Geometry Power Point

7/18/2019 Geometry Power Point

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Three-dimensional Shapes (3D)

• These shapes are

solid or hollow, you

could hold them in

your hand.

• They have three

dimensions: length,width and height.



Solid• shape you can

hold (3D).

• solid has length,

width and height.• !"amples:

# $u%e

# $ylinder

# Sphere

# $one

# &rism



Sur'ace• The curved part o' a 3D

shape.

• $ylinders and cones

have sur'aces.



ace

• &art o' a 3D shape

that is 'lat.

• !"ample: cu%e has

'aces.



*ase• The %ottom

'ace o' a 3D

o%+ect.

BaseBase



!dge• The line where two

'aces meet on a 3D

o%+ect.

• !"ample: cu%e has

edges.



$orner • The point where three

or more edges touch.

• This cu%e has corners all together.



erte" (ertices)• The point where three

or more edges meet.

• This cu%e has vertices all together.



$u%e• 3D shape (you can

hold it).

• /t has e0ual s0uare

'aces.

• $u%es in daily li'e:

# A box # Blocks

# Dice



$u%e• three-dimensional

shape which has:

# 6 square faces all thesame size

# 12 edges

# 8 corners




shape which has:

# 6 square faces all thesame size

# 12 edges

# 8 vertices




shape which has s0uare 'aces all thesame si1e, edgesand 2 vertices.

• Some 'aces parallel

• Some edges parallel

• Some 'aces perpendicular

• Some edges perpendicular



Sphere• 3D shape (you can

hold it) that can roll.

• Sphere has no

corners or edges

• Spheres in daily li'e:

# A Ball # A Globe

# A arble



Sphere• per'ectly round

three-dimensional

shape, lie a %all. /t

has only one curvedsur'ace.

• sphere has

# ! faces

# ! edges

# ! corners



Sphere• per'ectly round

three-dimensional

shape, lie a %all. /t

has only one curvedsur'ace.

• sphere has

# ! faces

# ! edges

# ! vertices



$one• 3D shape (you can


• $one has a circle at

its %ase and a curvedsur'ace that comes toa point at its top(verte").

• $ones in daily li'e: # "ce #ream #one

# A $art% &at



$one• three-dimensional

shape made up o':

# a circular %ase

# a curved sur'ace thatcomes to a point at the

top (verte").

• $one has ! edges

and ! corners'



$one• three-dimensional

shape made up o':

# a circular %ase

# a curved sur'ace thatcomes to a point at the

top (verte").

• $one has ! edges

and ! vertices'



$ylinder • 3D shape (you can


• $ylinder has

e0ual circles on itsends.

• $ylinders in daily li'e: # A (ou) #an

# A *oll of +oilet $a)er



$ylinder • three-dimensional

shape with one

curved sur'ace and


• $ylinder has 2

faces, 1 surface, !

edges and

! corners.



$ylinder • three-dimensional

shape with one

curved sur'ace and


• $ylinder has 2

faces, 1 surface, !

edges and

! vertices.



&yramid• three-dimensional

shape which has a

polygon 'or its %ase

and triangular 'aceswhich meet at one

point (verte").



4ectangular &rism• 3D shape (you can

hold it).

• /t has rectangular

'aces.

• $u%es in daily li'e:

# A -leenex Box # A *efrigerator

# A #ereal Box



4ectangular &rism• 3D shape that has:

# 6 rectangular faces

• o' those 'aces are

e0ual

# 12 edges

# 8 corners






e0ual

# 12 edges

# 8 vertices






e0ual # 12 edges

# 8 vertices

• Some 'aces are parallel

• Some edges are parallel• Some 'aces are perpendicular

• Some edges are perpendicular



Two-Dimensional Shapes (D)

• These shapes are 'latand can only %edrawn on paper.

• They have twodimensions: lengthand width.

• They are sometimescalled plane shapes.



Sides

• The lines you can

trace and count on

the outside o' a

D shape.

• !"ample:

triangle has 3sides. s0uare

has 5.



&olygons• Two-dimensional

shapes that havethree or more sidesmade 'rom straightlines.

• !"amples:

# triangles # s0uares

# rectangles



6uadrilaterals• ny two-dimensional

shapes (polygon)

with 5 straight sides

and 5 angles

• !".

rhom%us ite

rectangle trape1oid

s0uare



6uadrilaterals• ny two-dimensionalshapes (polygon)

with 5 straight sidesand 5 angles

• The interior angles o'a 6uadrilateral addup to 37 degrees.

• !".

rhom%us ite rectangle trape1oid

s0uare



&arallelogram• 0uadrilateral with

parallel opposite

sides o' e0ual

length.

• 8pposite angles are

e0ual.



4ectangle• D shape with 5

corners and pairs o'

opposite, e0ual,

parallel sides.

• 4ectangles in daily

li'e:

# Door

# &iece o' &aper



4ectangle• D shape with 5

corners and pairs o'

opposite, e0ual,

parallel sides.

• The sides meet at

right angles.



4hom%us

• D shape with 'our

sides.



4hom%us

• D, 'our-sided

shape with opposite

sides that are parallel.

• ll the sides are the

same length.



4hom%us• D, 'our-sided

shape with opposite

sides that are parallel.

• ll the sides are thesame length.

• Diagonals o' a

4hom%us %isect each

other at right angles.



Trape1oid• D shape (polygon)

with 'our sides.

• 8ne pair o' sides is

parallel.



Trape1oid

• D shape (polygon)

with 'our sides.

• 8ne pair o' sides is

parallel.



$ircle• D shape with no

corners or edges.

• $ircles in daily li'e:

# $loc



Semicircle

• D shape that is

e"actly hal' o' a

circle.

• Semicircles in daily

li'e:

#9al' o' a pie

# 9al' o' a pi11a



S0uare• D shape with 5

e0ual sides and 5

corners

• S0uares in daily li'e:

# indow

# Some loor Tiles

# Some $eiling Tiles



S0uare• D shape (polygon)

with 5 e0ual sides

and 5 right (;7<)

angles.• 8pposite sides are

parallel.



Triangle• Two-dimensional

shape with three

straight sides and

three corners.

• Triangles in daily li'e:

# The 'ront o' a tent




shape (polygon) withthree straight sidesand three angles.

• There are # isosceles triangles,

# right triangles # e0uilateral triangles

# scalene triangles




shape (polygon) withthree straight sidesand three angles.

• The interior angleso' a triangle add upto 27 degrees.

•There are # isosceles triangles,

# right triangles

# e0uilateral triangles

# scalene triangles



&atterns• repeating design.

Examples:Examples:

A BA B

A A BA A B

GrowingGrowing



=ine• long, thin

mar that

continues

'orever.

• /t has no

endpoints.



=ine• n in'initely

long, thin, two-

dimensional

mar

• /t has no

endpoints.



&arallel• =ines that are the

same distance apart'rom each other.

• These type o' linesstay the samedistance apart 'ortheir whole length.They do not need to

%e straight or thesame length.

• They never intersect.



&erpendicular • =ines that intersect at

a per'ect right angle

(;7>) to one another.

• /n solid shapes,edges could %e at a

right angle to one

another.

• aces could also %eat right angles to one

another.



/ntersecting• $rossing over one

another.

• These lines are

intersecting.



=ine Segment• section o' line

%ounded %y two

endpoints.

• line segment

is not

continuous.



&oint• single position

in space (dot).



Distance• The length

%etween two

points or

o%+ects.

AA BB



ngles• shape 'ormed

%y two lines orrays that e"tend

'rom a commonpoint (verte").

• The amount o'turning %etween

two lines thatmeet at a commonpoint (verte").



erte" (angles)• The common

point %etween

two or more

rays or linesegments.



cute ngle

• n angle thatmeasures less

than ;7 degrees.



4ight ngle

• n angle whose

measure is

e"actly ;7

degrees.



8%tuse ngle

• n angle whose

measure is more

than ;7 degrees.



Straight ngle

• n angle whose

measure is

e"actly 27

degrees.

• straight line.



/nterior ngles

• ny angle

inside a

polygon.



$ongruent• Two 'igures are

congruent i' they

have the same

shape and si1e.• Two angles are

congruent i' they

have the samemeasure.



ertical ngles• pair o' angles

directly opposite

each other 'ormed

%y the intersectiono' straight lines.

• ertical angels

are congruent(e0ual).



/sosceles Triangle

• triangle with

e0ual sidesand e0ual

angles



!0uilateral Triangle

• triangle with 3

e0ual sides and 3

e0ual angles.



4ight Triangle

• triangle with one

right angle (;7

degrees).



Scalene Triangles• triangle with 3

di''erent side

lengths and 3

di''erent anglemeasures.



Symmetry

• n o%+ect issymmetricalwhen you can

'old it in hal' andthe two halvesare congruent.

• 8ne hal' is amirror image o'the other.



Symmetrical .ot Symmetrical

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Geometry Power Point