Getting started obtaining and generating video data

Carey Jewitt

MODE multimodal methodologiesFOR RESEARCHING DIGITAL DATA AND ENVIRONMENTS

http://mode.ioe.ac.uk

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

This Powerpoint is to be used in conjunction with the following MODE resources

An Introduction to Using Video for Researchhttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2012/03/17/an-introduction-to-using-video-for-research/

Transcribing Videohttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2012/05/18/transcribing-video/

Multimodal Analysis: Key Issueshttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2011/01/16/564/

Approachs to video based social reseachhttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2011/05/15/video-based-social-research /

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Presentation overview

• Video: qualities and uses• Key Issues for Data collection • Advantages and disadvantages of video

Four qualities of video: • It preserves the real-time temporal and sequential

structure characteristic of interaction • Provides a fine-grained multimodal record of an

event in which talk is kept in context (no other technology can)

• Video recordings are durable and shareable enabling multiple passes across data to capture detail fieldwork observation can miss

• It is a medium that features in many people’s everyday lives – with collaborative potential.

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Key Questions for video data collection:

• Different perspectives on how the use of video (cameras) shapes and effects data/research?

• When is video recording apt? • What ethical considerations arise? • Advantages and limitations of video data?• What are the different uses of video within

research?

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Key issue: camera position and set up

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Key point: camera position and set up

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Activity 1: ‘Just point and shoot? setting up

Reflection:How might the use of a video camera to collect data influence the process of your data collection?

How might you reduce or manage these influences?

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Activity 1: ‘Just point and shoot? setting up

Key issues include: Setting the camera up, Light and sound, the choice of a static or moving camera, the focus framing of action, Leaving vs ‘manning’ the camera, the decision of how many cameras to use, and the broad vs specific focus..

Activity 2: Access, ethics and consent

Read an Introduction to Using Video for Researchhttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2012/03/17/an-introduction-to-using-video-for-research/

With your research site and questions in mind- imagine you want to negotiate video recording some data for your project. What particular ethical considerations would the collection of video data raise?

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Some advantages• One observer – Share it with others – bring data to people – varied

multiple perspectives can be brought to data• Revisit a moment ‘not as past but formerly present’ (Raffel, 1979)• Revisit over a period of time – as you develop as a researcher, bring new

research questions to the data• Capture things you might not notice at the time• Reawaken’s memories and experience• Slow down and speed up view• Video can give you stuff that audio can’t – nuance – facial visual clues, • Good for exploratory data as it is more open and less decision is required

before hand • Can show the participant data - for reflection• Can involve the participant in the analysis• Can use video as a discursive prompt to gain insider knowledge• Captures detailed data and enables researcher to focus/engage on events

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Some limitations

• Too much data – overwhelming• The time involved in viewing data• Partial – masquerading as complete• Interactions – hard to capture continuity or history• Private, hidden, non – legitimate, social practices cant usually

be captured• Fractured representations – isolated moments• Can’t capture nuances or summarize• Discourses that attach to techno of camera – celebrity culture • Makes explicit your presence and research intention to ‘see

and look and capture’ – intrusive in identity terms• Reliance on techno – batteries, cables, light, sound quality

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

video effect: 3 perspectives

Read an Introduction to Using Video for Researchhttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2012/03/17/an-introduction-to-using-video-for-research/Which of the following best describes your perspective on video?

– Distorting interaction (actual vs imagined?)– Realist– Reflexive

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

There are many different Uses of video for research?

• Record/representation of an ‘event’• Video interviews• Prompt/ discursive object • Analytical / Reflexive tool• Dissemination resource• Intervention (e.g. model, training)• Alternative use to participant?

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

For more on approaches to Video based read the following MODE resources

Transcribing Videohttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2012/05/18/transcribing-video/

Multimodal Analysis: Key Issueshttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2011/01/16/564/

Approaches to video based social reseachhttp://mode.ioe.ac.uk/2011/05/15/video-based-social-research/