gmXa H{$cc{ m g¥em{YZmMm Ahdmc - INFLIBNETshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/10022/14/14_synopsis.pdf · [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéöm¥Vrc J©m_rU d ehar odØmÍ`m¨¾`m H$maH$

$Page 1: gmXa H{$cc{ m g¥em{YZmMm Ahdmc - INFLIBNETshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/10022/14/14_synopsis.pdf · [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéöm¥Vrc J©m_rU d ehar odØmÍ`m¨¾`m H$maH$$
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j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg

oedmOr odØm[rR> H$m{éhm[ya

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g¥em{YH$

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i

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H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc J©m_rU d ehar odØmÍ`m¾`m H$maH$ j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$

Aâ`mg hm Þ¥]¥Y oedmOr odØm[rR> H$m{éhm[ya¾`m [rEM.S>r. (emarnaH$ oejU)

[XdrgmR>r _mÀ`m _mJ§Xe§ZmImcr V`ma H{$cm Amh{. Vg{M _mÀ`m _mohVrZwgma

hm Þ]¥Y Xwgæ`m H$m{UÉ`mhr [XdrgmR>r AWdm BVa H$m{UÉ`mhr odØm[rR>mcm

gmXa H$aÈ`mV Amc{cm Zmhr.

_mJ§Xe§H$

oXZm¥H$ ‘ S>m®. odOàmd dŸØ g¥em{YZ od^mJ ïWmZ ‘ hZw_mZ ê`m`m_ ÞgmaH$ _¥S>i, A_amdVr

[wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéöm¥Vrc J©m_rU d ehar odØmÍ`m¨¾`m

H$maH$ j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg

ÞïVmdZm

^maV hm H£$frÞYmZ X{e ãhUyZ Am{iIcm OmVm{. `m X{emVrc ododY ^mJmVrc

cm{H$m¥M{ OrdZ_mZ, OrdZeŸcr, JaOm, gm{ rgwodYm, gm¥ïH£$oVH$ dmVmdaU h{

d{Jd{J÷`m ÞH$maM{ oXgyZ `{V{. ÞÉ {H$ oR>H$mU¾`m amhUr_mZmV, eŸjoUH$

ÞJVr_Ú { V\$mdV oXgyZ `{V{. eham¾`m VwcZ{V J©m_rU ^mJmV emarnaH$

hmcMmcr OmïV Þ_mUmV hm{VmV.

oZÉ` emarnaH$ hmcMmcr hr OrdZmdë`H$ ]m] Amh{. emc{

OrdZm[mgyZM emarnaH$ gwÏT>V{gmR>r emarnaH$ hmcMmctda â AgU{ JaO{M{

Amh{. [a¥Vw `m¥oÊH$sH$aUm_wi{ ehar ^mJmV _mZdr _wμV hmcMmctZm _`m§Xm

[S>é`m Amh{V.

Amam{»` hr _mUgmMr ïdm^modH$ pïWVr Amh{. Am[é`m _ZmV Amam{»`

ãhUO{ ""H{$di am{Jm[mgyZ _wμVVm'' AgmM AW§ CÉ[Ü hm{Vm{. OmJoVH$ Amam{»`

g¥KQ>Z{Z{ (World Health Organisation) H{$c{cr Amam{»`mMr ê`m¹`mhr `m VrZ

KQ>H$m¥Zm g_modí> H$aV{. Vr ê`m¹`m Aer, Amam{»` ãhUO{ H{$di am{J qH$dm

2

AeμVVm `m¥Mm A^md Zêh{ Va g¥[yU§ emarnaH$, _mZogH$ d gm_moOH$ gwpïWVr

hm{ .1

Xaam{O H{$é`m OmUmæ`m emarnaH$ hmcMmctMm ê`m`m_mMm [ya{[ya \$m`Xm

o_iVm{ h{ emñk d S>m®μQ>am¥Zm \$ma [ydu[mgyZ _mohVr Amh{. (_®Zc{1996).

`m]Òc gÚ`m Am[é`mH$S>{ R>m{g [wamd{ C[cáY Amh{V H$s, Xaam{{O emarnaH$

hmcMmcr, ê`m`m_ H{$é`mZ{ Amam{»`[yU§ OrdZ OJVm `{V{.2 emarnaH$ hmcMmcr

d ê`m`m_ hm ÞÉ`j[U{ am{Jmcm d AH$mcr _£É`wcm oZ ¥ÊU Kmcy eH$Vm{ d Cƒ

XOm§Mr Amam{»`[yU§ OrdZeŸcr oQ>H$dyZ R>{dVm {V{. AWm§V gd§ ïVamda `m

Jm{í>rM{ _hÌd OmUc{ J{c{ [mohO{.

emarnaH$ hmcMmctMm A^md Agc{c{ OrdZ cm{H$g¥¹`{_Yrc ]hüd¥er

cm{H$ OJV Amh{V.h{ gd§l£V gÉ` Amh{. (_®Zc{ 1996) hmcMmctMm A^md hm

d`, qcJ, g¥ïH£$Vr, Amam{»`mMm XOm§, ^mŸJm{ocH$ ÞX{emZwgma ]XcV OmVm{.

^maVm_Ú`{ H$mŸ_m`m§dïW{Vrc _wcm¥_Ú { hmcMmctMm A^mdm_wi{ ïWycVm dmT>c{cr

oXgyZ `{V{. ododY Amam{»`mM{ gd}jU d ^maV gaH$ma¾`m odH$mg H$o_Q>rZ{

H$c{c{ Amam{»` odf`H$ [mpëM_mÉ` X{em¥Zr H{$c{c{ Amam{»`m¾`m XOm§M{ gd}jU

1 ïdmVr JmS>Jri (1993), "emc{ Amam{»` oejU, [wU{,' gwodMma ÞH$meZ _¥S>i. [£í> H©$.1 2 Miller D. K. (2002), 'Measurement by the Physical Educator,' (4th ed.), Mc

Graw Hill, p. 101

3

`m¥Zr Ag{ ï[í> H{$c{ Amh{ H$s, Amam{»`m¾`m oH$_mZ [mVirgmR>r ÞÉ`{H$mZ{

emarnaH$ÏìQ>åm gVV hmcMmcr H$amê`mV.

"Am`wì`âmgmR>rMr emarnaH$gwÏT>Vm'`m g¥H$é[Z{cm [wí>r X{È`m¾`m

Ïí>rZ{ gÚ`mMm emarnaH$ oejU H$m §H©$_ A[yU§ Amh{ Agm gd}jUmMm oZìH$f§

Amh{. emarnaH$ oejU Vkm¥¾`m Ag{ cjmV Amc{ Amh{ H$s emarnaH$ oejU

Aâ`mgH©$_ ]XcU{ JaO{M{ Amh{. Vm{ Aâ`mgH©$_ Am`wì`âmgmR>r ê`m`m_ `m

d£ÌmrMm odH$mg H$aUmam d Amam{»`moYoî>V emarnaH$ gwÏT>V{da â X{Umam

Ag{c.

AmYwoZH$ H$mimVrc odØmÍ`m¨M{ emarnaH$ hmcMmctM{ ïdç[

"emarnaH$ hmcMmcr' hm AoVe` _hÌdmMm KQ>H$ Om{ _mZdm¾`m

Am`wì`mcm oXem X{Umam Amh{. [a¥Vw É`mMrM H$_VaVm AmOH$mc¾`m o[T>rV

ÞH$fm§Z{ OmUdV{. OJÈ`mgmR>r Or gwÏT>Vm, H$mŸeé` cmJV{ V{M AmO

odØmÍ`m_Ú { oXgyZ `{V Zmhr. É`mMr AZ{H$ H$maU{ Amh{V Vr Aer H$s,

eharH$aUm_wi{ _mUgmMr OrdZeŸcr ]Xcc{cr Amh{. Hw$Qw>¥]mVrc dmVmdaU,

EH$Ê Hw$Qw>¥] [ÓVrMm æhmg ,[mcH$m¥Mr (Xm{Km¥Zmhr) Zm{H$ar H$aU{ AoZdm §

4

EH$M A[É` Agé`mZ{ É`mcm _mJ{c V{ o_iV{. Aâ`mg ï[Ym§ H$s É`m¾`m

X]mdmImcr Vm{ [wT>rc gd§ oZìH©$s` Am wì` OJV AgVm{.3

[mcH$ _Zm{a¥OZmgmR>r XyaXe§ZMm AmYma,Vg{M pêhoS>Am{ J{ãg°,

g¥JUH$, dŸkmoZH$ C[H$aU{ `mgma¹`m ]gyZ H$amd`m¾`m C[H©$_m¥Mm Þ^md

BW{M ]mcH$m¾`m oZìH©$s`V{M{ ]rO am{dc{ OmV{.4

ahXmar_wi{ ]mcH$mM{ MmcÈ`mM{ Þ_mUM H$_r Pmc{ AgyZ ]g, najmZ{

emi{V OmU{, ocàQ>Mm dm[a, H©$sS>m¥JU A^md É`m_wi{ odØmÍ`m¨Mr I{iÈ`mMr

B¾N>mM X]yZ J{cr Amh{.

d{\$g§, O¥H$\y$S>, \$mïQ> \y$S> `m¥Zm ÞmYmÛ` oXgV{.Vg{M ÞXwfUm_wi{ hmcMmcr

H$_r Pmé`mZ{ d MwH$s¾`m AmhmamZ{ _Zm{H$mo`H$ AmOma _mÊ dmT>V Amh{V.

ï[Y}_wi{ VmUVUmd dmT>é`mZ{ _mÊ chmZ d`mVM aμVXm], _Yw_{h, _mZogH$

Xw]§cVm, ïWycVm, oZÎmZme, ZŸamë`, dŸ\$é`, AmÉ_hÉ {Mr Þd£Ìmr dmT>V Mmccr

Amh{. gj_ hmcMmctgmR>r É`m¥M{ earaM V`ma Zgé`mZ{,gØ[napïWVrV

odØmWu Hw$R>cmhr I{i qH$dm ê`m`m_ H$aÈ`mg CÉgwH$ oXgV Zmhr d Oar

3 Ward D. S., Saunders R. P. and Pate R. R. (2007), 'Physical ActivityInterventions in Children and Adolescents,' IL Champaign : Human Kinetics,p.11.4 Ibid p. 11.

5

I{iÈ`mg gwçdmV H{$crM Var OmïV H$mi Vm{ É`m_Ú { oQ>Hy$Z ahmV ZmhrV.

H$maU OrdZ OJÈ`mMr JwUdÌmmM É`m_wi{ Imcmdc{cr Amh{ Ag{ oXgV{.

emarnaH$ j_Vm ê`m¹`m :

• emarnaH$ hmcMmcr H$aÈ`mgmR>r Amdë`H$ JwUY_mMm g¥M qH$dm

o_idc{cm g¥M ãhUO{ emarnaH$ j_Vm hm{ . (A_{naH$Z Amam{»` AmoU _mZdr

g{dm od^mJ (1997)

• hm®c{ d \®$μg `m¥ZrAg{ ãhQ>c{ Amh{ H$s "AH$mcr Amam{»` g_ï`m oZ_m§U

hm{È`mMm Ym{H$m Zgc{cr Vg{M ododY emarnaH$ hmcMmct_Ú { CÉgmhmZ{

gh^mJr hm{È`m_Ú`{ Agc{cr oZam_`V{Mr AdïWm ãhUO{ emarnaH$ j_Vm hm{ .

_mZdmMr H$m §j_Vm d C[`wμVVm hr emarnaH$ j_V{¾`m [mVirda

Adc¥]yZ AgV{. É`mM{ Xm{Z _w¹` KQ>H$ Imcrc Þ_mU{ Amh{V.

1) Amam{»`moYî>rV emarnaH$ j_Vm (Health Related Physical Fitness)

2) H$maH$ j_Vm (Motor Fitness)

1) Amam{»`moYoî>V emarnaH$ j_Vm ‘

`m_Y{ OJÈ`mgmR>r Amdë`H$ Aem [mM C[KQ>H$m¥Mm g_md{e Amh{.

6

1) ôX` ëdgZ ZmS>r j_Vm 2) ïZm y¥Mm X_Xma[Um 3) VmH$X 4)

earaYmaUm 5) cdoMH$Vm

h{ gd§ KQ>H$ OÛ_V:M Am[é`m_Ú { AgVmV.

2) H$maH$ j_Vm ‘

H$maH$ j_Vm hr Aer EH$ j_Vm Amh{ ¿`m_wi{ I{imSy> H$m{UÉ`mhr

I{imV d oZÉ` hmcMmct_Ú { èïdrnaÉ`m H$m §_mZ g¥[moXV H$aVm{. `mV

[wT>rc [mM C[KQ>H$m¥Mm g_md{e Amh{.

1) ÞoVoH©$`m d{i 2) oXemo^_wIVm 3) d{J 4) eμVr 5) g_Ûd`

`m gd§ KQ>H$m¥¾`m _m[Zm_wi{ Am[cm I{imVrc XOm§ H$gm Amh{ d

É`m¾`mV gwYmaUmÉ_H$ ]Xc H$aÈ`mgmR>r d{Jd{J÷`m d`m{JQ>mgmR>r

ê`m`m_ÞH$ma gwModVm `{VmV.

H$maH$ j_V{Mm OrdZmer AÉ`¥V OdiMm g¥]¥Y Amh

ÞÉ {H$ I{imV H$maH$ j_V{¾`m KQ>H$m¥Mm g_md{e Am[Umg oXgVm{ d

É`mgmR>rM odØmÍ`m§cm [yd§ ÞmWo_H$ ïVam[mgyZM `m KQ>H$m¥Mm odH$mg H$aU{

JaO{M{ Amh{. odoeí> dmT>r¾`m d`mV `m{»` ÞH$ma{ ê`m`m_mÙma{ h{ gd§ KQ>H$

7

odH$ogV H$aU{ H$maH$ j_V{¾`m Ïí>rZ{ JaO{M{ Amh{. É`mgmR>rM Aâ`mgH©$_mV,

_yé`_m[ZmV É`m¥Mm ÞmYmÛ`mZ{ odMma hm{U{ Amdë`H$ Amh{.

g_ï`{M{ H$WZ

XrK§ H$mi emarnaH$ oejUmM{ AÚ`m[ZmM{ H$m § H$aVm¥Zm g¥em{oY{H$m

emi{Vrc emarnaH$ oejUm¾`m H$m`§H©$_mV goH©$` gh^mJr hm{V{,

ê`m`m_modf`r [wïVH{ ,J©¥W dmMZmVyZ ÞoejU H$m`§H©$_mV Amc{é`m

AZx dmVyZ, J©m_rU d ehar odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt_Ú { H$m` \$aH$ Amh{? Vg{M

_hmamí«>mVrc J©m_rU ^mJm_Yrc emim ,dmVmdaUmV, OrdZ_mZmV gd§

oR>H$mUr \$aH$ Agcm Var emc{ Aâ`mgH©$_ gd§ oR>H$mUr gmaImM oXgyZ

{Vm{. d{Jd{J÷`m oR>H$mUM{ OrdZ_mZ Vg{M BVa \$aH$m_wi{ emc{

odØmÍ`m¾`m emarnaH$ j_V{V oZpëMV H$m` \$aH$ [S>Vm{, Vm{ V[mgyZ

[hmÈ`mgmR>r,.

]mŸoÓH$ oejUmdaM OmïV â Agé`mZ{ odØmÍ`m§cm d [mcH$m¥Zm

odØmÍ`m§M{ H$maH$ j_V{Vrc ïWmZ Hx$R{ Amh{ ? Am[é`m [mé`mgmR>r H$m{UVm

I{i oZdS>dm? h{ X{Irc _mohV ZgV{ Ag{ AZ{H$ ÞëZ g¥em{oY{H{ g_m{a

8

C[pïWV Pmc{. Vg{M [aX{emÞ_mU{ H$maH$ j_V{Mr _mZH{ X{Irc ZmhrV, Ag{

OmUdb{.ãhUyZM g¥em{oY{H{ Z{ hm odf` oZdS>cm Amh{.

g¥em{YZmM{ _hÌd

AÉ`mYwoZH$ Aâ`mgH©$_mVrc emarnaH$ oejUmM{ _hÌd d ïWmZ cjmV

K{D$Z Aâ`mgH©$_m_Ú { emarnaH$ j_V{Mm aMZmÉ_H$ odMma H$aU{ Amdë`H$

Amh{.

ÞÉ {H$ odØmÍ`m§g É`mMr emarnaH$ j_Vm _mhrV AgÈ`mgmR>r

Amam{»`moYoî>V emarnaH$ j_Vm d H$maH$ j_Vm `m¥M{ H$gm{Q>rÙma{ emñm{μV

_m[Z H$aU{ JaO{M{ Amh{.

Amam{»`moYoî>V emarnaH$ j_Vm Or odØmÍ`m_Ú`{ OÛ_V:M AgV{ oVMm

Aâ`mg BVa g¥em{YH$ d{Jd{J÷`m ïVamda H$arV Amh{VM. [a¥Vw emc{

odØmÍ`mMm H$maH$ j_V{Mm XOm§ oH$Vr Amh{, ïWmZ Hw$R>{ Amh{ d Vm{ XOm§

gwYmaÈ`mgmR>r emñm{μV [m`m KS>dÈ`mg `m g¥X^m§V Aâ`mg H$aU{ g¥em{oYH{$g

JaO{M{ dmQ>V{.

H$maH$ j_V{¾`m Aâ`mgm_wi{ Imcrc d{Jd{J÷`m ïVam¥da \$m`Xm

oXgyZ `{B§c.

9

1) odØmÍ`mgmR>r ‘

• Am[c{ H$maH$ j_V{Vrc ïWmZ d XOm§ g_O{c.

• gÚ`m¾`m I{im¾`m XOm§_Ú`{ gwYmaUm H$aU{ eμ` hm{B§c.

• `m{»` ê`m`m_ gwModé`mZ{ Amam{»`m¾`m XOm§_Ú`{ gH$mamÉ_H$

]Xc H$aVm `{B§c.

• I{imMr AmdS> oZ_m§U H$aÈ`mg Vg{M gmVÉ` amIÈ`mg Þ{aUm

o_i{c.

• Am[é`mcm ÊwQ>r g_OVrc.

• j_V{Zwgma `m{»` d`mV I{imMr oZdS> H$aVm {B§c.

• ï[Y}V ïdV:M{ ïWmZ oQ>H$dÈ`mg _XV hm{B§c.

2) oejH$m¥gmR>r ‘

• oeH$dÈ`m¾`m [ÓVr¥M{ _yé`_m[Z H$aÈ`mgmR>r.

• oeH$dÈ`m¾`m [ÓVrV dïVwoZî>Vm/ê`μVrgm[{jVm

AmUÈ`mgmR>r.

• Aâ`mgH©$_ am]odÈ`mgmR>r.

• odØmÍ`m¾`m d`m{JQ>mZwgma hm{Umæ`m A[{ojV ]Xcm¥Mm

VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg H$aÈ`mgmR>r.

10

• odØmÍ`m¾`m j_V{]m]V _yé`_m[ZmgmR>r.

• odØmÍ`m¾`m j_V{Zwgma I{imMr oZdS> gwModÈ`mg Vg{M

dJuH$aUmgmR>r.

• I{imVrc ïWmZ R>aodÈ`mgmR>r.

• Am[é`m H$m`m§M{ ïd`¥ _yé`_m[Z H$è$Z AmT>mdm K{È`mgmR>r.

3) ÞemgZmgmR>r ‘

• emarnaH$ oejU j_Vm _m[Z H$gm{Q>åm¥Ùma{ d{Jd{J÷`m

oR>H$mU¾`m Xm{Z qH$dm É`m[{jm OmïV emarnaH$ oejUm¾`m

H$m §j_V|Mm AmT>mdm K{È`mgmR>r.

• emarnaH$ oejUm¥VJ§V ododY H$m`§H©$_m¥er `m{»` AmIUr

H$è$Z H$m §H©$_ oZpëMVr H$aÈ`mgmR>r.

• Aâ`mgH©$_mM{ _yé`_m[Z H$aÈ`mgmR>r.

• ÊwQ>tMr H$maU{ em{YÈ`mgmR>r d É`mda C[m` gwMdÈ`mgmR>r.

• odoeí> XOm§Mr _mZH{$ C[cáY H$è$Z X{È`mg d É`mdè$Z

_yé`_m[Z V¥Ê AMyH$ H$aÈ`mgmR>r.

11

g_ï`{Mr _m¥S>Ur

am¿`m_Ú { ^mŸJm{ocH$ [napïWVr d H©$sS>m gwodYm `m_Ú`{ \$aH$ Agcm

Var Aâ`mgH©$_ _mÊ gd§ oR>H$mUr g_mZ Amh{.

ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV g¥em{oYH{$Z{ "[wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéöm¥Vrc J©m_rU d

ehar odØmÍ`m¾`m H$maH$ j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg' hr g_ï`m _m¥S>cr Amh{.

g¥em{YZmMr CoÒí>{

1. ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya 11+ V{ 15+

d`m{JQ>mVrc EHy$U emc{ odØmÍ`m¾`m H$maH$ j_V{¾`m KQ>H$m¥Mm H$gm{Q>åm¥¾`m

ghmä`mZ{ Aâ`mg H$aU{.

• ÞoVoH©$`m d{i

• oXemo^_wIVm

• d{J

• eμVr

• g_Ûd`

2. [wU{ oOéhm 11+ V{ 15+ ÞÉ {H$ d`m{JQ>mVrc emc{ odØmWu-

odØmoW§Zr d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{ 15+ ÞÉ {H$

12

d`m{JQ>mVrc emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt_Ú { H$maH$j_V{Mm

VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg H$aU{.

3. [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{ 15+ ÞÉ {H$

d`m{JQ>mVrc emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m H$maH$j_V{Mr

_mZH{ V`ma H$aU{.

VμVm H©$. 1.1 H$maH$j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$

Aâ`mg JQ>

13

XrK§ H$mi emarnaH$ oejUmM{ AÚ`m[ZmM{ H$m § H$aVm¥Zm Amc{é`m AZx dmVyZ

g¥em{oYH${Z{ Imcrc [naH$é[Zm _m¥S>é`m Amh{V.

_w¹` [naH$é[Zm:

[wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{ 15+ `m ÞÉ`{H$ d`m{JQ>mVrc

J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m H$maH$j_V{_Ú`{ \$aH$

AmT>i{c.

C[ [naH$é[Zm:

H1 - [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{ 15+ `m ÞÉ {H$

d`m{JQ>mVrc J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m "ÞoVoH©$`m d{i' `m

H$maH$j_V{¾`m KQ>H$m_Ú`{ \$aH$ AmT>i{c.


d`m{JQ>mVrc J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m "oXemo^_wIVm' `m



d`m{JQ>mVrc J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m "d{J' `m


14


d`m{JQ>mVrc J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m "eμVr' `m



d`m{JQ>mVrc J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zt¾`m "g_Ûd`' `m


oZ ¥oÊV KQ>H$

1) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmMm Aâ`mg [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc

J©m_rU d ehar emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§ZtgmR>r _`m§oXV Amh{.

2) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV odMmamV K{Vc{é`m emc{ [mVirdarc

odØmWu-odØmoW§ZtMm d`m{JQ> 11 V{ 15 df} [yU§ Amh{. gd§ ÞoVgmXH$ odØmWu-

odØmoW§Zr [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc J©m_rU d ehar^mJmVrc emc{

odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr Amh{V.

3) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZ j_V{¾`m 5 KQ>H$m¥[waV{M _`m§oXV Amh{.

15

4) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZ h{ [wU{ oOéhm d É`mVrc 14 VmcwH{$ Vg{M

H$m{éhm[ya oOéhm d É`mVrc 12 Vmcwμ`m¥[waV{ _`m§oXV Amh{. ¿`mMr gr_m

(a{êh{Û`w oS>[mQ>§_|Q>) _hmamí«> am¿`m¾`m _hgyc ImÉ`mZ{ oZpëMV H{$c{cr Amh{.

5) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmgmR>r g¥em{oYH{$Z{ oOéhm [nafX [wU{ d

H$m{éhm[ya Vg{M oejU od^mJ d _hmamí«> am¿` _mÚò_H$ d Cƒ _mÚò_H$

oejU _¥S>i [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya od^mJr` _¥S>i A¥VJ§V _mÛ`VmÞmß _mÚò_H$

_¥S>im¾`m emim¥Mr AoYH£$V `mXr AmYma yV _mZc{cr Amh{.

6) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmVrc ÞmWo_H$ emim ãhUO{ 5 dr V{ 8 dr M{

odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr d _mÚò_H$ emim ãhUO{ 9 drM{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr.

AoZ`¥oÊV KQ>H$

1) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmMm odf` hm [yU§[U{ ZdrZ Agé`mZ{ É`mV

CX° dUmæ`m ÊwQ>r d g_ï`m¥Mr g¥em{oYH{$g OmoUd Amh{.

2) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmgmR>r oZdS>c{cm Û`mXe§ hm d{Jd{J÷`m

oOéömVrc Vmcwμ`mVrc, d{Jd{J÷`m d`m{JQ>mVrc odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr Amh{.

É`m¥¾`m ^mŸJm{ocH$ [napïWVrda, Amhma-odhmamda, H©$sS>m gm{ rgwodYm¥da Vg{M

H$mŸQw>¥o]H$ [napïWVrda Hw$R>é`mhr ÞH$ma{ oZ ¥ÊU R>{dU{ g¥em{oYH{$g eμ`

ZêhV{.

16

3) Vg{M ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmVrc d{Jd{J÷`m oOéömVrc d

Vmcwμ`mVrc ÞmWo_H$ d _mÚò_H$ emim¥¾`m d{im¥da g¥em{oYH{$g oZ`¥ÊU R>{dU{

eμ` ZêhV{.

4) ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmVrc H$gm{Q>åm¥Mr g¥¹`m Vg{M Û`mXem§M{ j{Ê

_m{R>{ Agé`mZ{ g¥em{oYH{$g gd§ H$gm{Q>åm EH$Q>rZ{ K{U{ eμ` Zmhr. ãhUyZ

g¥em{oYH$m ÞoeojV ÞoVoZYtda Adc¥]yZ Amh{. Varhr H$gm{Q>r _m[ZmMr

odëdgoZ`Vm V[mgyZ K{È`mV Amcr.

g¥km¥¾`m H$m`m§É_H$ ê`m¹`m

1) H$maH$ j_Vm - odoeí> I{i AWdm hmcMmc èïdr[U{ gmXa

H$aÈ`m¾`m j_V{cm "H$maH$ j_Vm' ãhUVmV.5

2) ÞoVoH©$`m d{i - M{VH$mM{ H$m § gwè$ Pmé`m[mgyZ É`m M{VH$mg

o_iUmæ`m ïZm y¥¾`m ÞoVgmX gwè$ hm{È`m_Yrc H$mcmdYrg ÞoVoH©$`m d{i Ag{

ãhUVmV.6

5 D.K. Kansal (1996), 'Test and Measurement in Sport and Physical Education,'(1st ed.) D. V. S. Publication, New Delhi pp.108-112.6 D.K.Miller (2002), 'Measurement by the Physical Educator,' (4thed.), Mc Graw

Hill, p.188.

17

3) oXemn^_wIVm - hr Aer emarnaH$ j_Vm Amh{ H$s Or ê`μVrcm

earapïWVrMr oXem d{JmZ{ d AMyH$V{Z{ ]XcÈ`mg _XV H$aV{.7

4) d{J - H$_rV H$_r d{imV OmïVrV OmïV A¥Va H$m[È`m¾`m

emarnaH$ j_V{cm "d{J' ãhUVmV.8

5) eμVr - H$_rV H$_r d{imV OmïVrV OmïV ]c oZ_m§U

H$aÈ`m¾`m emarnaH$ j_V{cm "eμVr' ãhUVmV.9

6) g_Ûd` - g_Ûd` hr Aer EH$ j_Vm Amh{ H$s, ¿`m_wi{

H$m{UV{hr H$maH$ H$mŸeé` V¥Vm{V¥V[U{ d ghO[U{ H$aU{ eμ` hm{V{ Ag{

H$aVmZm AZ{H$Xr ododY B¥oÎ`m¥Mm d H©$o_H$ ghg¥]¥oYV ïZm w AmHw¥$MZmMm

dm[a H$amdm cmJVm{ d `mMm [naUm_ gm¥Ú`m¥¾`m hmcMmcr¾`m ê`mßrda hm{Vm{.10

¿`m_wi{ gm[{j earapïWVr hmV AmoU [m`m¾`m hmcMmct¾`m g_Ûd`mVyZ Þmß

hm{V{.11

7) 11+ V{ 15+ d`m{JQ>mVrc odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr - [wU{ oOéhm d

H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc J©m_rU d ehar od^mJmVrc emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr

7 D.K. Kansal (1996), 'Test and Measurement in Sport and Physical Education,'(1st ed.) D. V. S. Publication, New Delhi p.109.8 Ibid p.109.9 Ibid p.109.10 D.K.Miller (2002), 'Measurement by the Physical Educator,' (4th ed.), Mc GrawHill, p.188.11. Ibid p.101.

18

O{ 11 df} [yU§, 12 df} [yU§, 13 df} [yU§, 14 df} [yU§ d 15 df} [yU§ `m_Ú`{

g_modí> Amh{V.

8) J©m_rU od^mJ emim - _hmamí«> am¿` _mÚò_H$ d Cƒ

_mÚò_H$ oejU _¥S>i [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya od^mJr` _¥S>i A¥VJ§V g_modí>

_mÛ`Vm Þmß _mÚò_H$ emim¥_YyZ [wU{ oOéömVrc 13 Vmcwμ`m¥_Ú`{ Vg{M

H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11 Vmcwμ`m¥_Ú`{ g_modí> AgUmæ`m `mÏp¾N>H$ [ÓVrZ{

oZdS>c{é`m emim.

9) ehar od^mJ emim - _hmamí«> am¿` _mÚò_H$ d Cƒ

_mÚò_H$ oejU _¥S>i [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya od^mJr` _¥S>i A¥VJ§V g_modí>

_mÛ`Vm Þmß _mÚò_H$ emim¥_YyZ [wU{ _hmZJa[mocH$m Vg{M H$m{éhm[ya

_hmZJa[mocH$m A¥VJ§V g_modí> AgUmæ`m `mÏp¾N>H$ [ÓVrZ{ oZdS>c{é`m

emim.

qghmdcm{H$Z

[ydu Pmc{é`m g¥em{YZm¥Mm [ÓVera[U{ AmT>mdm K{VmZm g¥em{oYH{$Z{

Ahdmc, J©¥W, oZ`VH$mocH{$, BVa ê`μVtM{ Þ]¥Y, oZX}e gyMr d gmam¥e,

dV§_mZ[ÊmVrc c{I `m ïVam¥da dmL>_`mM{ Adcm{H$Z H{$c{c{ Amh{.

19

"emarnaH$ÏìQ>åm gwÏT>' [`m§daU KQ>H$, ahmUr_mZ d \$mdé`md{i{Vrc

ododY C[H©$_m¥¾`m [naUm_m¥Mm Aâ`mg. Vg{M emarnaH$ oejU C[H©$_ d

É`mgmR>r C[cáY gwodYm¥Mr ÞëZmdcrÙma{ _mohVr,_‚mmg¥ïWm odH$mgm¾`m

[najU ,gwÏT> _wc{ d _wct¾`m óoYamo^gaU gwÏT>Vm, H$maH$ H$m §_mZ d

emarnaH$ hmcMmc gh^mJ, emarnaH$ gwÏT>V{da Am®ïQ>{oc`Z _wcm¥da g¥em{YZ

,ïQ>{oc`Z ï[m{Q>§g H$o_eZ¾`m "Q>®c{ÛQ> gM§' H$m §H©$_mA¥VJ§V 20 _r. eQ>c aZ,

OmJ{da C¥M CS>r, 40 _r. pïÞ¦Q> `m MmMÈ`m¥Mr oZdS> ï\$m{Q>H$ VmH$X,

ÞmUdm`waohV j_Vm _m{OÈ`mgmR>r H{$c{cr hm{Vr. d` d qcJmMm Vg{M qcJ

AmoU B`Ìm{Zwgma odMma H{$cm.

‘MANOVA’ g¥¹`memñmVrc Z ïH$m{Aa d MANVA `mMm dm[a gm¥p¹`H$s

odëc{fUmgmR>r H{$cm Amh{. (Jm{éS>, Q>m®_oH$ZgZ d ]{H$a12

)

gwÏT>V{¾`m _yé`_m[ZmZwgma É`mMr _mZH{$ V`ma H$aÈ`mMm Aâ`mg H{$cm J{cm.

(_®H°$Zm®hQ>Z13

) _Ú`_ ,Vrd© emarnaH$ hmcMmct_Yrc gh^mJm¾`m Þ_mUmM{

12 G.Tomkinson. (1997). ‘Ethnoraphic Study of Australian children for talentsearch,’ Pre Olympic Congress International Congress on Sport SicenceSports Medicine and Physical Education Brisbane, Australia.

13‘Comparative Study of Motor Fitness of South & North Tasmanian SchoolStudents, Pre Olympic Congress International Congress on SportSicence Sports Medicine and Physical Education Brisbane, Australia.

20

gd}jU H{$c{.Cƒ _mÚò_H$ emi{Vrc emarnaH$ V¥Xwè$ïVr H$m §H©$_mMm Aâ`mg

H{$cm.

g¥em{oYH{$Z{ Aâ`mgc{é`m g¥X § gmohÉ`m_Ú`{ g¥em{oYH{$Z{ oZdS>c{é`m

odf`mda ^maVmVVar g¥em{YZ Pmc{c{ AmT>iyZ Amc{c{ Zmhr.

g¥em{YZ [ÓVr

ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV _hmamí«>m_Yrc [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{

15+ d`m{JQ>mVrc Jm_rU d ehar odØmÍ`m¾`m H$maH$ j_V{Mm VwcZmÉ_H$

Aâ`mg emñm{μV [ÓVrZ{ H{$c{cm Amh{.

odoeí> dmT>r¾`m d`mV `m{»`ÞH$ma{, ê`m`m_m¥Ùma{ H$maH$ j_V{M{ gd§

KQ>H$ odH$ogV H$aÈ`mg hm Aâ`mg C[ wμV R>a{c. H$maH$j_V{¾`m KQ>H$m¥¾`m

VμÉ`m¥¾`m ghmä`mZ{ [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc Mma C[od^mJm¥Mm VwcZmÉ_H$

Aâ`mg H$aÈ`mg _XV hm{B§c. É`m]m]V godïVa _mohVr `m ÞH$maUmV oXc{cr

Amh{.

21

AmH$S>åm¥M{ ðm{V

ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV g¥em{oYH{$Z{ _hmamí«> am¿` _mÚò_H$ d Cƒ

_mÚò_H$ oejU _¥S>i [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya od^mJr` _¥S>i A¥VJ§V _mÛ`VmÞmß

_mÚò_H$ emim¥_YyZ ehar d J©m_rU od^mJmVrc ododY emim¥_Yrc 11+ V{

15+ d`m{JQ>mVrc EHy$U 13537 odØmWu-odØmoW§ZtMm Aâ`mg H{$cm AgyZ

H$maH$ j_V{¾`m H$gm{Q>åm¥Mm dm[a H$è$Z dU§ZmÉ_H$ g¥em{YZ [ÓVrMm

dm[è$Z VwcZmÉ_H$ Aâ`mg H{$cm.

OZg¥¹`m AmoU Û`mXe§

gZ 2005-2006 [wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc 11+ V{ 15+

d`m{JQ>mVrc emc{ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr hr OZg¥¥¹`m Amh{.

OZg¥¹`{Vrc ÞmoVoZoYH$ Û`mXem§Mr 4 ^mJmV od^mJUr H$aÈ`mV

Amcr.

• [wU{ oOéömVrc J©m_rU od^mJmVrc emim

• [wU{ oOéömVrc ehar od^mJmVrc emim

• H$m{éhm[ya OéömVrc J©m_rU od^mJmVrc emim

• H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc ehar od^mJmVrc emim

22

Û`mXem§Mr oZdS>

`m g¥em{YZmV _hmamí«> am¿` _mÚò_H$ d Cƒ _mÚò_H$ oejU _¥S>i

[wU{ d H$m{éhm[ya od^mJr` _¥S>i A¥VJ§V _mÛ`VmÞmß _mÚò_H$ emim¥Mr `mXr

gZ 2004-05 J©mö YaÈ`mV Amcr. Vg{M [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc

Vmcwμ`m¥_Yrc 5 dr V{ 9 dr¾`m (11+ V{ 15+ d`m{JQ>mVrc) 13537 odØmWu

odØmWuZtMr Û`mXem§Mr `mÏp¾N>H$ Jw¾N> [ÓVrZ{ oZdS> H$aÈ`mV Amcr.

emim¥Mr oZdS>

• `mÏp¾N>H$ [ÓVrZ{ emim¥Mr oZdS> H$aÈ`mV Amcr.

• [wU{ oOéhm eha od^mJmVrc ([wU{ eha, hd{cr VmcwH$m) 10 emim d

Jm_rU od^mJmVrc (BVa VmcwH{$) 10 emim¥Mr `mÏp¾N>H$ [ÓVrZ{

oZdS> H{$cr J{cr. H$m{éhm[ya oOéhm eha od^mJmVrc (H$adra VmcwH$m)

10 emim d Jm_rU od^mJmVrc (BVa VmcwH{$) 10 emim¥Mr `mÏp¾N>H$ >

[ÓVrZ{ oZdS> H{$cr J{cr.

odØmÍ`mMr oZdS>

• `mÏp¾N>H$ Jw¾N> [ÓVrZ{ odØmWu-odØmoW§ZtMr oZdS> H$aÈ`mV Amcr.

23

• Û`mXem§Mr Xm{Z ^mJmV od^mJUr H$aÈ`mV Amcr.

• emi{_Ú`{ C[pïWV C[pïWV gd§ odØmWu-odØmoW§Zr H$gm{Q>r _m[Zm_Ú {

g_modí> H$aÈ`mV Amc{.

• `md{ir H$m{UÉ`mhr ÞH$maMm [j[mV hm{Uma Zmhr `mMr H$miOr K{È`mV

Amcr.

• Û`mXem§Mr od^mJUr Imcrc VμÉ`mV Xe§odcr Amh{.

VμVm H©$. 2 H$m{éhm[ya oOéömVrc odØmWu odØmWuZt

d`m{JQ> odØmWu odØmWuZt( df} ) Jm_rU ehar EHy$U Jm_rU ehar EHy$U

11 263 327 590 288 325 613 12 274 306 580 282 326 608 13 280 322 602 278 330 608

14 276 327 603 259 331 590 15 290 346 636 285 337 622

EHy$U 1383 1628 3011 1392 1649 3041 EHy$U 6052

24

VμVm H©$. 3[wU{ oOéömVrc odØmWu odØmWuZt

d`m{JQ> odØmWu odØmWuZt

( df} ) Jm_rU ehar EHy$U Jm_rU ehar EHy$U

11 345 486 831 226 255 481 12 433 424 857 353 255 608 13 326 514 840 362 305 667 14 544 556 1100 415 262 677 15 450 418 868 310 246 556

EHy$U 2098 2398 4496 1666 1323 2989 EHy$U 7485

H$m{éhm[ya d [wU{ oOéömVrc odØmWu odØmWuZt EHy$U =13537

g¥em{YZmMr gmYZ{

H$gm{Q>r oZdS>

g¥em{oYH{$Z{ BVa g¥em{YZm¾`m Aâ`mgmdè$Z H$maH$ j_V{¾`m Imcrc 5

KQ>H$m¥¾`m H$gm{Q>åm¥M{ _yé`_m[Z H$aÈ`mM{ oZpëMV H{$c{.

H$maH$ j_V{M{ 5 KQ>H$ -

1. ÞoVoH©$`m d{i [Ã>r [H$S>U{ H$gm{Q>r

2. oXemo^_wIVm eQ>c aZ H$gm{Q>r

3. d{J 50 _r. YmdU{ H$gm{Q>r

4. eμVr Câ`mZ{cm¥] CS>r H$gm{Q>r

5. g_Ûd` Xm{ar¾`m CS>åm H$gm{Q>r

25

• H$gm{Q>åm¥Mr oZdS> H$aVmZm Imcrc Jm{í>r odMmamV K{Vé`m.

1. H$gm{Q>åm K{È`mg d oZ`m{OZmg ghO gm{Ý`m Amh{V.

2. H$_r d{i cmJVm{.

3. IM§ H$_rVH$_r cmJVm{.

4. H$_r OmJm/H©$sS>m¥JUmMr Amdë`H$Vm Amh{. (C[cáY OmJ{V

K{Vm `{VmV.

5. emarnaH$ oejU oejH$mg EH$Q>åmcm K{U{ ghO eμ` hm{V{.

_mohVr Jm{im H$aÈ`mMm AmamIS>m OmZ{. 2005 V{ _mM§ 2006

1. emim¥Mr [admZJr

12 OmZ{dmar 2005 V{ 22 OmZ{. 2005

2. [wU{ oOéhm

[wU{ oOéhm ehar H$mcmdYr OwcŸ V{ gÝQ>|]a 2005.

3. H$m{éhm[ya oOéhm

H$m{éhm[ya oOéhm ehar H$mcmdYr OmZ{dmar 2006

H$m{éhm[ya oOéhm J©m_rU H$mcmdYr \{$]©wdmar 1 _mM§ 2006

26

odëdgZr`Vm

_mohVr Jm{im H$aÈ`mgmR>r 10 ÞoeojV E_. ES>. (em.oe.) [Xdr¾`m

odØmÍ`mMr Vg{M 5 emarnaH$ oejU Vkm¥Mr _XV K{È`mV Amcr. `m gd§

_XVoZgm¥Zm AMyH$ _m[ZmM{ d `m{»` ÞoejU X{È`mV Amc{. ÞoejUmZ¥Va

ÞÉ {H$ ÞoejH$mg 20 odØmÍ`m¾`m AZw d ïVamda gd§ MmMÈ`m¥M{ _m[Z d

Zm|Xr K{È`mg gm¥oJVé`m.

ÞoejUmWvMr odëdgoZ`Vm 0.85 V{ 0.95 BVH$s AgyZ Vr 0.01

gmW§H$Vm ïVamda gmW§H$ Amh{ Ag{ oXgyZ Amc{.

[WXeu Aâ`mgmVyZ H$gm{Q>rMr odëdgoZ`Vm 0.85 V{ 0.95 BVH$s

AgyZ Vr 0.01 gmW§H$Vm ïVamda gmW§H$ Amh{ Ag{ oXgyZ Amc{.

H$gm{Q>r K{V AgVmZm g¥em{oYH{$g C[pïWV Pmc{c{ ÞëZ d

g¥em{oYH{$Z{ H$mT>c{c{ _mJ§ -

1. gd§ emim¥¾`m K¥Q>{¾`m d{im[ÊH$mV qH$dm emarnaH$ oejUm¾`m VmogH{$V

H$gm{Q>r g¥[U{ eμ` ZêhV{. Aemd{ir _w¹`mÚ`m[H$ d BVa oejH$m¥Mr

[admZJr K{D$Z d{i dmT>dyZ K{Vcr.

27

2. ehar od^mJmVrc Vg{M J©m_rU od^mJmVrc H$mhr emim¥_Ú { [wa{g{

_ŸXmZ C[cáY ZêhV{. Aemd{ir \$μV Aâ`mgmVyZ d{J (50

_r.YmdU{)`m H$gm{Q>rgmR>r gwaojV Aem aïÉ`mMm dm[a H{$cm.

3. J©m_rU ^mJmV H$mhr emim¥¾`m odØmÍ`m¨Zm `m{»` JUd{e qH$dm ]wQ>

ZêhV{.

[a¥Vw odØmÍ`mZm É`m [napïWVrMr gd` Agé`mZ{ É`m¥Zr Vem

[napïWVrV H$gm{Q>r X{È`mg V`mar XmIodcr.

4. H$mhr odØmWu ï[Y}gmR>r J{c{ hm{V{ d H$mhr emim¥_Ú { BVa emc{

H$m §H©$_m¥_Ú { ê`ïV hm{V{. V{ d{im[ÊH$mZwgma hOa amhý eH$c{ Zmhr.

Aem d{ir eμ` Ag{c V{W{ [wÛhm OmD$Z H$gm{Q>åm K{Vé`m.

5. J©m_rU od^mJmV I{iVmZm [ydu H$YrVar 2 _wc{ XJmdcr hm{Vr. Ia¥Va

É`mM{ H$maU d{Ji{ hm{V{. É`m_wi{ BVa emc{ odØmWu H$gm{Q>rgmR>r V`ma

ZêhV{.

V{êhm g¥em{oYH{$Z{ ê`m`m_mM{ _hÌd gm¥JyZ odØmÍ`mZm odëdmgmV K{Vc{ d

É`m¥Zm H$gm{Q>rgmR>r V`ma H{$c{.

28

6. _m[ZmMr Zm|X H$aVmZm EH$m odØmÍ`m¾`m [a\$m®_§ÛgrMr Zm|X Xwgæ`m

odØmÍ`m¾`m Zmdmda Pmcr. [a¥Vw [maXe§H$ Zm|Xr_wi{ odØmÍ`mZr

ïdV‘Z{ oZXe§Zmg AmUyZ oXc{.

oZì[Ìmr

ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmVrc ÞoVoH©$`m d{i_Yrc H1.3, H1.6, H1.8,

oXemo^_wIVm_Ú { H2.8, d{J `m KQ>H$m_Yrc H3.7,H3.14, eμVr `m KQ>H$m_Yrc H4.6,

d g_Ûd` `m KQ>H$mVrc H5.2, H5.14 `m [naH$é[Zm¥_Ú`{ g¥¹`memñr`ÏìQ>åm

gmW§H$ \$aH$ AmT>icm Zmhr. ãhUyZ `m [naH$é[Zm¥Mm É`mJ H$aÈ`mV Amcm

Amh{ d BVa [naH$é[Zm¥_Ú { g¥¹`memñr`ÏìQ>åm gmW§H$ \$aH$ AmT>ié`mZ{

É`m¥Mm pïdH$ma H$aÈ`mV Amcm Amh{.

Þ_wI oZìH$f§

1. ÞïVwV g¥em{YZmV [wU{ oOéhm d H$m{éhm[ya 11+ V{ 15+ d`m{JQ>mVrc

EHy$U emc{ odØmÍ`m¾`m H$maH$ j_V{¾`m KQ>H$m¥Mm H$gm{Q>åm¥¾`m ghmä`mZ{

Aâ`mg H aÈ`mV Amcm. `mdè$Z Ag{ AmT>iyZ Amc{ H$s, H$m{éhm[ya oOéömM{

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29

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33

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34

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12 df} d`m{JQ> 43.26% 44.60% 44.93% 52.10% 50.25%

13 df} d`m{JQ> 36% 44.86% 44.06% 45.87% 49.92%

14 df} d`m{JQ> 44.44% 44.93% 37.56% 50.08% 50.35%

15 df} d`m{JQ> 36.25% 44.90% 40.52% 51% 49.96%

35

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