Global Health Cluster Orientation Package

Module 3:

Humanitarian Financing

Module 3: Learning Objectives

On completion of this module participants will have a good understanding of:

• Existing humanitarian financing mechanisms: i.e. FLASH, CAP, CERF, and ERF

• How Health Cluster partners can contribute to and benefit from these finance mechanisms

• How these finance mechanisms fit into overall strategy, development and planning at country level

The Health Cluster Guide

The Global Health Cluster has developed a practical guide for country-level implementation of the Health Cluster

Available in English and French:www.who.int/hac/global_health_cluster/guide

• online• hard copy• CD/ROM

The 3 Pillars of the Humanitarian Reform

Built on strong and consistent PARTNERSHIPS between UN and non-UN actors

Strengthening Humanitarian

Financing

Adequate, timely and flexible

financing

The Cluster Approach

Adequate capacity and predictable leadership in all

sectors

Strengthening Humanitarian Coordination

Effective leadership and coordination in humanitarian emergencies

Need for:

• Predictable & timely funding • Diversity and complementary

of various funding mechanisms

• Equitable and transparent funding modalities for UN and non- UN agencies

• Strategies and channels for disbursement, which does not inhibit, and is not detrimental, to partnerships

Humanitarian

Financing

The Health Cluster at Country level

A major part of the work of Health Cluster partners at country level is to:

• agree strategic plans• identify funding• submit proposals to finance mechanisms and

donors

Overview

1. Appeal Mechanisms

• FLASH

• Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP)

• Pledging conferences – in country, internationally or in agencies Head Office

Overview (2)2. Funding sources

• Donor Alerts• Pooled Funds

Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)

OCHA Expanded Humanitarian Response Fund (ERF)

• Bilateral Funding• Agencies' own emergency funds• Other sources of funding

1. APPEAL MECHANISMS

1. Appeal mechanisms FLASH• A tool for structuring a strategic and

coordinated humanitarian response for the first three to six months of an emergency, and for mobilizing the necessary resources from donors

• Provides an overview of urgent life-saving needs within a week of the emergency's onset

1. Appeal mechanismsFLASH - The basic principles

• The Cluster Lead Agency /Health Cluster Coordinator is responsible for submitting to the Humanitarian Coordinator an initial response plan for the health sector that is prepared in collaboration with health partners and in consultation with the MoH

• The plan includes an initial health crisis response strategy, a statement on roles and responsibilities, and outlines of specific proposed projects – all based on available information, rapid needs assessments, early estimates and best guesses

• The plan should focus on urgent life-saving needs plus whatever early recovery projects can be identified

• The Flash Appeal may include projects from:UN agenciesI/NGOsNational Red Cross or Red Crescent Society

• Government ministries cannot appeal for funds directly in a flash appeal, but can be partners in UN or NGO projects

1. Appeal mechanismsFLASH - The basic principles

• A planning and fundraising tool for the coordination, implementation and monitoring of humanitarian activities in chronic or complex emergencies, or natural disasters

• The CAP is prepared when the Emergency Relief Coordinator (ERC) and IASC decide, in consultation with the Humanitarian Coordinator and the IASC Country Team, that a consolidated approach to resource mobilization is needed

1. Appeal mechanismsConsolidated Appeal Process (CAP)

• Is developed in country and led by the Health Cluster

• The process typically takes about a month

• It is a joint collaborative process involving the Cluster Lead Agency, Health Cluster Coordinator and health cluster partners

1. Appeal mechanismsCAP – The basic principles

• Identifies inter-sectoral priorities and contains the response strategy

• Forms the health section of the Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP) and proposes projects corresponding to the agreed priorities and strategy

• Projects are monitored in a mid-year review

1. Appeal mechanismsCAP – The basic principles

1. Appeal mechanismsImportant Point

The health sector components of Joint Response Plans, Flash Appeals and Consolidated Appeals should be prepared through collaborative processes, led by the Health Cluster Coordinator, and involving as many health cluster partners as possible, including the MOH

1. Appeal mechanismsParticipating in the CAP

• Become a Health Cluster Partner• Attend the Health Cluster planning meetings• Ideally the Health Cluster should be co-chaired by

the Health Cluster Coordinator and the MOH or an NGO

• Participate in the preparation of the health section of the CHAP

• Jointly agree clear criteria for the inclusion of projects

• Jointly agree on the projects to be included

• Liaise with other clusters – particularly nutrition and WASH

1. Appeal mechanismsParticipating in the CAP

Funding raised through appeal mechanisms

Health Sector: funding received and shortfall for all appeals

37%

63%

Received

Shortfall

2. FUNDING SOURCES

• Issued between 24-72 hours of the emergency by WHO

• Consists of 2-3 pages describing the nature of the crisis, its impact on the health status of the population, and an estimation of needs

• Posted on WHO website and circulated to donors

2. Funding sourcesDonor alerts

• The CERF is a stand-by fund established by the UN for more timely, reliable and equitable funding

• It complements (does not replace) Flash and CAP

• CERF grants are a funding source for rapid response and under-funded emergencies

• Only UN agencies can submit requests for CERF funding, NGOs are not eligible to access CERF funds directly

2. Funding sourcesCentral Emergency Response Fund (CERF)

• Rapid response operations (FLASH)– Acute crises / 6 months

• Under-funded emergencies (CAP)

– Chronic emergencies / calendar year

2. Funding sourcesCERF Windows

Flash Appeal

Consolidated Appeal

Issued 2-4 days after emergency for up to 3-6 months

Issued within 3-6 months of emergency, and annually as needed

CERF: Filing the GAP

2. Funding sourcesCERF Windows

• FOR LIFE SAVING ACTIVITIES ONLY !• Does not cover:

Recurrent costs Regular agency stockpilingGeneral preparedness activitiesGeneral early warningCapacity building

2. Funding sourcesCERF Key points

• The Health Cluster should establish criteria for projects collaboratively with MOH and partners

• Proposed projects should be: Based on needs assessments, Essential for the humanitarian response Life saving as defined by the mandate of the

CERF Able to be completed within implementation

period

2. Funding sourcesCERF Project selection

• Provides quickly-disbursed funds for international and national humanitarian implementing organisations (I/NNGOs) to respond to identified humanitarian priorities within the context of the Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP)

2. Funding sourcesOCHA Expanded Humanitarian Response Fund (ERF)

• For natural disasters and complex conflict related crises

• Supports short term projects up to six months in duration

• Managed by the UN Humanitarian Coordinator (HC) and administered by UN OCHA

2. Funding sourcesOCHA Expanded Humanitarian Response Fund (ERF)

• Bilateral funding: (e.g. ECHO, USAID, AusAID, DFID, CIDA, Governments)

• Agency funding: (e.g. South East Asia Regional Health Emergency Fund, Regional Director’s Development Programme Funds, trusts and private sector)

2. Funding sourcesOther sources

• Common Humanitarian Funds - for specific countries

• Multiple Donors Trust Fund• Community Peace and Stability Fund• UN Development Assistance Framework

(UNDAF) - for recovery activities

2. Funding sourcesOther sources

• Planning: develop a country CHAP with a prioritization of activities (life-saving, recovery, etc), including input from partners

• Inter-agency work: proactively advocate for more funding to health priorities (shared responsibility for meeting with donors and partners)

• Allocation of resources: partners should meet to decide on the allocation of funds available

• Monitoring and reporting: on WHO and partners activities

2. Funding sourcesAccessing & disbursing pooled funds

Module 3: Humanitarian FundingKey Message (1)

• Partners can have access to funds through these mechanisms

• Funding proposals MUST be consistent with the relevant finance mechanism requirements and compliant with the relevant cluster strategic plan and needs assessments

• Partners should ensure that their agency proposals and projects are considered by the country health cluster by proactively engaging with the Health Cluster and ensuring that appropriate senior representatives attend the meetings of the Health Cluster

Module 3: Humanitarian FundingKey Message (2)

Resources

• Health Cluster Guide www.who.int.hac.globalhealthcluster

• http://ochaonline.un.org/Coordination/ConsolidatedAppealsProcess/tabid/1100/language/en-US/Default.aspx

• http://cerf.un.org

Discussion & Questions