GUSTAR“Gustar” always takes an indirect object

pronoun.Indirect object pronouns:

me nostele les

GUSTARConjugation for “gustar” is different from that

of many of the verbs you have learned.When you are talking about one ITEM OR

ACTIVITY, use “gusta,” the singular form of “gustar.”

When you are talking about more than one ITEM OR ACTIVITY, use “gustan,” the plural form of “gustar.”

SERSer is an irregular verb.

yo soy nosotros somos

tú eres

usted ustedesél es ellos sonella ellas

SERSer = to beSer is used for permanent traits.Ser is used for professions/what people do.Ser is also used to express time and the date.

These concepts are NOT permanent, and yet ser is used.

ESTAREstar is an irregular verb.

yo estoy nosotros estamos

tú estás

usted ustedesél está ellos estánella ellas

ESTAREstar - to beEstar is used to tell location.Estar is also used to tell temporary conditions,

feelings, or moods.

How you feel and where you areis when you use the verb ESTAR.

TENERyo tengo nosotros tenemos

tú tienes

usted ustedesél tiene ellos tienenella ellas

TELLING TIMEFor the first half hour, use “y + minutes” for

the number of minutes after the hour.Use “menos + minutes” for the number of

minutes BEFORE the next hour begins.Use “cuarto” for a quarter of an hour (15

minutes)Use “media” for half an hour (30 minutes)

REGULAR VERBSTo conjugate –AR verbs, remove the –AR ending

and replace it with the ending for the subject.yo o nosotros amos

tú as

usted ustedesél a ellos anella ellas

REGULAR VERBSTo conjugate –ER and –IR verbs, remove the –ER

or –IR ending and replace it with the ending for the subject.yo o nosotros emos / imos

tú es

usted ustedesél e ellos enella ellas

IR• IR is an irregular verb.

yo voy nosotros vamos

tú vas

usted ustedesél va ellos vanella ellas

IRIR = to goUse IR to talk about where someone is going.

IR is often followed by “a.” If the place that the person is going is

masculine, the preposition “a” combines with “el” to form the contraction “al.” a + el = al

Also use IR to talk about what someone is going to do with the construct “IR + a + infinitive.”

STEM-CHANGING VERBSThese are verbs that have spelling changes in

the stem that must be made when the verb is conjugated.

The change takes place in the vowel that is closest to the ending. If there is more than one vowel, only the one closest to the ending changes.

The spelling change takes place in all of the forms EXCEPT THE NOSOTROS FORM!!!