GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS UPDATES. INTRODUCTION 2008--------------To date (Regional Manager NSS) 2006------------------2007 (Assistant Manager) 2005------------------2006

GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS UPDATES

INTRODUCTION

2008--------------To date (Regional Manager NSS)

2006------------------2007(Assistant Manager)

2005------------------2006 (Field Support Engineer)

1998------------------2004 (Internee / Senior Switch

Engineer)

PAKISTAN CELLULAR INDUSTRY

‘90 ‘92 ‘98 ‘06‘05‘04‘03

Mobile Cellular Policy - 2004

Deregulation Policy – July ‘03

CELLULAR INDUSTRY EVOLUTION

New ServicesNew Services

EfficiencyEfficiency

More Data More Data Services Services requiredrequired

Broadband

Subscribers

Voice

CoverageCoverage

MobilityMobility

Voice Voice QualityQuality

PortabilityPortability

CapacityCapacity

Data ServiceData Service

BroadbandBroadband

Network Network SimplificationSimplification

Cost of Cost of OwnershipOwnership

MobilinkMobilink

TelenorTelenor

UfoneUfone

WaridWarid

ZongZong

MOBILE PHONE GENERATIONS

MobilinkMobilink

TelenorTelenor

UfoneUfone

WaridWarid

ZongZong

PAKISTANMOBILE SUBSCRIBER STATISTICS

Network Subscriber

Mobilink 33378161

Telenor 26667079

Ufone 20533787

Warid 17387801

Zong 10927693

7

Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless Broadband Requirements

802.11n(smart antennas)802.11Mesh extns.

Lo

cal A

rea

Fix

ed

Wid

e A

rea

Mo

bile

Co

vera

ge/

Mo

bili

ty

Met

ro A

rea

No

mad

ic

802.16(Fixed LOS)

802.16a/d(Fixed NLOS)

802.11b/a/g

Mobile Industry

Fixed Wireless Industry

4G Air Interfaces

Data Rates (kbps)100,000 +

GSM UMTS HSPAGPRS EDGE LTE 3GPP

MOBILE BROADBAND

DSL ExperienceDial Up

Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit

802.16e(Mobile WIMAX)

Fibre Experience

WIRELESS ACCESS EVOLUTION

New ServicesNew Services

EfficiencyEfficiency

More Data More Data Services Services requiredrequired

Broadband

Subscribers

Voice

CoverageCoverage

MobilityMobility

Voice QualityVoice Quality

PortabilityPortability

CapacityCapacity

Data ServiceData Service

BroadbandBroadband

Network Network SimplificationSimplification

Cost of Cost of OwnershipOwnership

SECRETS OF UPGRADES

Maximize Utilizing Spectrum Efficiency FDMA/TDMA/CDMA/OFDMA

Power Efficiency----------------Battery

Minimize Complexity------- System should be Simple

Cost--------- It should be minimize , as per customer needs

10

FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

GSM SERVICES OFFERED

Voice Services

Data Services (GPRS/MMS)

Short Code Services

GSM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW Main components of GSM

The mobile station (MS) BSS Base Station Subsystem (BTS+BSC) MSS Mobile Station Subsystem (MSC/HLR, ..)

BSCBTS MSC

GSM VOICE

Only Voice Call

GSM PREPAID

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

PrePaidPrePaid

VMSVoicemail

OMOPSTNFixed Network

SMSC

SHORT CODE

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC

PABXPSTNInternational

PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

GSM NETWORK OVERVIEW

BTS

BSC

MSC

VLR HLR AuC EIR

PSTN,ISDN...

OMCOMC

NMCX.25 links

GSM interfaces

Voicemail Server

SM-SC

MS (Mobile Station)

BSS (Base Station System)

NSS (Network Switching Subsystem)

OMM (Operations & Maintenance Management)

MS

RAN department

RF department

NSS department

Transmission department

TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS

WHAT IS 3G SERVICE

3G SERVICE PROVIDE Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!!

For Consumer Video streaming, TV broadcast Video calls, video clips – news, music, sports Enhanced gaming, chat, location services…

For Business

High speed teleworking / VPN access Sales force automation Video conferencing Real-time financial information

3G APPLICATIONS

GSM VOICE & GPRS (DATA) CALL ARCHITECTURE

Voice Calls Path

Data Calls Path

Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

2G TOWARDS 3G NETWORK

GGSN

IP networks

SGSN

IuGb

2G 3G

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR

PCRFGr

Gi

Iur

Gx

Only PS Domain shown

Gn Gn

•Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects

GGSN

IP networks

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

Gr

Gi

Iur

Gx


Gn

Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic

HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access)

10 Mb/s

LTE/SAE

PDN GWServing GW

MME

S1-MME S1-U

LTE

IP networks

eNodeB

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

S3

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

S11

Gr

S10

S6a

SGi

LTE/SAE Architecture

X2

Iur

S7

Non-3GPP access

S2a/b

The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios

(S5 in-between)

A flat architecture for optimized performance and cost efficiency


S4

GSM-3G-LTE NETWORKS

28

LTE ARCHITECTURE

PDN GWServing GW

MME

S1-MME S1-U

LTE

IP networks

eNodeB

SGSN

Iu CPGb

2G 3G

S3

BSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

HLR/HSS

PCRF

Iu UP

S11

Gr

S10

S6a

SGi

X2

Iur

S7

Non-3GPP access

S2a/b

S4PDN GW

Serving GW

”Gateway”

MMESGSN

”Mobility Server”

PCRF

HLR/HSS

”HLR/HSS”

EPC

eNode B

RBS

OSS

PA/DU Core & IMS

PA/DU Radio

UPDATES

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has announced that auction for license/spectrum regarding 3G /4G/LTE.

ZTE - Telenore

Lecture link

www.lte.yolasite.com

32

GSM Call GSM Call SetupSetup

33

MS Mobile Station = phone + SIM card

BTS Base Transceiver Station BSC Base Station Controller HLR Home Location Register MSC Mobile services Switching

Centre VLR Visitor Location Register AUC Authentication Centre

Stand-alone or integrated in HLR

EIR Equipment Identity RegisterFor blacklisting stolen and

unwanted equipment SMSC Short Message Service

”Support” Centre VMS Voice Messaging System PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service

system IN Intelligent Network services PSTN Public Switched Telephone

Network PABX Private Automatic Branch

Exchange

MSC/VLRWarid

Telenore

BSC

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

MobilinkPSTN

BSC

PrePaidNode

VMS

HLR

MSCw

AUC

34

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNET


PSTNFixed Network

BSC

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

HLR

MSC BSC

35

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

BSC

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

HLR

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

36

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

BSC

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

HLR

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

37

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

BSC

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

HLR

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

38

BSCBSC

Base Station ControllerBase Station Controller

The call request reaches the BSC from the The call request reaches the BSC from the BTS and is forwarded to MSC.BTS and is forwarded to MSC.

After call is established, the BSC will perform After call is established, the BSC will perform decodingdecoding of the call (in typical config.) of the call (in typical config.)

39

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

40

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

41

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

42

Checks A number.Checks A number. To whom is A subscriber calling?To whom is A subscriber calling?

(Checks B number)(Checks B number) Example : A subscriberExample : A subscriber has has

prepaid number.prepaid number.

MSC MSC

Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre

43

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

44

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

45

BSC HLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaidPrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

46

Does the A subscriber have Does the A subscriber have money left on his/her account?money left on his/her account?

When the call is established When the call is established and on-going the subscriber’s and on-going the subscriber’s account is decremented account is decremented accordingly.accordingly.

PrePaid NodePrePaid Node

47

BSCHLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

48

BSCHLR

MSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

49

BSCHLR

MSCMSC SMSC

EIR

INTERNETIN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

50

Where is the B subscriber?Where is the B subscriber? MSC interrogates in HLR.MSC interrogates in HLR.

(HLR = Home Location (HLR = Home Location Register)Register)

MSCMSC Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre

51

BSCHLR

MSCMSC

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

52

BSCHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

53

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

54

HLR says ’I am the home of the B HLR says ’I am the home of the B subscriber and I know where he/she is subscriber and I know where he/she is right now’ (i.e. which VLR)right now’ (i.e. which VLR)

Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number) for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number)

HLRHLRHome Location Register

55

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

56

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

57

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

58

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

59

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSCMSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

60

Hosting MSC/VLR returns Hosting MSC/VLR returns TEMPORARILY assigned TEMPORARILY assigned visitor/roaming address for B-visitor/roaming address for B-subscriber to HLR.subscriber to HLR.

MSCMSC


61

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

62

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

63

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

64

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

65

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

66

’’Thanks for the visitor address!’Thanks for the visitor address!’ ’’I will send this address to the I will send this address to the

MSC that requested for it.’ MSC that requested for it.’

HLRHLRHome Location Register

67

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

68

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

69

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

70

’’Thank you, HLR!’Thank you, HLR!’ Speech connection path will set Speech connection path will set

up now towards the MSC/VLR up now towards the MSC/VLR where the B subscriber is where the B subscriber is presently located.presently located.

MSCMSC


71

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

72

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

73

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

74

Sets up a speech connection towards Sets up a speech connection towards BSC.BSC.

Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks to page for the subscriber using that ID.to page for the subscriber using that ID.

MSCMSC


75

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

76

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

77

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

78

BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that it covers/controls.it covers/controls.

Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC.Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC. Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best

available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called MS.MS.

Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.

BSCBSC

Base Station ControllerBase Station Controller

79

BSCHLRHLR

MSCMSC

MSC BSC


PSTNFixed Network

IN

PrePaid

VMSVoicemail

SMSC

EIR

INTERNET

GSM TOWARD LTE COURSE OUTLINE

TOPICS Module-1 Introduction of Communication and Wireless Concepts

History of Communication Telecommunication Basics Frequency, Range of Wireless Frequency Channel Concept Multiple Access Concepts and its types

Module-2 Cellular Generation Wireless Concepts

1st Generation of Cellular Communication (AMPS, TACS) 2nd Generation of TDMA , GSM 3rd Generation WCDMA 4th Generation LTE

Module-3 GSM Architecture

MS BSS NSS Interfaces, Protocols

TOPICS Module-4 GSM Channel Concepts

GSM Channels Physical and Logical Channels

Module-5 Cell Planning Concepts

Cell Planning Basic Cell Planning Tools , TEMPS

Module-6 NSS/BSS Hardware and Software

MSC HLR STP BSC

Module-7 DATA Calls

HSCSD GPRS Data Call Path, SGSN and GGSN Hardware

TOPICS Module-8 Call paths

Postpaid to Paid calls Postpaid to Prepaid calls Operator to Operator Calls Mobile to PTCL calls

Module-9 Mobile Packet Backbone Network

OSI layer IP Fundamentals IP Routing , Protocols MPLS Requirement in Telecom

Module-10 GSM Evolution Path

GSM Towards LTE LTE Architecture S-GWS, MME, eNode

THANK YOU

Documents

GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS UPDATES. INTRODUCTION 2008--------------To date (Regional Manager NSS) 2006------------------2007 (Assistant Manager) 2005------------------2006