Green Recovery And Reconstruction: Training Toolkit For Humanitarian Aid

Livelihoods

Session 1: Livelihoods, Disasters and Ecosystems

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Introductions

Tell us your name Which agency you work with Your current job responsibility Name one source of livelihoods that nobody

before you has already mentioned

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Ground Rules

Mobiles silent

Be punctual

Stay on topic

Succinct -be brief

One conversation

at a time

Active listening

Other?

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Green Recovery and Reconstruction Toolkit

Developed by WWF and the American Red Cross

Based on a 5-year partnership formed after the 2004 tsunami between WWF, AmCross and partners in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Maldives

Designed for use globally after natural disasters and conflict

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10 Program ModulesGreen Guide to:

1. Opportunities for Green Recovery and Reconstruction: An Introduction

2. Project Design, Monitoring and Evaluation

3. Environmental Impact Assessment Tools and Techniques

4. Strategic Site Selection and Development

5. Materials and the Supply Chain

6. Construction

7. Water and Sanitation

8. Livelihoods

9. Disaster Risk Reduction

10.Organizational Operations

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GRRT Principles

“Do no harm” to people and communities recovering from disaster by addressing environmental sustainability

Recognize that addressing the environment has multiple benefits

Take ownership Build back safer Be solution-oriented Emphasize the use of local knowledge

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Training Purpose

“Green Livelihoods Recovery”

Enhance your ability to assess and design environmentally

friendly sustainable livelihoods projects in post-disaster

situations

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Workshop Agenda

Sessions Livelihoods, disasters and ecosystems Break Ecosystems and livelihoods recovery Lunch Sustainable livelihood project design exercise

Any questions?

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Any Questions

?

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Capabilities &

Assets &

Activities

... required to make a living

What factors influence people’s livelihoods options?

What are livelihoods?

afghanistan.usaid.gov/Images/Photo.61

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What is an ecosystem?

a dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro-organism communities and their non-living

environment interacting as a functional unit.

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The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

PoliciesInstitutio

nsProcesses

Vulnerability

ContextShocks

SeasonalityTrends

Changes

influenceLivelihoodStrategies

LivelihoodOutcomes

Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop

H

N

FP

SAffected

Assets

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The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

PoliciesInstitutio

nsProcesses

Vulnerability

ContextShocks

SeasonalityTrends

Changes

influenceLivelihoodStrategies

LivelihoodOutcomes

Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop

H

N

FP

SAffected

Assets

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Livelihood Asset Pentagon

Human assets

Natural assets

Financial assets

Physical assets

Social assets

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The amount and quality of labor

Human Assets

USAID Photo Gallery guatemala_spacing_h.jpg

• Education

• Family size

• Vocational skills

• Ability to work

• Health

• Others?

IFAD Photo by Lou Dematteis

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Natural AssetsNatural Assets

(… think of natural resources)

USAID Photo Gallery, CARE madagascar_land2_h.jpg

• Land

• Soil/water quality

• Access to water/ irrigation

• Fishing

• Ecosystem

• Biodiversity

• Others?

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(… think about access to money)

• Credits

• Markets

• Remittances

• Savings

• Cash or cash equivalents

• Others?

USAID photo gallery SS_CAR_MICROFINANCE_04-09-07.jpg

Financial AssetsFinancial Assets

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Physical Assets

Physical Possessions

• Shelter

• Household items

• Productive assets

• Livestock

• Tools

• Others?

Usaid Photo Gallery PACT sudan_return_h.jpg

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Social AssetsSocial Assets

(… think of family ties

and social networks)

• Family ties

• Social safety nets

• Communal labor

• Intra-ethnic support

• Others?www.undp.org.my

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So … Human capital• labour capacity• no education• limited skills

Natural capital• landless• access to natural resources (forests)

Financial capital• low wages• no access to credit

Physical capital• poor water supply• poor housing• poor communications

Social capital• low social status• strong links with family & friends• traditions of reciprocal exchange

Landlessagricultural household

=extremely reduced asset pentagon

Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop

Financial Capital

Social Capital

Physical Capital

Human Capital

Natural Capital

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(www.fao.org/docrep)(www.fao.org/docrep)

Asset Pentagons Differ for Different Groups

Family labour

Draught power

Tractor

21

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Group Discussion (15 minutes)

1. What are the potential impacts of natural disasters and conflicts on natural assets (and on ecosystems)?

2. How does using up (or preserving) natural assets (or ecosystems) increase (or reduce) people’s vulnerability to disaster shocks?

3. How do the SL framework and the asset pentagon help or hurt project managers interested in promoting ecological or environmentally friendly livelihoods projects?

Provide 1-2 specific examples for your assigned question.

You have 10 minutes to discuss your question.

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Group OneWhat are the potential impacts of natural disasters and conflicts on natural assets

(and on ecosystems)?

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Vulnerability

ContextShocks

Trends

“Vulnerability” Context

Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop

H

N

FP

S

Pre-disasterPost-disaster

• Disaster shocks can significantly alter the shape of the asset pentagon (and therefore people’s livelihood strategies)

• Decreased assets increases future vulnerability

Severe storms and flooding

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Group Two

How does using up (or preserving) natural assets

(or ecosystems) increase (or reduce) people’s

vulnerability to disaster shocks?

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Disaster, Livelihood, Ecosystem Links

e.g. Mangroves in Bangladesh

Asian mangrove. Credit: UNESCO

www.faa.gov

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Group Three

How do the SL framework and the asset

pentagon help or hurt project managers

interested in promoting ecological or

environmentally friendly livelihoods projects?

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In Summary Livelihood recovery involves more than jobs; must also address

factors leading to vulnerability Unsustainable livelihood practices Damage to ecosystems on which livelihood depends Limited and non-diversified asset pentagon Lack of knowledge or capacities for alternatives

Sustainable livelihoods resilient in the face of external shocks not dependent upon external support or external support is

sustainable long-term productivity of natural resources do not undermine livelihoods of others

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Questions?

29

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Break Time