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GC Unit 6 GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration The Age of Exploration

GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

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Page 1: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

GC Unit 6GC Unit 6

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

Page 2: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

MotivationsMotivations ““Glory, God and GoldGlory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo ” (Marco Polo

TravelsTravels)) GoldGold:Spices (Cinnamon, Pepper, nutmeg, :Spices (Cinnamon, Pepper, nutmeg,

salt)salt) Demand had risen as population recoveredDemand had risen as population recovered Need to cut out the middle menNeed to cut out the middle men

GodGod: Chance to crusade against : Chance to crusade against heathens and spread Roman Catholic heathens and spread Roman Catholic faithfaith

GloryGlory: Renaissance spirit of inquiry: Renaissance spirit of inquiry

Page 3: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Medieval Trade RoutesMedieval Trade Routes

Page 4: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Portuguese are the firstPortuguese are the first Led by Led by Prince Prince

HenryHenry Redesigned ships, Redesigned ships,

made maps, trained made maps, trained sailorssailors

Bartholomeu DiasBartholomeu Dias: : Southern most tip of Southern most tip of Africa (1488)Africa (1488)

Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama: : First to reach India; First to reach India; established trading established trading in India (1498)in India (1498)

Page 5: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Innovation and InventionInnovation and Invention

Maps (Maps (CartographyCartography)) Prince Henry the Navigator (Sagres)Prince Henry the Navigator (Sagres)

The Astrolabe (latitude) and The Astrolabe (latitude) and CompassCompass

Better vessels called Better vessels called CaravelsCaravels triangle sails, fixed rudders, wider hullstriangle sails, fixed rudders, wider hulls Better cannonsBetter cannons

Page 6: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus SpainSpain wants in on trade wants in on trade

profitsprofits Sail West to get EastSail West to get East 1492 1492 Ferdinand and IsabellaFerdinand and Isabella

give him 3 shipsgive him 3 ships Depart Aug 3Depart Aug 3rdrd

Scurvy, miseryScurvy, misery Arrive at Arrive at San SalvadorSan Salvador

October 12October 12thth 1492 1492

Page 7: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Dividing the WorldDividing the World Fought over by Fought over by

Spain & PortugalSpain & Portugal The issue was settled The issue was settled

by by Pope Alexander Pope Alexander VIVI who drew a who drew a Line Line of Demarcationof Demarcation to to separate separate Spanish Spanish landland from from Portuguese landPortuguese land

Later the Treaty of Later the Treaty of TordsillasTordsillas

Port. Get BrazilPort. Get Brazil Cabral 1500Cabral 1500

Page 8: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Later Spanish ExplorersLater Spanish Explorers Amerigo Vespucci (1507)Amerigo Vespucci (1507) Vasco Nunez De Balboa (1513)Vasco Nunez De Balboa (1513)

Pacific OceanPacific Ocean Juan Ponce De LeonJuan Ponce De Leon

Florida/Fountain of YouthFlorida/Fountain of Youth Francisco De Coronado (1540)Francisco De Coronado (1540)

7 cities of Gold/Grand Canyon7 cities of Gold/Grand Canyon Hernando De Soto (1541)Hernando De Soto (1541)

Mississippi RiverMississippi River

Page 9: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan September 1519 set out for a 2 year September 1519 set out for a 2 year

voyage to circumnavigatevoyage to circumnavigate Portuguese but working for SpainPortuguese but working for Spain 5 ships 285 men5 ships 285 men

November 1520 3 ships enter the Strait of November 1520 3 ships enter the Strait of Magellan and sail into the Pacific OceanMagellan and sail into the Pacific Ocean

March 1521 reach the PhilippinesMarch 1521 reach the Philippines Magellan killedMagellan killed

September 8September 8thth 1522 18 men and 1 ship 1522 18 men and 1 ship return homereturn home

Page 10: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

The Northwest PassageThe Northwest Passage 1497 John Cabot sent by Henry VIII to 1497 John Cabot sent by Henry VIII to

look for a way over N. America to the look for a way over N. America to the EastEast NewfoundlandNewfoundland

1535 Jacques Cartier and Samuel De 1535 Jacques Cartier and Samuel De Champlain (France)Champlain (France)

Henry HudsonHenry Hudson 1609 had claimed New Amsterdam for 1609 had claimed New Amsterdam for

the Dutchthe Dutch

Page 11: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

English, French and Dutch English, French and Dutch Explorers Explorers

ExplorerExplorer DatDatee

CountryCountry DiscoveryDiscovery

John CabotJohn Cabot 14971497 EnglandEngland New England New England Coast Coast

(Grand banks)(Grand banks)

Jacques Jacques CartierCartier

15341534 FranceFrance St. Lawrence St. Lawrence RiverRiver

Samuel De Samuel De ChamplainChamplain

16031603 FranceFrance Founded QuebecFounded Quebec

Henry HudsonHenry Hudson 16091609 EnglandEngland

NetherlandNetherlandss

Hudson BayHudson Bay

New YorkNew York

Page 12: GC Unit 6 The Age of Exploration. Motivations “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) “Glory, God and Gold” (Marco Polo Travels) Gold:Spices (Cinnamon,

ConquistadorsConquistadors

Spanish Spanish conquistadorsconquistadors (conquers) (conquers) attacked the natives in the Caribbeanattacked the natives in the Caribbean Found enormous amounts of Gold and Found enormous amounts of Gold and

silver silver Forced the natives to convert to Forced the natives to convert to

Christianity and work for themChristianity and work for them Hernan Cortes Hernan Cortes defeated the defeated the AztecsAztecs

((Montezuma) Montezuma) in Mexicoin Mexico Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro defeated the defeated the IncasIncas

((AtahualpaAtahualpa) in Peru) in Peru