Han Cross-Cultural Misconceptions Presentation

8/8/2019 Han Cross-Cultural Misconceptions Presentation

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Cross-Cul t ura l Misc onc ept ions: Appl ic at ion of Wor ld Her it age Conc ept s in Sc enic and His t or ic

In t erest Areas in China

CrossCross --Cul t ura l Misc onc ept ions: Appl ic at ion of Cul t ura l Misc onc ept ions: Appl ic at ion of Wor ld Her i t age Conc ept s in Sc enic and His tor icWor ld Her i t age Conc ept s in Sc enic and His tor ic

In t erest Areas in ChinaInt erest Areas in China

Feng Han

Associate ProfessorDepartment of Landscape Science and Tourism

College of Architecture and Urban Planning (CAUP)

Tongji University, Shanghai, China


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Out l ine o f Present a t ion

1. Introduction2. Traditional Chinese View of Nature

3. Cross-cultural Misconceptions

4. Cultural Tradition Vs Science andGlobalization

5. Case Studies6. Comments and Arguments


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1. Introduction

Scenic and Historic Interest Areas in China

Founded in 1982;

151 National Designated Units by 2003;

Significant Components of the World Heritage (15 of 29);

Perfect Images of the Chinese Natural Perspective;

Perfect Places of Outstanding Natural and Cultural Qualities;

Most Popular Tourism Destinations in China; Many Conflicts Arising.


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2. Traditional Chinese View of Nature


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Fan Kuan, Northern Song Dynasty (960~1127AD)


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Emperor Hui Zong (1082~1135AD), Southern Song Dynasty


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Traditional Chinese View of Nature:Being harmony and oneness with Nature

1. It is humanistic rather than religious;

2. It is aesthetic rather than scientific;

3. There is great value and beauty embedded in Nature itself;

4. It is consistent with human moral and personality;

5. Nature is the extension of home; it is an enjoyable and inspiring place;6. Artistic re-built Nature is more beautiful than the original one;

7. Nature aesthetics and practice are highly developed in China;

8. Travelling in Nature aims to be enjoyable, instead of solitude oriented.

3 W ld H it C t i C lt l Mi ti


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3. World Heritage Categories: Cross-cultural Misconceptions

3.1 The Detachment of Nature and Culture

Natural Heritage Cultural Heritage

Mixed Heritage

Cultural Landscape


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3.2 Cultural Landscape: A Problematic Concept

In the West:

Settlement;Everydaylife;

All interfaces betweenhumans and Nature;

Beyond aesthetic, thepast.

In China:

Aesthetic-oriented;

Traditional aestheticculture has profoundinfluence;

Creating pristinewilderness.

4 C lt ral Tradition Vs Science and Globali ation in China


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4. Cultural Tradition Vs Science and Globalization in China

4.1 The Influence of Cultural Tradition

Being harmony and oneness with Nature Nature is an open-air home, which is comfortable and enjoyable;

Occupy Nature and take it for granted unconsciously.

The great achievement of natural aesthetics

The rebuilt Nature is more beautiful than the original;

Love man-made structures and altered-landscapes.


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4.2 Contemporary Environmental Science and Globalization

* Re-thinking the relationship between humans and Nature;

* The foundation of contemporary Western environment

movement;

* Hot debates: wilderness, ecological restoration


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4.3 Conflicts

The removal of local inhabitants from Natural Heritage site;

The restriction of man-made structures in Natural Heritage site;

Huge demolition for World Heritage Application.

5. Case Study 1: Demolition in Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Areas


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5. Case Study 1: Demolition in Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic AreasWorld Natural Heritage


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5. Case Study 2: Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area:A A ifi l N l E hl F i l d


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An Artifical Natural Earthly Fairyland


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5. Case Study 3: Wudang Mountain Scenic and Historic Interest Area:World Cultural Heritage


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World Cultural Heritage


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6. Comments and Arguments


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Wilderness and pristine Nature is not the authenticity ofheritage.

Living culture is in danger in World Heritage sites in

China.

World Heritage should not be a golden brand of Tourism.

Implement policies should to be based on specific

Local inhabitants are organic part of heritage;

culture.


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Facts mean nothing if they are not related to desires. It is notcomplete if we only have facts, unless they are related to

purpose and entirety. It cant prevent us from disaster anddespair if we only have science without philosophy, only factswithout perspective and value.

-------- Durant 2001


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Thank you

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Han Cross-Cultural Misconceptions Presentation