the f$r'" ther"!e%tic re"ti$nshi!&

In the c$%rse $f ther"!() s$'e cinici"ns) $n $cc"si$n) '"( eng"ge in "cti#ities th"t rese'be

friendshi!) s%ch "s g$ing $n "n $%ting with " chid $r "d$escent) $r "ttending " cient5s !"()

wedding) $r s!eci" e#ent& In " c"ses it is the cinici"n5s res!$nsibiit( t$ ens%re th"t the

re"ti$nshi! re'"ins ther"!e%tic "nd d$es n$t de#e$! int$ " friendshi! $r " r$'"ntic

in#$#e'ent& The definiti$n $f 4se@%" "b%se4 within the egis"ti$n '"3es itce"r th"t it is

%n"cce!t"be t$ d"te " c%rrent cient& Since !$wer i'b""nces'"( c$ntin%e t$ inf%ence the

cient we !"st ter'in"ti$n) !r$fessi$n" st"nd"rds !r$hibit " 'e'ber fr$' eng"ging in " se@%"


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re"ti$nshi! with " f$r'er cient t$ wh$' "n( !r$fessi$n" ser#ice w"s !r$#ided in the !"st tw$

(e"rs& Me'bers "re re'inded th"t e#en the '$st c"s%" d"ting re"ti$nshi! '"( e"d t$ f$r's $f

"ffecti$n"te beh"#i$r th"t c$%d f" within the definiti$n $f se@%" "b%se&

Maintainin* esta&ishe% con(entions'

Ign$ring est"bished c$n#enti$ns th"t he! t$ '"int"in " necess"r( !r$fessi$n" dist"nce

between cients "nd 'e'bers c"n e"d t$ b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns& E@"'!es inc%de !r$#iding

tre"t'ent in s$ci" r"ther th"n !r$fessi$n" settings) n$t ch"rging f$r ser#ices rendered) n$t

'"int"ining ce"r b$%nd"ries between i#ing "nd !r$fessi$n" s!"ce in h$'e $ffices) $r

sched%ing "!!$int'ents $%tside $f reg%"r h$%rs $r when n$ $ne ese is in the $ffice&

Ph$sica contact'

There "re " #"riet( $f w"(s $f %sing t$%ch t$ c$''%nic"te n%rt%ring) %nderst"nding "nd s%!!$rt

s%ch "s " !"t $n the b"c3 $r sh$%der) " h%g $r " h"ndsh"3e& S%ch t$%ch c"n h$we#er) "s$ be

inter!reted "s se@%" $r in"!!r$!ri"te which necessit"tes c"ref% "nd s$%nd cinic" 6%dg'ent

when %sing t$%ch f$r s%!!$rti#e $r ther"!e%tic re"s$ns& =inici"ns '%st be c"%ti$%s "nd

res!ectf% when "n( !h(sic" c$nt"ct is in#$#ed) rec$gni2ing the di#ersit( $f c%t%r" n$r's

with res!ect t$ t$%ching) "nd c$gni2"nt th"t s%ch beh"#i$%r '"( be 'isinter!reted&

Di"gn$stic "nd ther"!e%tic w$r3 with chidren re


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in the !resence $f '( c$e"g%es $r this chid5s !"rents4 Ag"in) g$$d cinic" 6%dg'ent sh$%d

!re#"i f$r the !r$tecti$n $f b$th the cient "nd the !r"ctiti$ner&

S$'e cinic" sit%"ti$ns s%ch "s ne%r$!s(ch$$gic" testing "nd bi$feedb"c3) $r cinic"

inter#enti$ns s%ch "s bi$energetics) re


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D$es this c$ntr"#ene the Reg%"ted He"th >r$fessi$ns Act) the St"nd"rds $f >r$fessi$n"

=$nd%ct $r the =$de $f Ethics) etc&

OUNDAR1 CROSSINGS AND OUNDAR1 /IOLATIONS IN COUNSELLING

B$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns "nd b$%nd"r( cr$ssings in c$%nseing "nd !s(ch$ther"!(

refer t$ "n( de#i"ti$n fr$' tr"diti$n") strict) J$n( in the $ffice)J e'$ti$n"(

dist"nt f$r's $f ther"!(& The( '$st( refer t$ iss%es $f sef disc$s%re) ength "nd

!"ce $f sessi$ns) !h(sic" t$%ch) "cti#ities $%tside the $ffice) gift e@ch"nge)

s$ci" "nd $ther n$n;ther"!e%tic c$nt"ct "nd #"ri$%s f$r's $f d%" re"ti$nshi!s&

B$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns in ther"!( "re #er( different fr$' b$%nd"r( cr$ssings& 1hie

b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns b( c$%nse$rs "re h"r'f% t$ their !"tients) b$%nd"r(

cr$ssings "re n$t "nd c"n !r$#e t$ be e@tre'e( he!f%&

H"r'f% b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns $cc%r t(!ic"( when c$%nse$rs "nd !"tients "re

eng"ged in e@!$it"ti#e d%" re"ti$nshi!s) s%ch "s se@%" c$nt"cts with c%rrent

cients& E@!$it"ti#e b%siness re"ti$nshi!s "s$ c$nstit%te b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns&

B$%nd"r( cr$ssings c"n be "n integr" !"rt $f we f$r'%"ted tre"t'ent !"ns $r

e#idence;b"sed tre"t'ent !"ns& E@"'!es "re) f(ing in "n "ir!"ne with " !"tient

wh$ s%ffers fr$' " fe"r $f f(ing) h"#ing %nch with "n "n$re@ic !"tient) '"3ing "

h$'e #isit t$ " bed ridden eder( !"tient) g$ing f$r " #ig$r$%s w"3 with "

de!ressed !"tient) $r "cc$'!"n(ing " !"tient t$ " dre"ded b%t 'edic"( essenti"

d$ct$rJs "!!$int'ent t$ which he $r she w$%d n$t g$ $n their $wn&

>$tenti"( he!f% b$%nd"r( cr$ssings "s$ inc%de g$ing $n " hi3e) gi#ing " n$n;

se@%" h%g) sending c"rds) e@ch"nging "!!r$!ri"te ,n$t t$$ e@!ensi#e0 gifts)


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ending " b$$3) "ttending " wedding) c$nfir'"ti$n) f%ner") $r g$ing t$ see "

cient !erf$r'ing in " sh$w&

B$%nd"r( cr$ssings "re n$t %nethic"& Ethics c$de $f " '"6$r !s(ch$ther"!(

!r$fessi$n" "ss$ci"ti$ns ,e&g&) A>A) A!A) NAS1) A=A) NB==0 d$ n$t !r$hibit

b$%nd"r( cr$ssings) $n( b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns&

7i3e d%" re"ti$nshi!s) b$%nd"r( cr$ssings "re n$r'") %n"#$id"be "nd e@!ected

in s'" c$''%nities s%ch "s r%r") 'iit"r() %ni#ersities "nd interde!endent

c$''%nities s%ch "s the de"f) ethnic etc&

Different c%t%res h"#e different e@!ect"ti$ns) c%st$'s "nd #"%es "nd theref$re

6%dge the "!!r$!ri"teness $f b$%nd"r( cr$ssings different(& M$re c$''%n"(

$riented c%t%res) s%ch "s the 7"tin$) Afric"n A'eric"n $r N"ti#e A'eric"ns) "re

'$re i3e( t$ e@!ect b$%nd"r( cr$ssings) "nd fr$wn %!$n the rigid

i'!e'ent"ti$n $f b$%nd"ries in ther"!(&

N$t " b$%nd"r( cr$ssings c$nstit%te d%" re"ti$nshi!s& M"3ing " h$'e #isit)

g$ing $n " hi3e) $r "ttending " wedding with " cient "nd '"n( $ther J$%t;$f;

$fficeJ e@!eriences "re b$%nd"r( cr$ssings which d$ n$t necess"r( c$nstit%te d%"

re"ti$nshi!s& Si'i"r() e@ch"nging gifts) h%gging) $r sh"ring " 'e" "re "s$

b$%nd"r( cr$ssings b%t n$t d%" re"ti$nshi!s& H$we#er) " d%" re"ti$nshi!s)

inc%ding "ttending the s"'e ch%rch) b"rtering) !"(ing in the s"'e recre"ti$n"

e"g%e) c$nstit%te b$%nd"r( cr$ssings&

There is " !re#"ent err$ne$%s "nd %nf$%nded beief "b$%t the Jsi!!er( s$!eJ th"t

c"i's th"t 'in$r b$%nd"r( cr$ssings ine#it"b( e"d t$ b$%nd"r( #i$"ti$ns "nd

se@%" re"ti$nshi!s& This s$'ewh"t !"r"n$id "!!r$"ch is b"sed $n the Jsn$w b"J

effect& It !redicts th"t the gi#ing $f " si'!e gift i3e( ends %! in " b%siness

re"ti$nshi!& A ther"!istJs sef disc$s%re bec$'es "n intric"te s$ci" re"ti$nshi!&

A n$n;se@%" h%g t%rns int$ " se@%" re"ti$nshi!&


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B$%nd"r( cr$ssings with cert"in cients) s%ch "s th$se with b$rderine !ers$n"it(

dis$rder) '%st be "!!r$"ched with c"%ti$n& Effecti#e ther"!( with s$'e cients

'"( re


24/25

c$%nseing center M"6$r %rb"n setting #s& re'$te 'iit"r( b"se) !ris$n $r !$ice

de!"rt'ent setting&

Therap$ factorsinc%de8

Therape#tic factors) s%ch "s '$d"it(8 Indi#id%" #s& c$%!e #s& f"'i(

#s& gr$%! ther"!( Sh$rt ter' #s& $ng ter' #s& inter'ittent $ng;ter'

ther"!( Intensit(8 Ther"!( sessi$ns se#er" ti'es " wee3 #s& $nce " '$nth

c$ns%t"ti$n >$!%"ti$n8 =hid #s& "d$escent #s& "d%t !s(ch$ther"!(

The$retic" Orient"ti$n8 >s(ch$"n"(sis #s& h%'"nistic #s& gr$%! ther"!(

#s& b$d( !s(ch$ther"!( #s& ecectic ther"!(&

Therape#tic reationship factors8 %"it( "nd n"t%re $f ther"!e%tic

"i"nce) i&e&) sec%re) tr%sting) tent"ti#e) fe"rf% $r s"fe c$nnecti$n& Intense

"nd in#$#ed #s& ne%tr" $r c"s%" re"ti$nshi!s 7ength) i&e&) new #s& $ng;

ter' re"ti$nshi! >eri$d) i&e&) beginning $f ther"!( #s& 'idde $f ther"!(

#s& t$w"rds ter'in"ti$n Ide"i2edtr"nsferenci" re"ti$nshi!s #s& f"'ii"r

"nd '$re eg"it"ri"n re"ti$nshi!s F"'ii"rit( "nd inter"cti#it( in the

c$''%nit( #s& $n( in the $ffice) dist"nced re"ti$nshi! >resence $r

"bsence $f d%" re"ti$nshi!s "nd t(!e $f d%" re"ti$nshi!s) if "!!ic"be&

Therapist factorsinc%de8 =%t%re) "ge) gender) se@%" $rient"ti$n Sc$!e

$f !r"ctice ,i&e&) tr"ining "nd e@!erience0&

REFERENCES


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www&($%rs$ci"w$r3er&c$'b$%nd"ries&ht'

www&2%rinstit%te&c$'d%"reationships&ht'

www&g$$dtherap$&$rgb$gL.;signs;g$$d;therap$

www&ncbi&n'&nih&g$#
http://www.yoursocialworker.com/boundaries.htmhttp://www.zurinstitute.com/dualrelationships.htmlhttp://www.zurinstitute.com/dualrelationships.htmlhttp://www.zurinstitute.com/dualrelationships.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/50-signs-good-therapyhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/50-signs-good-therapyhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/50-signs-good-therapyhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/50-signs-good-therapyhttp://www.yoursocialworker.com/boundaries.htmhttp://www.zurinstitute.com/dualrelationships.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/50-signs-good-therapy

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Huma Assignment on Psychology