Geography, Humankind, and Migration

Unit 1Ms. Hunt

RMS IB Middle School 2012-2013

Difference between geography and environment.

• Geography- the study of people, places, and environment

• Environment- the physical surroundings of a location

Tectonic Plates

• Pangaea- all continents connected together• 4 Types of Tectonic Movement– Divergent– Subduction– Convergent– Transform

Earth’s Reaction to Movement

• Earthquake• Volcanic

Eruptions• Creation of

mountains and valleys

Beginning of HumansBeginning of Humans• Out of Africa theoryOut of Africa theory– People centered in Africa and migrated “out of Africa” People centered in Africa and migrated “out of Africa”

to other continentsto other continents• Australopithecines- Discovery of “Lucy” (4 million Australopithecines- Discovery of “Lucy” (4 million

years ago)years ago)• Homo Habilis- tool using humans Homo Habilis- tool using humans • Homo Erectus- “Turkana Boy”, stand upHomo Erectus- “Turkana Boy”, stand up• Homo Sapiens- people identical to humans Homo Sapiens- people identical to humans

Human Movement

• Push- reasons why people wish to leave an area– Lack of resources (land,

education, medical)– Change of climate– Escape persecution– Dangerous environment– Forced removal

• Pull Factors- reasons why people wish to come to a new area– Availability of resources– Job/ education

opportunities– Return to family/

culture/ homeland– Be closer to holy land of

religion

Types of Movement

• Migration- moving from one region to another– Internal migration

• Immigration- moving from one country to another– External migration- moving across a continent

(Quickly or slowly)• Example- Bantu Migrations

Effects of Migrations• Cultural– Creates diversity, new culture– Discrimination

• Economic– Improve economy with specialized workers– Harm economy because of limited resources to sustain

new people (Example- Refugees)• Political– Removal of Immigrants (Example- Arizona)– Immigrants viewed as asset to government and society

Population Movement Scenario #1

My name is Sonya and I am from Mexico City. I have lived here all of my life but my family and I have decided to move to San Antonio, Texas. Mexico City is very dangerous and does not provide my siblings and I with the education we need in order to succeed. In the United States, my family would be able to work and live in a safe environment and receive the education we want.

*What reasons did Sonya give for moving?

Population Movement Scenario #2

My name is William and I currently live in the United Kingdom. I moved here 5 years ago in order to get a job with a large European bank. I had to leave my family and homeland behind but now I have decided to return. Although I enjoyed living in the UK I am excited to go back home to Israel to be closer to the holy land and my culture.

*What reasons did William give for moving?