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Genetics Review
Who established modern Genetics?
(aka Father of Genetics)
•Gregor Mendel
What do geneticists call a genetic cross made to
study a single trait?
•Monohybrid Cross
What are distinctive forms of a gene called?
•Alleles
What is any characteristic passed
from parent to offspring?
•A Trait
An organism that receives different alleles
from both parents is a__________
•Hybrid
A punnett square represents the
phenotype of an organism. T or F
•False
How do we represent the allele for a recessive
trait?
•Lowercase letter
How do we represent the allele for a recessive
trait?
•Lowercase letter
A section of a chromosome that codes
for a trait is a
•Gene
What is the likelihood that a particular event
will occur?
•Probability
Which law states that gene pairs separate from
each other during meiosis?
•Law of segregation
If a male organism has the genotype
AABBCCDD and is crossed with a female with aabbccdd, what
would all of their offspring's genotypes
be?•AaBbCcDd
If all the offspring peas in a cross are Rr, then what were the parent’s
genotypes
•RR x rr
What is the genetic makeup of an organism
called?
•Genotype
The branch of Biology that deals with heredity
•Genetics
Write a genotype for a homozygous recessive
trait.
•rr
Passing of traits from parent to offspring
•Heredity
An allele that expresses itself in a hybrid is
a(n)_________.
•Dominant allele
Offspring of the P generation
•F1 generation
What is the genotypic probability of a cross between Bb and Bb?
•1BB:2Bb:1bb•25%BB:50%Bb:25%bb•¼ BB: ½ Bb: ¼ bb
Reasons Mendel studied peas
•Rapid reproduction•Easy to cross pollinate•Distinctive traits•Easy to grow
Offspring of the F1 generation
•F2 generation
Write a genotype for a heterozygous trait.
•Rr
Dominant is to Recessive as Heterozygous is to
•Homozygous
How can we represent Probability?
•Ratio•Fraction•Percentage
A person with brown eyes allele(B) and a blue eye allele (b)has brown eye because of
which law?
•Law of Dominance
Write the genotypes for a cross between two
heterozygous individuals for a single
trait.•Gg X Gg
In Rabbits Black fur (B) is dominant to Brown fur (b)
1 2
3 4
What is this device called?
Punnett Square or Monohybrid cross
What law states that gene pairs segregate
randomly and independently from each
other?
•Law of independent assortment
Which Punnett Square is worked out correctly?
•
D d
DD Dd
DD DdD
D
D d
dd Dd
DD ddD
D
d d
Dd dd
Dd ddD
d
If you flipped a coin five times and it came up on heads, what is
the chance it will come up on heads
next time?
•50%
In Rabbits Black fur (B) is dominant to Brown fur (b)
1 2
3 4
What’s the color of both parents?Black
In Rabbits Black fur (B) is dominant to Brown fur (b)
1 2
3 4
What is the phenotype of Box 2?Black
All of the possible results of a genetic cross
can be shown by using what tool?
•Punnett Square
What is the term for the physical appearance
that an organism expresses?
•Phenotype
In Rabbits Black fur (B) is dominant to Brown fur (b)
1 2
3 4
What is the genotype of box 4?bb
How do the offspring of 2 purebred parents look in
comparison?
•identical
Gregor Mendel used pea plants to show what?
•How traits are inherited
R =Round r =wrinkledY = yellow and y=green
X 6
7 1 3
9 2 5 4
8
What is the genotype of the individual in box 2?RrYy
R =Round r =wrinkledY = yellow and y=green
X 6
7 1 3
9 2 5 4
8
What is the phenotype of the individual in box 1?Round & yellow
R =Round r =wrinkledY = yellow and y=green
X 6
7 1 3
9 2 5 4
8
What type of cross is this?
Dihybrid
R =Round r =wrinkledY = yellow and y=green
X 6
7 1 3
9 2 5 4
8
What is the genotype of the individual in box 7?RRYy
R =Round r =wrinkledY = yellow and y=green
X 6
7 1 3
9 2 5 4
8
What is the phenotype of the individual in box 8?Wrinkled & green
End of Genetics Part I