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1. Heart rate

2. Rhythm

3. PR interval4. QRS complex

5. ST segment

6. T wave

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According torhythm:

1. Regular

rhythm:equalcardiaccycles (RRintervals)

2. Irregularrhythm:unequalRRintervals

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1. Heart rate

2. Rhythm

3. PR interval4. QRS complex

5. ST segment

6. T wave

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Rhythm

Regular

Sinus

Normal

Tachycardia

Bradycardia

Non-sinus

PSVT VT

Monomorphic

Polymorphic

Irregular

PrematureBeats

Atrial

Ventricular

AF

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Sinus rhythm:Each normalQRS complex ispreceded by a

clear P wavethat is positive inlead II andnegative in leadaVR

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Sinustachycar

dia(>100)

Sinusbradyca

rdia( bigsquareoUniformly

prolonged withevery beat

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First degree:oDuration > bigsquareoUniformly

prolonged withevery beat

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Second degree -

Mobitz I:

PR interval lengthens

progressively with

successive beatsuntil one P wave is

not conducted at

all. Cycle then

repeats itself

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Second degree -

Mobitz II:

Series of non-

conducted P

waves followed bya conducted one,

i.e. multiple P

waves for each

QRS complex

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Third degree (completeHB = AV dissociation)oP wave > QRScomplexesoSlow regular complexes

(idioventricular rhythm)oVariable PR interval frombeat to another

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1. Heart rate

2. Rhythm

3. PR interval4. QRS complex

5. ST segment

6. T wave

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Normal:

oDuration: 0.08-0.12

seconds (2-3 small

squares)

oContour is same

between beats

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Abnormalduration: wideQRS

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Abnormalduration: wideQRS

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Contour: ectopicfocus or foci

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1. Heart rate

2. Rhythm

3. PR interval4. QRS complex

5. ST segment

6. T wave

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Elevation(infarction)

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Elevation(infarction)

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Depression(ischemia)

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Depression(ischemia)

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Sagging

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Sagging

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1. Heart rate

2. Rhythm

3. PR interval4. QRS complex

5. ST segment

6. T wave

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Normal:oDirection: T wavefollows the directionof main QRS

deflectionoAmplitude: 0.5small square -1 bigsquare

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Inverted:hypokalemia,ischemia, digoxin

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Inverted:hypokalemia,ischemia, digoxin

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Inverted:hypokalemia,ischemia, digoxin

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Hyperacute(peaked)oAmplitude > BigsquareoAgents:hyperkalemia

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Hyperacute(peaked)oAmplitude > BigsquareoAgents:hyperkalemia

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Hyperacute(peaked)oAmplitude > BigsquareoAgents:hyperkalemia

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Flat:oAmplitude < 0.5mmoAgents:

hypokalemia

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Flat:oAmplitude < 0.5mmoAgents:

hypokalemia

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Comment

on rate

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Comment

on rhythm

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Comment

on rhythm

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Comment

on:

1. Rate

2. Rhythm

3. QRS

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Comment on:

1. Rate

2. Rhythm

3. ST segment

4. T wave

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Comment on:

1. Rate

2. Rhythm

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Comment on:

1. Rate

2. Rhythm

3. ST segment

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