GEOGRAFIJA ANGLOAMERIKE

PREDDIPLOMSKI ISTRAIVAKI STUDIJ GEOGRAFIJE

DIPLOMSKI NASTAVNIKI STUDIJ GEOGRAFIJE

INTEGRIRANI NASTAVNIKI STUDIJ GEOGRAFIJE I POVIJESTI

Skripta iz kolegija

GEOGRAFIJA ANGLOAMERIKE prema predavanjima prof.dr.sc. Laure akaje

Zagreb, 2013.

Emersion

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SADRAJ

POJAM I PODJELA AMERIKE TE PROSTORNI OBUHVAT ANGLOAMERIKE ...................................................................... 3

RELJEF ANGLOAMERIKE............................................................................................................................................... 4

OBLIKOVANJE RELJEFA ............................................................................................................................................ 4

Geoloka struktura kao imbenik oblikovanja reljefa ........................................................................................... 4

Pleistocenska glacijacija kao imbenik oblikovanja reljefa .................................................................................... 4

RELJEFNE CJELINE ANGLOAMERIKE ......................................................................................................................... 5

Obalne ravnice Atlantika i Meksikog zaljeva ....................................................................................................... 6

Sustav Apalaa i Ozark-Ouachita platoa ............................................................................................................... 7

Kanadski tit ........................................................................................................................................................ 7

Sredinje nizine ................................................................................................................................................... 8

Velike ravnice ...................................................................................................................................................... 8

Sustav Kordiljera.................................................................................................................................................. 9

KLIMA ANGLOAMERIKE ............................................................................................................................................. 10

KLIMATSKI ELEMENTI U ANGLOAMERICI ............................................................................................................... 11

Prostorna raspodjela temperatura zraka u Angloamerici ................................................................................... 11

Prostorna raspodjela padalina u Angloamerici ................................................................................................... 11

Vremenske nepogode u Angloamerici ............................................................................................................... 12

KLIMATSKE REGIJE ANGLOAMERIKE ...................................................................................................................... 12

TLA ANGLOAMERIKE ................................................................................................................................................. 14

POVIJESNI PREGLED NASELJENOSTI ANGLOAMERIKE ................................................................................................. 15

PRVE ZNAAJNIJE CIVILIZACIJE U ANGLOAMERICI .................................................................................................. 15

EUROPSKO OTKRIE AMERIKE ............................................................................................................................... 16

KOLONIZACIJA ANGLOAMERIKE............................................................................................................................. 16

RAZVOJ EUROPSKIH KOLONIJA I IRENJE TERITORIJA SAD-A .................................................................................. 16

panjolska, francuska i nizozemska naselja i kolonije u Angloamerici ................................................................. 17

Britanske kolonije na prostoru u Angloamerici ................................................................................................... 17

RAZVOJ I IRENJE TERITORIJA KANADE .................................................................................................................. 19

STANOVNITVO ANGLOAMERIKE .............................................................................................................................. 19

PREGLED IMIGRACIJE U SAD I KANADU KROZ PROLOST ....................................................................................... 19

Doseljenici iz Azije i Pacifikih otoka .................................................................................................................. 20

Hispanoamerikanci ............................................................................................................................................ 21

Afroamerikanci .................................................................................................................................................. 21

Kanadska frankofona populacija ........................................................................................................................ 22

OBILJEJA NASELJENOSTI ...................................................................................................................................... 22

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UKUPNA PROMJENA BROJA STANOVNIKA ............................................................................................................. 23

RELIGIJSKA STRUKTURA STANOVNITVA SAD-A I KANADE ..................................................................................... 23

POLITIKI I IZBORNI SUSTAV U SAD-U ........................................................................................................................ 24

IZBORNI SUSTAV U SAD-U ..................................................................................................................................... 25

GOSPODARSTVO ANGLOAMERIKE ............................................................................................................................. 25

OBILJEJA POLJOPRIVREDE ANGLOAMERIKE.......................................................................................................... 25

Poljoprivredne regije u Angloamerici ................................................................................................................. 26

OBILJEJA RIBARSTVA U ANGLOAMERICI ............................................................................................................... 28

OBILJEJA UMARSTVA U ANGLOAMERICI............................................................................................................. 28

OBILJEJA ENERGETIKE I RUDARSTVA U ANGLOAMERICI ....................................................................................... 28

Proizvodnja ugljena ........................................................................................................................................... 28

Proizvodnja nafte .............................................................................................................................................. 29

Proizvodnja prirodnog plina ............................................................................................................................... 29

Proizvodnja elektrine energije.......................................................................................................................... 30

Eksploatacija ruda ............................................................................................................................................. 30

OBILJEJA INDUSTRIJE ANGLOAMERIKE ................................................................................................................. 30

Obiljeja amerike industrije.............................................................................................................................. 31

Razmjetaj angloamerike industrije.................................................................................................................. 31

PROMETNA OBILJEJA ANGLOAMERIKE .................................................................................................................... 33

CESTOVNI PROMET U ANGLOAMERICI................................................................................................................... 33

Putniki cestovni promet ................................................................................................................................... 34

Teretni cestovni promet .................................................................................................................................... 34

ELJEZNIKI PROMET ............................................................................................................................................ 34

Teretni eljezniki promet ................................................................................................................................. 35

Putniki eljezniki promet ................................................................................................................................ 35

ZRANI PROMET ................................................................................................................................................... 36

Putniki