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Housing Typology (3 of 7): Closes, Wynds and Mews
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IntroductionThis piece looks at the role of contemporary closes, wynds and mews, re-interpretations of Scottish urban forms. Our aim is to show the linkage between design of the house and the place of which it forms a part.
In urban Scotland, closes and wynds emerged behind the market street as the narrow routes between plots of land. These slender routes, with their closely-bound adjoining buildings and boundary walls, form a distinctive Scottish typology. In later Georgian streets mews had a similar function of providing the infrastructure to Georgian townhouses, with mews now re-appropriated for compact urban living. Such ancillary streets and lanes are often the interstices between busy streets and blocks of terraced townhouses. Surviving examples have proved adaptable and conducive to a mix of uses.
However we identify here two distinct new models emerging in the search for sustainable forms of development and placemaking:
• asinfillwithinandbetweenhistoricurbanblocksincities• as a tier in the street hierarchy of new housing
Here we illustrate built examples where architects and urban designers have sought to reconcile contemporary living with the wider roles and functions of the individual house that are integral to placemaking.
Roles of closes, wynds and mewsThe success of this form can be attributed to some of the useful roles it plays:
1. Economic Value• associatedwithefficient,compact,highdensityforms• adaptable and accessible for a mix of uses
2. Townscape Value• providing for distinct secondary routes and linkages• giving more space for walking routes, cycle routes and car
parking• compatible with indigenous architecture and townscape models
3. Cultural Value• helps create more attractive/vibrant neighbourhoods• convenience of proximity to bigger streets and urban facilities• bringingtenurediversitythroughsmallscaleresidentialinfill
4. Environmental Value• anefficientlanduse• maximizinguseofbrownfieldland
Viewing this dataDrawing and mapping were prepared by Architecture and Design Scotland in 2013, based on material supplied by the architects involved.
^ Circus Lane, Edinburgh (image: cyocum, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
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Closes and Wynds
Murdoch Nesbitt Court, NewmilnsThis new housing demonstrates that narrow courts and closes can be achieved in the context of current planning legislation for frontage distances, parking and roads standards.
CreditsDesign: Page\Park ArchitectsImages: Page\Park Architects
81
Church
64
26
50
33
Sinks
45
70
31
95
Outfall
66
2
69
44
Loudoun
97
68
6
CRA
IGV
IEW
Twr
107
Hall
28
45
128124
4104
6
1a
PH
114
62
Library
CA
STLE S
TREET
Play Area
1
3
RO
AD
60
27
68
Lady
Flora's
Institute
56
71
74
76
129
69
46
War
9
32
59 to
63
93
Car Park
7
KING STREET29
EA
ST S
TRA
ND
64
80
2
11663
4
25
20
70
Memorial
The Green
El Sub Sta
120
2
HIGH
STR
EET
18
85to73to77
Morton
Hall
66
123
Path
53
42
52
MAIN STREET
122
67
35
8
to
Old Parish
TCB
72
15
GREENSIDE
4
37
89
102
30
Back
Bur
n
6
55
8
1d
65
Persian Sands
12
100
78
14
118
91
1
48
99
101
105
Path
MURDOCH NISBET
10
8
6
4
2
1
COURT
ESS
12
5
3
7
11
9
4
8
1
24
6
1
4JOHN LAW CL
5
PDB
CLOSES AND WYNDS
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2013 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 7 _ NEWMILNSDRAFT
17_01_13 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ Housing reinforcing a walking route
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
4
Lilybank Wynd, JohnstoneThis new housing is another example of narrow courts and closes achieved in the context of current planning legislation and roads standards.
The linear form of the housing highlights routes and paths between buildings, a distinctive response to topography and views over the Black Cart Water into the countryside.
CreditsDesign: Page\Park ArchitectsImage: Page\Park Architects
Black Cart Water
69
Barbush
59
Tank
Works
71
Works
Cartbank
Nursing Home
9
COLLIER STREET
8
17b
17d
RA
NKIN
E S
TREET
Cottage
Millbank
Pavilion
KIRKSHAW COURT
and Handicapped
Black Cart Water
CLARK STREET
Bowling Green
10
6
15c 1
5d
Lilybank House
BREWERY STREET
Church
17c
31
7
Centre for Elderly
17a
15a 1
5b
Works
WA
LKIN
SHA
W S
TREET
4
El Sub Sta
10
6
BREWERY ST
Factory
16
Works
CO-OPERATIVE TERRACE
Factory
22
Depot
Centr
e f
or
Eld
erly
Works
and H
andic
apped
28
Blac
k Ca
rt W
ater
20
Fyffe Place18
Nursery
10
2
18
8
1
28
22
262
7
33
30
34
9
11
14
5
20
16
23
2
61
21
69
63
71
64
1012
14
3
5
CASSIDY DRIVE
25
27 to 3
3
12
14
20
10
15 t
o 2
1
23
9
11
LILYBANK WYND
1 t
o 7
16
35 t
o 4
1
18
Ward Bdy
Ward Bdy War
d Bd
y
Nursery
LANDSCAPE EDGES
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 3.3 _ LILYBANK WYNDDRAFT
17_12_12 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ View from street to landscape
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
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Mews
Fore Street, ScotstounThis compact set of mews houses and courtyard gardens demonstrates that infillispossibleonaheavilyoverlooked
urban site in Scotstoun, that building proximities can be resolved and attractive and safe garden spaces created.
CreditsDesign: Hypostyle ArchitectsImage: Hypostyle Architects
15
23
22
25
33
26
32
14
1
to
6
1339
1343
4
1335
PrimroseCourt
St P
aul's
RC
Prim
ary
Scho
ol
1337
2
880
DUMBARTON ROAD
19
to
5
24
22
6
140
3
14 1363
1407
10
to
1411
2
23
1369
45
1381
146
1367
870
Depot
1437
1451
5
20
7
17
29
MET
HIL S
TRE
ET
to
18
6
1385
1377
25
128
830
17
to
10
1435
20
20
GLENEAGLES LANE NORTH
1
4
12
865
Sub Sta
to
28
to
1397
1431
to
1425
19
1365
890
5
GLENEAGLES LANE SOUTH
36
DW
11 to
15
3
1419
PRIM
ROSE
STRE
ET13
LENNOX
LANE
WES
T
19
Ban
k
12
8
to
1356
3
1353
7
8
40
8
HEN
RIET
TA S
TRE
ET
21
1
El
17
1364
27
3
1417
to
1393
142
134
to
SCOTST
OUN S
TRE
ET
1399
18
FORE STREET
11
1405
10
130
1391
to
19
22
24
TCBs
1375
16
21
1423
LENNO
X AVEN
UE
1415
1453
1361
to
4
1359
to
813
4
1
16
1433
11
9
Path
14
180
136
16
9
El Sub Sta
44
6
8 2
166
160
162
158
170
168
MEWS
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 4.2 _ FORE STREETDRAFT
18_12_12 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
^ Location plan
^ Creating an attractive place in an urban setting
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
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Woolmet Place, Greendykes RoadA modern 2-storey mews street planned as a more informal interior street set behind an outer shell of 4-storey urban frontages marking the main thoroughfares in a network of new streets.
Attractive paving, contained parking, street trees, hedges and seats create a restful environment where houses and front doors open directly into a form of extended shared yard space.
CreditsDesign: Austin-Smith:LordImages: A&DS
Dublin Street Lane, EdinburghAnexampleofhigh-densityinfillmakingefficientuseofthescarceresource of land in central Edinburgh. A demonstration of positioning of buildings responsive to the hidden urban context and the natural site topography behind the Georgian townhouses.
Buildings are organized around a shared common yard space.
CreditsDesign: Richard Murphy ArchitectsImage: Richard Murphy Architects
^ Children can play in the street
^ Parking is integrated into the street
^ Parking in the common courtyard space
^ Detailed plan
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Lane
Balvonie Street, InvernessBuilt alongside a path leading into the countryside this corner house demonstrates how to turn a corner from street to lane, with an open-ended porch, a gable window and ‘in-between’ parking.
CreditsDesign (building): Malcolm Fraser ArchitectsDesigh (swale bridge): AREAImage: AREA
Issues
Issues
Gas Governor
11
21
2
1
7
3
PLACE
12
5
1
15
20
PINEWOOD
9
9
7
GREEN
2
BALV
ONIE ST
REET
6 T
O 1
1
Balvonie Braes
BALVONIE
SQUARE
1
3
BALVONIE
BALVONIE
TERRA
CE
1
5
1
5
8
21
15
23
BALVONIE BRAE 19
Playg
roun
d
8
2
5
13
1
11
17
Ps
37
47
57
39
3
33
5
4
4
59
19
45
8
El Sub Sta
25
15
21
11PINEWOOD
DRIVE
35
27
61
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
BUILDING WITH WATERTypology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B6.2_ EXPO PLOT 22 & 27DRAFT
17_12_12 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ Corner house at lane crossing
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
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Find out more about Architecture & Design Scotland:
www.ads.org.uk @ArcDesScoT: 0131 556 6699E: [email protected]
Bakehouse Close, 146 Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DD
Level 2, The Lighthouse, 11 Mitchell Lane,Glasgow, G1 3NU
1
Housing Typology (1 of 7): The Terrace
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Housing Typology (2 of 7): Clusters, Groupings and Courtyards
1
Housing Typology (4 of 7): Edge
1
Housing Typology (5 of 7): Towers, Corners and Markers
1
Housing Typology (6 of 7): Topographic and Climatic Responses
1
Housing Typology (7 of 7): Adaptables
Other documents in this series:
