Greening Public Health at The George Washington University Washington, DC Greening Public Health at The George Washington University Washington, DC NANCY

Greening Public Health atThe George Washington

UniversityWashington, DC

NANCY GIAMMATTEO, AIA, – GWU SCOTT SPANGENBERG, PE, LEED – AEIBRENDON BURLEY, PhD – AEISONG ZHANG, PhD, PE, LEED AP – AEI

Speakers:

April 15, 2013

KEY DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION TEAM - •PAYETTE /AYERS SAINT GROSS•AFFILIATED ENGINEERS•PALADINO•TADJER COHEN •WHITING TURNER

AGENDA

• Project Background

• Sustainability Goals & Process

• Modeling to Solutions

• Measurement & Verification

• Next Steps

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The GW School of Public Health and Health Services

• Established in 1997 and remains the only School of Public Health in DC

• Over 1200 students from every state and 38 nations

• More than 50 degree options, including 21 master’s degrees, 17 graduatecertificates, 3 undergraduate degrees, and 7 doctoral degrees

• This new ‘home of its own’ (away from the medical school) will consolidates all 7 departments for the first time

• “We are not only contributing to public health, we are living it, shaping it, and influencing its future.”

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The GW School of Public Health and Health Services

The Building is located on Washington Circle; it is the new “Front Door” to the Foggy Bottom Campus

Insert Different Map

PROJECT BACKGROUND

East Façade (Looking South from Washington Circle)

PROJECT BACKGROUND

South Façade (Looking North from 24th NW)

PROJECT BACKGROUND

North & West Façades (Looking South from K Street)

PROJECT BACKGROUND

Classrooms

Open Offices

Private Offices

Public Spaces

PROJECT BACKGROUND

SUSTAINABILITY GOALS GW Office of Sustainability• Signatory of ACUPCC• Reduce carbon emissions 40% by 2025 over 2008

baseline• Climate neutrality by 2040

GW Office of Facilities Services• $5 M Eco-Building Program to implement energy and

water efficiency projects in existing buildings

GW Office of Facilities Planning & Design• LEED Silver minimum for all new buildings • 5 LEED Gold buildings since April 2010; first university in

DC to achieve LEED Gold!• 7 additional projects currently registered

SUSTAINABILITY GOALS

Evolution from LEED Silver to Platinum

Dean’s Vision• Showcase of Environmental Design• Marketability of School to Students & Faculty

Re-thinking the Budget for Sustainability• Design Efficiency• Donor Opportunities

SUSTAINABILITY GOALS

GW SPHHSProject Design Expectations

• Integrated Design Team

• 3rd party LEED Consultant

• Active real-time Energy Modeling

MODELING TO SOLUTIONS

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSPRE-CONCEPTS TO REALITY


Possible Solutions

Combined Heat & Power

LED

Lig

hting

Heat Wheels

Geothermal

Green Roof

Chilled Beam

Water ReuseGreen Pow

er Ice Storage

Energy Modeling Use and Application

• Predicts energy use

• Compares different design options

• Test compliance with ASHRAE 90.1 baseline model (Appendix G)

• Verifies and optimizes control sequences

• Simulates calibrations for Measurement & Verification


SUMMARY

FEATURE

Public/Proprietary Public Domain Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary

Simulation Method 8760 hours 8760 hours 8760 hours 8760 hours

Load Design Calculation No No Yes Yes

Max # of Zones 1024 1024 Unlimited 2500

Graphic Results Summary P P P

Accepts CAD input files/gbXML P P

Export Data back to CAD files P

# Terminal Systems Types 28 28 24 21

# Primary Equipment Types 27 27 24 22

Aprroximate Cost freeware freeware $1995+$413/yr $1495+$300/yr

Why Trane TRACE 700

Easy conversion from load calculations to energy calculations.

Unlimited max number of zones

Capability of modeling different airside systems plus many HVAC plant configurations and control strategies, including Displacement Ventilation Systems, Active/Passive Chilled Beam Systems, Variable Refrigerant Volume Systems, Demand Control Ventilation, etc. that cannot be modeled with other energy modeling software

Comprehensively and actively updated frequently to accommodate newly developed systems


Future Trends

BIM Integrated Energy Models

Combined Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Energy Models


Energy Modeling Throughout the Design Process

• Concept: Preliminary studies; load calculations

• Schematic Design: Identifies the primary energy uses

• Design Development: Conducts parametric analyses to evaluate alternative specifications & understand trade-offs between initial cost & life-cycle cost

• Construction Documents: Necessary to document compliance with codes such as the Energy Cost Budget method in the ASHRAE Standard 90.1 or the Total Building Performance section of the IECC


MODELING TO SOLUTIONS Possible Solutions

• Combined heat & power • Triple glazing window • Low e windows• Chilled beam• Displacement Ventilation • LED Lighting• Advanced Lighting Controls• Photovoltaics• Heat recovery chillers• Heat wheels• Geothermal• Green power• Green roof• Wind Turbines

• Water side economizer• Air side economizer• Daylighting • Ice storage• Water reuse• Water efficient plumbing

fixtures• Natural ventilation• Operable windows• Rainwater harvesting• Sunshade screen• Dedicated Outdoor Air

Systems• Solar Hot Water Heating

Heat Recovery

Chiller

Variable Air Volume

Under Floor Displacement

Variable Air Volume Chilled

Beams

Dedicated Outside Air

Systems


Improved Building Envelop

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSSkin Performance

Terracotta Rain Screen – Open joints allow for air flow in the cavity behind the tiles. This creates a pressure balanced system when combined with compartmentalization of the cavity. Gaskets and overlapped joints are used to discourage water from entering the cavity while still allowing ventilation of the cavity. The air space and insulation increase the thermal performance of the exterior wall system.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONS Chilled Beams on Dedicated Outside Air

Chilled beams reduce the need for cooling by air, allowing the use of dedicated ventilation.

Utilizes year-round cooling demands to generate heating water for HVAC use. Water use is also reduced at evaporative cooling towers.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSHeat Recovery Chiller

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSUnder Floor Displacement Ventilation

Displacement ventilation limits cooling to the occupied area and takes advantage of natural air currents to improve environmental quality.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONS Daylighting, Lighting, and Controls

Integrating Artificial & Natural Lighting: Automated reduction of artificial lighting in response to daylight conditions on both interior and exterior.

Energy Efficient Lighting: Extensive use of CFL and selected use of LED lights reduce energy use from required lighting.

Controls: Lighting Management System in public spaces. Extensive use of occupancy sensors and timer switches throughout the building.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSStorm Water Management and Reclamation


What Did NOT Apply & Why

• Combined Heating and Power: Project Scale; Initial Cost

• Photovoltaics: Irregular Roof Shape, Not Enough Roof Space

• Thermal Massing: Building Façade, Cost

• Natural Ventilation: Climate in Washington DC Area; Hot & Humid in Summer

(Expand)

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSCombined Heat and Power

Utilize locally consumed fuel to simultaneously generate power. Requires sustained demand for heating to run a generator.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSPhotovoltaics

Can be applied to rooftops, and emerging technology includes facades. Requires large amounts of real estate.

MODELING TO SOLUTIONSAnnual Energy Use Comparison

Proposed Design vs. ASHRAE 90.1-2007 Baseline

Baseline Proposed Design0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Fan

Pump

Heat Rejection

Cooling

Heating

Lights

ReceptacleAnnu

al E

nerg

y Us

e (M

MBt

u/yr

)


Lessons Learned• There is no one size fits all solution for a sustainable building.

• Systems can work against each other, do not make decisions in isolation.

• Be aware of the limitations of your energy model; complex systems cannot always be modeled out of the box.

• Energy models are predictive of, but not guar

• Try to minimize the glass area of the building. This project had 10% more glass allowed beyond Appendix G; which penalized the project of X energy points.

MEASUREMENT & VERIFICATION

“Begin with the end in mind” (Steven Covey)

• Data Collection (Metering)• Data Transfer (Trending)• Data Management (Optimization)




Importance

• Better building maintenance• Improved real return on investment• Benefits to future projects from

knowledge developed


GW Leadership Approach

Facility Services (Jim Schrote):• Commissioning Manager Leadership (Joe Lenzi)• Energy & Environmental Management (Doug Spengal)• Operations & Maintenance Leadership (Bob Oakley)


EEM O&M

CX Manager

NEXT STEPSBuilding Dashboard: Education on Display

NEXT STEPS

BIM Data Model

NEXT STEPSCurrent LEED Point Standing

Current Points Targeted / Possible Points

26 / 26 pts. Sustainable Sites 10 / 10 pts. Water Efficiency 27 / 35 pts. Energy & Atmosphere 6 / 14 pts. Materials & Resources 12 / 15 pts. Indoor Environmental Quality

6 / 6 pts. Innovation & Design Processes 4 / 4 pts. Regional Priority 91 / 110 pts.

40 110

Certified Silver Gold Platinum

50 60 80

NEXT STEPS

Future of SPPHS Project

Greening Public Health atThe George Washington

UniversityWashington, DC

NANCY GIAMMATTEO, AIA, – GWU SCOTT SPANGENBERG, PE, LEED – AEIBRENDON BURLEY, PhD – AEISONG ZHANG, PhD, PE, LEED AP – AEI

Speakers:

April 15, 2013

KEY DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION TEAM - •PAYETTE /AYERS SAINT GROSS•AFFILIATED ENGINEERS•PALADINO•TADJER COHEN •WHITING TURNER