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Global Carbon Budget 2019Fossil CO2 emissions grow more slowly... but do not yet decline

Natural gas and oil now drive global emissions growth

�e rise in atmospheric CO2 causes climate change

CoalOilGas Land

Emissions growth in the last 10 years was slower than in the previous 10 years because of slower growth of coal

CO2emissions

need to decline rapidly to net-zero

around mid-century to pursue the

Paris Agreement 1.5°C goal

2000-2009 per year +3%

2010-2018 per year

+0.9%

2019 projection+0.6%

(-0.2 to +1.5)

Gas2019

projection

+2.6%(+1.3 to +3.9)

Oil2019

projection

+0.9%(+0.3 to +1.6)

Coal2019

projection

-0.9%(-2.0 to +0.2)

�e global carbon cycle 2009-2018

Continued support for low-carbon technologies needs to be combined with policies that phase out fossil fuels.

Deforestation �res in 2019 drive emissions up on land

201719982017199820171998

2019projection

1998 2018

CO2 emissions grow amidst slowly emerging climate policies

Anthropogenic �uxes 2009-2018 average GtCO2

per year

Carbon cyclingGtCO2 per year

Stocks GtCO2

Land CO2 (deforestation)Fossil CO2 Biosphere Ocean

440

12

330

330

9

440

60.5

(33-37)

(3-8)

(9-14)(7-11)

35

+18

Budget imbalance +2

Surface sediments

Organiccarbon

Marinebiota Dissolved

inorganiccarbon

PermafrostSoils

Vegetation

Atmospheric CO2

Gas reserves

Oil reserves

Coal reserves

4000

Uncertainty range

Uncertainty range

Land

Other gas use

BuildingsIndustry

Electricity& Heat

Otheroil use

Aviation& Shipping

Roadtransport

0

2

4

6

8

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

1999 2010 20152005 2018

Other coal use

Industry

Electricity& Heat

140,000

20

25

30

35

40

Produced by the Global Carbon Project based on Friedlingstein et al. Earth System Science Data (2019).Written and edited by Corinne Le Quéré (UEA) with the Global Carbon Budget team. Graphics by Nigel Hawtin. Infographic funded by the European Commission VERIFY (776810) project.

GtCO2/yr

GtCO2/yr

GtCO2/yr

Source: Global Carbon Project based on UNFCCC/CDIAC/BP/USGS. Units: Billion tonnes of carbon dioxide per year (GtCO2/yr)

Source: 2019 projection by the Global Carbon Project. Trend to 2017 based on data from the IEA (2019) CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, www.iea.org/statistics. All rights reserved.