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GK BOOSTER CAPSULE – NOVEMBER
2018
2
Table of Contents
1. Banks in NEWS ............................................................................................................................................. 4
2. Digital Initiatives by Banks ............................................................................................................................ 5
3. Mergers in Indian Banking Industry ............................................................................................................... 8
4. Indian Currency Notes .................................................................................................................................. 9
5. Currency Printing & Coin Minting in India.................................................................................................... 10
6. Types of Banking......................................................................................................................................... 10
7. Digital Banking ............................................................................................................................................ 12
9. Monetary Policies ....................................................................................................................................... 14
10. Important Acts ......................................................................................................................................... 14
11. Important Financial Institutions ............................................................................................................... 15
12. NBFCs ..................................................................................................................................................... 18
13. Electoral Bonds ......................................................................................................................................... 19
14. Electronic Fund Transfer at Point of Sale ................................................................................................... 19
15. Priority Sector Lending .............................................................................................................................. 19
16. KYC ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
17. NPA and Recovery .................................................................................................................................... 20
18. Financial Inclusion .................................................................................................................................... 21
19. Banking Ombudsman Scheme ................................................................................................................... 22
20. Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................... 23
21. Capital Market .......................................................................................................................................... 23
22. Money Market .......................................................................................................................................... 25
23. Basel Norms ............................................................................................................................................. 26
24. Maharatna, Navratna & Miniratna Category of PSEs ................................................................................. 26
25. List of International Airports in India ......................................................................................................... 27
26. List of Revolutions in India ........................................................................................................................ 29
27. Indian & International Bank Taglines ......................................................................................................... 29
28. Union Cabinet Ministers & their Constituency ........................................................................................... 30
29. Census 2011 ............................................................................................................................................. 31
30. Rivers, Dams & States ............................................................................................................................... 32
31. List of Major Ports in India ........................................................................................................................ 33
32. Major Atomic/Thermal/Hydro Power Plants.............................................................................................. 34
33. List of Upcoming Sports Venues ................................................................................................................ 35
34. List of New Appointments ......................................................................................................................... 37
35. National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries ........................................................................................................ 38
36. Important Days ......................................................................................................................................... 40
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37. Joint Military Exercises .............................................................................................................................. 41
38. Reports & Indices...................................................................................................................................... 42
39. Classical Folk Dances ................................................................................................................................. 42
40. Stock Exchanges Around the World ........................................................................................................... 43
41. Nick Names of Cities ................................................................................................................................ 43
42. International Organisations & Headquarters ............................................................................................. 44
43. Famous Temples ...................................................................................................................................... 44
44. Stadiums in India ...................................................................................................................................... 45
45. Boundary Lines ........................................................................................................................................ 45
46. Books & Authors ...................................................................................................................................... 46
47. Nobel Prize Winners 2018 ....................................................................................................................... 47
48. UNESCO World Heritage Site .................................................................................................................... 47
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1. Banks in NEWS
ICICI Bank • ICICI Bank terminated the contract of
former managing director and CEO Chanda Kochhar for violating the bank’s code of conduct. Ms. Kochhar, assumed charge as MD and CEO of ICICI Bank on May 1, 2009 and resigned in October 2018.
• ICICI Securities and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) has launched 'eATM' facility to enable users to receive the pay-out within 30 minutes of selling the shares. The new service would have a cap of ₹50,000 per client a day and would be applicable on about 600 stocks listed on the BSE
ESAF Small Finance Bank Ltd • ESAF is now ‘scheduled bank’ ESAF Small
Finance Bank Ltd has received the RBI’s approval for inclusion in the second schedule of the RBI Act, 1934.
Chairman - R Prabha Headquarters - Thrissur, Kerala. Reserve Bank of India • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) relaxed the
restrictions placed on the City Co-operative Bank Ltd. by allowing the depositors to withdraw ₹5,000.
City Co-operative Bank Ltd. Chairman - Anandrao Adsul Headquarters – Mumbai • The Reserve Bank of India launched a
'Survey on Retail Payment Habits of Individuals (SRPHi)' on 26 December 2018. The survey will be conducted in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Guwahati.
• RBI has shortlisted TCS, Wipro, IBM India, Capgemini Technology Services India, Dun & Bradstreet Information Services India, and Mindtree Ltd. to set up a digital Public Credit Registry (PCR).
• RBI has set up a six-member 'Economic Capital framework' Committee headed by former RBI Governor Bimal Jalan along with members Subash Chandra Garg, Economic Affairs Secretary, N.S. Vishwanathan, RBI Deputy Governor and two board members of the RBI.
• RBI has tweaked the Gold Monetisation Scheme and now it has been extended to charitable institutions, Central Government, State Government or any other entity owned by the Government.
• RBI to cut SLR gradually to 18% by mid-2019. The current SLR is 19.5%.
SLR is the portion of funds which banks are required to maintain in the form of gold reserves and the government approved securities.
Punjab National Bank (PNB) • PNB has partnered with the Uttar Pradesh
government to create a model for digitization at Kumbh Mela 2019. For convenient and hassle-free transactions at these shops, the bank has created the 'PNB Rupay' card which works even without the internet.
• PNB has signed an MoU with Indian Army on the Defence Salary Package to provide free ‘RAKSHAK PLUS’ Scheme. PNB will provide overdraft facility range from Rs 0.75 to 3.0 lakhs, multicity ‘At Par’ cheques, instant credit of outstation cheques, preferential allotment of lockers at concessional AMC and free SMS alerts.
IDFC First Bank • IDFC Bank has been merged with NBFC
'Capital First' on 18 December 2018. Now it will be known as 'Capital First'.
MD & CEO - V. Vaidyanathan Part-time Chairman - Rajiv Lall India Post Bank • India Post Payments Bank has launched
internet banking services for all the Post Office Savings Bank (POSB) account holders on 14 December 2018.
Indian Bank • Indian Bank was imposed a fine of Rs 1
crore on for violating cybersecurity norms on 11 December 2018 by RBI.
IndusInd Bank
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• IndusInd Bank’s Romesh Sobti, MD & CEO has been selected as the Business Standard Banker of the Year for 2017-18. He received this award earlier in 2013-14.
• IndusInd Bank’s Romesh Sobti, MD & CEO has been selected as the ‘Business Standard Banker’ of the Year for 2017-18. He received this award earlier in 2013-14.
YES Bank • Yes Bank has partnered with Government of
Maharashtra to empower more than 20,000 ration shops i.e. e-PDS which can offer last mile basic banking services to more than seven lakh beneficiaries.
Bank of Maharashtra • BoM has been imposed an Rs 1-crore fine by
RBI for non-compliance of 'Know Your Customer' guidelines and fraud-classification norms.
State Bank of India • SBI will cease to be EPFO fund manager for
retirement fund by the end of March 2019. As to RBI rules, a bank cannot function as an asset management company.
Currently, SBI, ICICI Securities Primary Dealership, Reliance Capital, HSBC AMC and UTI AMC are fund managers of the EPFO.
• SBI Life has signed a bancassurance pact
with Allahabad Bank on 31 December 2018
to sell SBI Life Insurance products through various branches of Allahabad Bank.
• Bancassurance is an arrangement through which an insurance company can sell its products through a bank.
SBI Life Insurance CEO & MD - Sanjeev Nautiyal
• The State Bank of India’s UK chief Mr. Sanjiv
Chadha has been honoured with the
‘Freedom of the City Of London’ by the city of London Corporation in recognition of his
contribution to promoting the bilateral
relations.
• Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was the previous
Indian recipient of this award and other recipient includes author JK Rowling and
actor Dame Judi Dench.
Samruddhi Corridor Nagpur-Mumbai 'Samruddhi Corridor' expressway project to be financed by PNB, LIC, BoB, Bank of Maharashtra led by SBI. SBI has agreed to lend the highest amount, 8,500 crore rupees. NABARD NABARD under the Companies Act has set up a venture capital entity, 'NABVENTURES Ltd'. to provide early-stage capital to agriculture and rural enterprises. Chairman - Harsh Kumar Bhanwala Headquarters - Mumbai.
2. Digital Initiatives by Banks
Bank Scheme and Apps
AIRTEL + Axis Bank
Airtel Money
Axis Bank Power Salute: Banking Offers exclusive to Defence Personnel
‘Axis Aha!’: Artificial Intel & machine learning led chatbot to carry out transactions based on conversations.
Asha Home Loans: Tailor-made for people buying their 1st homes.
LIME App: Country’s 1st App which is a Digital Wallet with payments, banking and shopping facilities.
Based on mobile banking transactions, Axis Bank topped the chart by the value of transaction accounting 17.2% of the total mobile banking transaction, according to SBI
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annual report.
Axis bank launched Kisan credit card through which farmers can avail credit upto 250 lakh for a maximum term of 5 years. Card is also giving benefit of insurance coverage of
upto Rs 50000/-
Bank of India Instant Money Transfer(IMT): Send payments /cash withdrawal approvals through banks/ATMs using mobile number & secret code. Receiver need not be BOI account holder.
Initiator of ‘Indian Green Card’ for farmers. Started in 1980s.
Bank of Maharashtra
‘Maha Millionaire, Maha Lakhpati’: RD scheme as there is no TDS on interest earned by the depositor in Recurring Deposits.
Canara Bank MWallet-enables you to view wallet balances, ATM Locator, Branch Locator, transfer
funds between accounts to wallet and wallet to wallet within the bank
Citi Bank Introduced voice biometrics authentication system for its phone banking clients,
replacing current practice of interactive voice response.
Launched instant chat services for its customers named Citibank Online. It is first such
customer support service in India by a Bank.
HDFC Chatbot service OnChat. It allows users to make payments through Facebook
Messenger
IRA (Intelligent Robotic Assistant), a ‘humanoid’ at its Mumbai branch
Pragati for low income group families
Payzapp is an all-in-one mobile payment and money transfer app.
ICICI EazyPay App for merchants. It allows all in one acceptance payments platform
‘Saral Rural Housing Loan’ Scheme
India’s first ‘Transparent Credit Card’ in association with American Express
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Student Travel Card
ICICI M-Pesa along with Vodafone
Karnataka Bank
KBL Suraksha: Personal accident insurance scheme for savings bank account holders
Karnataka Bank has launched KBL- Deposit Only Card for their Current account or
overdraft customer which will help them in hassle free cash deposit transaction at the
bank.
Kerala Gramin Bank
FI@School Program: Propagates financial literacy among school children
Kotak Mahindra Bank
KayPay: Facebook-based funds transfer platform
Kotak Bharat - mobile banking app
Launched Airtel payment banks in association with Airtel.
Punjab National Bank
Contactless Credit Card Wave N Pay (on Visa Platinum platform), for transactions up to
INR 2000
RBL Bank India’s first credit card exclusively for GOLF LOVERS
‘Aadhaar Payment Bridge System’ (APBS) for small ticket microfinance loan
disbursement
SBI MobiCash Mobile Wallet, in association with Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).
Boutique Financing SCHEME
E-wallet-Buddy: First Indian Mobile Wallet Application available in 13 Languages.
YONO (You Only Need One App)- One app for all the banking, shopping and investment
needs.
SBI-Intouch-Digital branches across the country with an aim to offer advanced banking
services like instant loan approvals, assistance in choosing investment portfolios and
access to latest mutual funds among others.
Vijaya Bank 3 innovative apps VPAYQWIK, Vijaya *99# and VeConnect+
Yes Bank ‘Yes Mobile 2.0’ a new mobile banking app with multiple more features and support for banking transactions on Apple and Android based Smart Watches
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‘SIMsePAY’ service: It allows any account holder to do money transfers, pay utility bills and other mobile banking services, without any smart phones or internet, based on sim
sleeve technology
Unique Customizable Savings Account to enable customers to design an account as per
their convenience
Corporation Bank
Corporation Bank. has obtained the ‘‘Investor Relations Awards 2018’ under the category Best Expectation Management (Mid Cap) for the financial-year 2017-18.
Bank of Baroda Bank of Baroda has given the direction to IT majors IBM & Accenture to create an IT
Centre of Excellence (ITCoE) and Analytics Centre of Excellence (ACoE) as part of the
bank’s strategy to use technology to drive growth.
PayTM Paytm introduced automatic recurring payments, a new feature that lets users
configure the payments app to pay for periodic recurring expenses automatically
3. Mergers in Indian Banking Industry
Name of the Banks Acquired
Name of the Banks that got Merged
Year of Merging
IDFC First IDFC & Capital
First 2019
New Regional Rural Bank
Punjab Gramin Bank, Malwa
Gramin Bank, and Sutlej Gramin Bank
2019
Bank of Baroda Dena Bank, Vijaya
Bank, Bank of Baroda
2018
SBI
Bharatiya Mahila Bank (BMB)
2017
State Bank of Travancore (SBT)
2017
State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur
(SBBJ) 2017
State Bank of 2017
Hyderabad (SBH)
State Bank of Mysore (SBM)
2017
State Bank of Patiala (SBP)
2017
Kotak Mahindra Bank
ING Vysya Bank 2016
ICICI Bank Bank of Rajasthan 2010
State Bank of India
State Bank of Indore
2009
State Bank of India
State Bank of Saurashtra
2008
HDFC Bank Centurion Bank of
Punjab 2008
Centurion Bank of Punjab
Lord Krishna Bank 2007
Indian Overseas Bank
Bharat Overseas Bank
2007
IDBI Bank United Western 2006
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Bank Ltd.
Federal Bank Ganesh Bank of
Kurundwad 2006
Centurion Bank Bank of Punjab
(BoP) 2005
IDBI Bank Limited
IDBI Limited 2005
Oriental Bank of Commerce
Global Trust Bank (GTB)
2004
Punjab National Bank
Nedungadi Bank 2003
Bank of Baroda Benares State Bank 2002
ICICI Bank Limited
ICICI Limited 2002
ICICI Bank Bank of Madura 2001
HDFC Bank Times Bank 2000
Union Bank of India
Sikkim Bank 1999
State Bank of India
Kashinath State Bank
1995
Bank of India Bank of Karad 1994
Punjab National Bank
New Bank of India 1993
State Bank of India
Bank of Cochin 1985
Canara Bank Lakshmi 1985
Commercial Bank
Bank of Baroda South Gujarat
Local Area Bank 2004
Bank of Baroda Bareilly
Corporation Bank Ltd.
1998
Oriental Bank of Commerce
Bari Doab Bank Ltd
1997
Oriental Bank of Commerce
Punjab Co-operative Bank
1997
Allahabad Bank United Industrial
Bank Limited 1989
Central Bank of India
Purvanchal Bank Ltd.
1990
Bank of India Parur Central Bank
Ltd. 1990
State Bank of India
National Bank of Lahore Ltd.
1970
State Bank of India
Bank of Bihar Ltd 1969
Punjab National Bank
Hindustan Commercial Bank
Ltd. 1986
Indian Bank Bank of Thanjavur
Ltd 1990
Bank of Baroda Traders Bank Ltd 1988
Indian Overseas Bank
Bank of Tamil Nadu
1990
4. Indian Currency Notes
Currency
Notes
Dimen-
sions (mm)
Motifs/
Design
Colour
10 63x123 Sun temple Chocolate
brown
50 66x135 Hampi with
Chariot
Fluorescent
Blue
100 66×142 Rani Ki Vav Lavender
200 66x146 Sanchi
Stupa
Bright
Yellow
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500 44x150 Red Fort Stone Grey
2000 66x166 Mangalyaan Magenta
5. Currency Printing & Coin Minting in India
Currency Printing and Coin Minting in India is mainly catered by two organisations, namely Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited (BRBNMPL) and Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited (SPMCIL). Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of RBI supplying a major portion of bank note requirement in India. The BRBNMPL was incorporated as a Private Limited Company on 3rd February 1995. It has two currency presses under it, Mysore - The demand for banknotes has been steadily increasing. To bridge the demand and supply gap, the Government of India decided to establish the new bank note printing press at Mysore(Karnataka). Salboni – Salboni or Salbani, situtated in West Bengal is the second unit under BRBNMPL. The present capacity of both the presses is around 16 million note pieces per year. The Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt Ltd made a world record in the financial year 2016-17 by printing more than 20,000 million pieces of bank notes. Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Ltd is wholly owned Mini-Ratna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under Government of India. It was established on 13th January 2006 in New Delhi. SPMCIL prints bank notes not only for India but also for foreign countries like Iraq, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar
and Bhutan. It has following Currency Presses and Coin Mints under it, Nashik - The bank note printing in India started in 1928 with the establishment of India Security Press at Nashik by Government of India. Dewas (MP) - The second bank note printing press was established in Dewas (Madhya
Pradesh) in 1975 by Government of India.
Coin Minting in India
Mumbai - It was established in 1829.
Bombay(Mumbai) Mint has a diamond under the date of the coin(year of issue).
Alipore (Kolkata) - It was established in 1757.
Kolkata mint has no mark under the date of the
coin(year of issue).
Saifabad (Hyderabad) - It was established in the
17th century. Hyderabad Mint has a star under the date of the coin(year of issue). The other
mint marks from Hyderabad include a split
diamond and a dot in the diamond.
Cherlapally (Hyderabad) - It was established in the 17th century. Hyderabad Mint has a star
under the date of the coin(year of issue). The
other mint marks from Hyderabad include a
split diamond and a dot in the diamond.
Noida (UP) - It was established in 1988. Noida mint has a dot under the year of issue(coin
date).
6. Types of Banking
Merchant Banking (1) Deals in commercial loans and investments. (2) Purpose: Facilitate and/or finance production and trade of commodities. (3) Offerings: Issue management, portfolio management, credit syndication, acceptance credit, counsel on mergers and acquisitions, insurance, etc.
Overseas Banking (1) The kind of banking in which bank operates its branches outside India. It Provides and ensures stateside like banking services and specialized services required to conduct financial transactions.
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(2) Offerings: Online loan application system that reduces the need for paperwork and provides customers with instant loan decision.
Offshore Banking (1) Bank accepts currencies of countries abroad. (2) Provides financial and legal benefits like privacy and minimal taxation.
Islamic Banking (1) Islamic banking is a kind of banking activity which strictly follows the principles of the Islamic law (Sharia). (2) A better and more apt term for Islamic banking is Sharia Compliant Finance. In late 2008, a committee on Financial Sector Reforms, headed by former RBI governor Raghuram Rajan, had stressed on the need for a closer look at the issue of interest-free banking in the country. However, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has decided not to pursue a proposal for introduction of Islamic banking in the country.
Para banking (1) Activities which are excluded from routine bank-work (deposits, withdrawals, giving credit, etc.) are para banking activities. (2) Banks can undertake certain eligible financial services or activities. (3) Para Banking activities which for banks are limited to those permitted by RBI. (4) Example: Insurance, portfolio management services, to become pension fund managers, mutual funds business, money market mutual funds, underwriting of bonds of PSUs, investment in venture capital funds, etc.
Narrow Banking (Safe Banks) (1) Narrow banks do not lend money and are therefore called ‘safe banks’. Hence, they carry ‘zero credit risk’. (2) They use the deposits done by customers to buy government bonds only. (3) Advantages: (i) No danger of NPAs (ii) RBI can easily supervise them (iii) ‘Deposit Insurance’ is not required
(4) 11 banks that RBI, under PCA, is turning into Narrow Banks:- Allahabad Bank, United Bank of India, Corporation Bank, IDBI Bank, UCO Bank, Bank of India, and Central Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Dena Bank, Bank of Maharashtra. What is Deposit Insurance? Money of customers who deposit money in the banks is insured by DICGC. And the customers who take loans from banks are guaranteed of money by DICGC. DICGC is a wholly owned subsidiary of RBI, established on 15 July 1978 under Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 for providing insurance of deposits and guaranteeing of credit facilities to the customers of banks. Green Banking (1) Promoting environmental-friendly Practices (2) Encourages reducing carbon footprint from banking activities. (1) Institute for Development and Research defines Green Banking as an umbrella term that refers to
(1) Practices & guidelines that make banks sustainable in economic, environment and social dimensions. (2) It aims to use IT and physical infrastructure in a efficient and effective way, with zero or minimal impact on the environment. (3) IDRBT offers guidelines for greening banking at 2 levels: (i) Making day-to-day business operations, banking products and services greener by following simple practices and making them environmentally friendly. (ii) Making IT infrastructure (including data center) and physical infrastructure (including buildings) greener.
For example taking initiatives so that a bank could itself generate electricity for its own consumption
Retail Banking (1) Retail banking refers to consumer-oriented services offered by commercial banks. Eg. savings accounts, mortgages and various types of loans and investment services relating to retirement and educational planning. (2) Retail assets of a bank: All borrower relationships and relationships with small businesses. Thus, including credit cards,
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auto loans, mortgages, personal loans, and small business loans. (3) How do retail banks earn money: By lending money to customers at a higher rate than they pay to depositors. The difference, known as the margin or turn, is kept by the bank. For example, if a bank pays 1% interest on deposits, they may charge 6% interest on loans.
Wholesale Banking (1) Services provided to organisations such as mortgage Brokers, large corporate clients, mid-sized companies, real estate
developers & investors, international trade finance businesses, etc.
Universal Banking (1) Recommended by R H Khan committee. (2) It means allowing Financial Institutions & banks to carry out all types of banking or development financing activity (as allowed and permitted by RBI, Govt. & related legal Acts).
Type Movable Movable Immovable
Posse-ssion
With Lender
With Borrower
With Borrower
Example Goods like Gold loan
Assets like Vehicle, Machines
Housing Loan
advance against NSC, etc.
Stocks, etc.
7. Digital Banking
NPCI (1) National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is an umbrella organization for all retail payments system in India. (2) It aims to allow all Indian citizens to have unrestricted access to e - payment services. (3) Headquarter: Mumbai Non-Executive Chairman: Biswamohan Mahapatra and MD and CEO: Dilip Asbe (4) RBI Nominee Director: Mr. Sudarshan Sen. (5) It was incorporated in December 2008 & the Certificate of Commencement of Business was issued in April 2009. The authorized capital was pegged at Rs 300 crore & paid up capital was Rs 100 crore. The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has allowed Facebook-owned WhatsApp to beta test its BHIM UPI beta payments service with limited user base of 1 million and low transaction limit. Four banks will join social messaging app’s BHIM UPI model in phases and full feature product will be released after beta test is successful.
USSD (1) Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) allows users to check their balance and get mini statements, along with making
payments, even if they don’t own a smartphone or have access to the internet - just by dialling *99# (2) Was launched by NPCI in 2014 (3) On their mobile phones, banking customers can avail the service by dialing *99#, a “Common number across all Telecom Service Providers (TSPs)”. After that an interactive menu gets displayed on the mobile screen to facilitate transactions. (4) One can check status of his/her Aadhaar number seeding/linking in the bank account. (5) The service works across all GSM service providers & brings together diverse ecosystem partners such as Banks & TSPs (Telecom Service Providers).
BHIM (1) Bharat Interface for Money is a mobile app developed by NPCI, based on the Unified Payment Interface (UPI) - with zero transaction charges. (2) The aim is to make it easy for everyone to allow digital payments directly from the bank account. BHIM allow users to send or receive money to or from UPI payment addresses, or to non-UPI based accounts. (using mobile number or Virtual Payment Address or VPA.)
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(3) It was launched by PM Modi on 30th Dec 2016. It is dedicated to Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar. (4) Works on Android, iOS & Windows. (5) It is available in 12 languages. Famous Actor Shushant Singh Rajput will also promote Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) digital payments app for cashless economy by appearing in various video, print and social media cashless economy by appearing in various video, print and social media campaigns of NITI Aayog.
UPI (1) Unified Payments Interface (Regulated by RBI) is an instant real-time payment system developed by National Payments Corporation of India facilitating inter-bank transactions. (2) UPI withdraws and deposits funds directly from the bank account whenever a transaction is requested. (3) It uses Virtual Payment Address, Account Number with IFSC Code, Mobile Number with MMID, Aadhaar Number. MobiKwik one of the largest digital service provider platform, announced the launch of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) on its platform via its own Virtual payment address (VPA) handle @ikwik.
IMPS (1) Launched in 2010, immediate payment service (IMPS) is an instant real-time inter-bank electronic (mobile, online banking, ATM) funds transfer system in India. (2) It uses mobile number or Aadhaar number to connect with a bank account,Mobile Money Identifier (MMID) is a 7 digit number, issued by banks. It is clubbed with mobile number to facilitate fund transfer. As per a recent NPCI data, the number of transactions through IMPS crossed 100 million marks in March 2018 and touched a high of 120.4 million in June.
RTGS & NEFT (1) Real-Time Gross Settlement systems (RTGS) are funds transfer systems where transfer of money or securities takes place from one bank to another on a "real-time" and on "gross" basis. (2) National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) is a nation-wide payment system facilitating one-to-one funds transfer.
(3)There is no minimum and maximum limit for cash remittance for NEFT. However, the maximum amount per transaction is limited to ₹ 50,000. (4) In contrast with NEFT system, there is a minimum limit of Rs.2,00,000 to be transferred through RTGS. Though there is no maximum limit. CTS (1) Launched: 1 February 2008 (2) Cheque Truncation System (CTS) or Image-based Clearing System (ICS) is based on a cheque truncation or online image-based cheque clearing system where cheque images and Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) data are captured at the collecting bank branch and transmitted electronically.(4) Cheque Truncation System (CTS) is a cheque clearing system undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for faster clearing of cheques.
IFSC (1) The Indian Financial System Code (IFS Code or IFSC) is an alphanumeric code that facilitates electronic funds transfer in India. (2) A code uniquely identifies each bank branch participating in the two main Payment and settlement systems in India: the Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) and the National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) systems. (3) The IFSC is an 11-character code with the first four alphabetic characters representing the bank name, and the last six characters (usually umeric, but can be alphabetic) representing the branch. The fifth character is ‘zero’ and reserved for future use. Bank IFS Code is used by the NEFT & RTGS systems to route the messages to the destination banks/branches.
SWIFT (1) The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) provides a network that enables financial institutions worldwide to send and receive information about financial transactions in a secure, standardized and reliable environment. (2) Headquarter: La Hulpe, Belgium; (3) Chairman: Yawar Shah; CEO: Gottfried Leibbrandt. ACU (1) Established: December 9, 1974
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(2) Headquarters: Tehran, Iran (3) The aim of ACU was to secure regional co-operation about the settlement of eligible monetary transactions to provide a system for
clearing payments among the member countries on a multilateral basis.
9. Monetary Policies
INDICATORS CURRENT RATE
CRR 4%
SLR 19.25%
Repo Rate 6.25%
Reverse Repo Rate 6.00%
MSF 6.50%
Bank Rate 6.50%
1. CASH RESERVE RATIO Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) is a specified minimum fraction of the total deposits of customers, which Commercial Banks must hold as reserves either in cash or as deposits with the Central Bank. 2. STATUTORY LIQUIDITY RATIO Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) is the Indian Government term for the reserve requirement that the Commercial Banks in India are required to maintain in the form of cash, gold reserves, government approved securities before providing credit to the customers. 3. REPO RATE Repo Rate is the rate at which the Central Bank of a Country (Reserve Bank of India in case of India) lends money to Commercial Banks in the event of any shortfall of funds.
4. REVERSE REPO RATE Reverse Repo Rate is the rate at which the Central Bank of a country borrows money from Commercial Banks within the country. It is a monetary policy instrument which can be used to control the money supply in the country.
5. BANK RATE Bank rate is the rate charged by the Central Bank for lending funds to Commercial Banks. 6. MARGINAL STANDING FACILITY Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) is the rate at which scheduled banks could borrow funds overnight from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) against approved government securities. 7. OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS Open Market Operations (OMO) refer to buying and selling of government securities in the open market to expand or contract the amount of money in the Banking System.
10. Important Acts
1. RBI Act The Reserve Bank of India Act 1934 is an Act to constitute a Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and provide the Central Bank with various powers to act as the Central Bank of India. 2.NABARD Act
NABARD was established by Act 61, 1982 of the Parliament to implement the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. 3.RRB Act The RRB Act 1976 was adopted to provide sufficient banking and credit facility for agriculture. 4.BANKING REGULATION Act
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The Banking Regulation Act, 1949 is a legislation in India that regulates all Banking firms in India. 5.SEBI Act The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator for the securities market in India. It was established in the year 1988 and
given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992. 6. Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 According to Section 13 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, "A negotiable instrument means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to bearer.
11. Important Financial Institutions
1. RBI The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's Central Banking Institution which controls the monetary policy of Indian rupee. It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 in accordance with the Reserve Bank of India Act 1934. Urjit Patel is the governor of RBI. RBI has revised its priority sector lending guidelines for housing loan under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna. Housing Loan of up to Rs 35 Lakh for dwelling costing less than 45 Lakh will be treated as PSL to uplift low cost segment to the society. RBI has now extended Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) to Scheduled State Co-operative Banks (StCBs) which are CBS enabled and have CRAR of at least 9%. According to the new norms of IFSC Banking Units (IBU), the parent bank is required to provide a minimum capital of USD 20mn to start their IBU operations and should maintain the minimum prescribed regulatory capital on an on-going basis. Sudha Balakrishnan is the first ever Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). RBI has signed a MoU with Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India for cooperation in effective implementation of insolvency laws. RBI has rationalised and liberalised the External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) Policy to include more sectors in the window to facilitate cheaper access of overseas funds with a uniform all-in-cost ceiling of 450bps over the benchmark rate. It has also increased the ECB Liability to Equity Ratio for ECB raised from direct foreign equity holder
under the automatic route to 7:1. 2. NABARD
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is India's specialised Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in India. NABARD was established by Act 61, 1981 of Parliament on 12 July 1982 to implement the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. HQ: Mumbai Chairman: Dr. Harsh Kumar Bhanwala Subsidiaries of NABARD: NABCONS, NABFINS, ABFL. Repco Micro Finance Ltd, a non-banking
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finance company received NABARD 2018 award. The NABARD is funding the central and state share of 99 prioritized irrigation projects under the PMKSY through long-term irrigation fund (LTIF). 3. SEBI The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator for the securities market in India. It was established in the year 1988 and given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992. Initiatives by SEBI : (a) Capital Protection Oriented Schemes: The SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996 were amended so as to permit the launch of Capital Protection Oriented schemes. (b)Dispatch of Statement of Accounts: SEBI directed mutual funds to dispatch the statement of accounts to the unit holders under Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) / Systematic Transfer Plan (STP) / Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) once every quarter ending March, June, September and December within ten working days of the end of the respective quarter. (c)Gold Exchange Traded Funds: SEBI amended the SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996 to specify the methodology for the valuation of gold for the purpose of Gold Exchange Traded Funds (GETFs). (d) Real Estate Mutual Fund (REMF): REMF Scheme means a scheme of a mutual fund which has investment objective to invest directly or indirectly in real estate property and shall be governed by the provisions and guidelines under SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations.
(e) Standard Warning in Advertisements by Mutual Funds. In order to improve the manner in which the said message was conveyed to the investors, it was decided in consultation with AMFI that with effect from April 1, 2008, the time for display and voice over and audio advertisements of the standard warning be enhanced to five seconds.
4. NATIONAL HOUSING BANK Housing Bank (NHB), a wholly owned subsidiary of Reserve Bank of India (RBI), was set up on 9 July 1988 under the National Housing Bank Act, 1987.
The National Housing Bank (NHB) has sanctioned around Rs 3,018 crore under the credit-linked subsidy scheme (CLSS) of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY). MD and CEO of NHB - Sriram Kalyanaraman. 5. EXIM BANK Export–Import Bank of India is the premier export finance institution in India, established in 1982 under Export-Import Bank of India Act 1981. The Cabinet approved a joint research on the distributed ledger and blockchain technology by Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) with member-banks of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). 6. DICGC Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) is a subsidiary of Reserve Bank of India. It was established on 15 July 1978 under Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961. HQ: Mumbai; Chairman: N S Vishwanathan 8. SIDBI Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) is a development financial institution in India. It was established on 2nd April 1990. Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and Common Service Centres (CSC) Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) signed MoU for providing financial Support village level entrepreneurs in CSCs.
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The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) celebrates its foundation day on 2nd April every year. 9. IFC The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is an International Financial Institution that offers investment, advisory, and asset-management services to encourage private-sector development in developing countries. It was established in 20 July 1956. 10. IRDAI The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) is an autonomous, statutory body tasked with regulating and promoting the insurance and reinsurance industries in India. Initiatives by IRDAI : (a) Insurers to cover mental illness under medical insurance policy: According to provisions of the Act, mental health care includes analysis and diagnosis of person’s mental condition and treatment as well as care and rehabilitation of such person for his mental illness or suspected mental illness. (b)Suresh Mathur Committee: IRDAI has set up 10-member committeeheaded by Suresh Mathur, to review norms related to Insurance Marketing Firms with an aim to increase insurance penetration in the country. (c)IRDAI’s admission as a Signatory to IAIS, MMoU: The Union Cabinet has approved IRDAI’s admission as a signatory to International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS), Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding (MMoU). (d) No Vehicle Insurance without Pollution Certificate: IRDAI has made it mandatory for every vehicle owner to have a valid PUC certificate to comply with the prescribed emission norms. A vehicle without such certificate is liable to be prosecuted under the Motor
Vehicles Act. (e) IRDAI sets up a panel to identify Systemically Important Insurers (SII): This panel will be headed by Pravin Kutumbe, Member ofFinance & Investment, IRDAI. The panel will also develop a paper on assessment methodology for SIIs in India and recommend enhanced supervision for them. 11. NITI AAYOG The National Institution for Transformation of India also known as the NITI Aayog has been created to serve as a think tank for the Government of India. NITI Aayog acts as the major platform of the Government of India to bring States to act together in national interest, and thereby fosters Cooperative Federalism. Initiatives by NITI : (a) Agreement with Microsoft for AI: NITI Aayog has inked an agreement with Microsoft India to deploy artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to address challenges in agriculture and healthcare and promote adoption of local language computing among others. (b)South Asian Regional Conference on Urban Infrastructure: It was organised by NITI Aayog in New Delhi in partnership with United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (UNESCAP) and Asian Development Bank. (c)Himalayan State Regional Council: NITI Aayog has constituted Himalayan State Regional Council to ensure sustainable development of the Himalayan Region. (d) Transforming India Lecture Series: As the government’s premier think-tank, NITI Aayog views knowledge building & transfer as the enabler of real transformation in States.
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12. NBFCs
A non-banking institution is a company having principal business of receiving deposits under any scheme or arrangement in one lump sum or in instalments by way of contributions or in any other manner, is known as non-banking financial company. According to RBI, A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of securities, etc. issued by Government or local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature, leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, chit business. NBFCs are categorized : (a) In terms of the type of liabilities into Deposit and Non-Deposit accepting NBFCs, (b) Non deposit taking NBFCs by their size into systemically important and other non-deposit holding companies (NBFC-NDSI and NBFC-ND), (c) By the kind of activity they conduct. Types of NBFCs: 1. Asset Finance Company (AFC)
➢ An AFC’s principal business is financing of physical assets supporting productive/economic activity, such as automobiles, tractors, lathe machines, generator sets, earth moving and material handling equipment, moving on own power and general purpose industrial machines.
2. Investment Company (IC)
➢ IC means any company which is a financial institution carrying on as its principal business the acquisition of securities.
3. Loan Company (LC) ➢ LC means any company which is a financial
institution carrying on as its principal business the providing of finance whether by making loans or advances or otherwise for any activity other than its own but does not include an Asset Finance Company.
4. Infrastructure Finance Company (IFC) ➢ IFC is a non-banking finance company a)
which deploys at least 75% of its total assets in infrastructure loans, b) has a minimum Net Owned Funds of ₹ 300 crore, c) has a minimum credit rating of ‘A ‘or equivalent d) and a CRAR of 15%.
5. Infrastructure Debt Fund ➢ IDF-NBFC is a company registered as NBFC
to facilitate the flow of long term debt into infrastructure projects. IDF-NBFC raise resources through issue of Rupee or Dollar denominated bonds of minimum 5 year maturity. Only Infrastructure Finance Companies (IFC) can sponsor IDF-NBFCs.
6. Mortgage Guarantee Companies (MGC)
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➢ MGC are financial institutions for which at least 90% of the business turnover is mortgage guarantee business or at least 90% of the gross income is from mortgage guarantee business and net owned fund is ₹ 100 crore.
7. Non-Operative Financial Holding Company (NOFHC)
➢ NBFC - NOFHC is financial institution through which promoter / promoter groups will be permitted to set up a new bank. A wholly-owned NOFHC will hold the bank as well as all other financial services companies regulated by RBI or other financial sector regulators, to the extent permissible under the applicable regulatory prescriptions.
13. Electoral Bonds
Announced: Scheme Union Budget 2017 Aim: (1) Alternative to cash donations. So that transparency in political funding can increase. (2) Elimination of unaccounted and anonymous donations to political parties. (3) In a way fights black money. Points to Remember: India is the 1st country in the world to have a
unique bond for electoral funding.
Electoral bonds are made available for 10 days
in January, April, July and October.
Any Indian citizen or a body incorporated in India can buy these bonds.
Electoral bonds will be valid for only 15 days and will not carry the name of the payee.
Bonds can be bought from SBI branches at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and New Delhi.
Electoral bonds can be bought for any amount in
multiples of Rs. 1000, Rs.10,000, Rs.1 Lakh,
Rs.10 lakh and Rs. 1 crore.
Purchaser must pay from KYC - compliant bank account.
Bonds can be donated to a registered political party only.
14. Electronic Fund Transfer at Point of Sale
Electronic Funds Transfer At Point Of Sale (EFTPOS) is a payment system that allows faster and safer digital fund transfers at payment terminals using debit or credit cards. EFTPOS was first introduced in the US in 1981 and rolled out in 1982, after that several other countries followed the suit.
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) - It is also known as e-transfer and indicates the transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems such as automated teller machines (ATMs), and electronic payment of bills. Point of Sale (POS) - is the location where a sales transaction occurs
15. Priority Sector Lending
Priority sector was first properly defined in 1972 by Dr. K S Krishnaswamy committee. Priority Sector Lending is an important role given by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to the banks for providing a specified portion of the bank lending to few specific sectors.
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As per the RBI circular of July 7, 2016, there are 8 broad categories of the PSL viz. (1) Agriculture (2) Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (3) Export Credit (4) Education (5) Housing (6) Social Infrastructure (7) Renewable Energy (8) weaker sections. Private sector lending is essentially meant for an all-round development of the economy and not just focus on the financial sector. Private sector lending is also linked to the Double Financial Repression. In India, private
sector lending has been made a salient feature of banking mainly due to the social and economic objectives that underlie PSL. However, banks are also required to keep certain amount to maintain Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) and from the remaining disposable amount, 40 per cent is dedicated for the priority sector. Thus, large fraction of banks’ resources causes the so called “Double Repression” on the banking system. The economic survey has brought this issue to the forefront and has recommended thegovernment to restructureSLR and PrioritySector Lending.
16. KYC
KYC or ‘Know Your Customer’ is nothing but the process of banks asking for your identity proof. This prevents fraud and misuse of banking facility.It is similar to a security check. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has made linking of national biometric ID Aadhaar to bank accounts mandatory as part of its updated 'Know Your Customer (KYC)'
guidelines. RBI has also imposed a penalty of Rs 5 cr on south Indian bank for non-compliance with its directions on Income Recognition and Asset Classification (IRAC) norms, Know Your Customer (KYC) norms and treasury function.
17. NPA and Recovery
What is an NPA? Non-performing assets are bad loans. Once a borrower fails in payment of interest or instalment of the principal or both for 90 days at least, the loan is considered an NPA. Rise in NPAs has taken a toll on stock prices of most of these banks. So, RBI rules require that banks should set aside certain amount of money (provisioning) for the NPAs. NPAs are classified as sub – standard, doubtful and loss-making assets for provisioning requirements
Substandard asset NPA for a period less than or equal to 12
months.
Doubtful asset NPA for a period of
more than 12 months.
Loss asset NPA for a period of
more than 36 months
Classification of NPAs for Agriculture loans: A loan will be treated as an NPA if instalment of the principal or interest remains unpaid beyond the due date for (i) two crop seasons in case of short duration crops (maturing within one year); (ii) one crop season for long duration crops (maturing after one year).
To recover the NPAs, many measures have been taken, like: Provisioning, CAR norms, Securitization law, Foreclosure, Norms, One-time settlement, Interest Waiver, Write-offs, Debt recovery tribunals, Asset reconstruction companies With a view to bringing convergence of the Priority Sector Lending guidelines for housing loans with the Affordable Housing Scheme, and to give a relaxation to low-cost housing for the Economically Weaker Sections the
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housing loan limits for eligibility under priority sector lending will be revised to Rs 35 lakh in metropolitan centres from Rs 28 and to Rs 25 lakh from Rs 20 lakh earlier in other centres, provided the dwelling cost does not exist Rs 45 lakh. SARFAESI ACT 2002 (1) The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Securities Interest Act, 2002 (also known as the SARFAESI Act) is an Indian law. It allows banks and other financial institution to auction residential or commercial properties to recover loans. (2) It is used to expedite recovery of loans and bring down the non – performing asset level of the Indian banking and financial sector. (3) It will thus become easier to recover bad loans from wilful defaulters. According to 'Financial Stability Report' released RBI on 31 December 2018, banks Gross Non-Performing Assets' (GNPAs) ratio have improved to 10.8% in September 2018 from 11.5% in March 2018.Also the Net Non-Performing Assets (NNPAs) ratio witnessed a fall at 5.3% in September 2018 as against 6.2% in March 2018.
Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) (1) To ensure that banks don't go bust, RBI has put in place some trigger points to assess, monitor, control and take corrective actions on banks which are weak and troubled. The process or mechanism under which such actions are taken is known as Prompt Corrective Action, or PCA. (2) Regulators use 4 different capital measures i.e. a total risk and a Tier - 1 based capital ratio, leverage and Equity to assets ratio.
Asset Reconstruction Company (1) In order to recover the bad debts (sticky loans), the Asset Reconstruction Company, who
have built – in professional expertise, handles recovery as their core business. (2) ARCs buy bad loans from banks and try to restructure them and collect them. ARC is formed under SARFAESI Act, 2002. (3) Under this Bank / FIs have the power to sell their bad loans. The loans which are of 1 lakh or more fall in this category
Debt Recovery Tribunal (1) The Government of India has constituted 38 Credit Recovery Tribunals (DRT) and constituted the 5 Debt Restore Appeal Tribunal (DRAT) across the country. (2) The Debt Recovery Tribunal is located throughout the country under ‘Recovery of Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions (RDDBF) Act, 1993’. (3) As per the act, the issue is to be settled in 6 months and in this case the success rate is around 20 – 30%. Strategic Debt Restructuring (1) Strategic Debt Restructuring (SDR) Scheme allows banks and non-banking lending institutions to convert their loans into equity stake. (2) Under the SDR scheme, banks are exempted from making an open offer while acquiring majority stake in a stressed company.
Lok Adalats (1) Lok Adalat ("Public Court" or "People's Court") is one of the Alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in India, it is a forum where cases pending or at pre-litigation stage in a court of law are settled. (2) Created under Legal Services Authority Act 1987. (3) According to RBI guidelines issued in 2001, they cover NPA up to Rs. 20 lakhs, both suits filed, and non-suit filed are covered.
18. Financial Inclusion
Financial inclusion basically means making credit, banking and financial services & products accessible to: (1) Weaker section and low-income group (2) People residing in remote or rural areas and villages.
Types of Financial Inclusion:
Financial inclusion aims to take care people who fall in 2 types of groups: 1. Low Income section in Urban Areas 2. Low Income section in Rural Areas
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Fig: Financial Inclusion Initiatives
LBS (Lead Banking Scheme) Started: 1969 by RBI Recommended by: Gadgil Study Group & Nariman Committee. Aim: Bridging the gap left by absence of commercial banks in rural areas. Implementation: A public or private bank was allotted an area (district) in which that bank had to play a lead role in providing financial services to the people, making them aware about the banks and various benefits of banks and generating trust among people so they deposit their money without any fear of loss or fraud. No Frills Account Started: 2005 by RBI Recommendation by: Rangarajan Committee Aim: Simplified KYC norms and either nil or very low minimum balance to help low income groups maintain bank accounts. Implementation: However, all the existing ‘No-frills’ accounts opened were converted into BSBDA (Basic Savings Bank Deposit Accounts). BSBDA Account
Started: 2012 by RBI Aim: To extend benefits of no-frills account to common man. Implementation: Applicable to all scheduled commercial banks in India including Foreign Banks having branches in India. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Prime Minister's People's' Wealth Scheme is a government scheme that aims to expand and make affordable access to financial services such as bank accounts, remittances, credit, insurance and pensions. Business Correspondenceis exchange of information in a written format for the process of business activities that can take place between organizations, within organizations or between the customers and the organization. Business Correspondence includes individuals, NGOs,SHGs, NBFCs, Payment Banks and so on. White Label ATMs Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) setup, owned and operated by non-bank entities are called ‘White Label ATMs’ (WLAs). Tata Communications Payment Solutions (TCPS), started 1st white label ATM (WLA) at Chandrapada, a tier-V town near Mumbai under the brand name “Indicash” in 2013. Government has allowed 100% FDI in White Labelled ATM operations since 2015. Self-Help Group SHGs have their origin from the Gramin Bank of Bangladesh which was founded in 1975 by the economist Prof. Mohammad Yunus of Chittagong University. It is a village-based financial intermediary committee comprising of 10–20 local women or men.
19. Banking Ombudsman Scheme
The Banking Ombudsman Scheme is an expeditious and inexpensive forum for bank customers for resolution of complaints relating to certain services rendered by Banks. The Banking Ombudsman Scheme is introduced
under Section 35 A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 by RBI with effect from 1995. Presently the Banking Ombudsman Scheme 2006 (as amended up to July 1, 2017) is in operation.
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20. Abbreviations
• AAY: Antyodaya Anna Yojana • CAA&A: Controller of Aid Accounts & Audit • BBB: Banks Board Bureau • CFPI: Consumer Food Price Index • CIRP:Corporate Insolvency Resolution
Process • CLSS: Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme • DARE: Department of Agricultural Research
& Education • DDA: Doha Development Agenda • DGCI&S: Directorate General of Commercial
Intelligence & Statistics • DGFT: Directorate General of Foreign Trade • DIPAM: Department of Investment & Public
Asset Management • DIPP: Department of Industrial Policy &
Promotion • DISCOMS: Distribution Companies • EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction &
Development • EFTA: European Free Trade Association • EIB: European Investment Bank • e-NAM: Electronic National Agriculture
Market • EPCG: Export Promotion on Capital Goods • FSLRC: Financial Sector Legislative Reforms
Commission • FSRASC: Financial Sector Regulatory
Appointment Search Committee • GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council • ICRA: Indian Credit Rating Agency. • IBC: Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code • IFSC:Indian Financial System Code
• IMPS: Immediate Payment Service • LFPR: Labour Force Participation Rate • M0: Reserve Money • M3: Broad money • MDGs: Millennium Development Goals • NAREDCO: National Real Estate
Development Council • NCDs: Non-Convertible Debentures • NCLT: National Company Law Tribunal • NEFT: National Electronic Fund Transfer • NICRA: National Innovations on Climate
Resilient Agriculture • NPCI:National Payments Corporation of
India • MAY: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana • ‘PMFBY: Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana • PMKSY: Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana • POL: Petroleum Oil & Lubricants • RMSA: Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan • RTGS: Real Time Gross Settlement • SSA: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyaan • SUUTI: Specified Undertaking for Unit Trust
of India • SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Interbank
Financial Telecommunication. • SWP: Systematic Withdrawal Plan • UDAY: Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana • UDISE: Unified District Information System
for Education.
21. Capital Market
Capital market is a platform where investors and buyers get into trade of financial securities such as bonds, stocks, etc. 1. IPO - Stands for Initial Public Offering. It is a term used when a private company or corporation raises investment capital by offering its stock to the public for the first time. 2. FPO - Stands for Follow on Public Offer. It is a process by which an already listed company on an exchange issues new shares to the investors or the existing shareholders, usually the promoters.
3. Right Issue - It is an invitation to existing shareholders to purchase additional new shares in the company. 4. ADR - Stands for American Depository Receipt. It is a negotiable certificate issued by a U.S. bank that represents a specified number of shares (or one share) in a foreign stock traded on a U.S. exchange. 5. GDR - Stands for Global Depository Receipt (GDR). It is a bank certificate issued in more than one country for shares in a foreign company. The shares are held by a foreign branch of an international bank.
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6. IDR - International Depository Receipt is a negotiable certificate that a bank issue. It is also known as ADR in U.S.A. In Europe, IDRs are known as Global Depository Receipts, and trade on the London, Luxembourg and Frankfurt exchanges. 7. NSDL - Stands for National Securities Depository Ltd. It is India’s oldest and largest depository and refers to the organization meant for holding and safeguarding the securities that are traded in the securities market.
8. CDSL - Central Depository Services Limited is a depository service that works for the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). CDSL is promoted by the State Bank of India (SBI), Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, HDFC Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, Axis Bank and the Union Bank of India. 9. Debenture - It is a type of debt instrument that is not secured by physical assets or collateral. Corporations and governments frequently issue this type of bond to secure capital.These are usually documented in an indenture. 10. BSE - The Bombay Stock Exchange was established by Premchand Roychand in 1875. It is Asia’s first stock exchange and claims to be the world's fastest stock exchange, with a median trade speed of 6 microseconds. 11. Sensex - It is the benchmark index of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and is also known as S&P. It is composed of 30 of the largest and most actively-traded stocks on the BSE, providing an accurate gauge of India's economy. 12. NSE - The National Stock Exchange of India was established in 1992. It is India’s first demutualized electronic exchange. 13. Nifty - Like Sensex, Nifty is a major stock index introduced by the NSE in India. The term was coined from two words ‘National’ and ‘FIFTY’.
14. OTCEI - The Over-The-Counter Exchange Of India (OTCEI), founded in 1990 is an electronic stock exchange that consists of small- and medium-sized firms aiming to gain access to the capital markets like electronic exchanges in the U.S. such as the Nasdaq. The OTCEI is no longer a functional exchange as the same has been derecognised by SEBI vide its order dated 31 Mar 2015. 15. Commodity Market - It is a physical or virtual marketplace for buying, selling and trading raw or primary products. There are about 50 major commodity markets worldwide that facilitate investment trade in approximately 100 primary commodities. 16. MCX - The Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. was established in 2003 and is an independent commodity exchange. It is India's largest commodity derivatives exchange where the clearance and settlements of the exchange happen. 17. NCDEX - National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited is an online commodity exchange based in India. 18. Derivatives - It is a contract between two or more parties based upon the asset or assets. Its price is determined by fluctuations in the underlying asset. Forward Contract
It is a private agreement between two parties giving the buyer an obligation to purchase an asset (and the seller an obligation to sell an asset) at a set price at a future point in time.
Future Contract
It is a contract for assets (especially commodities or shares) bought at agreed prices but delivered and paid for later.
Option It is a contract, or a provision of a contract, that gives one party (the option holder) the right, but not the obligation to perform a specified transaction with another party (the option issuer or option writer) according to specified terms. - Call Option: This option provides the holder the right (but not the obligation) to purchase an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike price), for a certain period. - Put Option: This option gives the
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holder the right to sell an underlying asset at a specified price (the strike price).
SWAP It is a derivative contract where two parties exchange financial instruments.
17. Mutual Fund- It is an investment vehicle made up of a pool of money collected from many investors for investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and other assets. Mutual Funds are regulated in India by SEBI. The most popular types of mutual funds in India are -
• Equity funds • Debt funds • Money market funds • Index funds
Net asset value (NAV) represents a funds per share market value. NAV is the sum of the market value of all the shares held in the portfolio divided by the total number of units outstanding.
Close Ended
Scheme Open Ended
Scheme
A scheme where funds are raised for a fixed period and is wound up after a certain period.
It is available for subscription and repurchase on a continuous basis and do not have a fixed maturity period.
HDFC MF becomes the largest AMC in India surpassing the ICICI Prudential MF to become the country's largest asset management company. HDFC manages assets of Rs 3.35 lakh crore, while those of ICICI Prudential MF stood at Rs 3.08 lakh crore. SBI MF is at the third place with Rs 2.64 lakh crore, followed by Aditya Birla Sun Life MF (Rs 2.42 lakh crore) and Reliance MF (Rs 2.36 lakh crore).
22. Money Market
It is the trade in short-term loans between banks and other financial institutions. Usually, financial instruments with high liquidity and short-term maturities are traded. Few instruments of Money Market are: 1. Call Money - Is the money loaned by a bank or other institution which is repayable on demand for 1 day. Call money does not have a fixed schedule, nor does the lender need to provide any notice of repayment. Period - 1 day 2. Notice Money - The money that is lent for one day in money market is known as call money and if it exceeds one day, it is known as notice money. Period - 2-14 days 3. Term Money - While Call money and notice money refers to short-term funds (less than 14 days). Period - 15 days - 1 year 4. Certificate of Deposits - It is equivalent to promissory note and is negotiable. Certificate of Deposits (CD) is issued in lieu of the funds deposited at a bank for a specified time. It was introduced in July 1989, to enable the
Banking system to mobilize bulk deposits from the market. Minimum amount: 1 lakh; Period: 7 days - 1 year 5. Commercial Papers - Commercial Paper, introduced in 1990, is issued (sold) by large corporations to obtain funds to meet short-term debt obligations and is backed only by an issuing bank or company promise to pay the face amount on the maturity date specified on the note. Minimum amount: 5 lakhs or its multiples; Period: 7 days - 1 year 6. Treasury Bills - These are short term borrowing instruments of the Government of India. Treasury Bills enable investors to park their short term surplus funds while reducing their market risk. They are auctioned by Reserve Bank of India at regular intervals and issued at a discount to face value. Minimum amount: Rs. 25000 or its multiples; Period: 91 days, 182 days & 364 days. 7. Ways and Means of Advances - is a method used by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under its credit policy by which it helps States banking with it to tide over temporary mismatches in the cash flow of their receipts and payments.
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8. Cash Management Bills - are short term bills issued by central government to meet its
immediate cash needs. The bills are issued by the RBI on behalf of the government.
23. Basel Norms
- The Basel accord are a set of agreements set by Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) which provides recommendation on banking regulation with respect to capital risk, market risk and operational risk. - The BCBS's secretariat is located at Bank of International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland.
- The purpose of this accord is to ensure that financial institutions have enough capital to meet obligations and absorb unexpected stress.
Capital Adequacy Ratio:
Basel Norms I
It divides the asset account to risk in 5 categories:-
1. 0% Risk 2. 10% Risk 3. 20% Risk 4. 50% Risk
5. 100% Risk
Basel Norms II The 3 main pillars of the Basel Norms II are: - Minimum Capital requirement - Supervisory Review - Market discipline
India adopted Basel-II in 2009. Basel Norms III
- RBI extended the timeline for fully implementation of Basel-III capital regulation by a year to March 31st, 2019.
- Indian government estimated the total Risk Weighted Assets till 2019 will be 120 lakh crore Rupees and where CAR is minimum 9%.
24. Maharatna, Navratna & Miniratna Category of PSEs
1. Maharatna CPSEs Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
Coal India Limited
GAIL (India) Limited Indian Oil Corporation Limited
NTPC Limited Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited
Steel Authority of India Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
2. Navratna CPSEs
Bharat Electronics Limited
Container Corporation of India Limited
Engineers India Limited
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited
National Aluminium Company Limited
National Buildings Construction Corporation Limited
NMDC Limited Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited
Oil India Limited Power Finance Corporation Limited
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited
Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
Shipping Corporation of India Limited
3. Miniratna Category - I CPSEs Airports Authority of Antrix Corporation
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India Limited Balmer Lawrie & Co. Limited
Bharat Coking Coal Limited
Bharat Dynamics Limited
BEML Limited
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
Bridge & Roof Company (India) Limited
Central Warehousing Corporation
Central Coalfields Limited
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited
Cochin Shipyard Limited
Dredging Corporation of India Limited
Kamarajar Port Limited
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited
Goa Shipyard Limited
Hindustan Copper Limited
HLL Lifecare Limited
Hindustan Newsprint Limited
Hindustan Paper Corporation Limited
Housing & Urban Development Corporation Limited
India Tourism Development Corporation Limited
Indian Rare Earths Limited
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Limited
Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited
India Trade Promotion Organisation
IRCON International Limited
KIOCL Limited
Mazagaon Dock Limited
Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
Manganese Ore (India) Limited
Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemical Limited
Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited
MMTC Limited
MSTC Limited National Fertilizers Limited
National Seeds Corporation Limited
NHPC Limited
Northern Coalfields Limited
North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
Numaligarh Refinery Limited
ONGC Videsh Limited
Pawan Hans Projects &
Helicopters Limited Development India Limited
Railtel Corporation of India Limited
Rail Vikas Nigam Limited
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Limited
RITES Limited
SJVN Limited Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited
South Eastern Coalfields Limited
State Trading Corporation of India Limited
Telecommunications Consultants India Limited
THDC India Limited
Western Coalfields Limited
WAPCOS Limited
Ed.CIL (India) Limited HSCC (India) Limited National Small Industries Corporation Limited
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited
4. Miniratna Category-II CPSEs Bharat Pumps & Compressors Limited
Broadcast Engineering Consultants (I) Limited
Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited
Central Railside Warehouse Company Limited
Engineering Projects (India) Limited
FCI Aravali Gypsum & Minerals India Limited
Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited
HMT (International) Limited
Indian Medicines & Pharmaceuticals Corporation Limited
Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India
Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited
National Film Development Corporation Limited
P E C Limited Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Limited
M E C O N Limited
25. List of International Airports in India
Airports Name
City State/ Union
Territory Veer Savarkar
International
Airport
Port Blair
Andaman and
Nicobar
Islands
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Visakhapat-nam Airport
Visakha-patnam
Andhra Pradesh
Lokpriya
Gopinath
Bordoloi International
Airport
Guwahati Assam
Gaya Airport Gaya Bihar
Indira Gandhi
International Airport
New Delhi Delhi
Goa
International
Airport
Whole state
Goa
Sardar
Vallabhbhai
Patel
International Airport
Ahmed-abad
Gujarat
Kempegowda
International
Airport
Bengaluru Karnataka
Mangalore International
Airport
Manga-
lore Karnataka
Cochin
International Airport
Kochi Kerala
Calicut
International
Airport
Calicut Kerala
Trivandrum
International
Airport
Thiruvan-
anthap-
uram
Kerala
Chhatrapati
Shivaji International
Mumbai Maharashtra
Airport
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
International
Airport
Nagpur Maharashtra
Pune Interna-tional Airport
Pune Maharashtra
Tulihal Airport Imphal Manipur
Biju Patnaik
International Airport
Bhuban-
eswar Odisha
Sri Guru Ram
Dass Jee
International Airport
Amritsar Punjab
Jaipur
International
Airport
Jaipur Rajasthan
Rajiv Gandhi International
Airport
Hydera-
bad Telangana
Tiruchirappalli
International Airport
Tiruchira-
palli Tamil Nadu
Chennai
International
Airport
Chennai Tamil Nadu
Coimbatore International
Airport/Civil
Aerodrome
Coimbator
e Tamil Nadu
Guru Ram Dass ji International
Airport
Amritsar Punjab
Chandigarh Chandi- Punjab
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International Airport
garh
Chaudhary
Charan Singh
Airport
Lucknow Uttar Pradesh
Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport
Varanasi Uttar Pradesh
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
International
Airport
Kolkata West Bengal
26. List of Revolutions in India
Revolution Product
Black Revolution Petroleum Product
Blue Revolution Fish Production
Brown Revolution Leather, Cocoa
Golden Fibre
Revolution
Jute Production
Golden Revolution Overall Horticulture, Honey, Fruit
Production
Green Revolution Agriculture
Production
Grey Revolution Fertilizers
Pink Revolution Onions, Prawn
Red Revolution Meat, Tomato Production
Evergreen
Revolution
overall agriculture
production growth
Round Revolution Potato Production
Silver Fibre Revolution
Cotton Production
Silver Revolution Egg Production
White Revolution Dairy, Milk Production
Yellow Revolution Oil Seed Production
Round Revolution Potato
27. Indian & International Bank Taglines
Indian Banks and their Taglines
Banks HQ Tagline
State Bank India
Mumbai The Banker to Every Indian
Axis Bank Mumbai Badhti ka Naam Zindagi
Bank of India Mumbai Relationship Beyond Banking
Central Bank of India
Mumbai Central to You Since 1911
Dena Bank Mumbai Trusted Family Bank
HDFC Bank Mumbai We Understand your World
IDBI Bank Mumbai Banking for all/ Aao Sochein Bada
ICICI Bank Mumbai Hum hai na, Khayal Apka
IDFC Bank Mumbai Banking Hatke
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IndusInd Bank
Mumbai We Make you Feel Richer/We Care; Dil Se
Kotak Mahindra Bank
Mumbai Let's Make Money Simple
Yes Bank Mumbai Experience Our Expertise
Bank of Maharashtra
Pune Ek Parivar ek Bank/One Family One Bank
Allahabad Bank
Kolkata A Tradition of Trust
Bandhan Bank
Kolkata Aapka Bhala Sabki Bhalai
United Bank of India
Kolkata The Bank that Begins with “U”
UCO Bank Kolkata Honors your Trust
Union Bank of India
Mumbai Good People to Bank with
Punjab National bank
New Delhi
The Name You Can Bank Upon
Punjab and Sind Bank
New Delhi
Where Service is a Way of Life
Canara Bank Bengaluru
Together We Can
Vijaya Bank Bengaluru
A Friend You Can Bank Upon
Syndicate Bank
Manipal Faithful and Friendly
Corporation Bank
Mangalore
Prosperity for all
Karnataka Bank
Mangalore
Your Family Bank, Across India
Indian Bank Chennai Your Own Bank Indian Overseas Bank
Chennai Good People to Grow With
Lakshmi Vilas Bank
Chennai The Changing Face of Prosperity
South Indian Bank
Kerala Experience Next Generation Banking
Andhra Bank Hyder-abad
Where India Banks
Bank of Baroda
Vado-dara
India’s International Bank
Citi Union bank
Tamil Nadu
Trust and Excellence since
1904 Karur Vysya Bank
Tamil Nadu
Smart Way to Bank
Oriental Bank of Commerce
Guru-gram, Haryana
Where Every Individual is Committed
Federal bank Kochi Your Perfect Banking Partner
International Banks and their Taglines
Bank Tagline
American Express Bank
Do More
BNP Paribas The Bank for a Changing World
Barclays Bank Fluent in Finance Citi Bank Let’s Get it Done / The
Citi Never Sleeps DBS Bank Living, Breathing Asia Deutsche Bank A Passion to Perform HSBC Bank World’s Local Bank JPMorgan Chase Bank
The Right Relationship is Everything
Royal Bank of Scotland
Make It Happen
Scotia Bank You’re Richer Than You Think
Standard Chartered Bank
Your Right Partner
28. Union Cabinet Ministers & their Constituency
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Department Ministers
Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Ministry of Atomic Energy, Ministry of Space All Important Policy Issues, All Other Portfolios not allocated to any Minister
Narendra Modi
Ministry of Home Affairs Rajnath Singh
Ministry of External Affairs Sushma Swaraj
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Ministry of Shipping, Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
Nitin Jairam Gadkari
Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs
Arun Jaitley
Ministry of Minority Affairs Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi
Minister of Commerce and Industry Ministry of Civil Aviation(Additional charge)
Suresh Prabhu
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Prakash Javadekar
Minister of Law and Justice Minister of Electronics and Information Technology
Ravi Shankar Prasad
Minister of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.
D.V. Sadananda Gowda
Minister of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Uma Bharti
Ministry of Consumer Affairs & Food & Public Distribution
Ram Vilas Paswan
Ministry of Railways Minister of Piyush
Coal Goyal
Ministry of Women & Child Development
Maneka Sanjay Gandhi
Ministry of Steel Vishnu Deo Sai
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Jagat Prakash Nadda
Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises
Anant Geete
Ministry of Food Processing Industries
Harsimrat Kaur Badal
Ministry of Rural Development, Ministry of Panchayati Raj, -Ministry of Mines, Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs.
Narendra Singh Tomar
Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment
Thawar Chand Gehlot
Ministry of Tribal Affairs Jual Oram
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
Radha Mohan Singh
Minister of Textiles Smriti Zubin Irani
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Minister of Skill Development and Entrepren-eurship.
Dharmen-dra Pradhan
Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Earth Science, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Harsh Vardhan
Ministry of Defence Nirmala Sitharaman
29. Census 2011
The Indian Census 2011 was referred to as the seventh census operation after Indian
Independence. The national census 2011 has been run on all the 28 states of the country
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and the seven Union Territories. The data of Indian census 2011 covers all the major aspects of society like population, sex ratio and literacy percentage as well.
• First census was conducted in 1872. • Census 2011 were released in New Delhi on
31st March 2011 by Union Home Secretary GK Pillai and RGI C Chandramouli.
• Census 2011 was the 15th census of India& 7th census after Independence.
• Total estimated cost of the Census was INR 2200 crore (US$350 million).
• Total Population estimated - 1,210,569,573 (1.21 Billion).
• India in 2nd rank in population with 17.64% decadal growth & China is 1st rank with decadal growth 19% (over 1.35 billion).
• Total male Population - [Males - 623.7 million (51.54%)].
• Total Females Population - 586.46 million (48.46%).
• Highest Populated State - Uttar Pradesh followed by Maharashtra and Bihar.
• Least Populated State - Sikkim • Highest Populated Union territory - New
Delhi • Least populated Union Territory -
Lakshadweep followed by Daman and Diu • Highest Urban population In India-
Maharashtra – 4,11,00,980
• Lowest urban Population in India - Lakshadweep – 26,967
• Highest Rural Population in India - Uttar Pradesh – 13,16,58,339
• Lowest Rural Population in India (state & UT)- Lakshadweep – 33,683
• The next Census will be out by 2021. Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 Males)- 943: 1000
Sex Ratio State
Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 Males)
Kerala (1084)
Lowest sex ratio Haryana (879) Highest sex ratio in UT Pondicherry
(1037) Lowest sex ratio in UT Daman and Diu
(618) Child (0-6 years) sex ratio 914 Highest child (0-6) sex ratio in state
Mizoram (971)
Lowest child (0-6) sex ratio in state
Haryana (830)
Literacy Rate in India
Males 82.14% Females 65.46% Highest Literacy Rate in State
Kerala (94%)
Lowest Literacy Rate in State
Bihar (61.8%)
Highest Literacy Rate in UT
Lakshadweep (91%)
Lowest Literacy Rate in UT
Dadra and Nagar Haveli (76.24%
30. Rivers, Dams & States
State Name River Name
Andhra Pradesh
Somasila Dam Pennar River Srisailam Dam Krishna River
Gujarat Ukai Dam Tapti River Dharoi Dam Sabarmati
River Kadana dam Mahi River Dantiwada Dam Banas River Sardar Sarovar Dam (Narmada
Narmada River
Dam) Himachal Pradesh and Punjab Border
Bhakra Nangal Dam
Sutlej River
Himachal Pradesh
Pandoh Dam Beas River Nathpa Jhakri Dam
Satluj River
Chamera Dam Ravi River Jammu Baglihar Dam Chenab River
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and Kashmir
Dumkhar Hydroelectric Dam
Indus River
Uri Hydroelectric Dam
Jhelum River
Jharkhand
Maithon Dam Barakar River Chandil Dam Swarnarekha
River Panchet Dam Damodar
River Karnataka
Tunga Bhadra Dam
Tungabhadra River
Linganamakki dam Sharavathi River
Kadra Dam Kalinadi River
Alamatti Dam Krishna River Supa Dam Kalinadi or
Kali river Krishna Raja Sagara Dam
Kaveri River
Harangi Dam Harangi River Narayanpur Dam Krishna River Kodasalli Dam Kali River
Kerala Malampuzha Dam
Malampuzha River
Peechi Dam Manali River Idukki Dam Periyar River Kundala Dam Kundala Lake Parambikulam Dam
Parambikulam River
Walayar Dam Walayar River
Mullaperiyar Dam
Periyar River
Neyyar Dam Neyyar River Madhya Pradesh
Barna Dam Barna River Bargi Dam Narmada
River Bansagar Dam Sone River Gandhi Sagar Dam
Chambal River
Maharashtra
Yeldari Dam Purna river Ujani Dam Bhima River
Pawna Dam Maval River Mulshi Dam Mula River Koyna Dam Koyna River Jayakwadi Dam Godavari
River Bhatsa Dam Bhatsa river Wilson Dam Pravara River Tansa Dam Tansa river Panshet Dam Ambi River Mula Dam Mula river Kolkewadi Dam Vashishti
River Girna Dam Girana river Vaitarna Dam Vaitarna river Khadakwasla Dam
Mutha River
Gangapur Dam Godavari river
Telangana
Radhanagari Dam
Bhogawati River
Lower Manair Dam
Manair River
Mid Manair Dam Manair River and SRSP Flood Flow Canal
Upper Manair Dam
Manair River and Kudlair River
Singur dam Manjira River Nizam Sagar Dam Manjira River
Odisha Indravati Dam Indravati River
Hirakud Dam Mahanadi River
Tamil Nadu
Vaigai Dam Vaigai River Perunchani Dam Paralayar
River Mettur Dam Kaveri River
Uttarakhand
Tehri Dam Bhagirathi River
Dhauli Ganga Dam
31. List of Major Ports in India
Name of the Sea Ports
Coast State
Kandla Western Coast
Gujarat
Mumbai Western Coast
Maharashtra
Jawaharlal Nehru Western Coast
Maharashtra
Marmugoa Western Coast
Goa
Mangalore Western Coast
Karnataka
Cochin Western Coast
Kerala
Haldia Eastern Coast
West Bengal
Paradip Eastern Odisha
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Coast Vishakhapatnam Eastern
Coast Andhra Pradesh
Chennai Eastern Coast
Tamil Nadu
Ennore Eastern Coast
Tamil Nadu
Tuticorin Eastern Coast
Tamil Nadu
32. Major Atomic/Thermal/Hydro Power Plants
There are 3 major resources through which Power Station runs in India. 1. Nuclear Power Plants 2. Thermal Power Plants 3. Hydropower Plants
Nuclear Power Plant in India Nuclear power stations are the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after Thermal, Hydroelectric and Renewable sources of electricity. As of 2016, India has 21 nuclear reactors in 7 Nuclear Power plants. Some Nuclear Power plants are under construction and some are planned projects which will be implemented in future.
Atomic Power Station State
Narora Nuclear Power plant Uttar Pradesh
Rawatbhatta Nuclear Power plant
Rajasthan
Kakarpar Nuclear Power plant Gujarat Kaiga Nuclear Power plant Karnataka Kundankullam Nuclear Power plant
Tamil Nadu
Kalpakkam Nuclear Power plant Tamil Nadu Tarapur Nuclear Power plant Maharashtra Rajasthan Atomic Power Station Rajasthan Thermal Power Plant in India Thermal power is the largest source of power in India. There are different types of Thermal power plants based on the fuel used to generate the steam such as coal, gas, and Diesel. About 65% of electricity consumed in India are generated by thermal power plants.
Thermal Power Station State
Singrauli Thermal Power Plant
Madhya Pradesh
Ramagundam Thermal Power Plant
Andhra Pradesh
Dadri Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Talcher Thermal Power plant Odisha Korba Thermal Power plant Chhattisgarh
Vindhyachal Thermal Power plant
Madhya Pradesh
Farakka Thermal Power plant West Bengal Mudra Thermal Power plant Gujarat Sipat Thermal Power plant Chhattisgarh Rihand Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Jharsuguda Thermal Power plant
Odisha
Tiroda Thermal Power plant Maharashtra Anpara Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Barauni Thermal Power plant Bihar Bellary Thermal Power plant Karnataka Durgapur Thermal Power plant
West Bengal
Sikka Thermal Power plant Gujarat Satpura Thermal Power plant Madhya
Pradesh Wanakbori Thermal Power plant
Gujarat
Obra Thermal Power plant Uttar Pradesh Udupi Thermal Power plant Karnataka Simhadri Thermal Power plant
Andhra Pradesh
Hydropower Plant in India Hydropower is one of the oldest and widely used renewable sources of energy. India is the 7th largest producer of hydroelectric power in the world and ranks 3rd worldwide by its total number of dams.
Hydropower Station
City State
Koyna Hydro Electric Power plant
Koyna Maharashtra
Hirakund Hydro Electric Power plant
Mahanadi Odisha
Idukki Hydro Electric Power plant
Periyar Kerala
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Nagarjuna Hydro Electric Power plant
Krishna Andhra Pradesh
Tehri Hydro Electric Power plant
Bhagirathi Uttarakhand
Bhakra Nangal Hydro Electric Power plant
Sutlej Himachal Pradesh
Sardar Sarovar Hydro Electric Power plant
Narmada Gujarat
Nathpa Jhakri Hydro Electric Power plant
Sutlej Himachal Pradesh
Srisailam Hydro Electric Power plant
Krishna Andhra Pradesh
Indirasagar Hydro Electric Power plant
Narmada Madhya Pradesh
Sharavathi Hydro Electric Power plant
Sharavathi Karnataka
Dehar Hydro Electric Power plant
Beas Himachal Pradesh
Kalinadi Hydro Electric Power plant
Kalinadi Karnataka
Teesta Hydro Electric Power plant
Teesta Sikkim
Baira-Siul Hydro Baira Himachal
Electric Power plant
Pradesh
Salal Hydro Electric Power plant
Chenab Jammu and Kashmir
Machkund Hydro Electric Power plant
Machkund Andhra Pradesh, Orissa
Balimela Hydro Electric Power plant
Sileru Odisha
Subarnarekha Hydro Electric Power plant
Subarnarekha Jharkhand
Shivanasamudra Hydro Electric Power plant
Kaveri Karnataka
Loktak Hydro Electric Power plant
Leimtak Manipur
Rihand Hydro Electric Power plant
Rihand Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
Rangit Hydro Electric Power plant
Rangit Sikkim
Bansagar Hydro Electric Power plant
Sone Madhya Pradesh
Uri Hydro Electric Power plant
Jhelum Jammu and Kashmir
33. List of Upcoming Sports Venues
Asian Games Asian Games 2018 is a Pan India Multi Continental Event. This 18th Asian Games washeld from 18th August – 2nd September 2018. The Game is also known as Jakarta Palembang 2018.
Sports Venue 2014- Incheon, South Korea
Sports Venue 2018- Jakarta, Palembang, Indonesia
Sports Venue 2022- Hangzhou, China
Commonwealth Games The Commonwealth Games are an international multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930 and has taken place every four years since then.
Venue of CWG 2014 - Glasgow, Scotland
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Venue of CWG 2018 – Gold Coast, Australia Venue of CWG 2022- Birmingham, England
Sports - 69 Gold – 15 Silver - 24 Bronze - 30
Shooting – 9
Saurabh Chaudhary, Rahi Sarnobat
Deepak Kumar, Sanjeev Rajput, Lakshay, Shardul Vihan
Abhishek Verma, Apurvi Chandela, Ravi Kumar
Wrestling – 3
Bajrang Punia, Vinesh Phogat
- Divya Kakran
Sepaktakraw - 1
- - Men’s Team Regu
Tennis – 3
Mixed Double Team - Rohan Bopanna & Sharan Divij
-
Ankita Raina, Prajnesh Prabhakaran
Wushu -4 - -
Santosh Kumar, Surya Bhanu Pratap, Narender Grewal, Roshibina Devi
Kabaddi – 2
- Women's Team
Men's Team
Rowing – 3
Men's Quadruple Sculls Team
-
Dushyant, Men's Lightweight Double Sculls Team
Athletics - 19
Tajinderpal Singh, Neeraj Chopra, Manjit Singh, Arpinder Singh, Jinson Jhonson, Swapna Barman,
Muhammed Anas, Dharun Ayyasamy, Dutee Chand in both 100m & 200m, Hima Das, Sudha Singh,
Seema Punia, Chitra Unnikrishnan
Women's 400m Relay.
Neena Varakil, Jinson Jhonson, Mixed 400m Relay, Men's 400m Relay
Equestrian - 2
-
Fouaad Mirza, Men's Eventing Team
-
Squash - 5 - Women's Team
Saurav Ghosal, Joshana Chinappa, Dipika Pallikal, Men's Team
Bridge - 3 Men's Pair
- Men's Team, Mixed Team
Badminton - 2
- P V Sindhu
Saina Nehwal
Archery – 2 -
Men's Team and Women's Team
Table Tennis- 2
- - Men's Team, Mixed Doubles
Kurash – 2 - Pincky Balhara
Malaprabha Yallappa
Sailing - 3 - 49er FX Women's Team
Harshita Tomar, 49er FX Men's Team
Hockey - 2 - Women's Team
Men's Team
Boxing - 2 Amit Vikas Krishan
Olympics Games
Sports – 13
Gold – 3 Silver – 9 Bronze – 1
Shooting – 4
Manu Bhaker(10m Air Pistol)
Tushar Mane (Boy’s 10m Air Rifle)
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Saurabh Chaudhary(10m Air Pistol)
Mehuli Ghosh (Girl’s 10m Air Rifle)
Judo – 1
Tababi Devi (44 kg)
Weightlifting – 1
Jeremy Lalrinnunga(Boy’s 62 kg)
Badminton – 1
Lakshaya Sen (Boys’ singles)
Wrestling – 1
Simran(Girls’ 10m 43kg freestyle)
Athletics – 2
Suraj Panwar (Boy’s 5000m Walk)
Praveen Chitravel(Boy’s Triple Jump)
Hockey – 2
India’s Men Team
India’s
Women
Team
Archery – 1
Akash Malik (Boy’s recurve)
Indian Premier League
Season 1: Rajasthan Royals Season 2: Deccan Chargers Season 3: Chennai Super Kings Season 4: Chennai Super Kings Season 5: Kolkata Knight Riders Season6: Mumbai Indians Season7: Kolkata Knight Riders Season8: Mumbai Indians. Season9: Sun risers Hyderabad Season10: Mumbai Indians Season11: Chennai Super Kings Pro Kabaddi League
Season 1: Jaipur Pink Panthers Season 2: U Mumba Season 3: Patna Pirates Season 4: Patna Pirates. Season 5: Patna Pirates Season 6: Bengaluru Bulls Indian Super League(ISL)
Season1 (2014): ATLETICO KOLKATA. Season 2 (2015): CHENNAIYIN. Season 3 (2016): ATLETICO KOLKATA. Season 4 (2017): CHENNAIYIN. KERALA BLASTERS have been the Runners –Up twice for the ISL games.
34. List of New Appointments
Person Post PV Bharathi MD-CEO of Corporation Bank
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Raninder Singh Vice-Presidents of the International Shooting Sports Federation (ISSF)
A.S. Rajeev MD & CEO of Bank of Maharashtra
Ajay Narayan Jha Finance Secretary of GoI
Jon Ridgeon CEO of International
Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)
Bhupesh Baghel CM of Chattisgarh
Ashok Gehlot CM of Rajasthan
Kamal Nath CM of Madhya Pradesh
Zoramthanga CM of Mizoram
Ramphal Pawar Director of National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
Brijendra Pal Singh
President of Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) Society
Rajiv Mehrishi Vice-Chair of the United Nation's Panel of Auditors
Shaktikanta Das RBI Governor
Arundhati Bhattacharya
Chairman of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication)
Krishnamurthy Subramanian
Chief Economic Advisor (CEA)
Madhavi Divan Additional Solicitor General (ASG)
Uday Shankar Vice-President of FICCI
Srinivas Kandula Chairman of Capgemini
Pranab Kumar Chairman of CBIC
Das
Nilanjan Roy CFO of Infosys
Rajeev Mehta President of the South Asian Fencing Federation (SAFF)
Sangeeta Verma Member of Competition Commission of India (CCI)
Ambika Prasad Panda
CMD of South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL).
Pranav R Mehta President of Global Solar Council (GSC)
Gita Gopinath Chief Economist at IMF
Kumar Rajesh Chandra
Director General of the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB).
Vinod Kumar Yadav
Chairman of Railway Board
B Radhakrishnan CJ of Telangana HC
Sudhir Bhargava Chief Information Commissioner in the CIC.
Jaideep Govind Secretary General of NHRC
TCA Anant & Rajiv Nayan Choubey
Member of UPSC
Manu Sawhney CEO of ICC
V Vaidyanathan MD and CEO of IDFC First Bank
Juan Guaido President of Venezuela
Rishi Kumar CBI Director
Parthasarathi Mukherjee
MD of Lakshmi Vilas Bank
Ravneet Gill CEO of Yes bank
35. National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
State National Park Wildlife
Sanctuary
Andaman & Nicobar
Campbell National Park
Barren Island Wildlife Sanctuary Sir Hugh Rose Island Wildlife Sanctuary
Andhra Pradesh
Sri Venkates-wara National Park Papikonda
Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary Kolleru Lake
National Park Arunachal Pradesh
Namdapha National Park Mouling National Park
Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary
Assam Dibru Saikhowa National Park Kaziranga National Park Manas National Park
Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary Dipor Bil
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Orang National Park
Wildlife Sanctuary
Bihar Valmiki National Park
Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary Rajgir Wildlife Sanctuary
Chhattis-garh
Indravati National Park Guru Ghasidas National Park
Bhairam-garh Wildlife Sanctuary
Goa Bhagwan Mahavir National Park
Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary
Gujarat Gir forest national park Blackbuck National Park Marine National park
Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary
Jammu & Kashmir
Dachigam National Park Hemis National Park
Karakoram Wildlife Sanctuary Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary
Jharkhand Betla National Park
Palamau Wildlife Sanctuary Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary
Karnataka Anshi National Park Bandipur National Park Bannerghatta National Park
Ghatapra-bha Wildlife Sanctuary Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary
Kerala Periyar National Park Anamudi National Park
Parambi-kulam Wildlife Sanctuary Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary
Madhya Pradesh
Van Vihar National Park Kanha Kisli National Park Fossil National Park Bandhavgarh National Park
Bori Wildlife Sanctuary Ken Gharial Sanctuary Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary
Maharashtra Chandoli National Park Sanjay Gandhi National Park Tadoba National Park Pench National Park
Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary
Manipur Keibul Lamjao National Park Balphakram National Park
-
Meghalaya Nokrek National Park
-
Mizoram Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park
Dampa Tiger Reserve
Nagaland Intanki National Park
-
Odisha Bhitarkanika National Park Simlipal National Park
Chilika Bird Sanctuary
Punjab - Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary Harike Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
Rajasthan Desert National Park
Mount Abu Wildlife
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Keoladeo National Park Rantham-bore National Park Darrah National Park
Sanctuary Sariska Tiger Reserve
Sikkim Kanchend-zonga National Park
Kyongnosla Alpine Wildlife Sanctuary
Tamil Nadu Gulf of Mannar National Park Palani Hills National Park Mudumalai National Park
Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary
Telangana Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park
Eturnag-aram Wildlife Sanctuary Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary
Tripura Bison National Park Clouded Leopard National Park
-
Uttarakhand Valley of Flowers National Park Rajaji National Park Nanda Devi National Park Jim Corbett National Park
-
Uttar Pradesh
Dudhwa National Park
Kaimur Sanctuary Okhla Bird Sanctuary
West Bengal Neora National Park
Buxa Tiger Reserve Murti Wildlife Sanctuary
36. Important Days
SEPTEMBER
Date Day Theme
1st September
National Nutrition Week
-
5th September
Teachers’ Day -
8th September
International Literacy Day
Literacy and skills
development.
16th September
World Ozone Day
Keep Cool and Carry on: Montreal Protocol
21st September
Alzheimer’s Day
Science and technology for a sustainable
future
27th September
World Tourism Day
Tourism and the Digital
Transformation 29th
September World Heart
Day -
OCTOBER
Date Day Theme
1st October International
Day for the Elderly
Celebrating Older Human
Rights champions
2ndOctober
Gandhi Jayanthi/
International Day of Non-
Violence
-
5th October World
Teachers' Day
The right to education
means the right to a qualified
teacher
9th October World Post Office Day
-
10th October
World Mental Health Day
Young people and mental health in a
changing world
11th October
International Day of the Girl
Child
With Her: A Skilled Girl
Force
12th World Arthritis It's in your
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October Day hands, take action
13th October
International Day for Disaster
Reduction
-
15th October
International Day of Rural
Women
Sustainable infrastructure,
services and social
protection for gender equality
and the empowerment of rural women
and girls 16th
October World Food
Day Our Actions
Are Our Future
24th October
World Development Information
Eliminate Hepatitis
Day/UN Day
NOVEMBER
Date Day Theme 5th
November World Tsunami
Day -
10th November
World Science Day for Peace
and Development
Science, a Human Right
14th November
Children’s Day/Diabetes
Day
The Family and Diabetes
16th November
International Day for
Tolerance
19th November
World Toilet Day
When nature calls, we need a
toilet 26th
November Constitution
day
37. Joint Military Exercises
Name of
Exercise
Countries Place
Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT)
India and Bangladesh
Chittagong, Bangladesh
Malabar India, US and Japan
Guam, Western Pacific Pacific Ocean.
Harimau Shakti
India and Malaysia
Hulu Langat forest, Malaysia
Varuna India and France
Phase- I: Mormugao Port Trust (MPT),Vasco da Gama, Goa Phase –II: Chennai coast Phase-III: La Reunion Island
Surya Kiran XIII
India and Nepal
Pithoragarh, India
Lamitye VIII India and Seychelles
Mahe, Seychelles
Shakti IV India and France
Mailly – le – Camp. France
Vajra Prahar India and US Joint Base Lewis-McChord, United States
Vinbax 1 India and Vietnam
Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh
Hamesha Vijayee
Southern Command
Rajasthan
Ekuverin VIII India and Maldives
Belgaum, India
Ajeya Warrior
India and UK Mahajan Firing Range, India
IMBAX I India and Myanmar
Shillong, India
Danx 50 Parachute Brigade
Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
Sampriti VII India and Bangladesh
Shillong, India
PRABAL DOSTYK
India And Kazakhstan Army
Himachal Pradesh, India
INDRA Indo-Russia Armed Forces
Sea Of Japan Near Vladivostok, Russia
MITRA SHAKTI
India - Sri Lanka Army
Pune, India
YUDH ABHYAS
United States And Indian Army
Washington, US
Maitree Indian Army and Royal Thailand Army
Himanchal Pradesh, India
Thar Shakti X Corps Rajasthan, India NOMADIC ELEPHANT
India-Mongolian Military
Mizoram, India
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Exercise Bold Kurukshetra
India and Singapore
Madhya Pradesh, India
AL-NAGAH-II Oman And Indian Army
Himachal Pradesh, India
Khanjar IV India and Kyrgyzstan
Kok Jhangak, Kyrgyzstan
38. Reports & Indices
Report/
Index
Publis-
hed by
HQ Rank
Ease of Doing Business Report
World Bank
Washington DC
77
International Intellectual Property Index
US chamber of Commerce Global innovation Policy Centre
US 44
Global Gender Gap Index
World economic forum
Switzerland
108
Gender Parity Index
UNESCO Paris, France
108
World Happiness Report
United nations sustainable development solution network
133
World Migration Report
International Migration Organisation
Geneva, Switzerland
1
Global Competitiveness Index
World Economic Forum
58
Environmental Performance Index
World Economic Forum
Switzerland
177
Global Hunger Index
International Food Policy Research
Washington
103(2017)
Inclusive Internet Index
Econo-mist Intellig-ence Unit
- 47
World Press Freedom Index
Reporters without Border
France 138
Foreign Direct Investment Confidence Index 2018
AT Kearney
11
World Competitiveness Ranking 2018
International Institute for Management Development
Lausanne, Switzerland
45
Global Peace Index 2018
Institute for Economics & Peace
136
Energy Transition Index
World Economic Forum
Cologny, Switzerland
78
39. Classical Folk Dances
Classical Dance
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Dance State
Bharatanatyam Tamil Nadu
Manipuri Manipur
Odissi Odisha
Kuchipudi Andhra Pradesh
Kathakali Kerala
Kathak Uttar Pradesh
Sattriya Assam
Mohiniyattam Kerala
Folk Dance
Dance State
Rasleela Uttar Pradesh
Bihu Assam
Fugdi Goa
Garba, Dandiya Raas Gujarat
Raut Nacha Chhattisgarh
Maach Madhya Pradesh
Thang Ta Manipur
Dumhal, Rauf Jammu and kashmir
Nati Himachal pradesh
Giddha, Bhangra Punjab
Ghumura Odisha
Lavni Maharashtra
Ghoomar, Kalbelia Rajasthan
Puli Kali Kerala
Chhau West Bengal
40. Stock Exchanges Around the World
Stock Exchange Country
Located
Bombay Stock Exchange India
National Stock Exchange of India
India
Euronext European Union
B3 Brazil
Shanghai Stock Exchange China
Hong Kong Stock Exchange Hong Kong
NASDAQ USA
Tokyo Stock Exchange Japan
London Stock Exchange UK
Bombay Stock Exchange has become the India’s
first exchange to be designated as a Designated Offshore Security Market by US security and
exchange Commission.
41. Nick Names of Cities
Nicknames Cities
City of Pearls Hyderabad Silicon Valley of India Bengaluru
Venice of East Alappuzha Mini Bombay Indore
Manchester of East Kanpur
Athens of East Madurai Blue City Jodhpur
Orange city Nagpur Cotton City Akola
Land of Litchi Muzaffarpur Queen of Arabian Sea Kochi
City of Black Diamonds Dhanbad
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Sandalwood City Mysore
42. International Organisations & Headquarters
International
Organization
Headed by HQs
United Nations Organisation
Antonio Guterres, Sec-General
New York, U.S
International Monetary Fund
Christine Lagarde, MD
Washington D. C, Columbia
World Bank Jim Yong Kim, President
Washington D. C, Columbia
World Trade Organisation
Roberto Azevedo, Director-General
Geneva, Switzerland
UNESCO Audrey Azoulay, Director-General
Paris, France
New Development Bank, BRICS
K. V. Kamath, President
Shanghai, China
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
Jin Liqun, President
Beijing, China
International Court of Justice
Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf, President
Peace Palace,Netherlands
UN General Miroslav Lajcak, New York,
Assembly President U.S Asian Development Bank
Takehiko Nakao, President
Mandaluyong, Philippines
World Health Organistaion
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General
Geneva, Switzerland
International Olympic Committee
Thomas Bach, President
Lausanne, Switzerland
International Atomic Energy Agency
Yukiya Amano, Director-General
Vienna, Austria
North Atlantic Treaty Organization,NATO
Jens Stoltenberg, Sec-General
Brussels, Belgium
ASEAN Lim Jock Hoi, Sec-General
Jakarta, Indonesia
SAARC Amjad Hussain B Sial, Sec-General
Kathmandu
43. Famous Temples
Temple Year Place Built By
Virupaksha Temple
7th Century
Hampi, Karnataka
Queen Lokhama- hadevi
Meenakshi Temple
1623- 1655 CE
Madurai Tamil Nadu
Vishwanantha Nayakar
Ramanatha swamy Temple
7th– 8th century
Rameshwaram Island, Tamil Nadu
Pandya & Jaffna Kings
Suchindram Temple
17th century
Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Nambudiri Brahmins
Vitthala Temple
15th century
Hampi, Karnataka
King Devaraya II
Brihadesh 11th Thanjavur, Raja Raja
wara Temple
century
Tamilnandu
Chola I
Airavateswara Temple
12th century
Darasuram Rajaraja Chola II
Venkateswara Temple
300 AD
Tirumala, Andhra Pradesh
King Thondaiman
Kashi Vishwanath
1780 Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Ahilya Bai
Lord Jagannath Temple
1611 Puri, Odisha
Indrady- umna
Vaishno Devi Temple
– Jammu –
Somnath – Gujarat Moon God
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Shirdi Sai Baba Temple
1922 Shirdi, Maharashtra
–
Badrinath 9th century C.E
Uttarakhand
Adi Shankara
Kedarnath 8th century
Garhwal area Uttarakhand
Pandavas
Konark Sun Temple
13th century
Odisha Narasimha deva
Sanchi Stupa
3rd century BC
Raisen, Madhya Pradesh
Asoka
Siddhivinayak
18th centu
Prabha Devi,
–
Temple ry Mumbai The Golden Temple
1577 Amritsar, Punjab
Guru Ram Das
Mahabodhi Temple
3rd century B.C
Bihar Ashoka
Kamakhya Temple
8th-17th century
Nilachal Hill, Guwahati
–
Amarnath Cave Temple
– Jammu and Kashmir
Natural formation
Yamunotri Temple
19th century
Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand
Maharani Gularia
Gangotri Temple
18th century
Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand
Amar Singh Thapa
44. Stadiums in India
Name City/Location
Baichung Stadium Namchi Bakshi Stadium Srinagar Barabati Cuttack Barkatullah Khan Jodhpur Barkatullah University Stadium Bhopal Biju Patnaik Hockey Stadium Rourkela Birsa Munda Athletics Ranchi Brabourne Mumbai Buddh International Circuit Greater Noida Cooperage Football Stadium Mumbai Dhyan Chand National Delhi Dy Patil Navi Mumbai Eden Gardens Kolkata East Coast Railway Stadium Bhubaneswar Feroz Shah Kotla Delhi Green Park Stadium Kanpur Guru Gobind Singh Stadium Nanded Guru Nanak Stadium Ludhiana
JSCA International Cricket Stadium
Ranchi
Kanchenjunga Stadium Siliguri Lal Bahadur Shastri Hyderabad M. Chinnaswamy Bangaluru Ma Chidambaram Chennai New Bangalore Football Stadium
Bangalore
Punjab Cricket Association IS Bindra Stadium
Mohali
Salt Lake Stadium Kolkata Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium
Ahmedabad
Sawai Mansingh Jaipur Sector 42 Stadium Chandigarh Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium Srinagar Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium
Nagpur
Wankhede Mumbai
45. Boundary Lines
• Radcliffe Line - This is the boundary line
between India and Pakistan. It was
drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe on 17th
August 1947 because of the separation between the two countries.
• Durand Line - This demarcates the
boundary of Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• Hindenburg Line - This is the boundary
dividing Poland and Germany.
• McMahon Line - It is the boundary line
between India and China and it was
drawn by Sir Henry McMahon.
• Marginal Line - This line was drawn up
by General Mannerheim between
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Russia-Finland border. It is a 320-km line of fortification.
• Maginot Boundary Line - This boundary
line demarcates France and Germany
• Oder-Neisse Line - This line was drawn
between Poland and Germany after the
Second World War
• 8th Parallel - It is the boundary between
North and South Korea.
• 49th Parallel - This represents the
boundary between Canada and USA.
• Mannerheim Line - This line demarcates
Russia and Finland.
• Mason-Dixon Line - It is a line of
demarcation between four states in the United State.
• Siegfried Line - It is the boundary
between Germany and France.
• 24th Parallel - Pakistan feels that this
should be the actual line between India
and Pakistan. However, India does not
approve of this.
• 17th Parallel - It defined the boundaries
between North and South Vietnam
before they unit
46. Books & Authors
Authors Books
Dr Rajesh Bhat Radio Kashmir – In Times of Peace & War
Krishna Trilok 'Notes of a Dream: The Authorized Biography of AR Rahman',
Karunya Keshav and Sidhanta Pathak
'The Fire Burns Blue: A History of Women's Cricket in India'
Stephen Hawking "Brief Answers to the Big Questions"
Vijayan Bala Indian Sports: Conversations and Reflections
Rima Hooja "Maharana Pratap: The Invincible Warrior"
Paramveer Parwane Prabhakiran Jain
Across the bench - Insight into Indian Military Judicial System Gyan Bhushan Imperfect Sanjay
Manjrekar Bollywood: "The Amitabh
Films", "The Songs", "The Stars"
Bacchhan
The Diary of a Domestic Diva Shilpa Shetty I Do What I Do Raghuram
Rajan Immortal India Amish Tripathi How India Sees the World Shyam Saran The Shershah of Kargil Deepak Surana Kadwe Vachan Tarun Sagar
Maharaj I am HIV Positive. So What? Jayanta Lalita Cyptocurrency for Beginners
Amit Bharadwaj
Making of a Legend Bindeshwr Pathak
Unstoppable: My Life So Far
Maria Sharapova
Dalhousie Through my Eyes Kiran Chadha Playing With Fire Katie Price The Ministry Of Utmost Happiness Arundhati Roy Crisis Within Ganesh Devy Indira Gandhi - A life In Nature Jairam Ramesh Beren and Luthein J.R.R Tolkein "Yug Purus, Bharat Ratna, Atal Ji"
Ramesh Pokhriyal
One Life is not enough Natwar Singh Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences
APJ Abdul Kalam & Arun
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with Pramukh Swamij Tiwari Red Tape to Red Carpet…and then some Gina Rinehart Beyond Doubt: A Dossier on Gandhi's Assassination
Teesta Setalvad
Sleeping on Jupiter Anuradha Roy Flood Of Fire Amitav Ghosh How to be Both Ali Smith Sourav Ganguly: Cricket, Captaincy and Controversy
Saptarshi Sarkar
The Red Sari Javier Moro Farishta Kapil Isapuri Modi - Incredible emergence of a star Tarun Vijay Radio Kashmir – In Times of Peace & War
Dr Rajesh Bhat
'Notes of a Dream: The Authorized Biography of AR Rahman',
Krishna Trilok
'The Fire Burns Blue: A History of Women's Cricket in India'
Karunya Keshav and Sidhanta Pathak
"Brief Answers to the Big Questions"
Stephen Hawking
Indian Sports: Conversations and Reflections
Vijayan Bala
"Maharana Pratap: The Invincible Warrior"
Rima Hooja
47. Nobel Prize Winners 2018
Field Winners Description
Medicine or Physiology
James P. Allison & Tasuku Honjo
For the discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation
Physics Arthur Ashkin For the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems
Gerard Mourou & Donna Strickland
For their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses
Chemistry Frances H. Arnold
For the directed evolution of enzymes
George P. Smith & Gregory P. Winter
For the phage display of peptides and antibodies
Peace Denis Mukwege & Nadia Murad
For their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict
Economic Sciences
Paul M. Romer For integrating technological innovations into the long-run macroeconomic analysis
William D. Nordhaus
For integrating climate change into the long-run macroeconomic analysis
48. UNESCO World Heritage Site
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Name of sites Year Location
Ajanta Caves 1983 Maharashtra
Ellora Caves 1983 Maharashtra
Agra Fort 1983 Uttar Pradesh
Taj Mahal 1983 Uttar Pradesh
Sun Temple 1984 Orissa
Mahabalipuram Monuments
1984 Tamil Nadu
Kaziranga National Park
1985 Assam
Keoladeo National Park
1985 Rajasthan
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
1985 Assam
Churches and Convents of Goa
1986 Goa
Monuments of Khajuraho
1986 Madhya Pradesh
Monuments of Hampi
1986 Karnataka
Fatehpur Sikri 1986 Uttar Pradesh
Elephanta Caves 1987 Maharashtra
Great Living Chola Temples
1987 Tamil Nadu
Pattadakal Monuments
1987 Karnataka
Sundarbans National Park
1987 West Bengal
Nanda Devi & Valley of Flowers National Park
1988 Uttarakhand
Monuments of Buddha
1989 Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh
Humayun’s Tomb 1993 Delhi
Qutub Minar 1993 Delhi
Mountain Railways of Darjeeling, Kalka Shimla & Nilgiri
1999 Darjeeling (West Bengal), Kalka Shimla (Himachal Pradesh), Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu)
Mahabodhi Temple 2002 Bihar
Bhimbetka Rock Shelters
2003 Madhya Pradesh
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
2004 Maharashtra
Champaner- Pavagadh Archaeological Park
2004 Gujarat
Red Fort 2007 Delhi
Jantar Mantar 2010 Rajasthan
Western Ghats 2012 Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
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Maharashtra
Hill Forts 2013 Rajasthan
Rani Ki Vav (The Queen’s Stepwell)
2014 Gujarat
Great Himalayan National Park
2014 Himachal Pradesh
Nalanda 2016 Bihar
Khangchendzonga National Park
2016 Sikkim
Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
2016 Chandigarh
Historic City 2017 Ahmedabad
Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles
2018 Mumbai