Gildas the Wise Works

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Gildas, The Ruin of Britain &c. (1899) Introduction.

Cymmrodorion Record eries,

No. 3.

GILDAS.

PART I.

LONDON:

PUBLISHED FOR THE HONOURABLE SOCIETY OF CYMMRODORION,BY

DAVID NUTT, 270, 271, STRAND.

------18.

To be completed in Three Parts, Price 21 s.

T!" !#$#%RB'" #CI"T # C**R#+#RI#$.

President:---- The Most Honorable Marquess of Bute, K.T.

THE HONOURABLE SOCIETY OF CYMMRODORION, o!"#"$%&&' (o)$*+* )$*+! Ro'%& %!o$%#+ "$ 171, /%!+"+* "$ 1873, /" + o4+5 o( !"$#"$# "$o 5&o+! 5o$%5 6+&+$, %!"5)&%!&' o+ !+"*+$ o) o( 6%&+,

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M++"$# o( + So5"+' %!+ +&* "$ Lo$*o$ *)!"$# + S!"$# %$* S)+! o$, (o! + R+%*"$# o( P%+! o$L"+!%!', S5"+$"("5, %$* A!""5 )4+5, %$* (o! + *"5)"o$ o( !%5"5%& )+"o$ /""$ + 5o+ o( +

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Cymmrodor, Vo&. "", ", , ", "", """, ", , ", "", 10. * +! o&)+. Vo&. " %$* """ %!+ o) o( !"$.

The !istory of the Cymmrodorion. O) o( P!"$. +ictionary in "nlyshe and /elshe, ' 6'&&'% S%&+)!' 1?7. F%5""&+, &%5@ &++!. ? %!, 2. 6d. +%5.The Gododin of neurin G0a0drydd, ' To% S++$, A)o! o( The Literature of the Kmr. %!, !s.

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P!"5+ 10. 6d.

To be obtained on application to the &ecretar, at the $mmrodorion Librar, ?, $hancer Lane, London, '.$.

>ILDAE

DE ECIDIO BRITANNIAE,

FRA>MENTA, LIBER DE PAENITENTIA,

ACCEDIT ET

LORICA >ILDAE.

>ILDAS:

TH( %)"* + B%"T"*, %M(*T& %+M L+&T L(TT(%&, TH( P(*"T(*T"L,

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BY


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HU>H 6ILLIAMS, M. A.,

PROFESSOR OF CHURCH HISTORY AT THE THEOLO>ICAL COLLE>E, BALA.

LONDON:

PUBLISHED FOR THE HONOURABLE SOCIETY OF CYMMRODORION,

BY

DAVID NUTT.------

18.

LONDON :

PRINTED AT THE BEDFORD PRESS, 20 AND 21, BEDFORDBURY, 6.C.

-R"'I*I$R $#T".

IN + !++$ +*""o$, " " "$+$*+* o )&" "$ % 5o&&+5+* (o! + /o!@ %5!"+* o >"&*% (o! /"5, !o)#&'

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188.

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Bussordnun0en H%&&+, 181, %$* H%**%$ %$* S), $ouncils, o&. ", . 113 18. P+$"+$"%&, ++5"%&&' %

(o)$* "$ + C+&"5 !+%"$, o/ + #!%*)%& ++$"o$ o( *"5"&"$%!' !)&+ o+! + &"(+, 5"+(&' o( o$@, ) %&o

o( o+ &""$# o)"*+ + 5&o"+!, "$ % %#+.

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#+$)"$+ !o*)5"o$ o( >"&*%. T+ + /"&& + % !"$+* "$ THE IRISH LIBER HYMNORUM, )&"+* ' +H+$!' B!%*%/ So5"+', 187 o&. ", . 20, 5o%!+* /" % o( "+! "$ *ennius #indicatus: < D"+ Lorica

*+ >"&*%,< . 337.

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>"&*% /"5 % %+%!+* "$ + MONUMENTA >ERMANIAE H&STORICA, (o!"$# o&. """ o( + "&*%; /e (4cidio. 6" *++ !++5 %$* #!%")*+, D!. Mo+$; + % ++$ %*o+* (o! + !++$ +*""o$,

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o( + S+)%#"$9 o (%! " " + 5%+ % + >!++@ +!"o$ "+&(, (o! + )o%"o$ %*+ (!o o, EK+@"+&, +M"$o! P!o+, %$* o+ o+! oo@, +5o+ % $o )$"o!%$ %! o( + *o5)+$%!' +"*+$5+ (o! +

*++!"$%"o$ o( !+%*"$#. I % ++$ o +&o'+* "$ " +*""o$.

T+ FRA>MENTS ++ o !o/ % *""$5 %$* &+%"$# &"# )o$ + %$; 5%!%5+!, %$* + PENITENTIAL

/"&& "&&)!%+ + +#"$$"$# o( % +5)&"%! o*+ o( 5)!5 *"5"&"$+. E+!' o$+ o( + "+5+ $%+*, %(+! + /e

(4cidio, % ++$ %*+ + )4+5 o( +%!5"$# 5!""5%& +%"$%"o$, % !+#%!* + +, ' D!. 6%+!5&++$ o!+ &%+ M!. H+$!' B!%*%/, ' D!. H+"$!"5 "+! %$* + +*"o! o( The "rish Liber Hmnorum. T+

I$!o*)5"o$ %$* No+ "$ " +*""o$ /"&& +$*+%o)! o *+%& /" + )4+5-%+! o( +%5.

A$ )$!+4)*"5+* )*+$ o( >"&*% 5o+ %5@ o " /!""$# /" + (++&"$# % o+"$# o( %&)+ %', %$*o)# o, + #o o) o( +9 ' o/$ (!+)+$ !+%*"$# o( ++ % &+* + o % "#+! %!+5"%"o$ o( + %$ %$*

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/%, %$* ", 5%!%5+!""5 o( + C+&"5 !%5+. No/"%$*"$# %&& )5 &+"+, % )%$"%& $+ !o(" !+%"$ (o!

+ )*+$ o( "o!' %$* &"+!%)!+.

HU>H 6ILLIAMS.

Bala, &eptember 2th, 18.

This text was transcribed by Roger Pearse, Ipswich, UK, 2003. All aterial on this

page is in the p!blic doain " copy #reely.

$ree% text is rendered !sing the &cholars Press &PIonic #ont, #ree #ro here.

E%!&' C)!5 F%+! - A**""o$%&T+

Gildas, The Ruin of Britain &c. (1899). 22. 75. The Ruin of Britain.

+e "6cidio Britanniae.

OR

The Ruin of Britain.

-R"C".

Moties for 7ritin0 stated.

1. 6HATEVER ' %+ %&& + "$ " +"&+, %*+ o!+ "$ +%! %$ "$ *+$)$5"%"o$, "$ oo! '&+, I %&&o/,

) /" #oo* "$+$, &+ $o %$ !+#%!* + % "( %o) o +%@ )$*+! + "$(&)+$5+ o( 5o$+ (o! +$ "$ #+$+!%&,o! /" %$ "*+% o( )+!"o!"' o %&&, +5%)+ I /++ + #+$+!%& *+5%' o( #oo*, %$* + +%"$# ) o( +"&, /"

+%!()& 5o&%"$. O$ + 5o$!%!', &+ " "$@ o( + % % %$ % /"&& +%@ o) o( % (++&"$# o( 5o$*o&+$5+ /"

' 5o)$!'; &o+ %$* " "+!"+, %$* %!"$# "$ + 4o' o( !++*"+. I " $o o )5 ' )!o+ o $%!!%+ +

*%$#+! o( %%#+ /%!(%!+ "$5)!!+* ' !%+ o&*"+!, % o +&& o( + *%$#+! 5%)+* ' "$*o&+$ +$. I %+ @+

"&+$5+, I 5o$(+, /" "$("$"+ o!!o/ o( +%!, % + Lo!*, + +%!5+! o( + !+"$, " ' /"$+, (o! + % +$'+%! o! ++$ &o$#+!9 I /% !++$+* ' % +$+ o( "$++!"+$5+, % (++&"$# I %+ ++$ $o/, % /+&& % o( +%$ +!"

(!o /!""$# % %&& %*o$"o!' /o!@ o( %$' @"$*.

I )+* o !+%*, $++!+&+, o( + /o$*+!()& &+#"&%o!, % + *"* $o +$+! + *+"!+* &%$* +5%)+ o( +"%"o$ "$% "$#&+ /o!*9 % + !"+; o$, !o)# !"$#"$# !%$#+ ("!+ o + %&%!, +!"+* "$ )**+$ *+%9 % +

+o&+ /o !%$#!++* + /o!* o( >o*, 00,000 o( +, /o (%"()& o$+ +5+5*, %&o)# +&o+* o( >o*,

+5%)+ )$o + + /%' /% %*+ &%"$ o+! + +* o( + R+* S+%, +%+$&' !+%* /% #"+$ % (oo*, $+/

*!"$@ (!o + !o5@ (o&&o/+* +, +"! %!' /% %*+ "$"$5"&+ ' + +!+ &"("$# ) o( %$*----% "

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+o&+ (+&& "$ *"((+!+$ &%5+ ' /"&* +%, /o!* %$* ("!+ !o)#o) + *++! %! o( A!%"%. A(+! +"!

+$!%$5+ ' %$ )$@$o/$ #%+, + o!*%$, o o %', %$* + o+!!o/ o( + o"&+ /%&& o( + 5"' % + +!+

o)$* o( !)+ ' >o*; 5o%$*, I !+%* % % %&& %$&+ %$* % &"&+ #o&* %!o!"%+* o( + *+o+* "$#

&%"* %$' !o!%+9 % + 5o+$%$ /" + >"+o$"+, /+$ !o@+$ o)# /o$ ' #)"&+, !o)# *+!)5"o$)o$ o+: % +5%)+ o( + "$ o( +$ /+ %+ + 5o&%"$"$# o"5+ o( o&' !o+, %$* ++5"%&&' o(

+!+"%, /o +/%"& + !)"$ o( " 5"' "$ (o)! %&%+"5 o$#.

I %/ % "$ o)! "+ ++$, % + /+: The 7ido7ed cit sat solitar, heretofore filled 7ith people, ruler of the

entiles, princess of proinces, and had become tributar. B' " " +%$ + C)!5. The 0old hath become dim,

its best colour chan0ed3 /"5 +%$ + +5+&&+$5+ o( >o*; /o!*. The sons of 8ion, % ", o( + o&' o+! +C)!5, famous and clothed 7ith best 0old hae embraced ordure. 6% o ", % %$ o( +"$+$5+, #!+/

)$+%!%&+, % ++$ o o + %&o, +%$ % I %, /+$++! " #!+/ o + + +"# o( #!"+(, /"& + /%"&+* o+!

+ %+ *""$#)"+* +$ &""$# "$ !o+!"' o (%! % o %': her *a2arenes 7ere 7hiter than sno7, ruddier than

old coral, fairer than sapphire. T++ %%#+ %$* %$' o+! I !+#%!*+* %, "$ % /%', % "!!o! o( o)! &"(+, "$ +S5!")!+ o( + O&* T+%+$, %$* +$ I )!$+* o + S5!")!+ o( + N+/9 +!+ I !+%* "$# % !+"o)&'

%* +!% ++$ *%!@ o +, "$ 5&+%!+! &"#, +5%)+ + %*o/ %+* %/%', %$* + !) o$+ o!+ +%*"&'.

I !+%*, % " o %', o( + Lo!* %'"$#: " am not come but unto the lost sheep of the House of "srael. A$* o$ +

o+! "*+: But the sons of this Kin0dom shall be cast into outer dar9nesses, there shall be 7eepin0 and 0nashin0 of

teeth. A#%"$: "t is not 0ood to ta9e the childrens bread and cast it to the do0s. A&o: 'oe unto ou &cribes and Pharisees, hpocrites. I +%!*: Man shall come from east and 7est and recline 7ith braham, "saac, and ;acob in

the Kin0dom of Heaen3 %$* o$ + o+! %$*: nd then shall " sa unto them: depart from me e 7or9ers of

iniquit. I !+%*: Blessed are the barren and the breasts that hae not 0ien suc93 %$* o$ + 5o$!%!': Those 7ho7ere read, entered 7ith him to the marria0e feast, then came also the other ir0ins sain0, Lord, Lord, open unto

us3 o /o + %$/+! /% %*+, " 9no7 ou not. I +%!* 5+!%"$&': He 7ho belieeth and is baptised, shall be

saed, he, ho7eer, 7ho belieeth not shall be condemned.

I !+%* "$ + %o&+; /o!* % % !%$5 o( + /"&* o&"+ %* ++$ #!%(+* "$o + #oo* o&"+ !++, ) % " )

+ !o@+$ o(( (!o %!%@"$# "$ + !oo o( (%$+ o( + %+, "( " *"* $o (+%!, ) o)&* + "#"$*+*. I @$+/+ +!5' o( + Lo!*, 7 ) (+%!+* " 4)*#+$ %&o9 I !%"+* " #!%5+, ) *!+%*+* + !+$*+!"$# )$o +%5 o$+

%55o!*"$# o " /o!@.

A I ++&* ++ o( o$+ (o&* )$&"@+ o$+ %$o+!, I 5%&&+* P++!, /" #oo* !+%o$, o &++* o$ %55o)$ o( "o)$* 5o$(+"o$ o( C!", ) )*% o )$%' +5%)+ o( " &o+ o( 5o+o)$+9 S++$ I 5%&&+* #&o!"o),

+5%)+ o( + %!'!; %&9 N"5o&%, o$ + 5o$!%!', "+!%&+, o/"$# o + %!@ o( )$5&+%$ +!+'.

I !+%*, "$*++*: The had all thin0s in common, ) I !+%* %&o: 'h did e a0ree to tempt the &pirit of od< I %/, o$

+ 5o$!%!', /% #!+% "$*"((+!+$5+ %* #!o/$ )o$ + +$ o( o)! %#+, % "( +!+ /+!+ $o 5%)+ (o! (+%!.

T++ "$#, %$* %$' o+! /"5 I %+ *+5"*+* o o" (o! + %@+ o( !+"', I o$*+!+* o+! /"

5o)$5"o$ o( +%! %$* %o$"+$ o( "$*. I o$*+!+*----"( + Lo!* *"* $o %!+ % +o&+, +5)&"%! o) o( %&&

+ $%"o$, + !o'%& ++* %$* o&' $%"o$, o /o + %* %"*: "srael is m first born ----"( + %!+* $o " !"+, !o+, @"$# (o! o %$' 5+$)!"+, "( + %!+* $o + %o&+ " "$"+!, %$* + ++! o( %

!"""+ 5)!5, /+$ +' /+!+* (!o + !"# %, /% /"&& + *o o )5 &%5@$+ % /+ %+ "$ " %#+

A$ %#+ " o /"5 % ++$ %**+*, +"*+ o+ ""o) %$* o$!o) "$ /"5 " 5o" "$ 5oo$ /"

%&& + "$")"o) o$+ o( + /o!&*, % "$# /"5 " % "( "$o!$ /" ", %$ "!!+o%&+ %$* "$+!"5%&+ /+"# o( )$/"*o %$* ("5@&+$+.

6% %' I Do I %' o '+&(, /!+5+* o$+, " )5 % 5%!#+ +$!)+* o ++ % "( o) /+! % +%5+! o(

*""$5"o$ %$* +"$+$5+, $%+&' o /"%$* + !) o( o "o&+$ % o!!+$, %$* %#%"$ " %!!%' o( #!o/"$#

5!"+ ++$*"$# o+! o %$' '+%! %$* o /"*+&', @++ + *+o" 5o"+* o +5, %$* + "&+$ O+!/"+" +%$, o %' o + (oo, 7atch, %$* o + %$*, spea9.


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B!"%"$ % !)&+!, " % /%5+!. 6' /" ' $o$+$+ %! o) "$5&"$+* o )&+ Y+%, " % ++9 " %, "(

$o oo %$', $o oo (+/. B), +5%)+ +' %!+ +$ 5&o/$ )$*+! + !+)!+ o( o #!+% % /+"#, +' %+ $o

"+ o !+%+. M' (++&"$#, +!+(o!+, % "( (+&&o/ *+o! /" '+&(, /+!+ %&+!$%+&' +$#!o+* ' )5

o4+5"o$, %$* ' )5 % %* )5 %!+! ++ %$ ++. T++ (++&"$# /!+&+*, % I %"*, (o! $o o! "+,/+$ I !+%*: There is a time to spea9 and a time to 9eep silence, %$* /!+&+* "$ + !%"# #%+ o( (+%!, o o

+%@. A &+$# + 5!+*"o! !+%"&+* %$* 5o$)+!+*. H+ %"*: I( o) % $o + o&*$+ o (++& $o (+%! o( +"$#

!%$*+* /" + %!@ % +(" #o&*+$ &"+!' %o$# !)-+&&"$# 5!+%)!+ o( % !%"o$%& o!"#"$ +5o$* o +

%$#+&, % &+% !"$@ $o (!o ""%"$# % "$+&&"#+$ %, "$"!+*, o)# )+, ' + S"!" o( >o*. U$/"&&"$#" /% o + + 5%!!"+! o( + 5!o/$+* %#"5"%$ %o) o 5)!+ + +o&+ o( >o*9 " !)"+* " (++&+ (oo "$ +

$%!!o/ % $+%! + /%&& o( + "$+'%!*, o)# " %* o$ % %55o)$ o (++& " &o/ &"@+ o+ o( %$ +$+'.

S+ o"$+* o) o " + %$#+& (!o +%+$, % "( /" + ("$#+!, o&*"$# " $%@+* /o!* %$* oo"$# +

/o + "$ + &"$*$+ o( 5!)+& )"*"' %* $o o+!+*, o)# + %#"5"%$, )$#!%+()& %$* ()!"o), /%)$!"#+o)&' +%"$# +! "$$o5+$ "*+.

I$ ' K+%&, +!+(o!+, (o! + o&' &%/ o( + Lo!*; o)+, 5o$!%"$+* ' + !+%o$ o( ' o/$ +*"%"o$ o!

o+!5o+ ' + "o) +$!+%"+ o( !+!+$, I % $o/ %'"$# + *+ 1 +%5+* &o$# %#o. T+ /o!@ ", "$ (%5,

oo!, ), I +&"++, (%"()& %$* (!"+$*&' o %&& $o&+ o&*"+! o( C!"92 ) ++!+ %$* %!* o +%! o (oo&"

%o%+. T+ (o!+! o( ++, "( I % $o "%@+$, /"&&, +!%*+$)!+, !+5+"+ " /" + +%! % (&o/ (!o +&o+ o( >o*9 + o+!, %&o, /" o!!o/, ) + o!!o/ /"5 " /!+$5+* (!o + %$#+! %$* ""*"' o( %$

%/%@+$+* 5o$5"+$5+.

2. B+(o!+, o/++!, ()&("&&"$# ' !o"+, &+ + %+ o %' % &"&+, >o* /"&&"$#, 5o$5+!$"$# + #+o#!%"5%&

")%"o$, + )o!$$+, + )4+5"o$ %$* !++&&"o$ o( o)! 5o)$!'9 %&o o( " +5o$* )4+5"o$ %$* %!*+!"5+9 o( !+&"#"o$, +!+5)"o$, %$* o&' %!'!, o( *"+!+ +!+"+9 o( '!%$, o( + /o $%"o$ /"5 /%+* "9

o( *+(+$5+ %$* o( 5o$+)+$ *+%%"o$9 o( + +5o$* !++$#+ %$* "!* *+%%"o$, o( (%"$+9 o( + &++! o

A#"")9 o( "5o!', o( 5!"+9 o( +$+"+ )**+$&' 11 %$$o)$5+*9 o( + #!+% /+&&-@$o/$ &%#)+9 o( 5o)$+&9 o(

+$+"+ (%! o!+ ("+!5+ %$ + ("!9 o( + !)"$ o( 5""+, o( + +$ /o )!"+*9 o( + ("$%& "5o!' /o$ ' +o+! 5o)$!', /"5 " + #"( #!%$+* ' + /"&& o( >o* "$ o)! o/$ "+.3 1

-RT I.

Preliminar 55. 3-2.- /escription of Britain, $haracter of its People3 "ntroductor narratie of eents, e4tendin0

from the irst Parthian Peace and the %oman e4pedition into Britain 7hich follo7ed it, to the 7riters o7n timeA.D. 117-5. ?0. %eference to the rise of $hristianit under Tiberius, and its pro0ress in Britain inserted 55. 7-

12.

+escri2tion of Britain. +e situ.

3. THE "&%$* o( B!"%"$ " ")%+* "$ %&o + ()!+ &"" o( + /o!&*, o/%!* + $o!-/+ %$* /+, o"+*

"$ + o-5%&&+* *""$+ %&%$5+ /"5 o&* + /o&+ +%!. I &"+ o+/% "$ + *"!+5"o$ o( + $o! o&+ (!o+ o)-/+. I " 800 "&+ &o$#, 200 !o%*,? $o 5o)$"$# + &o$#+! !%5 o( )$*!' !oo$o!"+ /"5 %!+

+$5o%+* ' + 5)!+* %' o( + +%. I " !o+5+* ' + /"*+, %$* "( I %' o %', "%%&+ 5"!5&+ o( +

+% o$ %&& "*+, /" + +5+"o$ o( + !%" o$ + o) 5o% /+!+ " %"& o B+"5 >%)&. I % +

%*%$%#+ o( + +)%!"+ o( /o $o&+ !"+!, + T%+ %$* + S++!$, %!, % " /+!+, %&o$# /"5, o( o&*,(o!+"#$ &))!"+ /+!+ /o$ o + 5%!!"+* ' ", %$* o( o+! %&&+! !+%9 " " +%)"("+* ' 28 5""+, %$*

o+ !o$#o&*, %$* ' #!+% /o!@ )"& "$ %$ )$+5+"o$%&+ %$$+!, /%&&, +!!%+* o/+!, #%+, o)+, +!oo( o( /"5, !+5"$# %&o( /" !+%+$"$# +"#, /+!+ ("!&' ("+* "$ !o$# !)5)!+. I " %*o!$+* '

/"*+!+%* &%"$, "&& 17 "$ &+%%$ ")%"o$ %*%+* (o! )+!"o! 5)&"%"o$, o)$%"$ "$ + #!+%+5o$+$"+$5+ (o! 5%$#"$# %)!+ o( 5%&+. T+ (&o/+! o( *"+! 5o&o)! o$ ++, !o**+$ ' )%$ (oo+,

#%+ + + %+%!%$5+ o( % ("$+ "5)!+, &"@+ % 5o+$ !"*+ %*o!$+* /" %!"o) 4+/+&. I " "!!"#%+* ' %$'

5&+%! !"$#, /" +"! ()&& /%+! o"$# $o/-/"+ #!%+&, %$* ' "$"$# !"+! (&o/"$# /" #+$&+ )!)!,

++$*"$# o o+ /o !+5&"$+ o$ +"! %$@ % &+*#+ o( /++ &)+!, %$* ' &%@+ o+!(&o/"$# /" % 5oo&!+% o( &""$# /%+!.

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Character of 2eo2le. +e contumacia.

?. T" "&%$*, o( !o)* $+5@ %$* "$*, "$5+ " /% ("! "$%"+*, " )$#!%+()&&' !++&&"$#, $o/ %#%"$ >o*, %

o+! "+ %#%"$ (+&&o/ 5""K+$,7 o+"+ ++$ %#%"$ + @"$# o+! + +% %$* +"! )4+5. Fo! /%

*+++! %+$+, /% #!+%+! )$!"#+o)$+, 5%$ + o! + "$!o*)5+* ' + !+5@&+$+ o( +$, %$ o *+$' o

>o* (+%!, o /o!' (+&&o/ 5""K+$ &o+, o o+ &%5+* "$ "#+! o""o$ + o$o)! *)+ o +, /"o)

*+!"+$ o + (%"----%$ o !+%@ (%" /" *""$+ %$* )%$ +$"+$, %$* %"$# 5% %/%' (+%! o( +%+$%$* +%!, o + #o+!$+* ' o$+; o/$ "$+$"o$ %$* &)

I, +!+(o!+, o" 8 o+ %$5"+$ +!!o!, 5oo$ o %&& $%"o$, ' /"5 +(o!+ + 5o"$# o( C!" "$ + (&+ +

/o&+ )%$ !%5+ /% +"$# +&* "$ o$*%#+9 $o! *o I +$)+!%+ + !)&' *"%o&"5%& o$!o""+ o( ' $%"+5o)$!', %&o )!%"$# o+ o( E#' "$ $)+!, o( /"5 /+ +o&* o+, o( )#&' (+%)!+, o " *%' /""$

o! /"o) +"! *++!+* /%&&, "(( /" ("+!5+ "%#+ % /% + 5)o. N+"+! *o I, ' $%+, "$+"# %#%"$ +

o)$%"$, %&&+' o! !"+!, o$5+ *+!)5"+, ) $o/ )"%&+ (o! + )+ o( %$, )o$ /"5 *""$+ o$o)! /%

+$ +%+* ' + +o&+ "$ +"! &"$*$+. I @++ "&+$5+ %&o % o + &o$# '+%! o( %%#+ '!%$, /o %!+o@+$ o( "$ o+! (%! *"%$ 5o)$!"+, o % Po!'!', + !%"* +%+!$ *o# 10 "$ o"&"' 1 o + C)!5, %**+*

" !+%!@ %&o "$ + (%"o$ o( " %*$+ %$* %$"'9 Britain, + %', is a proince fertile in trants. To+

+"& o$&' /"&& I %+ o %@+ )&"5 /"5 + "&%$* % o )((+!+* %$* "$(&"5+* )o$ o+! %$* *"%$

5""K+$, "$ + "+ o( + Ro%$ E+!o!. I %&& *o ", o/++!, o + + o( ' %"&"', $o o )5 ' + %"*

o( $%"+ /!""$# o! !+5o!* o( %)o!, "$%)5 % ++ "( +' ++! +"+* %+ ++$ )!$ ' + ("!+ o(+$+"+, o! 5%!!"+* (%! %/%' "$ + " /"5 +"&+* ' 5o)$!'+$, %$* o %!+ $o % %$*, ) %&& (o&&o/ +

%55o)$ o( (o!+"#$ /!"+!, /"5, +5%)+ !o@+$ ' %$' #%, " (%! (!o 5&+%!.

u3:ection 3y Rome. +e su3:ectione.

. T+ E+!o! o( Ro+ %5)"!+* + +"!+ o( + /o!&*, %$*, ' + )4)#%"o$ o( %&& $+"#o)!"$# 5o)$!"+

%$* "&%$* o/%!* + +%, +5)!+* !o)# + "# o( +"! )+!"o! (%+ +"! ("! +%5+ /" + P%!"%$ 11 o$ + o!*+! o( I$*"%. 6+$ " +%5+ /% %55o&"+*, /%! 5+%+* % % "+ "$ %&o ++!' &%$*. T+

@++$$+ o( " (&%+, o/++!, "$ " +!"+$ 5%!++! o/%!* + /+, 5o)&* $o + 5+5@+* o! +"$#)"+* '

+ &)+ "*+ o( + +%9 5!o"$# + 5%$$+& " 5%!!"+* o + "&%$* &%/ (o! o+*"+$5+ /"o) oo""o$9 "

)4)#%+* %$ )$/%!&"@+ ) (%"&+ +o&+ $o o )5 % "$ + 5%+ o( o+! $%"o$ ' /o!*, ("!+, %$* +$#"$+,% ' +!+ !+% o! +$%5+ o( 4)*#+$ /o #%+ o + +*"5 +!+&' % @"$-*++ o+*"+$5+, /" !++$+$

)$@ *++ "$o +"! +%!.

Insurrection aainst Rome. +e re3ellione.

. I+*"%+&' o$ +"! !+)!$ o Ro+, o/"$# o *+("5"+$5', % +' %"*, o( $+5+%!"+ !o"*+* ' + &%$*, %$*

/" $o )"5"o$ 21 o( !++&&"o$, + !+%5+!o) &"o$+ 12 @"&&+* + !)&+! /o %* ++$ &+( +"$* ' + o*+5&%!+ o!+ ()&&', %$* o !+$#+$, + +$+!!"+ o( Ro%$ !)&+. A(+! ", /+$ $+/ o( )5 *++* /% 5%!!"+*

o + +$%+, %$* " /% %+$"$# /" ++*' %!' o %@+ +$#+%$5+ o$ + 5!%(' (o+, % +' $%+* +,

+!+ /% $o !+%!%"o$ o( % ("#"$# (&++ o$ +% o %@+ % !%+ !)##&+ (o! 5o)$!', $o! % %!%&&+* %!' o!

!"# /"$#, $o! %$' o+! /%!&"@+ +)"+$ o$ &%$*. T+' !++$ +"! %5@, "$+%* o( +"! "+&*, o + )!)+!, +"! $+5@ o + /o!*, /"&+ % 5"&&"$# +!!o! !%$ !o)# +"! o$+: +' o&* (o! +"! %$* o +

o)$* &"@+ /o+$9 o % " /% !+%* (%! %$* /"*+ % % !o+! %$* % *+!""o$: + B!"o$ are neither brae in

7ar nor in peace faithful.13

econd su3:ection and seritude. Item de su3iectione ac diro famulatu.

7. T+ Ro%$ +!+(o!+, %"$# &%"$ %$' o( + (%"&+ o$+, !++!"$# o+ (o! &%+!', &+ + &%$* o)&* +!+*)5+* o *+")"o$----!+)!$ o I%&' &+%"$# +"$* + % &%$* !"+* o( /"$+ %$* o"&. T+' &+%+ +"$*

#o+!$o! % 5o)!#+ (o! + %5@ o( + $%"+, % % 'o@+ (o! +"! $+5@, o % +' o)&* 5%)+ + +"+ o(

Ro%$ &%+!' o 5&"$# o + o"&, o)&* + + 5!%(' !%5+ $o o )5 /" "&"%!' (o!5+ % /" /", %$* "(

$+5+%!', %&' + )$+%+* /o!*, % + %'"$# ", o +"! "*+. I$ " /%' + "&%$* /o)&* + !+#%!*+* $o

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% B!"%$$"% ) % Ro%$"%, %$* /%++! " "# %+ o( 5o+!, "&+!, o! #o&* /o)&* + %+* /" + "%#+

o( C%+%!.

Rise of Christianity. +e reliione.

8. M+%$/"&+, o + "&%$* "(( /" (!o %$* 5o&*, %$* "$ % (%! *"%$ 5o!$+! o( + +%!, !+o+ (!o + ""&+

)$, H+, + !)+ )$, ++$ C!", ("! '"+&* H" !%', I +%$ H" !+5+. H+ !+%*, $o o$&' (!o + +o!%&("!%+$, ) (!o + "#+ %!5 o( +%+$ +'o$* %&& "+, " !"# #&+% o + /o&+ /o!&* "$ + &%+

*%', % /+ @$o/, o( T"+!") C%+%!. A 23% "+ + !+&"#"o$ o( C!" 1? /% !o%#%+* /"o) %$' "$*!%$5+,

+5%)+ + ++!o!, 5o$!%!' o + /"&& o( + +$%+, !+%+$+* /" *+% "$(o!+! %#%"$ + o&*"+! o( %

%+ !+&"#"o$.

"aneli;ation of Britain. The +iocletian 2ersecution. +e 2ersecutione.

. To)# ++ !+5+ %* % &)@+/%! !+5+"o$ (!o + "$%"%$,1 $++!+&+ +' 5o$"$)+* )$"%"!+*/" o+, /" o+! &+ o, )$"& + $"$+ '+%!; +!+5)"o$ o( + '!%$ D"o5&+"%$.1 I$ " +!+5)"o$

5)!5+ /+!+ !)"$+* !o)#o) + /o&+ /o!&*, %&& 5o"+ o( + Ho&' S5!")!+ % 5o)&* + (o)$* /+!+ )!$

"$ + o+$ !++, %$* + 5o+$ !"+ o( + Lo!*; (&o5@ )5+!+* /" + "$$o5+$ ++, o % "( " 5o)&* +

!o)# o %, $o ++$ % !%5+ o( + C!""%$ !+&"#"o$ /o)&* + ""&+ "$ o+ o( + !o"$5+. 6% (&"#

+!+ /+!+ +$, /% &%)#+!, /% )$"+$ ' *"((+!+$ o*+ o( *+%, /% !)"$ o( %o%+, /%#&o!"o) 5!o/$ o( %!'!, /% %* ()!' o$ + %! o( +!+5)o!, %$*, o$ + 5o$!%!', /% 2 patience of the

saints, + "o!' o( + 5)!5 $%!!%+.17 I$ 5o$+)+$5+ + /o&+ 5)!5, "$ 5&o+ %!!%', +)&o)&' &+%"$#

+"$* " + *%!@$+ o( " /o!&*, /% %+$"$# o + &+%%$ !+%& o( +%+$ % o " o/$ !o+! %o*+.

!oly *artyrs. +e sanctis martyri3us.

10. >o*, +!+(o!+, % /"&&"$# % %&& +$ o)&* + %+*, %#$"("+* " +!5' )$o ), %$* 5%&&+* "$$+! $o &+

%$ o+ /o !+#%!* ++&+ !"#+o). H+ o( H" o/$ (!++ #"(, "$ + %o+ +$"o$+* "+ o( +!+5)"o$, %

/+ 5o$5&)*+,18 &+ B!"%"$ o)&* + 5o&++&' +$+&o+* "$ + "5@ *%!@$+ o( &%5@ $"#, 27 @"$*&+* (o! )

!"# &% o( o&' %!'!. T+ #!%+ /+!+ +"! o*"+ &"+, %$* + &%5+ o( +"! )((+!"$#, %* +' $o, +!'%$' o( +, ++$ %@+$ (!o ) + 5""K+$ o$ %55o)$ o( o)! $)+!o) 5!"+, !o)# + *"%!o) *"""o$

5%)+* ' + %!%!"%$, /o)&* % + !++$ "+ "$"!+ + "$* o( o+ /o #%K+* % + /" % (%! (!o

(++&+ #&o/ o( *""$+ &o+. I +%@ o( S%"$ A&%$ o( V+!)&%, A%!o$ %$* I)&"),1 5""K+$ o( C%+!&&+o$, %$* + !+o( o ++ "$ *"((+!+$ &%5+, /o oo* ("! /" &o(' $o&+$+ o( "$* "$ C!"; %&+.

11. T+ (o!+! o( ++, !o)# &o+, "* % 5o$(+o! /+$ )!)+* ' " +!+5)o!, %$* o$ + o"$ o( +"$#+"K+*, ""%"$# "$ " C!" &%'"$# *o/$ " &"(+ (o! + ++. H+ ("! 5o$5+%&+* " "$ " o)+, %$* %(+!/%!*

+5%$#"$# #%!+$ /" ", /"&&"$#&' +o+* "+&( o + *%$#+! o( +"$# )!)+* "$ + 2 5&o+ o( +

!o+! +$"o$+*. B+"$# "$ " /%' /+&& &+%"$# o >o*, *)!"$# + "+ +/++$ " o&' 5o$(+"o$ %$* 5!)+&

*+%, "$ + !++$5+ o( + ""o) +$, /o 5%!!"+* + Ro%$ %$*%!* /" %+()& %)#"$+, + /%/o$*+!()&&' %*o!$+* /" "!%5)&o) "#$, o % ' (+!+$ !%'+! + o+$+* %$ )$@$o/$ /%' !o)# + +* o(

+ $o&+ !"+! T%+, ""&%! o % *!' &"&+-!o**+$ /%' o( + I!%+&"+, /+$ + %!@ o( + 5o+$%$ oo*

&o$# o$ + #!%+& "$ + "**&+ o( o!*%$9 %55o%$"+* ' % o)%$* +$, + /%&@+* !o)# /" *!' (oo, +!)"$# /%+! o$ +"+! "*+ %$#"$# &"@+ %!) !+5""5+, %$* 5o$+!+* ("! " ++5)"o$+!, % + %/ )5

/o$*+!, (!o % /o&( "$o % &%, %$* 5%)+* " o#++! /" "+&( o "! o!+ *++&' (o! + !")%$

%& o( %!'!*o, %$* o!+ !%+&' o +"K+ ". O+!, o/++!, /+!+ o o!)!+* /" *"+!+ o!+$, %$*%$#&+* /" )$+%!* o( +%!"$# o( &", % /"o) *+&%' +' !%"+* !o"+ o( +"! #&o!"o) %!'!*o, % "(% + +%)"()& #%+ o( +!)%&+. To+ /o )!"+* "* ++&+ "$ /oo*, *++!, %$* +5!+ 5%+,

++5"$# (!o >o*, + !"#+o) !)&+! o( %&&, o +"! +!+5)o!, o+"+, +!$ 4)*#+$, o ++&+

!o+5"o$ o( &"(+.

12 T) /+$ +$ '+%! o( + "o&+$5+ !+(+!!+* o %* 5%!5+&' %+*, %$* /+$ + %o"$%&+ +*"5 /+!+

*"%+%!"$# !o)# + *+% o( +"! %)o!, %&& + o&*"+! o( C!", /" #&%*o+ +'+, % "( %(+! % /"$!' %$*&o$# $"#, %@+ "$ + 5%& %$* + +!+$+ &"# o( + 5+&+"%& !+#"o$. T+' !+%"! + 5)!5+, 31 !)"$+* o +

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#!o)$*9 +' (o)$*, 5o$!)5, %$* 5o&++ %"&"5%+ "$ o$o)! o( + o&' %!'!, %$* + + (o! "$ %$'

&%5+ % +&+ o( "5o!'9 +' 5+&+!%+ (+% *%'9 + %5!+* o(("5+ +' +!(o! /" 5&+%$ +%! %$* &"9 %&&

+)& % 5"&*!+$ 5+!"+* "$ + oo o( +"! o+!, + 5)!5.

!eresies. +e diersis haeresi3us.

Fo! " /++ %!o$' +/++$ C!" + +%* %$* + ++! 5o$"$)+*, )$"& + A!"%$ )$+&"+(, ("+!5+ % %$%@+ o""$# (o! )o$ ) " (o!+"#$ o"o$, 5%)+* *+%*&' +%!%"o$ +/++$ !+!+$ */+&&"$# o#++!. I$

" /%', % "( % % /+!+ %*+ %5!o + +%, %&& %$$+! o( /"&* +% +#%$ o "$4+5 /" o!!"* o) + (%%&

o"o$ o( ++!' (o! o( +!+', %$* o "$(&"5 + &+%& /o)$* o( +"! ++ )o$ % 5o)$!' %&/%' /"()& o +%!

o+"$# $+/ %$*, % %&& ++$, *+"!"$# $o"$# +%*(%&'.

The tyranni, 2articularly *a6i mus. +e tyrannis.

13 A &+$# %&o, % "5@+ o( '!%$ /+!+ #!o/"$# ) %$* )!"$# (o! oo$ "$o %$ "+$+ (o!+, + "&%$*!+%"$+* + Ro%$ $%+, ) $o + o!%& %$* &%/9 $%' !%+!, 5%"$# (o! % oo o( " o/$ &%$"$#, " +$*

o) M%") 20 o + /o >%)&, %55o%$"+* ' % #!+% 5!o/* o( (o&&o/+!, /" %$ ++!o!; +$"#$ "$ %**""o$,

/"5 + $++! /o!"&' o!+ $o! &+#""%+&', ) % o$+ +&+5+* %(+! + %$$+! o( % '!%$ %$* %"* % )!)&+$

o&*"+!'. T" %$, !o)# 5)$$"$# %! !%+! %$ ' %&o)!, ("! %%5+ o " #)"&' !)&+ 5+!%"$ $+"#o)!"$#

5o)$!"+ o! !o"$5+ %#%"$ + Ro%$ o/+!, ' $+ o( +!4)!' %$* (%&+oo*. H+ +$ ++$* o$+ /"$# oS%"$, + o+! o I%&', (""$# + !o$+ o( " "$")"o) +"!+ % T!"+!, %$* !%#+* /" )5 %*$+ %#%"$ "

&o!* % + *!o+ /o &+#""%+ ++!o!, + o$+ (!o Ro+, + o+! (!o % o "o) &"(+. To)# 33

(o!"("+* ' %K%!*o) *++* o( o *%$#+!o) % 5%!%5+!, " /% $o &o$# +!+ + &o " %55)!+* +%* % A)"&+"%: +/o %* "$ % /%' 5) o(( + 5!o/$+* +%* o( + +"!+ o( + /o&+ /o!&*.

-icts and cots. +e dua3us enti3us astatrici3us.

1? A(+! ", B!"%"$ " !o+* o( %&& +! %!+* o&*"+!', o( +! "&"%!' )&"+, o( +! !)&+!, 5!)+& o)# +'

/+!+, %$* o( +! "#o!o) 'o) /o (o&&o/+* + (oo+ o( + %o+-+$"o$+* '!%$ %$* $++! !+)!$+*.

Co&++&' "#$o!%$ o( + !%5"5+ o( /%!, + ", (o! + ("! "+, o+$ o + !%&+* )o$ ' /o (o!+"#$ !"+o( +!++ 5!)+&', + S5o (!o + $o!-/+, + P"5 (!o + $o!9 %$* (o! %$' '+%! 5o$"$)+ )$$+*

%$* #!o%$"$#. 21

+efence made aainst them. +e defen sione.

1. O/"$# o + "$!o%* o( ++ !"+ %$* + 5o$+)+$ *!+%*()& !o!%"o$, B!"%"$ +$* %$ +%' /"

&++! o Ro+, +$!+%"$# "$ +%!()& %+%& %$ %!+* (o!5+ o %+$#+ +!, %$* o/"$# )""o$ o$ +! %! o +Ro%$ o/+!, )$"$+!!)+* %$* /" %&& !+$# o( +%!, "( + +$+' /+!+ *!"+$ %/%'. A &+#"o$ 22 " (o!/"

!+%!+*, /" $o !++!%$5+ o( % +"&, %$* ()&&' +)"+*. H%"$# 5!o+* o+! + +% "$ " o B!"%"$, "

5%+ "$o 5&o+ +$#%#++$ /" + o!+"+ +$+"+9 " @"&&+* % #!+% $)+! o( + %$* *!o+ %&& o+! +

o!*+!, %$* (!++* + )"&"%+* "$%"%$ (!o o ("+!5+ % "o&+$5+ %$* !+%+$"$# o$*%#+. T+ "$%"%$/+!+ 5o%$*+* o )"&* % /%&& %5!o + "&%$*, +/++$ + /o +%, o %, /+$ !o$#&' %$$+*, " "# +

% +!!o! o !++& + +$+"+ %$* % !o+5"o$ o + 5""K+$. T+ /%&& +"$# %*+ $o 3 o( o$+ ) o( )!(,23

!o+* o( $o %*%$%#+ o + !%&+ "$ +"! (o&&', %$* *+")+ o( % &+%*+!.

Re2eated deastation. Item


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17. A#%"$ )&"%$ ++$#+! %!+ +$ /" !+$ 5&o+, % " %"*, %$* +%* 5o+!+* /" *).

C!o)5"$# &"@+ ""* (o/& )$*+! + !)' /"$# o( + %!+$ "!*, +' %@ +& o( + Ro%$, &+ + 5o)$!'

"$ " /!+5+*$+ + 5o&++&' /+ %/%', %$* + $%+ o( Ro%$, /"5 o +"! +%! /% + +5o o( % +!+

/o!*, o)&* ++$ #!o/ "&+ % % "$# #$%/+* %, "$ + !+!o%5 o( %&"+$ $%"o$. T+', 2? o+*, % (%! % /%

o"&+ (o! )%$ $%)!+, ' + %&+ o( )5 % !%#+*', %@+ ++*, &"@+ + (&"# o( +%#&+, )$++5+* "$ )"5@

o++$ o( 37 5%%&!' o$ &%$* %$* o( %"&o! ' +%9 +(o!+ &o$# +' &)$#+ +"! +!!"&+ /o!* "$ + $+5@ o(+ +$+"+9 + %%5!+ +' "$(&"5 " o + 5o%!+* o + (%&& o( &+%+ % + ("+* "+, 4) &"@+ % o)$%"$

o!!+$, /o&&+$ ' $)+!o) !+% %(+! o!, /++ o+! " +* "$ " $o"' 5o)!+9 /" ()!!o/+* %5@ %$*

("+!5+ &oo@, " /%+!, % + %'"$# #o+, )!#"$# ) o + 5&o)* ' /"5 o)! +'+, o)# o(+$ !+(!++* ' +o++$ o( + +'+&"*, %!+ o5)!+* ' + )"5@ ++"$# o( &"$+ "$ " !o@+$ +**"+, (o% )!!""$#&', %$*

/" o$+ !) o+!5o+ o%5&+ + "$ " /%'.2 T+$ *"* + "&&)!"o) +&+! )"5@&' ) o (&"# + o!*+ o(

+ +$+' +'o$* + +%, "( "$*++* +5%+ /% % %&& o"&+ (o! +: (o! " /% +'o$* + +% % +', /" $o

o$+ o !+", +%+* ) + &)$*+! #!++*"&' %5)"!+* ' + '+%! ' '+%!.

18. T+ Ro%$, +!+(o!+, *+5&%!+ o o)! 5o)$!' % +' 5o)&* $o + !o)&+* oo (!+)+$&' ' %!*)o)

++*""o$ o( % @"$*, $o! 5o)&* + %!@ o( Ro%$ o/+! ,2 % " %$ %!' o( )5 "K+ %$* 5%!%5+!, +

%!%+* ' &%$* %$* +% o$ %55o)$ o( )$-/%!&"@+, !o"$#, "+"$# (+&&o/. T+' )!#+ + B!"o$, !%+!, o

%55)o ++&+ o %!, %$* ("# !%+&', o % o %+ /" %&& +"! "# +"! &%$*, !o+!', /"+,

5"&*!+$, %$*, /% " #!+%+! %$ ++, +"! &"+!' %$* &"(+: +' o)&* $o, +' )!#+, "$ %$' /%' o&* (o! +"!%$* %!o)!&+ o + o)$* ' $%"o$ "$ $o /%' !o$#+! %$ ++&+, )$&+ +' +5%+; +((+"$%+

!o)# "$*o&+$5+ %$* &"&+$+9 ) %+ + !o"*+* /" )5@&+!, /o!* %$* +%!, %$* !+%*' (o! !"@"$#.

B+5%)+ +' /+!+ %&o o( o"$"o$ % " /o)&* !"$# % 5o$"*+!%&+ %*%$%#+ o + +o&+ +' /+!+ &+%"$#, +'5o$!)5 % /%&&, *"((+!+$ (!o + o+! ,27 ' )&"5 %$* !"%+ 5o$!")"o$, 3 4o"$"$# + /!+5+* "$%"%$ o

++&+: +' )"&* + /%&& "$ +"! %55)o+* o*+ o( !)5)!+, "$ % !%"# &"$+, %5!o (!o +% o +%,

+/++$ 5""+, /"5 +!% %* ++$ &o5%+* +!+ !o)# (+%! o( +$+"+9 +' #"+ o&* 5o)$+& o + +o&+

"$ +"! (+%!, %$* &+%+ +"$* + %+!$ (o! + %$)(%5)!+ o( %!. O$ + +% 5o% %&o, o/%!* + o),/+!+ +"! " /+!+ /o$ o %$5o!, +5%)+ (!o % )%!+! %&o /"&* %!%!"%$ o!*+ /+!+ (+%!+*, +' &%5+

o/+! % %+* "$+!%&, %((o!*"$# % !o+5 o( + +%. T+' +$ "* + (%!+/+&&, % +$ /o $++! "$+$*+*

o !+)!$.28A**""o$%& No+ ?

Third deastation 3y -icts and cots. Tertia


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+%$ o( )+$%$5+ (o! 5%$' &""$#, o "*+ o+! % o! "+, /"5 + /!+5+* 5""K+$ o++*. C%&%""+

(!o /"o) /+!+ %##!%%+* ' ))& % o+, +5%)+ + /o&+ 5o)$!' ' "&&%#"$#, o (!+)+$ o( " @"$*,

/% +"$# !"+* o( ++!' @"$* o( (oo* )&', /" + +5+"o$ o( + !+&"+( % 5%+ (!o +"! @"&& "$

)$"$#.

'etter to itius (etius). .+. 77=. +e e2istolis ad itium.

20. T+ "+!%&+ !+$%$ +!+(o!+ +$* % &++! o A#""), % %$ o&*"$# "# o(("5+ % Ro+930 +' +%@ %

(o&&o/:----To 0itius, in his third consulship, come the 0roans of the Britons3 % &"&+ ()!+! "$ +"! !+)+: the

barbarians drie us to the sea, the sea dries us upon the barbarians3 b one or other of these t7o modes of death

7e are either 9illed or dro7ned3 %$* (o! ++ +' %+ $o %"*. I$ + +%$"+, + ++!+ %$* /+&&-@$o/$ (%"$+ !++ + /%$*+!"$# %$* %5"&&%"$# +o&+, /"5 5o+& %$' o( + /"o) *+&%' o '"+&* ++&+ %

5o$)+!+* o + &oo*"!' !o+!, "$ o!*+! o %+ % o!+& o( (oo* (o! + !+$+/%& o( &"(+. O+! /+!+ $++! o

5o+&&+*: !%+! ")"$# (!o + +!' o)$%"$, (!o 5%+ %$* *+("&+ %$* (!o *+$+ "5@+, +' 5%!!"+* o$

+ /%! )$5+%"$#&'.

The ictory oer -icts and cots. +e ictoria.

T+$ (o! + ("! "+, +' "$(&"5+* )o$ + +$+', /"5 (o! %$' '+%! /% "&&%#"$# "$ + &%$*, % ++!+

&%)#+!: +"! !) /% $o "$ %$ ) "$ >o*, % ? % %'"$# o( P"&o #o+: 7e must hae recourse to diine aid 7here human fails.31 T+ o&*$+ o( + +$+' )"++* (o! % "+, ) $o + /"5@+*$+ o( o)! +o&+9 + +$+'

/"*!+/ (!o o)! 5o)$!'+$, ) o)! 5o)$!'+$ /"*!+/ $o (!o +"! "$.

21. I /% + "$%!"%&+ %" o( + !%5+, % " " %&o $o/, o + /+%@ "$ !++&&"$# + ""&+ o( +$+"+, o)#!o$# o +%! 5""& !"(+ %$* + )!*+$ o( "$9 /+%@, I %', o (o&&o/ +$"#$ o( +%5+ %$* !), '+ !o$# (o!

5!"+ %$* (%&+oo*. T+ %+&+ I!" %%"$, +!+(o!+, /+$ %5@ o +"! o+, o !+)!$ %#%"$ +(o!+

&o$#. I /% +$, (o! + ("! "+, "$ + ()!+!o %! o( + "&%$*, % + P"5 5o+$5+* +"! )55+"+

+&++$, /" (!+)+$ "&&%#"$# %$* *+%%"o$.

Gro0th of crimes amon the Britons. +e sceleri3us.

D)!"$# )5 !)5+, 5o$+)+$&', + )#&' 5%! " +%&+* (o! + *++!+* +o&+. 6"&+ %$o+! o!+ o"o$o))$#+! /% "&+$&' #!o/"$# o$ + o+! %$*, %$* + *+%%"o$ )"+"$# *o/$, + "&%$* /% +5o"$# !"5

/" o %$' !+o)!5+ o( %((&)+$5+ % $o %#+ !+++!+* + o+"o$ o( )5 %(+!/%!*: %&o$# /" ++

!+o)!5+ o( ++!' @"$*, &))!' %&o #!+/.32 I #!+/, "$ (%5, /" !o$# !oo, o % " "# ("&' + %"* % % %+

"+: such fornication is actuall reported as is not een amon0 the 0entiles. B) " /% $o " "5+ %&o$+ % #!+/, ) %&o %&& o /"5 )%$ $%)!+ " #+$+!%&&' &"%&+: ++5"%&&' + "5+ /"5 o-*%' %&o o+!!o/ + &%5+ %

%+!%"$ o %&& #oo* "$ + "&%$*, % " o %', %!+* o( !) o#++! /" o+ /o *+(+$* ", &o+ o( (%&+oo*

o#++! /" " (%!"5%o!, )$*+!%@"$# +"& (o! #oo*, !++5 (o! /"5@+*$+ !%+! %$ (o! @"$*$+, *+"!+ o(

*%!@$+ "$ !+(+!+$5+ o + )$, + /+&5o"$# o( S%%$ % an an0el of li0ht. G"$# /+!+ %$o"$+*, $o "$ + 1 $%+ o( >o*, ) )5 % )!%+* o+! "$ 5!)+&', %$* o!&' %(+!/%!* /+!+ ) o *+% ' + +$ /o

%$o"$+* +, /"o) %$' +$)"!' % o !), +5%)+ o+! o!+ 5!)+& %* ++$ +&+5+*. I(, o/++!, %$' o$+

%o$# + %+%!+* o + o( % "&*+! *"o""o$, %$* o o+ ++$ o!+ %%5+* o !), %#%"$ " /+!+)!$+* /"o) !++5 + %!+* %$* *%! o( %&&, % "( + /+!+ + )+!+! o( B!"%"$9 %&& "$#, o+ /"5 /+!+

*"&+%"$# o >o* %$* o+ /"5 &+%+* ", %* % &+% +)%& /+"# "$ + %&%$5+, "(, "$*++*, + "$#

*"&+%"$# o " /+!+ $o + o!+ %55+%&+. I$ " /%' % %'"$# o( + !o+ /"5 /% )+!+* %#%"$% %$5"+$ +o&+ "# + %&"+* /" 4)"5+ o o)! 5o)$!': =e la7less sons, + %', hae forsa9en od and

proo9ed the Hol +ne of "srael to an0er. 'h 7ill e be stric9en an more 7hen e add iniquit< (er head is7ea9 and eer heart 0riein03 from the sole of the foot to the cro7n there is no soundness in it.

The comin of the enemy suddenly made 4no0n. +e nuntiatis su3ito hosti3us.

I$ " /%' +' *"* %&& "$# % /+!+ 5o$!%!' o %&%"o$, % "( +!+ /+!+ $o !++*' o + )&"+* (o! + /o!&*

' + !)+ H+%&+! o( %&& +$. I /% $o o$&' +$ o( + /o!&* /o *"* ", ) + Lo!*; (&o5@ "+&( %&o %$* "

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%o!, /o o)# o %+ ++$ %$ +%&+ o + /o&+ +o&+9 +', "$ #!+% $)+!, % "( o%@+* "$ /"$+

!o)# *!)$@+$$+, +5%+ )"("+* %$* +$+!%+*, %$* ' + /+&&"$# o( %$"o""+, ' + 4%! o( !"(+, ' +

#!%"$# %&o$ o( +$', ' 5o$()+* 4)*#++$ o( #oo* %$* +"&, /+!+ o +$(++&+* % " /% &%"$&' ++$, % "$

+ !++$ 5%+, % contempt 7as bein0 poured out upon princes, %$* that the 7ere led astra ' +"! %$""+%$* +!!o! in a trac9less place, and not on the 7a.

22. M+%$/"&+, /+$ >o* /% *+"!o) o 5&+%$+ " (%"&', %$*, o)# *+("&+* ' )5 % !%"$ o( +"& "$#, o ++! " ' +"! +%!"$# o$&' o( *"!+, +!+ 5%+ &"@+ + /"$#+* (&"# o( % !)o)! $o )$(%"&"%! o +, "$o

+ &"+$"$# +%! o( %&&----% +"! o&* +$+"+ %* %&!+%*' %!!"+*, +$ )o$ o!o)# *+!)5"o$, %$* )o$

*/+&&"$# "$ + 5o)$!', % %* +5o+ +"! /o$, (!o o$+ +$* o + o+!. N++!+&+ +' "$ $o /%' !o("+* ' " $+/9 !%+! &"@+ (oo&" +%, /" 5&+$5+* ++, % + %'"$# ", +' "+ + " o( !+%o$, %$* +#%$ o

!)$ %&o$# + !o%* /%' o( %$' "$, /"5 &+%* *o/$ o *+%, )""$# 3 + $%!!o/ /%' o)# " /% + %

o( %&%"o$.

The noted 2laue. +e famosa 2este.

6"& +$, %55o!*"$# o + /o!* o( So&oo$, The stubborn serant is not corrected b 7ords, + (oo&" $%"o$" 5o)!#+* %$* (++& " $o: (o! % *+%*&' +"&+$5+ 5%+ )o$ + )$/"+ +o&+ /"5, "$ % o! "+, /"o) %$'

/o!*, !o)# *o/$ )5 % $)+! o( + % + &""$# /+!+ )$%&+ o )!' + *+%*.

B) +' /+!+ $o 5o!!+5+* ++$ ' " +"&+$5+, o % + /o!* o( I%"% + !o+ /% ()&("&&+* "$ +: nd

od has called to lamentation and to baldness and the 0irdle of sac9-cloth: behold the 9ill cales, and sla rams,

behold the eat and drin9 and sa, Let us eat and drin9, for to-morro7 let us die

+eli3eration ho0 to o22ose the -icts and cots. The a6ons inited to aid in their re2ulsion. +e consilio.

I$ " /%' + "+ /% *!%/"$# $"# /+$ + "$")""+ o( + 5o)$!', % o+ o( + Ao!"+ o( o&*, /o)&* +

()&("&&+*. A 5o)$5"& " +&*, o *+&"+!%+ /% +%$ o)# o + *++!"$+* )o$, % + + %$* %(+ o !++&

)5 (%%& %$* (!+)+$ "!!)"o$ %$* &)$*+!"$# ' + $%"o$ +$"o$+* %o+.

23. A % "+ %&& ++! o( + %+&', %&o$# /" + !o)* '!%$, 33 %!+ &"$*+*9 )5 " + !o+5"o$ +'

("$* (o! +"! 5o)$!' " /%, "$ (%5, " *+!)5"o$ % o+ /"&* S%o$, o( %55)!+* $%+, %+* ' >o* %$*+$, o)&* + %*"+* "$o + "&%$*, &"@+ /o&+ "$o (o&*, "$ o!*+! o !++& + $o!+!$ $%"o$. No"$# o!+

)!()&, 5+!%"$&', $o"$# o!+ "+!, %+$+* o + "&%$* %$ ". 6% )+! *+ o( *%!@$+ o( o)& 6%

o+&+ %$* 5!)+& *)&$+ o( "$* T+ +$ /o, /+$ %+$, +' (+%!+* o!+ %$ *+%, /+!+ "$"+* '

+ o( +"! o/$ %55o!*, o o %', )$*+! + 5o+! o( o$+ !oo(: oolish princes of 8oan, % " %"*, 0iin0 un7isecounsel to Pharaoh.

The a6ons 2roe far more cruel than the former enemies. +e saeiore multo 2rimis hoste.

T+$ +!+ !+%@ (o! % !oo* o( /+& (!o + &%"! o( + %%#+ &"o$+, "$ !++ 5')&%+ @++&, % " "

+!++* "$ +"! &%$#)%#+, ) "$ o)!, "$ " o( /%! )$*+! ()&& %"&, /" o+$ %$* *""$%"o$. I$ ++ " /%

(o!+o&*, +!+ +"$# % !o+5' ("!&' !+&"+* )o$ %o$# +, % +' o)&* o55)' + 5o)$!' o /"5 + o/ o( +"! " /+!+ )!$+*, (o! !++ )$*!+* '+%!9 (o! o$+ )$*!+* %$* ("('----% " (o! %&( + "+----+'

o)&* %@+ (!+)+$ *+%%"o$. T+' %"&+* o), %$* % + *"!+5"o$ o( + )$&)5@' '!%$, ("! ("+* +"!*!+%*()& %&o$ "$ + +%+!$ %! o( + "&%$*, % +$ "$+$*"$# o ("# (o! + 5o)$!', ) o!+ !)&' o %%"& ".

To ++ + o+! o( + !oo*, ("$*"$# % )55+ %* %+$*+* + ("! 5o$"$#+$, +$* o) %&o % &%!#+! !%(-()&& o( %55o&"5+ %$* 5)!, /"5 %"& o+! %$* 4o"$ "+&( o +"! %%!* 5o!%*+. F!o % o)!5+, + ++*

o( "$")"', + !oo o( "+!$+, #!o/ % % o"o$o) &%$, /o!' o( o)! *++!, "$ o)! o/$ o"&, ()!$"+* /"

!)##+* !%$5+ %$* &+%+. T) + %!%!"%$, %*"+* "$o + "&%$*, )55++* "$ %"$# !o""o$ )&"+*

+, % "( +' /+!+ o&*"+! %$* %o) o +$5o)$+!, % +' (%&+&' %+!!+*, #!+% %!*" (o! +"! @"$*+$+!%"$+!. T++ !o""o$, %5)"!+* (o! % &+$# o( "+, 5&o+*, % + %'"$# ", + *o#; %/. T+' 5o&%"$,

%#%"$, % +"! o$&' )&"+ /+!+ $o 5o"o)&' 5o$!")+* o +, "$+$"o$%&&' 5o&o)!"$# +"! oo!)$""+,

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%$* *+5&%!+ %, "( &%!#+! )$"("5+$5+ /+!+ $o "&+* )o$ +, +' /o)&* !+%@ + !+%' %$* &%' /%+ +

/o&+ o( + "&%$*. T+' %*+ $o *+&%' o (o&&o/ ) +"! !+% /" *++*. 7

2?. Fo! + ("!+ o( !"#+o) +$#+%$5+, 5%)+* ' (o!+! 5!"+, &%K+* (!o +% o +%, +%+* ) ' + +%+!$

%$* o( ""o) +$9 %$* % " *+%%+* %&& + $+"#o)!"$# 5""+ %$* &%$*, *"* $o 5+%+ %(+! " %* ++$

@"$*&+*, )$"& " )!$ $+%!&' + /o&+ )!(%5+ o( + "&%$*, %$* &"5@+* + /++!$ o5+%$ /" " !+* %$* %%#+

o$#)+. I$ " %%)&, /"5 "# + 5o%!+* o + A'!"%$ %%5@ )o$ I)*%+% o( o&*, +!+ " ()&("&&+* "$ )%&o, %55o!*"$# o + %55o)$, % /"5 + !o+ "$ " &%+$ %':----

The hae burnt 7ith fire th sanctuar in the land,

The hae defiled the tabernacle of th name3

%$* %#%"$,

+ od, the 0entiles hae come into thine inheritance,The hae defiled th hol temple, 3?

%$* o (o!. I$ " /%' /+!+ %&& + +&++$ !o)# &o/ /" + (!+)+$ o5@ o( + %+!"$# !%9 +

"$%"%$, %&o$# /" + "o o( + 5)!5, o !"+ %$* +o&+, /"& /o!* #&+%+* o$ ++!' "*+ %$*

(&%+ 5!%5@&+*, /+!+ o#++! o/$ *o/$ o + #!o)$*, %$*, %* "# +!+ /+!+ ++$ "$ + "* o( !++, + oo o$+ o( o/+! /" %&& +% 3 5% *o/$, %$* o( "# /%&&, %5!+* %&%!, (!%#+$ o( o*"+ 5o+!+*

/" 5&o, % "( 5o%#)&%+*, o( !+* &oo*, "$ 5o$()"o$ % "$ % @"$* o( o!!"&+ /"$+ !+: +!+ /% $o +)&)!+ o(

%$' @"$* %+ + !)"$ o( o)+, o! + +$!%"& o( /"&* +% %$* "!* "$ + o+$, I %' " /" !++!+$5+ o +"!

o&' o)& "( "$ (%5 +!+ /+!+ %$' o + (o)$* o&', % /o)&* + 5%!!"+* ' o&' %$#+& o + +"# o(+%+$. Fo! + "$+'%!*, % o$+ "+ #oo*, %* +$ o (%! *+#+$+!%+* o "+! (!)", % !%!+&' 5o)&* + ++$,

%55o!*"$# o + !o+, %$' 5&)+! o( #!%+ o! +%! o( 5o!$, % " /+!+, +"$* + %5@ o( + "$%#+! o! !+%+!.

2. So+ 3 o( + /!+5+* !+$%$ /+!+ 5o$+)+$&' 5%)!+* o$ + o)$%"$ %$* @"&&+* "$ +%. O+!,

o+!5o+ ' )$#+!, 5%+ %$* '"+&*+* ++&+ o + +$+"+, o + +"! &%+ (o! ++!, "( +' /+!+ $o

"$%$&' &%"$, /"5 /% +)"%&+$ o + "#+ +!"5+. O+! !+%"!+* o %! +'o$* + +%,37 /" !o$#&%+$%"o$, % "(, "$+%* o( + o%!%$; 5%&&, "$#"$# ) +$+% + /+&&"$# %"&:

Thou hast 0ien us li9e sheep appointed for eatin0,

nd amon0 the 0entiles hast thou scattered us.

O+!, !)"$# +"! &"+, %&/%' /" %!++$"o$ o( "$*, o "# "&&, o+!%$#"$#, !+5""o), %$* (o!"("+*,

%$* o *+$+ 1 (o!+ %$* !o5@ o( + +%, !+%"$+* "$ +"! $%"+ &%$*, o)# /" (+%!.

A(+! % 5+!%"$ &+$# o( "+ + 5!)+& !o+! !+)!$+* o +"! o+.38 A !+$%$, o /o /!+5+* 5""K+$ (&o5@(!o *"((+!+$ &%5+ o$ ++!' "*+, % +%#+!&' % % "+ o( ++ /+$ % o! " !+%+$"$#, !%'"$# % + %+

"+ )$o H" /" +"! /o&+ +%!, %$*, % " %"*,

Burdenin0 the air 7ith unnumbered praers,3

% +' o)&* $o + )+!&' *+!o'+*, %@+ ) %! %$* 5%&&+$#+ +"! "5o! o %&+ )$*+! A!o")A)!+&"%$).?0 H+ /% % %$ o( )$%)"$# 5%!%5+!, /o, %&o$+ o( + Ro%$ !%5+ 5%$5+* o )!"+ "$ + o5@o( )5 % o! % " %!+$, +o&+ )$*o)+*&' 5&%* "$ + )!&+, %* ++$ @"&&+* "$ ", /o+ o((!"$# "$ o)!

*%' %+ #!+%&' *+#+$+!%+* (!o +"! %$5+!%& $o&+$+. To ++ +$, ' + Lo!*; (%o)!, +!+ 5%+

"5o!'.

The final ictory oer the a6ons. iee of *ons Badonicus. +e 2ostrema 2atriae ictoria


15/81

2. F!o % "+, + 5""K+$ /+!+ o+"+ "5o!"o), o+"+ + +$+', "$ o!*+! % + Lo!*, %55o!*"$#

o H" /o$, "# !' "$ " $%"o$ + I!%+& o( o-*%', /++! " &o+ H" o! $o. T" 5o$"$)+* ) o + '+%!

o( + "+#+ o( B%*o$ H"&&,?1 %$* 3 o( %&o + &% #!+% &%)#+! "$(&"5+* )o$ + !%5%&&' 5!+/. A$* "

5o+$5+, % (%5 I @$o/, % + (o!'-(o)! '+%!, ?2 /" o$+ o$ $o/ +&%+*9 " " %&o + '+%! o( ' "!. B)$o ++$ % + !++$ *%' %!+ + 5""+ o( o)! 5o)$!' "$%"+* % (o!+!&'9 *++!+* %$* *"%$&+*, +' &"+

$+#&+5+*?3 )$"& $o/, +5%)+, %&o)# /%! /" (o!+"#$+! %+ 5+%+*, *o+"5 /%! 5o$"$)+. T+ !+5o&&+5"o$

o( o o+&+ % !)"$ o( + "&%$*, %$* o( + )$&oo@+*-(o! +&, % ++$ ("+* "$ + +o!' o( o+ /o %+

)!"+* % /"$++ o( o %!+&. O/"$# o " %"* @"$#, %#"!%+, !"%+ +!o$, !"+, +55&+"%"5,++!%&&' !++!+* +"! o/$ !%$@. A +' *"+* %/%', /+$ %$ %#+ %* )55++*+* "#$o!%$ o( % o!, %$*

%"$# ++!"+$5+ o$&' o( + !++$ )"+, %&& + 5o$!o&&"$# "$(&)+$5+ o( !) %$* 4)"5+ /+!+ o %@+$ %$*

o+!)!$+* %, $o o +%@ o( !%5+, $o ++$ + !++!%$5+ o( + " o + (o)$* %o$# + !%$@ $%+*

%o+. I %@+ +5+"o$ o( % (+/ ??----% +!' (+/----/o o/"$# o + &o o( + % )&")*+ % !)+ *%"&' o+&&, %!+ 5o)$+* % o %&& % $)+! % o)! !++!+* o+! ?, + 5)!5, "$ % %$$+! *o+ $o o+!+ + %

+' !+ "$ +! oo. T+' %!+ + o$&' !+%& 5"&*!+$ + %. L+ $o %$ "$@ % I % &%$*+!"$# + $o&+ &"(+

o( ++ +$, %*"!+* ' %&& %$* +&o+* o( >o*, ' /o ' /+%@$+ " )o!+* o % $o o (%&& "$o +$"!+

!)"$, ' o&' !%'+!, % ' 5o&)$ %$* +!"5+%&+ )o!. L+ $o o$+ "$@ o, "( "$ % o+/% +5+"+&'(!++-o@+$, '+%, *o&+()& %$$+!, *!"+$ ' % 5!o/* o( +"&, I %&& $o o )5 !+% o(, % /++ 5o$5+!$"$# o+

/o +!+ $o o$&' +"! +&&', ) + *+"& !%+! %$ C!", 7ho is od blessed for eer. Fo! /' /"&& (+&&o/-

5""K+$ "*+ /% + $%"o$ %!o)$* %&!+%*' $o o$&' @$o/, ) !+!o%5 ) /" 7

-RT II.

eneral /enunciation of Princes and ;ud0es.

27. GIN>S B!"%"$ %, ) +' %!+ % +! '!%$: + % 4)*#+, ) +' %!+ )$#o*&' +$: +$#%#+* "$ (!+)+$

&)$*+! %$* *")!%$5+, ) o( %!&+ +$: %+$#"$# %$* *+(+$*"$#, '+% (o! + +$+(" o( 5!""$%& %$* !o+!.

T+' %+ $)+!o) /"+, o)# %!&o %$* %*)&+!o) /o+$: +' /+%! ) ' /%' o( (o!/+%!"$#, %@"$#o/ '+ %&o "+*"%+&' )+ (%&+oo*. T+' %@+ /%!, ) + /%! +' )$*+!%@+ %!+ 5""& %$* )$4) o$+.

T+' 5+!%"$&' )!)+ "++ "$*)!"o)&' !o)#o) + 5o)$!', /"& o+ "++ /o " /" + % %&+,

+' $o o$&' +++ ) ++$ !+)$+!%+. A& +' #"+ !o()+&', ) o+! %#%"$ " +' +% ) % )#+

o)$%"$ o( 5!"+. T+' %@+ +"! +% o !o$o)$5+ +$+$5+, '+ +&*o ++@ + !)&+ o( !"# 4)*#+$.D+""$# + "$$o5+$ %$* &o/&', +' o +"! )o +o& o + %! + &oo*'-"$*+*, + !o)*, +

)!*+!o) +$, +"! o/$ 5o%$"o$ %$* + %*)&+!o) +$+"+ o( >o*, "( 5%$5+ o o((+!, /o o)#, o#++!/" +"! +!' $%+, o + %"*)o)&' *+!o'+*. M%$' %+ +' o)$* "$ +"! !"o$, /o +' "&&-)+ /"

/+"# o( 5%"$, o!+ ' +"! o/$ (!%)* %$ ' !+%o$ o( *++!: +' &"$#+! %o$# + %&%! "$ + o% +'%@+, %$* o!&' %(+!/%!* &oo@ /" *"*%"$ o$ ++ %+ %&%! % "( +' /+!+ *"!' o$+.

/enunciation of the ie Princes.

Constantius of +amnonia.

28. O( " o ++5!%&+ % /"5@+*$+ Co$%$"$+, + '!%$$"5%& /+& o( + )$5&+%$ &"o$+ o( D%$o$"% ?, " $o

"#$o!%$. I$ " '+%!, %(+! % *!+%*()& (o! o( o%, ' /"5 + o)$* "+&( % + /o)&* )+ $o *+5+" %#%"$

" )4+5, %@"$# " o% ("! o >o*, %$* +5o$*&' o + 5o"! o( %"$ %$* o+ /o (o&&o/ +, "$ !+&"%$5+)o$ + o+! + 5)!5, + $++!+&+, "$ + #%! o( % o&' %o, 5!)+&&' o!+ + +$*+! "*+ o( /o !o'%&

5"&*!+$, /"&+ "$ + oo o( /o !++!+* o+! ----"K., + 5)!5 %$* + o+! %(+! + (&+----o#++!/" +"! /o #)%!*"%$. A$* +"! %!, !+5+* (o!, "$ $o /%' o %!o)!, /"5 $o %$ /% "$ + %" o(

)"$# o!+ !%+&' %$ +' % " "+, ) o/%!* >o* %$* H" %&%!, /"&& %$# "$ + *%' o( 4)*#+$ % '#%+, O C!", % !++!+* !o"+ o( +"! %"+$5+ %$* (%". H+ *"* " %o$# + o&' %&%!, % I %"*, /"

%55)!+* /o!* %$* +%! "$+%* o( ++, o % + 5&o%@, !+* % "( /" 5&o+* &oo*, o)5+* + &%5+ o( +

+%+$&' %5!"("5+.

T" *++* + 5o"+*, %(+! $o +!"o!"o) %5 /o!' o( !%"+9 (o!, %$' '+%! !+"o)&' + /% o+!5o+ '(!+)+$ )55+"+ *++* o( %*)&+!', %"$# ) %/%' " &+#""%+ /"(+, 5o$!%!' o + !o"""o$ o( C!" %$*

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+ T+%5+! o( + #+$"&+, /o %': 'hat od hath >oined let man not separate, %$*: Husbands loe our 7ies.

Fo! + &%$+*, o( the bitter ine of &odom "$ + o"& o( " +%!, )$(!)"()& (o! #oo* ++*, % oo o( )$+&"+( %$*

)$/"*o, /"5, /%+!+* ' )&"5 %$* *o+"5 ""+"+ % "( ' o"o$o) o/+!, %$* !"$#"$# (o! o!+

)"5@&' o + *"&+%)!+ o( >o*, !o)# (o! + #)"& o( )!*+! %$* %5!"&+#+. B) % o$+ 71 $o '+ (!++ (!o +$+ o( !"o! "$ + +% $+/ 5!"+ )o$ o&* o$+.

2. Co+ $o/ I !+!o+, % "( !++$, o$+ /o I @$o/ o + '+ )!""$#. 6' %! o) 5o$(o)$*+*, o))!*+!+! o( "$+ o/$ o)& 6' @"$*&+ o), o( "$+ o/$ %55o!*, + 5+%+&+ (&%+ o( +&& %#%"$ '+&(

6', %@"$# + &%5+ o( "$+ +$+"+, "+!5+ o) '+&(, )$*+! $o 5o)&"o$, /" "$+ o/$ /o!* %$*

+%! 6+!+ $o o+ +!' 5), o"o$o) /" 5!"+, %&+ o %"(' ' +%! Loo@ %5@, I +++5 ++, %$*5o+ o C!", "$5+ thou labourest %$* %! +$ *o/$ /" ' )#+ )!*+$, %$* H+, % H+ % %"*, 7ill 0ie thee

rest. Co+ o H" 7ho 7illeth not the death of a sinner, but that he should be conerted and lie: brea9, %55o!*"$#

o + !o+, the chains of th nec9, thou son of &ion. R+)!$, I !%', o)# (!o + (%!-o(( +5!+ %)$ o( "$,

o + +$*+! (%+! /o----(o! + o$ % *+"+ + )$5&+%$ (oo* o( /"$+, %$* (+%! + *+% o( %!* (%"$+,%$* returns to himself-----% ++$ %55)o+* "$ #&%*$+ to 9ill the fatted calf %$* to brin0 for7ard the first

0arment and roal rin0 (o! + +!!"$# o$+, %$* /" % (o!+%+ o( +%+$&' o+ o) %& (++& o/ the Lord is 9ind.

Fo! "( o) *+"+ ++ %*o$""o$, @$o/ % o) %& ++$ oo$ + /"!&+* !o)$* %$* )!$ "$ +&&;

"$*+5!"%&+ *%!@ (&oo* o( ("!+.

30. To) %&o, lion 7help, % + !o+ %', /% *o+ o), A)!+&") C%$"$)?7

A! o) $o /%&&o/+* ) "$ +%+, "( $o o!+ *+!)5"+, ("&, % + %$ !+"o)&' +$"o$+*, + ("& o( )!*+!, (o!$"5%"o$, %*)&+!"+,

&"@+ +%-/%+ !)"$# (%%&&' )o$ ++ H% o) $o ' ' %!+* o( ' 5o)$!'; +%5+, % "( " /+!+ % *+%*&'

+!+$, o! ' ' "$")"o) "! (o! 5""& /%! %$* !++%+* o"&, 5&o+* + *oo! o( +%+$&' +%5+ %$* !+o+(o! ' o)& L+( %&o$+ $o/, &"@+ % *!' !++ "$ + "* o( % ("+&*, !+++!, I !%' ++, + !"*+ o( ' (%+! %$*

!o+!, /" +"! +%!&' %$* )$"+&' *+%. 6"& o), +5%)+ o( "o) *++!, %$ +5+"o$ o %&o %&& '

(%"&', )!"+ (o! % )$*!+* '+%!, o! + o( + '+%! o( M+)+&% No. B) )$&+, % + P%&" %', o) be

er speedil conerted to the Lord, that Kin0 7ill soon brandish his s7ord a0ainst thee3 /o %' ' + !o+: " 7ill 9ill and " 7ill ma9e alie: " shall 7ound and " shall heal, and there is none that can delier out of m 73 hand.

6+!+(o!+ %@+ '+&( (!o ' ("&' *), %$* )!$ )$o H" /" ' /o&+ +%!, )$o H" /o 5!+%+* ++,

o % 7hen His an0er quic9l 9indles, thou maest be blest, hopin0 in Him. B) "( $o o, ++!$%& %"$ %/%" ++,

/o %& + %&/%' o!+$+*, /"o) +"$# 5o$)+*, "$ + *!+%* 4%/ o( +&&.

>orti2orius, 2rince of the +emetae (+yfed).

31. 6' %&o %! o), Vo!"o!, '!%$ o( + D++%+, (oo&"&' )o!$ ?8 L"@+ + %!* %! o), "$ %$$+! %$*/"5@+*$+ o( %!"o) 5o&o)!, o)# ' +%* " $o/ +5o"$# #!+', )o$ % !o$+ ()&& o( #)"&+, %$* (!o o o

oo *+("&+* ' %!"o) )!*+! %$* %*)&+!"+, o) /o!&+ o$ o( % #oo* @"$#, % M%$%+ o( H+K+@"%.

6% *o $o )5 /"*+ /"!&oo& o( "$, /"5 o) )5@+ "$ &"@+ #oo* /"$+, $%', %! '+&( /%&&o/+* '+, o)# + +$* o( &"(+ " #!%*)%&&' *!%/"$# $+%!----*o ++ $o %"(' ++ 6', o 5!o/$ %&& ' "$, *o

o), /+$ "$+ o/$ /"(+ %* ++$ !+o+* %$* +! *+% %* ++$ "!)o), ' + "o&%"o$ o( % %+&+

*%)#+!, )!*+$ ' o)& % /" % /+"# "o"&+ o !+o+

S+$* $o, I +++5 ++, + !+%"$*+! o( ' *%' "$ o((+$*"$# >o*, +5%)+ no7 is the acceptable time %$* the

da of salation "$+ )o$ + (%5+ o( + +$"+$, *)!"$# /"5 o) 5%$ /+&& !"$# o % % th fli0ht benot in 7inter or on the &abbath. Turn %55o!*"$# o + P%&" a7a from eil and do 0ood, see9 0ood peace and

follo7 it3 because the ees of the. Lord 7ill be upon thee 7hen thou doest 0ood, and his ears unto th praers, andhe 7ill not destro th memor from the land of the liin0. Thou shalt cr and he 7ill hear thee, and sae thee from

all th tribulations. Fo! C!" $++! *+"+ + +%! % " 5o$!"+ %$* )&+* ' + (+%! o( H". O+!/"+the 7orm o( ' %#o$' shall not die, %$* the fire o( ' )!$"$# shall not be quenched.

Cunelasus.

32. 6' *o o), %&o, /%&&o/ "$ + o&* ("& o( ' /"5@+*$+, (!o + '+%! o( ' 'o), o) +%!, !"*+! o(

%$', %$* *!"+! o( % 5%!"o +&o$#"$# o % +%!; *+$, *+"+! o( >o* %$* 5o$+$+! o( H" *+5!++, o) C)$+#&%

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? +%$"$# "$ + Ro%$ 7 o$#)+, o) %/$' )5+! 6' *o o) %"$%"$ )5 !"(+ %#%"$ o +$ %$*

>o* A#%"$ +$, "$+ o/$ 5o)$!'+$, o /", ' %! +5"%& o '+&(9 %#%"$ >o*, ' 5!"+ /"o)

$)+! 6', "$ %**""o$ o "$$)+!%&+ &%+, *o o), %"$# *!"+$ %/%' ' /"(+, 5% "$+ +'+ )o$ +!

*%%!*&' "+!, /o " )$*+! % o/ o >o* o( + +!+)%& 5%"' o( /"*o/oo*, % " % + o+ %', o( +"#+ +$*+!$+ o( +%+$&' $', /" + ()&& !++!+$5+, o! !%+! &)$$+, o( +! "$*, %#%"$ +

%o&+; !o"""o$ /+$ + %' % %*)&+!+! 5%$$o + 5""K+$ o( + @"$#*o o( +%+$ 6' *o o)

!oo@+, ' ' !++%+* "$4)!"+, + #!o%$ %$* "# o( %"$, /o o$ ' %55o)$ %!+ &""$# "$ + o*', % "( +'

/+!+ + ++ o( % )#+ &"o$+ % %&& o+ *%' !+%@ ' o$+ $ease, I !%', from an0er, % + !o+ %',and forsa9e + *+%*&' /!% % %&& o!+$ '+&(, /"5 o) !5%+ %#%"$ +%+$ %$* +%!, % ",

%#%"$ >o* %$* H" (&o5@. R%+! 5%$#+ ' &"(+ %$* 5%)+ + o !%' (o! ++, o /o " #"+$ + o/+! o

"$* %o+ + /o!&*, /+$ +' %+ o)$* #)"&' +$ "$ + /o!&*, %$* o &oo+, /+$ +' %+ %o&+* +

+$"+$.0 B+ $o, % + %o&+ %', hi0h-minded, nor hae th hope set on the uncertaint of riches, but in od7ho 0ieth thee man thin0s richl, % ' %$ %+$*+$ o( &"(+, thou maest la in store for thself a 0ood

foundation a0ainst the time to come, %$* %'+ %+ + !)+ &"(+9 % ", o( 5o)!+, + ++!$%& &"(+, $o % /"5

%+ %/%'. O+!/"+ o) %& @$o/ %$* ++, ++$ "$ " /o!&*, o/ +"& %$* "+! " " o %+ %%$*o$+* +

Lo!* ' >o*, %$* % H" (+%! " $o /" ++, %$* % "$ + /o!&* o 5o+ o) %& + )!$ "$ + "*+o)% o( ++!$%& ("!+, /"o), o/++!, "$ %$' 77 /%' *'"$#. Fo! + o)& o( "$$+! %!+ % "o!%& (o! $++!-

+$*"$# ("!+ % o+ o( + %"$ %!+ (o! 4o'.

*alocunus insularis draco. *ael0n of nlesey (?)

33. A$* o), + "&%$* *!%#o$, /o % *!"+$ %$' o( + '!%$ +$"o$+* !+"o)&', % /+&& (!o &"(+ % (!o

@"$#*o, o) &% "$ ' /!""$#, ("! "$ /"5@+*$+, +5++*"$# %$' "$ o/+! %$* % + %+ "+ "$ %&"5+,o!+ &"+!%& "$ #""$#, o!+ +5+"+ "$ "$, !o$# "$ %!, ) !o$#+! "$ /% *+!o' ' o)&----o)

M%5&o5)$),1 /' *o o) o)+&' /%&&o/ "$ )5 %$ o&* &%5@ oo& o( 5!"+, % "( o**+$ /" the 7ine that is

pressed from the ine of &odom< 6' *o o) "+ o ' !o'%& $+5@ o( "$+ o/$ %55o!*, % I %' %', )5

+%, "o"&+ o !+o+, o( 5!"+, % o( "# o)$%"$ 6' o/+ o) '+&( o H", + G"$# o( %&&@"$#, /o %*+ ++ )+!"o! o %&o %&& + @"$# o( B!"%"$, o "$ @"$#*o %$* "$ + (o! o( ' %)!+, $o

++! %$ + !+ "$ o!%&"', ) o$ + 5o$!%!' /o!+ >"+ % %"+$ +%!"$# (o! %/"&+ o %$ )$*o)+* !+5o!*

o( o+ 5%!#+ /"5, %"$# ' *o+"5 %$* &"#+! o((+$5+----"(, "$*++*, %$' %!+ &"#----%&& +"(' o$&' +

"$# /"5 %+ ++$ !o5&%"+* (%! %$* /"*+, "$ !o%* *%'&"#, % %*"+* 5!"+. I$ + ("! '+%! o( ''o), %55o%$"+* ' o&*"+! o( + !%+, /o+ 5o)$+$%$5+ "$ %&+ %+%!+* $o +!' )$&"@+ % o( 'o)$#

&"o$, *"* o) $o o "+!&' 5!) ' )$5&+ + @"$# /" /o!*, %$* +%!, %$* ("!+ No !+#%!*"$# +

!o+; /o!* /+$ " %': Men of blood and deceit shall not lie out half their das. 6% /o)&* o) ++5 o(

!+!")"o$ (o! " *++* %&o$+ (!o + !"#+o) 4)*#+, ++$ "( )5 5o$+)+$5+ % %+ (o&&o/+* /+!+ $o oo55)!, /+$ H+ &"@+/"+ 7 %' ' + !o+: 'oe unto thee that spoilest3 shalt thou not be spoiled< and thou

that 9illest, shalt not thou thself be 9illed< and 7hen thou hast made an end of th spoilin0, then shalt thou fall.

3? 6+$ + *!+% o( ' o!+"+ !+"#$ )!$+* o) %55o!*"$# o ' /", *"* o) $o, *!%/$ ' + *+"!+ o

!+)!$ )$o + !"# /%', /" + 5o$5"o)$+ o( ' "$ !o%&' ""$# *%' %$* $"# *)!"$# % +!"o*, ("!,

&%!#+&' +*"%"$# /" '+&( o$ + #o*&' /%&@ %$* + !)&+ o( o$@, +$, !"$#"$# + (o!/%!* o +@$o/&+*#+ o( o+$ )&"5"', *"* o) $o o/ '+&( (o! ++! % o$@ 6"o) %$' o)# o( )$(%"()&$+ /%

" *o$+, %55o!*"$# o ' *+5&%!%"o$, "$ + "# o( >o* A&"#', +(o!+ + (%5+ o( %$#+& %$* +$. To) %*

!o@+$, % /% o)#, o+ "# $+, ' /"5 (% )&& o( ' 5&% %!+ /o$ o + +$%$#&+* +%*&o$#, % ",

o) %* !o@+$ + $+ o( ++!' @"$* o( !o'%&', o( #o&* %$* o( "&+!, %$* /% " "#"+! %$ ++, o( "$+o/$ "+!"o) /"&&. A$* '+&( *"* o) !o("%&' $%5 &"@+ % *o+, (!o + !%+$, !o$#&' 5&+%"$# + "$

%"! "$ !)&"$# (&"#, +5%"$# + 5!)+& 5&%/ o( + ++*' %/@ /" "$)o) /"$*"$#, o + 5%+ o( + %"$,)!+ !+!+% (o! ++, %$* &%5+ o( !+(!++$. 6% #&%*$+ /o)&* +!+ + (o! ' o+!, + 5)!5, "( +

+$+' o( %&& %$@"$* %* $o *"%!o)&' *!%##+* ++ o((, "$ % /%', (!o +! oo 6% &+$"()& o)5/oo*(o! +%+$&' o+ /o)&* &%K+ "$ + +%! o( +$ /"o) o+, "( o) *"* +!++!+ "$ #oo* 6% %$* o/

%$' !+/%!* o( + @"$#*o o( C!" /o)&* /%" ' o)& "$ + *%' o( 4)*#+$, "( % 5!%(' /o&(, /+$ (!o %

/o&( o) %* +5o+ % &%, %* $o $%5+* ++ (!o + Lo!*; (o&* $o #!+%&' %#%"$ ' /"&&, o %@+

++ % /o&( (!o % &%, &"@+ )$o "+&( 6% 4o' ' %&%"o$, "( +5)!+*, %* ()!$"+* o + #!%5"o) F%+!%$* >o* o( %&& %"$, %* $o + /!+5+* (%+! o( %&& + &o, &"@+ %$ +%#&+ o( "#' /"$# %$* 5&%/----+

*+"&, I +%$----%#%"$ ++!' !"#, $%5+* ++ %/%' o + )$%' !oo o( " 5"&*!+$

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No o + +*"o)----' 5o$+!"o$ )$o #oo* (!)" !o)# % )5 4o' %$* &+%%$$+, o o +%+$ %$* +%!,

% $o/ ' %55)!+* !++!"o$ o ' (+%!()& o" &"@+ % "5@ *o#, % 5%)+* 81 o( o!!o/ %$* &%+$%"o$. 6+$

" !++!"o$ %* 5o+ o % ' ++! are presented as 7eapons of unri0hteousness unto sin %$* + *+"&,

/"5 o)# o %+ ++$ +%#+!&' presented, /" !o+! !+#%!* o #oo* +$+, as 7eapons of ri0hteousness untood. 6+$ + %+$"o$ o( ' +%! % ++$ 5%)#, " " $o + !%"+ o( >o*, "$ + )$+()& o"5+ o( C!";

(o&&o/+!, /" " /++ !', %$* + o$# o( 5)!5 +&o*', % %!+ +%!*, ) "$+ o/$ !%"+ /"5 %!+

$o"$#9 + o"5+ o( + !%5%&&' 5!+/ '+&&"$# (o!, &"@+ B%55%$%&"%$ !++&&+!, ()&& o( &"+ %$* (o%"$# &+#,

so % o ++%! ++!'o$+ $+%! +. I$ " /%' + ++&, o$5+ !+%!+* (o! + +!"5+ o( >o*, " 5%$#+* "$o %$"$!)+$ o( S%%$, %$* % /"5 /% *+++* /o!' o( +%+$&' o$o)! ", %55o!*"$# o " *++!, 5% "$o +

%' o( +&&.

3 Y+ $o ' )5 )&"$#-&o5@ o( +"&, % "( ' % @"$* o( %!!"+!, " ' "$*, *)&&+* !o)# % &o%* o(

)$/"*o, !+%!*+*9 ) "+)o) &"@+ % 'o)$# 5o&, /"5, "%#"$"$# ++!' &+%%$ &%5+ % $o !%+!+*, !)+

%&o$#, /" )$!"*&+* ()!', o+! /"*+ ("+&* o( 5!"+, +%"$# $+/ "$ )o$ o&*. Fo! 5o$+ " !o/$ )o$ '("! %!!"%#+, o)# %(+! ' "o&%+* o/ % % o$@ " /% "&&"5", '+ /% o + %)+* % + %!!"%#+ o( "$+

o/$ !o+! /"(+9 %$o+! %!!"%#+ " o)# %(+!, $o /" %$'o*'; /"*o/, ) /" + +&o+* /"(+ o( % &""$#

%$9 %$* + $o % !%$#+!, ) ' !o+!; o$. O$ " %55o)$, % "(( $+5@, %&!+%*' /+"#+* /" %$'

)!*+$ o( "$ o /", % *o)&+ *%!"$# )!*+!, + @"&&"$# o( + )%$* %o+ $%+*, %$* + /"(+ % /% (o! %"+ !+#%!*+* ' ++ % "$+, " +$ *o/$ !o)# + +!++ +5+ o( ' %5!"&+#"o) *++*, (!o &o/+

5!"+ o "&& &o/+!. A(+!/%!* o) *"* /+* +!, ' /o+ 5o&&)"o$ %$* "$"%"o$, + )#+ % o( + 5!"+

#!+/ )**+$&' o "#, 83 "$ )&"5, %$* % + (%&+ o$#)+ o( ' (&%+!+! %+!, % + o o( +"! o"5+, o)#

$o (!o + *+ o( +"! +%!, "$ % &+#""%+ %!!"%#+, !+#%!*"$# +! % % /"*o/9 ) o)! o$#)+ %', "$*++5!%+* /+*&o5@.

6% %"$ " +!+ /o+ o/+&, o+* ' )5 % %&+, *o $o % o$5+ !+%@ (o! "$o /++"$# %$* o"$# 6%

!"+, /o+ !"#+o) +%! " o+$ +(o!+ >o*, o$ +%!"$# o( ++ "$#, /o)&* $o, /" #!+% /%"&"$#, "$%$&'

%' % /o!* o( + !o+: 'ho 7ill 0ie 7ater unto m head, and a fountain of tears unto m ees< nd " shall7eep da and ni0ht the slain of m people. A&% &"&+ *"* o), /" ' +%!, &"+$ o + !o+; !+!oo( /+$

" ) +%@: 'oe unto ou, e impious men, 7ho hae abandoned the la7 of the Most Hi0h od: and if e be

born, e shall be born for a curse3 and if e die, our portion shall be for a curse. ll thin0s that are of the earth

shall 0o to the earth, so shall the 7ic9ed from curse unto perdition. I " )$*+!oo* if the return not unto the Lord,% &+%, /+$ )5 %$ %*o$""o$, % + (o&&o/"$#, % ++$ +%!*: M son thou hast sinned3 add no more thereto

but rather pra to be relieed of th old sins. A$* %#%"$: Be not slo7 to be conerted unto the Lord, nor defer it from

da to da, for His an0er shall come suddenl3 +5%)+, % + S5!")!+ %': 'hen the 9in0 hear9ens to an

unri0hteous 7ord, all that are under him are 7ic9ed. S)!+&', % + !o+ % %"*: >ust 9in0 eleates the land. 3B) /%!$"$# %!+ 5+!%"$&' $o /%$"$# o ++, "$5+ o) % %* % "$!)5o! + !+("$+* +%5+! o( %&o +

/o&+ o( B!"%"$.2 B+/%!+, +!+(o!+, &+ /% " $o+* ' So&oo$ %+$ )$o ++: s one 7ho rouses a sleeper

from deep sleep, is he 7ho spea9s 7isdom to a fool3 for in the end of his spea9in0 he 7ill sa, 'hat saidst thou

first ust, shall be accursed of

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the people, and hated of the nations: for the 7ho conict him shall hope better thin0s. A#%"$: Thou shalt not

respect th nei0hbour to his o7n ruin, nor hold bac9 7ord in the time of salation. A&o: Pluc9 out those that are

dra7n unto death, and redeem those that are slain, spare not, +5%)+, % + %+ !o+ %', riches shall not

profit in the da of 7rath3 ri0hteousness deliereth from death. "f the ri0hteous scarcel be saed 7here shall theun0odl and the sinner appear< T% *%!@ (&oo* o( +&& ? %&& !o&& !o)$* ++ /" " *+%*&' /"!& %$* ("+!5+ 87

/%+9 " %&& %&/%' o!)!+ %$* $++! 5o$)+ ++, o /o, % % "+ oo &%+ %$* !o("&+, %&& + + !+%&

@$o/&+*#+ o( %"$ %$* !++$%$5+ (o! "$, (!o /"5 + 5o$+!"o$ o + !"#+o) /%' o( &"(+, " *+&%'+* '

++.

%easons for "ntroducin0 'ords of the Hol Prophets @sancti ates1.

37. H+!+ "$*++*, o! ++$ +(o!+, /% o + 5o$5&)*+* " +%!()& %$* 5o&%"$"$# o!' o( + +"& o( " %#+, o

% ' o) o)&* $o ()!+! !+&%+ + *++* o( +$. B) &+ + $o )o+ % I % ""* o! /+%!"+*, o %

$o o + 5%!+()&&' o$ ' #)%!* %#%"$ % %'"$# o( I%"%: 'oe unto him 7ho calleth eil 0ood, and 0ood eil,

puttin0 dar9ness for li0ht, and li0ht for dar9ness, bitter for s7eet, and s7eet for bitter. 'ho seein0 do not see, and

hearin0 do not hear, 7hose heart is coered 7ith a thic9 cloud of ices. R%+!, I /" )55"$5&' o !+&%+ /%

!+%+$"$#, %$* o/ #!+%, + o!%5&+ o( + !o+ +5&%" %#%"$ + %o+-$%+* &%5""o) %$* %* ("+

o!+ o( + !+"$)+ o( P%!%o, ' /o " %!' " %5"+&' "$5"+* o " !)"$ "$ + R+* +%, %$* o+ &"@+ )$o

+. B' ++ o!%5&+, % "( ' % $o&+ !oo(, + )$*+!%@"$# o( ' &"&+ /o!@ " %(+&' 5o+!+*, o % " %' $o

%$* o+$ o + !%"$-o! o( +$"o) +$, /"5 %&& !) )o$ ", "+"$# /" o$+ %$o+!.

L+, +!+(o!+, + o&' !o+ +%@ (o! + $o/, % +' *"* (o!+!&'----+' /o oo* (o! % + o), o o

+%@, o( >o*, + "$!)+$ o( + Ho&' S"!" /" !o"""o$ o( "$ )$o +$, +(!"+$*"$# + #oo*----%#%"$

+ )o!$ %$* !o)* !"$5+ o( " %#+, &+ +' %', % o) o( ' o/$ "$+$"o$ %$* +!+ /o!*' !%$+, I

% )!&"$# %#%"$ + )5 !+%+$"$#, %$* 8 +!!o! o( )5 %#$")*+. Fo! o $o /"+ %$ " " *o)()& o/)5 o!+ #!"+o) %!+ + "$ o( " "+, %$ o+ o( + !"""+ "+, /+$ + %o&+ %': He that

trans0resses the la7, is put to death on the 7ord of t7o or three 7itnesses3 of ho7 much sorer punishments, thin9 e,

is he 7orth 7ho hath trodden under foot the &on of od.

-RT III

Auotations from &cripture, made consecutiel in the order of boo9s, denouncin0 7ic9ed Princes.

38. T+ ("! o ++ ) " S%)+&, /o ' + 5o%$* o( >o* (o)$*+* % &+#""%+ @"$#*o, % %$ *+*"5%+* o

>o* +(o!+ " "!, % !)+ !o+ o %&& + +o&+ o( I!%+& (!o D%$ o B++!-+%, @$o/$ ' "$*)"%&'

/o$*+!()& "#$. F!o " o) + Ho&' S"!" )$*+!+* o %&& + o/+! o( + /o!&*, /+$ *+$o)$5"$# S%)&,+ ("! @"$# o( + H+!+/, (o! + "&+ !+%o$ % + %* $o ()&("&&+* 5+!%"$ 5o%$* o( + Lo!*. H"

/o!* %!+: Thou hast done foolishl, nor hast thou 9ept the commandments of the Lord th od, 7hich He

commanded thee. "f thou hadst not done this thin0, od 7ould no7 prepare th 9in0dom oer "srael for eer3 but th

9in0dom shall arise no further. 6% +$ " +!+ &"@+ o + 5!"+ o( " "+ D"*. + 5o" %*)&+!' o!)!*+! No % %&&. H+, o/++!, %*+ % %!"%& 5%$#+ o( + 5o%$*, +5%)+, % o$+ o( o)!+&+ % /+&& %"*,


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6+ ), +!+(o!+, o+!+ % + %', + !+()%& o o+' >o* " + 5!"+ o( "*o&%!'. L+ $o o+ /"5@+* o$+

%&%)* ++&+, /+$ +' *o $o )&"5&' %5!"("5+ o + #o* o( + >+$"&+, "$5+ ' !+%*"$# )$*+! (oo,

&"@+ /"$+, + 5o&"+ +%!& o( C!", +' %!+ "*o&%+!.

3. B) %&o)# " o$+ +%&+, /" " "!+#$%&+ 5o$("!%"o$, o)&* + ()&&' )(("5"+$ o %+$* +

/"5@+*, $++!+&+, "$ o!*+! % "$ + o) o( %$' /"$++ + /o&+ /"5@+*$+ o( B!"%"$ %' +

+%&"+*, &+ ) % o$ o + !+.

6% %+$+* o D%"* /+$ + $)+!+* + +o&+, + !o+ >%* %'"$# )$o ": Thus saith the Lord: The

choice of three thin0s is 0ien thee3 choose the one thou 7ilt, that " ma do it unto thee3 either famine shall befall

thee seen ears, or thou shalt flee from thine enemies three months and the pursue thee, or there shall be a

pestilence in th land three das< B+"$# %!* !++* ' )5 % 5o$*""o$, %$* /"&&"$# !%+! o (%&& "$o + %$* o(

>o*, + +!5"()&, %$ "$o + %$* o( +$, + " )&+* ' + &%)#+! o( 70,000 o( " +o&+. H%* + $o,

103 o+* ' %oo&"5 &o+, 5o+$ o *"+ (o! " 5o)$!'+$, o % + &%#)+ o)&* $o o)5 +, % + %"*:

"t is " that hae sinned, " the shepherd hae done unri0hteousl3 those that are sheep, 7hat sin hae the committed f

let th hand, " pra, be turned a0ainst me and a0ainst m fathers house: %* + $o *o$+ ", + /o)&* %+ %*+

+"%"o$ (o! " ++*&+ !"*+ o( +%! ' " o/$ *+%.

Fo! /% %' + S5!")!+ "$ % &%+! %! !++5"$# " o$ &olomon, " +&& ), did that 7hich 7as not pleasin0 in

the si0ht of the Lord, and did not full follo7 the Lord as his father. .... The Lord said unto him, forasmuch as thouhast had this 7ith thee, and hast not 9ept m coenant and m precepts 7hich " hae 0ien thee, " 7ill brea9 asunder and diide th 9in0dom and 0ie it to th serant.

?0. 6% +(+&& /o %5!"&+#"o) @"$# o( I!%+&, 4) &"@+ o+ o( o)!, +!oo% %$* B%%%, +%!. T+ 4)*#+$ o(

+ Lo!* %#%"$ ++ +$ " 5o$+'+* !o)# + !o+, %'"$#: orasmuch as " hae ma0nified thee to be

prince oer "srael, because the hae proo9ed me b their anities, behold " stir up after Baasha and after his

house, and " shall render his house li9e the house of ;eroboam the son of *ebat. Him that dieth of his in the cit, shall the do0s eat, and his dead bod in the field shall the fo7ls of heaen consume. 6% %&o %#%"$ % /"5@+*

@"$# o( I!%+& (+&&o/ o( o+ ' /o+ 5o&&)"o$, %$* ' + #)"&+ o( " /"(+, "$$o5+$ N%o /% ) o *+%,

(o! + %@+ o( " "$+'%!*, "$+!"+* (!o " (%+! 6% " !+%+$+* ' + o&' o) o( % E&"4%, ' +

o) %)# "$ + ("+!' +%#+ o( + Lo!* T) + %': Thou hast een 9illed and ta9en possession3 and thou shalt add this, saith the Lord: in this place, in 7hich the do0s hae lic9ed the blood of *aboth, the 7ill also lic9 th

blood. T% + ++$ *"* 5o+ o % "$ " /%' " @$o/$ o ) ' 5+!%"$ !oo(. B) &+, % "$ + 5%+ o( +%(o!++$"o$+* A%, a lin0 spirit, spea9in0 ain thin0s in the mouth of our prophets, +*)5+ 'o) (!o

+%!@+$"$# o + /o!* o( + !o+ M"5%, behold od hath allo7ed a lin0 spirit to be in the mouth of all th prophets that are here, and the 10 Lord hath spo9en eil a0ainst thee. Fo! ++$ $o/, " " 5+!%"$, +!+ %!+ o+

+%5+! ("&&+* /" %$ oo"$# "!", *+5&%!"$# (o! *+!%+* &) !%+! %$ (o! !), /o+ /o!* %!+ %*+ o(+!

%$ o"& %$* '+ %!+ +!' 4%+&"$, /o %',


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o%, G"$# o( I!%+&, /+$ + %%$*o$+* + Lo!*, % '+ *o. H+ !o+ %$* %"* )$o + +o&+: Thus saith the Lord:

'h 107 do e trans0ress the precepts of the Lord, and prosper not< Because e hae left the Lord, He 7ill also

leae ou.

?2. 6% %&& I %' o( I%"%, + ("! o( + !o+ H+ +#%$ " !o+5' o! " ""o$ ' %'"$#: Hear e

heaens, and understand 7ith our ears, +? earth, since the Lord hath spo9en3 " hae nourished and brou0ht up

children, but the hae despised me. The o4 9no7eth its o7ner, and the ass its masters crib: but "srael 9no7eth menot, and m people hath not understood. &"&+ ()!+!, %**"$# (" !+%+$"$# (o! )5 % (o&&', + %': The

dau0hter of &ion shall be left li9e a tent in a ineard, and as a booth in a 0arden of cucumbers, li9e a cit that is

rac9ed. A$* /+$ + %!"5)&%!&' )o$ + !"$5+, + %': Hear the 7ord of the Lord, e princes of &odom39no7 the la7 of the Lord, e people of omorrah. I " 5+!%"$&' /o!' o( o+!%"o$ % )$4) @"$# %!+ 5%&&+*

!"$5+ o( So*o. Fo!, ' /%' o( (o!"**"$# + o((+!"$# o( %5!"("5+ %$* #"( o " ' )5 +$ /"& /+

#!++*"&' %55+ 7 "$# % (!o ++!' $%"o$ %!+ *"&+%"$# o >o*, %$* o o)! o/$ *+!)5"o$ !++$ +

*"!")"o$ o( o+ %+ "$# o + $++*' %$* +$$"&+, o *o+ + Lo!* +%@ )$o +$ )!*+$+* /""+$+ !"5+, %$* '+ %"$# + +%$ )!o+ o( "$$+!. Brin0 no more a sacrifice in ain3 incense is an

abomination unto me. A#%"$ + *+5&%!+: nd 7hen e stretch forth our hand, " 7ill turn a7a from ou3 and 7hen

e multipl praer, " 7ill not hear. 6' H+ *o+ " " + (o!: =our hands are full of blood.

So/"$# % + %+ "+ o/ + "# + %+%+*, + %': 'ash e, be e clean3 put a7a, the eil of our

thou0hts from before mine ees3 cease from pererse doin03 learn to do 0ood3 see9 >ud0ment, reliee the oppressed, >ud0e the fatherless. A "( %)"$# "$ %**""o$ + %! o( !+5o$5"&+!, + %': "f our sins be as scarlet, the shall

be made 7hite as sno73 and if the be red li9e a 7orm, the shall be 7hite as 7ool. "f e be 7illin0 and hear me, e

shall eat the 0ood of the land. Because if e refuse and proo9e me to an0er, the s7ord shall deour ou. 10

?3. R+5+"+ o$+ /o !)&' %$* )&"5&' %+$ o ++ /o!*, /+$ + *+5&%!+ + !+5o+$+ o( 'o)! #oo* %$*+"&, /" $o *"#)"+ o( (&%+!'9 $o % + o) o( 'o)! (&%+!+! /"+! !++5%&+ o"o$o) "$# "$o 'o)!

+%!.

A&o, *"!+5"$# " 4)*#+$ %#%"$ !%%5"o) 4)*#+, + +%@ ): Th princes are unfaithful companions of

thiees3 the all loe 0ifts and follo7 after re7ards3 the >ud0e not the fatherless, and the cause of the 7ido7 cometh

not iinto them. Therefore saith the Lord of hosts, the Mi0ht +ne of "srael: h? " shall be cheered 7ith respect to menemies, and be aen0ed of m adersaries3 and the heinous trans0ressors and the sinners shall be crushed to0ether

and destroed, and all 7ho hae abandoned the Lord shall be consumed. A&o +&o/: The ees of the loft man shall be humbled, and the hau0htiness of men shall be bo7ed do7n. A#%"$: 'oe unto the 7ic9ed for eil, for the re7ard

of his hands shall be unto him. A &"&+ %(+!: 'oe unto ou that rise up earl to follo7 after drun9enness, and todrin9 until the eenin0, until e are inflamed 7ith 7ine. The harp, the lre, the tabret, the pipe and 7ine are in our

feasts3 and the 7or9 of the Lord e re0ard not, and the 7or9 of His hands e consider not. Therefore m people hae

been led captie, because the hae not had 9no7led0e3 and their honourable men hae perished 7ith famine, and

their multitude hae parched 7ith thirst. Therefore hell hath enlar0ed her soul, and opened her mouth 7ithoutmeasure: and their stron0 ones and their multitude, their loft and reno7ned ones, shall descend unto it. A$* +&o/:

'oe unto them that are mi0ht to drin9 7ine, and men of stren0th to min0le drun9enness3 7ho >ustif the iic9ed for

re7ards, and ta9e a7a the ri0hteousness of the ri0hteous from him. Because of this, as the fire deoureth stubble,

and the heat of the flame burneth 7ood, so shall their root be as embers, and their blossom shall 0o iip as dust. orthe hae cast a7a the la7 of the Lord of hosts, and despised the 7ord of the Hol +ne of "srael. "n all this the

an0er of the Lord is not turned a7a, but His hand is stretched out still.

??. A$* %(+! o+ ()!+! /o!*, !+%"$# o( + *%' o( 4)*#+$ %$* + )$+%@%&+ (+%! o( "$$+!, + %': Ho7l

e, because the da of the Lord is at hand ----"( " /% +$ $+%!, /% %&& + o)# $o/----because destruction shall come from od. Therefore shall all hands be unloosed, and eer heart of man shall melt and be crushed:

pan0s and sorro7s shall ta9e hold of them3 the shall be in pain as a 7oman in traail. (ach one shall be ama2ed at

his nei0hbour3 their countenance shall be as faces burnt. Behold the da of the Lord shall come cruel, and full of

indi0nation 111 and 7rath and an0er, to place the land a desolation, and its sinners crushed out thereof3 since the stars of heaen and their splendour shall not spread their li0ht3 the sun shall be dar9ened in its risin0, and the moon

not shine in her time. nd " shall isit the eils of the 7orld, and, a0ainst the impious, their iniquit3 and shall cause

the pride of the unfaithful to become quiet, and the hau0htiness of the stron0 7ill " la lo7. A#%"$: Behold the Lord

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shall 7aste the earth, and ma9e it empt, and afflict its face, and scatter abroad the inhabitants thereof, and it shall

be, as the people, so the priest3 and as the serant so his master3 as the maid, so her mistress3 as the buer, so he

7ho sells3 as the lender, so he 7ho borro7s3 as he 7ho claims a debt, so he 7ho is in debt. The land shall be utterl

dispersed, and shall be despoiled 7ith pilla0in0. or the Lord hath spo9en this 7ord: The earth hath mourned andhath faded a7a3 the 7orld hath faded a7a3 the loftiness of the people of the earth hath been 7ea9ened, and the

earth hath been brou0ht to nou0ht b its inhabitants, because the hae trans0ressed the la7s, hae chan0ed the

ri0ht, and hae bro9en the eerlastin0 coenant. Therefore shall a curse deour the earth.

?. A$* +&o/: The that are merr in heart shall si0h, the >o of tabrets shall cease, the noise of them that re>oice

shall rest, the deli0ht of the harp 7ith its son0 shall be silent, the shall not drin9 7ine, bitter shall be their drin9 tothem that drin9 it, The cit of anit is 7asted3 closed is eer house, because no man entereth therein. There shall

be crin0 in the streets oer the 7ine, all >o is failed, all 0ladness of the land is carried a7a, desolation is left in

the cit, and adersit shall bear do7n the 0ates3 for these thin0s shall be in the midst of the land, and in the midst

of the people. A(+! % (+/ /o!*: The treacherous dealers hae dealt treacherousl, and 7ith the treacher oftrans0ressors hae the dealt treacherousl. ear, and the pit, and the snare, are upon thee, 7ho art an inhabitant of

the earth. nd it shall come to pass, he 7ho fleeth from the oice of fear shall fall into the pit3 and he that is freed

from the pit shall be ta9en in the snare, because the flood0ates from aboe 7ill be opened, and the foundations of

the earth 7ill be sha9en. The earth shall be utterl bro9en3 it shall be moed e4ceedin0l3 it shall be clean sta00ered li9e a drun9en man, and shall be carried a7a li9e a tent pitched for a ni0ht3 its trans0ressions shall be hea upon

it3 it shall fall, and shall ma9e no effort to rise. "t shall come to pass, in that da shall the Lord isit the host of

heaen on hi0h, and the 9in0s of the earth that are upon the earth, and the shall be 0athered to0ether as a host of

one bundle into 113 the pit, the shall be shut in prison there, and after man das shall the be isited. The moon shall blush, and the sun be confounded, 7hen the Lord of hosts shall rei0n in mount 8ion and in ;erusalem, and

shall be 0lorified in the presence of his elders.

?. A(+! % /"&+, #""$# % !+%o$ /' )5 "$# o)&* + !+%+$+*, + %' ): Behold the Lords hand is not

shortened, that it cannot sae3 neither His ear become hea, that it hear not. But our iniquities hae separatedbet7een ou and our od, and our sins hae hid His face from ou, that He should not hear. or our hands are

defiled 7ith blood, and our fin0ers 7ith iniquit: our lips hae spo9en falsehood, and our ton0ue uttereth

7ic9edness. There is none that calleth for >ustice, nor is there that >ud0eth trul, but the confide in nothin0ness3

the spea9 anities, the hae conceied sorro7 and hae brou0ht forth iniquit. A$* +&o/: Their 7or9s areunprofitable, and the 7or9 of inquit is in their hands. Their feet run into eil, and the ma9e haste to shed innocent

blood. Their thou0hts are unprofitable thou0hts3 desolation and destruction are in their 7as3 and the 7a of peace

the hae not 9no7n3 and there is no >ud0ment in their steps. Their paths hae been made croo9ed b them3

eerone 7ho 7al9eth therein 9no7eth not peace. Therefore is >ud0ment made far from ou, and ri0hteousness hathnot 0ot hold of ou. A(+! % (+/ /o!*: nd >ud0ment is turned bac9, and ri0hteousness hath stood afar: because

truth is fallen in the street, and upri0htness could not enter. Truth hath become in obliion3 and he 7ho hath

departed from eil, hath become open to pre. nd the Lord sa7 it, and it 7as not pleasin0 in His ees that there is

no >ud0ment.

?7. So (%!, &+ " )(("5+ o %+ %"* % (+/, o) o( %$', o( + /o!* o( I%"% + P!o+.

No/ /" +)%& %+$"o$ &"+$ o " /o, +(o!+ + /% (o!+* "$ + /o, /% (o!+@$o/$, /% %$5"("+* %$*

%o"$+* % !o+ %o$# %&& $%"o$ %&o, +(o!+ + %!+* /" " o+!----&"+$, I %', o +!+"%, /% +

% !o$o)$5+* 5o$5+!$"$# % (oo&" +o&+ %$* "((-$+5@+* @"$#. H+ +#"$ " )+!%$5+ #+$&' "$ " %$$+!.

nd the 7ord of the Lord came unto me, sain0, o and cr in the ears of ;erusalem, and sa. . . . Hear e the 7ordof the Lord, e house of ;acob, and all 9indred of the house of "srael: thus saith the Lord, 'hat unri0hteousness

hae our fathers found in me, that the are far 11 remoed from me, and hae 7al9ed after anit, and are become

ain, and hae not said, 'here is He 7ho caused us to come up out of the land of (0pt< A(+! % (+/ /o!*: rom

of old hast thou bro9en m o9e, thou hast burst m chains3 thou saidst, " 7ill not sere. " planted thee a chosenine, all a true seed. Ho7 then art thou turned into eil thin0s as a stran0e ine< "f thou 7ash thee 7ith nitre, and

multipl unto thee the plant borith, thou art mar9ed b thin

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