44
1 IEEE SSCS-2007 HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR

HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

1

IEEE SSCS-2007

HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ☺

Page 2: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

2

Portable Power Management Challenges and Solutions

Jinrong QianPortable Power Management Applications

Feb 16, 2007

IEEE SSCS-2007

Page 3: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

3

IEEE SSCS-2007Portable Device Market

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

90002

CY

03CY

04CY

05CY

06CY

OthersLGES EricssonSiemensSamsungMotorolaNokia

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

02CY

03CY

04CY

05CY

06CY

OthersLenovoAcerToshibaHPDell

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

02CY

03CY

04CY

05CY

06CY

OthersFujifilmNikonOlympusKodakSonyCanon

0

5

10

15

20

02CY

03CY

04CY

05CY

06CY

OthersHitachiSamsungCanonJVCPanaSony

Cellular Phone Unit (Million) Notebook PC Unit (Million)

DSC Unit (Million)2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Digital Camcorder Unit (Million)

Page 4: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

4

IEEE SSCS-2007

Long Battery Run-time and Cycle Life• High capacity battery chemistry• Battery Charging• Accurate gas gauge• System power managementSafety• Li-Ion cell battery• Battery pack electronics• AuthenticationSmall Size• High component integration• High switching frequency

Portable Power Design Challenges

Page 5: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

5

IEEE SSCS-2007Total Portable Power Management for Battery-Driven Electronics...

Longer Battery Life

Smaller Size & Weight

Portfolio strength in...Battery managementLow-dropout regulatorsLow-power DC/DCWhite-light and RGB, LED driversPower supervisorsLCD bias power

Page 6: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

6

IEEE SSCS-2007Battery Chemical Capacity

EDV=3.0V/cell

Qmax

Load current: 0.2C

• Battery capacity (Qmax) is defined as amount of charge which canbe extracted from the fully charged cell until its voltage drops below end of discharge voltage (EDV).

• EDV is minimal voltage acceptable for the application or for battery chemistry, whichever is higher.

CBAT RBAT

Battery Capacity: 1CDischarge rate 1C:Current to completely discharge a battery in one hourExample:2200mAh battery, 1C discharge rate: 2200mA, 1 hr0.5C rate: 1100mA, 2hrs

3.6V (Battery rated voltage)

1 2 3 4 5 60

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Capacity, Ah

Voltage, V

Page 7: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

7

IEEE SSCS-2007

Volumetric Energy Density (wh/liter)

Gra

vim

etric

Ene

rgy

Den

sity

(wh/

kg) 18650-2,6Ah (2005)

250 500450 600100

150

200

350 400

423048-L1

863448-M1

863448-M3

633048-L1

633048-L2

18650-2.2Ah

633450-L1

523450-L1

633048-L3

633048-L4633450-L2

633450-L3423048-L2

523450-L2

18650-2.4Ah

423450-L1

383562-800mAh

323456-540mAh

423456-780mAh

Cylindrical

Prismatic

Polymer

Li ion battery

18650-1.3Ah (1997)

18650-1.8Ah

Battery Chemistry DevelopmentNiCd, NiMH, Li-Ion Rechargeable BatteryBattery Capacity Increase by 7% per year

Page 8: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

8

IEEE SSCS-2007

Long Battery Run-time and Cycle Life

Battery Charging

Page 9: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

9

IEEE SSCS-2007Li-Ion Charge CC-CV Profile

IPRECHARGE

3.0V/Cell

Pre-charge

ICHARGE

4.2V/CellFast-charge

ITERMINATION

Taper Current

Battery Voltage

Constant Current: 20-30% charging time, 70-80% capacityConstant Voltage: 70-80% charging time, 20-30% capacity

Constant Voltage

Pre-charge Timer Safety Timer

Page 10: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

10

IEEE SSCS-2007

• The higher the cell voltage, the higher the capacity• Over charging shortens battery cycle life• Requirements: High accuracy battery charge voltage <1%

Charge Voltage Affects Battery Cycle Life

4.35V

4.3V4.25V

4.2V

Page 11: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

11

IEEE SSCS-2007

• Charging Current ≤ 1C rate to prevent overheating, degradation.• The higher charge current will not short the charge time too much!

“Factors that affect cycle-life and possible degradation mechanisms of a Li-ion cell based on LiCoO2”, Journal of Power Sources 111 (2002) 130-136

Charge Current vs Battery Cycle Life

1.0C1.1C1.3C1.5C

2.0C

Page 12: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

12

IEEE SSCS-2007

Charger output current is shared:ICHG = IBAT + ISYS

Design Challenges:Charger and System InteractionSafety TimerCharge Termination Detection

Charging with an Active System Load

System

ISYS+

Adapteror USB

ICHG

IBAT

Charger

Page 13: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

13

IEEE SSCS-2007Challenge: Pre-charge and Safety Timer Fault

Pre-Charge Mode:Battery voltage may NOT reach the fast charge voltage threshold

Pre-charge Timer False WarningBattery may NOT fully charged when the safety time expires• Safety Timer False Warning

Solution: Keep system off or in low-power mode in pre-charge modeDrawback: Can not operate the system while charging a deeply discharged battery simultaneously

100mA 80mA+

Adapteror USB System

ICHG ISYS

IBATCharger 20mA

Page 14: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

14

IEEE SSCS-2007Power Path Management Battery Charge Architecture

• Decoupling charge current path from system current path• Charge current controlled by Q2• Powering System from adapter through Q1• Simultaneously powering system and charging battery• No interaction between charge current and system current

C1+

-

Adapter

System

Q1 Q2

Powering System

Charging Battery

Controller

Page 15: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

15

IEEE SSCS-2007Challenge for Power Path Management Charger

Time

ICHG

VOUT

IADP

Adapter current limit

ISYS System Current

System Crash

IADP= ISYS + ICHG• High AC adapter Current• May crash the system for high pulse current• Designing the AC adapter with peak power

• Higher cost• Larger size

Power Regulation: Dynamic Power Path ManagementAvoid System Crash

IADP

C1

+

-

Adapter

System

Q1 Q2

System Current

Charging Battery

Controller ICHG

ISYS

VOUT

VOUT-MIN

Page 16: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

16

IEEE SSCS-2007Dynamic Power Path Management (DPPM)

C1

+

-

Adapteror USB

System

Q2CurrentControl

OutputControl

ICHG

IADP ISYS

Time

ICHG

System Voltage

VDPPM

IADP AC adapter current limit

ISYSDPPMMode

System voltage drops if (ISYS + ICHG) > IAC_LIMIT

DPPM function : Reduces the charge current when the

system voltage is below VDPPM

“Finds” maximum adapter power !!!Battery Supplement Mode

VBAT

Charging Current

Page 17: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

17

IEEE SSCS-2007Functional Block Diagram

Protection

Regulation Loop• Battery Voltage• Charge Current• USB Current• System Bus Voltage (DPPM)• Junction Temperature

Protection• Battery Temp Detection• System Short Circuit• Battery Short Circuit• Safety Timer

USB Control

Charge Control

AC

USB

TMR

DPPM

TS

OUT

BAT

ISET1

LDOOr Mini USB

Page 18: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

18

IEEE SSCS-2007

• AC adapter or USB can power the system and charge the battery simultaneously• Dynamically reduces charge rate to supply sufficient system current• Selectable USB charge current limits of 100/500mA and up to 1.5A from AC adapter• Thermal regulation and Battery temperature monitoring

System Solution Example: DPPM Battery Charger

C10uF

AC

USB

STAT1

STAT2

USBPG

ACPG

ISET2

ISET1

TMR

VSS

OUT

OUT

OUT

CE

BAT

BAT

TS

LDO

PSEL

DPPM

103AT

RT2

bq2403x

D1 D2

D4

D3

D6

D5

High: 500mALow: 100mA R1

R2High: ACLow: USB

3.3V/20mA

HighEnable

System LoadAC AdapterUSB

RT1

R3

Q1

Q2Q3

Page 19: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

19

IEEE SSCS-2007

High Accurate Battery Gas Gauging

Long Battery Run-time

Page 20: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

20

IEEE SSCS-2007Full Use of Available Battery Capacity

+

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Capacity

Charging Voltage Tolerance

Actual Useful Capacity

Shutdown Uncertainty due to inaccurate gauging

• Only 80-90% of Available Capacity may actually be used!• High Accuracy Gas Gauge Increase the Battery Run-time

Page 21: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

21

IEEE SSCS-2007Voltage Based Gas Gauge

External battery voltage can be roughly modeled as V=V0CV-I*RBATHigher Voltage with light load, Lower voltage under heavy load IssueDisplay Remaining Capacity Error: 50-100%Unexpected Shutdown

Qmax

0 1 2 3 4 6

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Capacity, Ah

Voltage, V CBAT RBAT

VOCV+ - I

+ -V=V0CV - I*RBAT

5

3.6VLight Load

+

I*RBAT

Heavy load

Page 22: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

22

IEEE SSCS-2007Voltage Based Gauging with Aging

Cycle 1 Cycle 100 Cycle 200 Cycle 300

Cycle 400Cycle 500

Cell Voltage (V)4.2

4.0

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.00 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

• Same Voltage, Different State of Charge

Page 23: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

23

IEEE SSCS-2007

Battery is fully chargedDuring discharge capacity is integrated Qmax is updated every time full discharge occurs

∫= dt iQ

Coulomb Counting Based Gauging

Q

0 1 2 3 4 5 63.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Capacity, Ah

Li-Ion Battery Cell Voltage

EDV (end of discharge voltage)

QmaxDisadvantages

Learning cycle needed to update Qmax

Battery capacity degradation with aging (Qmax: 3-5% with 100-cycles)Gauging error increase 1% for every 10-cycle with learning

Self-discharge has to be modeled: Not accurate

Page 24: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

24

IEEE SSCS-2007

Combine advantages of voltage and current based methodsUse voltage based method where no load is applied to battery, todetermine starting SOC and no-load capacity degradationUse current integration based method when under loadUpdate impedance at every cycle using voltage and current information

BATOCV RIVV ×= -

Impedance TrackTM : Handling of Battery Aging

0.06 0.1 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.26 0.30R(Z) - Ω

0.12

0.08

0.04

0

Im(Z

) -Ω

Cycle 1

Cycle 100

Battery Impedance with AgingBattery DC impedance

Fully charged Deeply discharged

Page 25: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

25

IEEE SSCS-2007How to Measure and Update Impedance

BATOCV RIVV ×= -

• Data flash contains a fixed table for open circuit voltage as a function of remaining capacity OCV = f (SOC)This is true for all standard Li-ion cells, regardless of manufacturer

• The IT algorithm performs real-time measurements and calculationsduring charge and discharge cycles.

Impedance RBAT = OCV – VBATI

100 75 50 25 0SOC %

4.2

3.93

3.67

3.4

Open Circuit Voltage Profile

OCV

VBAT2SOC1SOC

QΔQmax -

=

Page 26: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

26

IEEE SSCS-2007System Test Results

0 20 40 60 80 1003000

3200

3400

3600

3800

4000

4200

Vol

tage

1.5

1

0.5

0

0.5

1

RSO

C e

rror

True vs Reported RSOC RSOC Accuracy (%)

0 20 40 60 80 100RSOC(%)

True SOC (%)SMbus Reported SOC (%)

0 20 40 60 80 100RSOC (%)

4.2

3.8

3.4

3.0

1.00.5

0-0.5-1.0-1.5

Test conditions: bq27350 gas gauge with Impedance Track technology• Single Li-Ion battery• DSC-like load discharge profile• 1% accuracy

Page 27: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

27

IEEE SSCS-2007

System Power Management

• Challenge: Higher power demand vs Battery Run-time• Solution: Dynamic Power Management

Long Battery Run-time

Page 28: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

28

IEEE SSCS-2007

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

200 300 400 500 600 7000

20

40

60

80

100

120

CPU Frequency (MHz)

Core

Vol

tage

(V)

Power Consumption (%

)

Core Voltage

Power Consumption

Voltage Scaling or Positioning Reduces Power Dissipation

VINEN_1EN_2MODEGND

TPS62401

10μF

VOUT1SW1FB1

DFE_1SW2

ADJ2 10μF

VOUT2

Vcore

Vcore_SelVI/O

μP

• Applications: Laptop CPU, portable device CPU• The Lower Core voltage, the lower CPU speed and Power Dissipation• Voltage Identification (VID) through communication lines

t: 100μs/div

VOUT1=1.1V

IL: 500mA/div

DEF_1: 2V/div

VOUT1=1.575V

s2CPUCPU fCV

21

P =

Page 29: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

29

IEEE SSCS-2007

• Synchronous Rectification• Discontinuous Conduction Mode

• Lower conduction loss • Lower Switching frequency

• Lower switching loss• Lower gate drive loss

• Lower quiescent current (<20μA)

PWM ModeVI=3.6V

Power SaveMode

High Efficiency Power Converters

+

L

Co R VO

+

-VIN

Q1

Q2

Most circuits: offLower IQ

iLIavg

t

Comp HighComp Low

Vo0.8%1.6%

PWM ModePower Save Mode

Page 30: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

30

IEEE SSCS-2007

Battery Powered Device Safety

Very Active Battery Materials (Lithium=Bomb)

Battery Management Electronics: Protection

Battery Pack Authentication

Page 31: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

31

IEEE SSCS-2007Battery Safety

Conference on June 21th, 2006 in Japan

Safety!!!

Page 32: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

32

IEEE SSCS-2007How many cases are there ?

• More than 43 cases of events on the Notebook PC was reported during 2001~2003according to the US Consumer Product Safety Commission.

• Nokia announced that 3 –40 cases of battery explosion occurred in 2004.• Verizon announced that they had more than 24 cases in 2004.

Safety

Page 33: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

33

IEEE SSCS-2007Safety and Thermal Stability

Safety event: Thermal runawayDevice malfunctions possibly leading to safety event:

short circuits:• cell internal• pack internal• pack externaloverchargeoverheatingoverdischarge

Thermal Runaway

OCV=4.3VScan Rate= 3oC/min

Page 34: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

34

IEEE SSCS-2007

Temp Sensing

Pack+

Pack-

Voltage ADC

Over VoltageUnder Voltage

Gas Gauge IC

I2C

Chemical Fuse Q2Q1

SenseResistor

bq20z90

Second safetyOver Voltage Protection IC

bq29412

AFE IC

RT

Current ADC Rs

SMBusSMDSMC

Li-Ion Battery Pack

bq29330

Over currentCell balancing

LDO

Battery Pack Electronics

Over Charge (or over-voltage)1st : Gas gauge IC firmware2nd: Protection IC

Over CurrentGas gauge IC firmware

1st level (chg or dsg)2nd level, Safety

AFE hardware3rd level, discharge only

Short Circuit – AFE hardware.Over-Discharge Over temperature

Chipset: bq20z90-bq29330: Gas gauge accuracy 1% over battery life

Page 35: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

35

IEEE SSCS-2007

Counterfeit Battery

• Cheap Replacement Battery

• Functionality Removal

• Without Safety Circuit

• No Protection Circuit

• OEM Lose Business and Reputation

• Loss of public confidence as safety compromised

PACK+

PACK-

Battery Pack

TSRT: 103AT

Protector

GasGaugeHDQ

Battery Authentication/Security Development

Page 36: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

36

IEEE SSCS-2007

In General: A simple and cost effective method to identify and validate identity.

IdentificationDriver licensePassport

Specific to Peripherals:A simple and cost effective method to ensure peripherals come from authorized vendors.• Form factors

Strength: Economies of scaleWeakness: Easy to duplicate

• LabelingStrength: CheapWeakness: Easily copied & moved around

• User InterventionStrength: Informed consentWeakness: Requires user motivation, difficult to enforce

What is authentication?

Page 37: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

37

IEEE SSCS-2007Battery Authentication/Security Development

Solutions

• Identification (ID): bq2022

Fixed challenge, fixed response

• Random challenge-response

bq26150 and bq26100

• Bq20z70/z80/z90 include the SHA-1 based authentication

PACK+

PACK-

TS

Protector

GasGauge

HDQ AuthenticationICHost

Page 38: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

38

IEEE SSCS-2007

System dependent• Battery Packs:

– Allow discharge only

• Chargers:– Reduced charging current rate, or lower voltage

• Other Peripherals– Reduced functionality

May choose to simply log that an unauthorized peripheral was used for warranty information.

What if not authenticated?

Page 39: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

39

IEEE SSCS-2007

Small Size

• High Switching Frequency: Small inductor and capacitor

5 -10MHz DC-DC converter development

sIN

BAT

ripple

BATIN

f1

VV

IΔVV

L-

=

• High Integration: Power Management IC

Page 40: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

40

IEEE SSCS-2007Power Management Challenge: Small Size

Innovation:- Long battery operation- Small solution size

Battery Management Supervision

Photo Flash

LED Backlight

TFT/OLEDDisplay

Memory

Audio Supply

Noise-SensitiveRF Circuit

Integration

Power Conversion

Battery Charging

USB

Li-Ion battery

Adapter

Gas Gauge

Page 41: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

41

IEEE SSCS-2007

TPS658207x7mm

L1: 3.3μH

ADAPTER

CSM110μF

VIN CIN10μF

L1

SM1

L2

SM2

PGND2

VIN_SM2

AC

6

24

ANLG2

OU

T

23

2

3

19

21

SCLK

INT

TS

54

SM3

L3

34

VIN_SM1

PGND1

0.6V-1.8V600mA

L2: 3.3μH

CSM210μF

1.0V -3.4V600mA

OUT CIN1:10μF

OUT CIN2:10μF

46

44

45

47

51

49

52

50

D1OUT

L3:4.7μH

SM3SW

FB3

39

42

40

41

PGND338

D2-D7: White LEDs

D9

RED

GR

EEN

BLU

E

D11

OUT

D10

LDO0

LDO

1

3.3V/150mA

1.25-3.3V/150mA

LDO

2

LDO

3

LDO

4

LDO

5

VIN_LDO02

VIN_LDO35 C02.2μF

C12.2μF

C22.2μF

C32.2μF

C42.2μF

C52.2μF

C81.0μF

C61.0μF

DPPM

AG

ND

2

AG

ND

1

LED_PW

M

AG

ND

0

TMR

SIM

AD

C_R

EF

LDO

35_R

EF

C710nF

RTC

_OU

T

C9100mF

LDO

_PM

ISET

18

C101.0μF

11 10 4 22 30 5 26 27 28 33 37

32

HO

T_RST

TRSTPW

ON

BA

T

OU

T

COUT10μF

USBCUSB10μF

USB

9

12

BA

T

17

RT103AT

RT2442k1%

PACK+

PACK-RT1:

Li-IonBattery

SYS_IN

OUT

31

35

29

GPIO1

GPIO2

GPIOs(ADC_TRG)

43

53

RESPWRON

SDAT

ANLG1

PWM

OUT

R7-R10: 100k

HO

ST INTER

FAC

E

R1:10Ω

R539k

R649.9k

R16: 220k

R15100k

R41k

C11:1μF

C121μF

C130.1uF

OUT

Battery ID

R3200k

R2200k

OUTD8

55 56 1

R11-R13: 100k

R14:33ΩMotor(Buzz)

8 7

RGBLEDs

1425481636131520

CSM31μF

CIN31μF

μP

I/O

LEDS

ANALOG/DIGITALRTC

BATTERY CHARGER

RGB

BUZZ

I2C

USB

ADAPTER Keyboard Backlight

SIM

Complete Power Solution: Power Management IC

Page 42: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

42

IEEE SSCS-2007Smart Phone

Power Management

Page 43: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

43

IEEE SSCS-2007

• Longer battery run-time and cycle life• High capacity battery chemistry development• High efficiency DC-DC converter• High accurate gas gauge• Accurate battery charging

• Device miniaturization• High Integration• High frequency

• Safety• Multi-level Protection• Authentication

Summary

Page 44: HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR - IEEEewh.ieee.org/r5/dallas/sscs/slides/Portable_power... · HAPPY LUNAR NEW YEAR ... S Ericsson Siemens Samsung Motorola Nokia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 02CY 03CY

44

IEEE SSCS-2007

Thank you and Happy New Year ☺