PowerPoint Presentation
INSTRUCTOR NAME: SHAHZAD HASSANTechIOSHHYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S)
BASIC AWARENESS TRAINING
Training & Consultancy Services
Fire alarm / Emergency ExitsMobile PhonesDesignated Smoking
AreasOut of Bound AreasNUTC Safety PassportsQuestions
CLASS RULES
ANSI Z390.1-2006 (R2010):Accepted Practices for Hydrogen Sulfide
Training Programs.
ADNOC COP Volume 4 Part 10:Management of Hydrogen Sulphide
(H2S).
REFERENCES
To make employees aware of How To Save their lives in a
potential H2S release.COURSE AIM
COURSE CONTENTS
Chemical Formula : H2S.Chemical Name: Hydrogen SulfidePhysical
Makeup: Gas at Ambient Conditions (STP)Specific Gravity: 1.19 [Air
= 1.0]
WHAT IS H2S?
Hydrogen Sulfide is an extremely toxic gas that is colorless,
flammable, heavier than air, soluble in water and has the smell of
rotten eggs at lower concentrations.At higher concentration H2S can
deaden your sense of smell.
SOURCES OF H2SH2S is a by-product formed when organic matter
decays.Natural Sources
Under low oxygen conditions when sufficient Sulphur and bacteria
are present.
Hydrogen Sulfide is generated as a common product or by-product
of industrial and manufacturing processes.Industrial SourcesSOURCES
OF H2S
In Oil and Gas Industries; H2S can be found in:
Wellheads, Piping Systems, PipelinesTanksShale Shakers,Pits,
cellars or sewersValvesFlangesInstrumentsEquipment Failure
In Gas Plants example:
Acid Gas RemovalSulfur removal systemsHeater treatersVapor
recovery units
SOURCES OF H2S
HYDROGEN SULFIDERotten Egg GasDihydrogen SulfideSilent
KillerDevils Breath Acid GasSulphurated HydrogenSewer GasSour
Gas
COMMON NAMES OF H2S
TOXICITY
WHEREWHENNO. OF FATALITIESUSA:1984-1994 (57 Accidents)80 (Avg. 8
per year)Saudi Arabia:1980 (1 Accident)19Chongqong, China:2003 (1
Accident)243GASCO, Buhasa, UAE:2002 (1 Accident)03ADGAS, Das
Island, UAE:2008 (1 Accident) 01ADCO, Shah, UAE:2009 (1
Accident)03ACCIDENT STATISTICS
Invisible / ColorlessBad Smell (rotten eggs), only at low
concentrationsParalyzes the sense of smell at higher
concentrationsExtremely toxic / PoisonousHeavier than air (specific
gravity 1.189)
PROPERTIES OF H2S
Dispersed by wind movement or air currentsFlammable (Range from
4.3% LEL 46% UEL)Burns with a BLUE flame and forms SO2Corrosive
(Iron Sulphide scale)Soluble in oil and waterExtremely toxic for
Aquatic Life
PROPERTIES OF H2S
MEASUREMENT OF H2S (PPM)0.0001%=1 PPM1%=10,000 PPM
OSHA / ACGIH / ADCOTLV / PEL / OEL10 PPMSTEL15 PPMTWA Ceiling20
PPM
EXPOSURE LIMITSHSE UK / ADNOC CoP / GASCOWEL TWA (08 HOURS per
day X 5 times in a week)05 PPMWEL STEL (15 Minutes exposure X 4
times in a day)10 PPM
ROUTES OF ENTRYPrimary Route of Entry is by INHALATION
IMMUNE SYSTEM (SELF DEFENCE SYSTEM)
TARGET ORGANS
VARIABLES AFFECTING THE SYMPTOMS OF H2S EXPOSUREExposure
Duration(HOW LONG?) Exposure Concentration(HOW MUCH?) Exposure
Frequency (HOW MANY TIMES?)Individual Susceptibility(IMMUNE
SYSTEM)
ACUTE EFFECTS
Eye irritationHeadachesNauseaIrritation respiratory
tractDizzinessConfusionOlfactory fatigueExcitementPulmonary
oedemaRespiratory arrestCardiac arrestDeathCHRONIC EFFECTS
Sleep problemsAnorexia (Loss of appetite)Pulmonary oedemaCorneal
diseaseBrain damageHypertensionHEALTH EFFECTS OF H2S
DISPERSION OF H2SH2S Dispersion modelling and Zone
classification shall be carried out for all sour gas operations and
facilities
CLASSIFICATION OF H2S AREASHIGH RISKMEDIUM RISKLOW RISK
Access Control / T-Card systemPermit To WorkTraining (H2S and
SO2 hazard awareness)Buddy SystemUse of H2S detectors and personal
monitorsLocation of Wind SocksFacial Hair Policy if using SCBA /
Airline breathing ApparatusFamiliarisation of Muster points and
Escape RoutesREQUIREMENTS
REMEMBERNever rely on your NOSE to detect H2S
Fixed detectors Wireless detectors Portable detectors Personal
detectorsTYPES OF H2S DETECTORS
Recommended when hazard assessment indicates a potentially high
H2S risk.Not substitute for normal entry precautions to H2S
classified area.
FIXED DETECTORS
Recommended for remote areasPowered by Solar PanelsTwo-way data
transmission up to 3 km distanceWIRELESS DETECTORS
Normally detects 3 gases. (H2S, O2 , SO2/CO) & LEL Used for
Gas Testing purpose. Only Authorized Gas Testers (AGT) does
monitoring surveysPORTABLE DETECTOR
PERSONAL DETECTOR
Mandatory for entering in the H2S classified zone.Used to ALERT
the individual worker.Needs Daily Self Test
Air Purifying Respirators(APR) Supplied Air Breathing
Apparatus(SABA) Self Contained Breathing Apparatus(SCBA) Emergency
Escape Breathing Apparatus(EEBA)TYPES OF RESPIRATORS
AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS (APR)
Chemical cartridge respirators Protection against different
kinds of contaminants in the air.
SUPPLIED AIR BREATHING APPARATUS (SABA)
SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA)Used for prolonged
activitiesDuration: 30 Minutes (If 200 Bar pressure in 7 Litre
Cylinder)Full Face MaskNeed to follow Facial Hair Policy and Fit
Testing
EMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING APPARATUSEMERGENCY ESCAPE BREATHING
APPARATUS (EEBA)Duration: 15 Minutes (If 200 Bar pressure)Only For
Emergency Escape
HOW TO ESCAPE?Dont panic & Dont RunHold your breath (No
Inhalation / No Exhalation)Wear your EEBA
THEN.. CHECK WIND DIRECTION WIND SOCK FLARE (SMOKE OR FIRE) SAND
PAPER / TISSUE PAPER HAIR WET FINGER
ESCAPE CROSSWIND OR UPWINDH2S SOURCEWIND SOCKBEACON LIGHT WITH
ALARM
IF THERE IS NO WIND.
LEAVE THE LOWER AREA& MOVE UPHILL.
In case of Eye Contamination; Flush eyes with fresh water
(10min) If Heart has stopped; perform CPR (If trained) Avoid Mouth
To Mouth Resuscitation Obtain Medical Treatment
FIRST AID
H2S is an Extremely Poisonous Gas.H2S is heavier than air;
Accumulates in Low / poorly ventilated areasH2S Smells like Rotten
Eggs but Only at very low concentrationsPersonal H2S Detectors must
be working properlyBe aware of your Contingency Plan
REMEMBER H2S TRAINING IT WOULD REMIND YOUHOW2SURVIVESUMMARY
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emergency evacuationPierre Delattrenull6191.0366emergency
evacuationPierre Delattrenull13348.521
