GGood-bye to Frankensteinood-bye to Frankenstein

Improving Relations between Humanities Improving Relations between Humanities and Science as We Educateand Science as We Educate

Presentation by Gloria McMillan, Ph.D., Instructor Pima Community College

AA CCurriculum built upon urriculum built upon RRivalryivalry One grad student in a Ph.D. seminar One grad student in a Ph.D. seminar

did a computer study of did a computer study of DraculaDracula and and was forced to move the lone chart to was forced to move the lone chart to an appendix because “It disturbs the an appendix because “It disturbs the flow of the text.”flow of the text.”

The origins of the rivalry of “the men The origins of the rivalry of “the men of letters” with science dates to of letters” with science dates to Classical Greece. Classical Greece.

The aristocratic philosophers and The aristocratic philosophers and poets (poets (Aristoi class)Aristoi class) did not do did not do manual work. manual work.

TechneTechne (origin of our word (origin of our word technology) was the work of slaves.technology) was the work of slaves.

Plato

TThe he TTwo wo CCulturesultures

The Two CulturesThe Two Cultures is the title of an is the title of an influential 1959 Rede Lecture by influential 1959 Rede Lecture by British scientist and novelist C.P. British scientist and novelist C.P. Snow. Its thesis was that the Snow. Its thesis was that the breakdown of communication breakdown of communication between the "two cultures" of between the "two cultures" of modern society — the sciences and modern society — the sciences and the humanities — was a major the humanities — was a major hindrance to solving the world's hindrance to solving the world's problems. As a trained scientist problems. As a trained scientist who was also a successful novelist, who was also a successful novelist, Snow was well placed to pose the Snow was well placed to pose the question. question.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultures

Building Status of College English: the 1970sBuilding Status of College English: the 1970s

English composition professors responded to English composition professors responded to charges that they had no content but were a charges that they had no content but were a “service to real academic disciplines” by “service to real academic disciplines” by critiquing those other subjects and building a critiquing those other subjects and building a body of content.body of content.

English composition theory methods were English composition theory methods were informed by broader cultural theory from Europe informed by broader cultural theory from Europe (postmodernism).(postmodernism).

The English composition field added to its status The English composition field added to its status and chose its questions due to relations with and chose its questions due to relations with older fields. English literature research also older fields. English literature research also used Postmodern Theory.used Postmodern Theory.

MModernismodernism

ModernismModernism describes an array of cultural movements describes an array of cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late 19rooted in the changes in Western society in the late 19thth and early 20and early 20thth centuries. A series of reforming centuries. A series of reforming movements in art, architecture, music, literature.movements in art, architecture, music, literature.

ModernismModernism affirms the power of human beings to affirms the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of aid of scientific knowledgescientific knowledge, , technology or practical technology or practical experimentationexperimentation. It encouraged the re-examination of . It encouraged the re-examination of every aspect of existence, from commerce to every aspect of existence, from commerce to philosophy, with the goal of finding that which was philosophy, with the goal of finding that which was 'holding back' progress, and replacing it with new, 'holding back' progress, and replacing it with new, progressive and therefore better, ways of reaching the progressive and therefore better, ways of reaching the same end.same end.

Wikipedia definition:Wikipedia definition: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernism

PostPostmodernismmodernism

PostmodernismPostmodernism (PoMo) (PoMo) was originally a reaction to was originally a reaction to modernism. Largely influenced by the Western modernism. Largely influenced by the Western European disillusionment induced by World War II, European disillusionment induced by World War II, including a horror of the atomic bomb and Nazi including a horror of the atomic bomb and Nazi “science,” postmodernism tends to refer to a cultural, “science,” postmodernism tends to refer to a cultural, intellectual, or artistic state lacking a clear central intellectual, or artistic state lacking a clear central hierarchy or organizing principle and embodying hierarchy or organizing principle and embodying extreme complexity, contradiction, ambiguity, diversity, extreme complexity, contradiction, ambiguity, diversity, interconnectedness or interreferentiality, in a way that interconnectedness or interreferentiality, in a way that is often indistinguishable from a parody of itself. is often indistinguishable from a parody of itself.

PostmodernismPostmodernism does not believe in linear “progress.” does not believe in linear “progress.”

Source: Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernism

AntiAntimodernismmodernism

“Antimodernism is valuable in that it directly challenges and inverts modernism thereby helping to contain its considerable power and authority. It focuses attention on experience and nature, and thus provides alternatives to scientific and rationalistic ways of knowing. It is limited, though, by its inability to generalize beyond the individual or the particular language community.”

Flynn, Elizabeth A. “Rescuing Postmodernism.” College Composition and Communication, Vol. 48, No. 4 (Dec., 1997), pp. 540-555 Publisher: National Council of Teachers of English Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/358457

PostModern cultural theory todayPostModern cultural theory today

University of Vienna-trained philosopher University of Vienna-trained philosopher Paul Feyerabend writes: Paul Feyerabend writes:

““The church at the time of Galileo The church at the time of Galileo was much more faithful to reason was much more faithful to reason than Galileo himself, and also took than Galileo himself, and also took into consideration the ethical and into consideration the ethical and social consequences of Galileo’s social consequences of Galileo’s doctrine. Its verdict against doctrine. Its verdict against Galileo was rational and just, and Galileo was rational and just, and revisionism can be legitimized revisionism can be legitimized solely for motives of political solely for motives of political opportunism.” opportunism.”

Source: WikipediaSource: Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Feyerabendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Feyerabend

Feyerabend againFeyerabend again When asked by science When asked by science

theorist Thomas Kuhn, since theorist Thomas Kuhn, since he believed that witchcraft he believed that witchcraft was as valid logically as was as valid logically as scientific method, why he scientific method, why he didn’t ride to his Ivy League didn’t ride to his Ivy League lectures on a broom instead lectures on a broom instead of on a jet, Paul K. of on a jet, Paul K. Feyerabend, in Feyerabend, in Science in a Science in a Free SocietyFree Society, replied, , replied, “Because I know how to use “Because I know how to use planes but I don’t know how planes but I don’t know how to use brooms [as to use brooms [as transportation] and can’t be transportation] and can’t be bothered to learn” (190).bothered to learn” (190).

SScientism—cientism—BBane of ane of CCollege ollege EEnglish nglish DDepartmentsepartments

ScientismScientism sees it necessary to sees it necessary to do away with most, if not all, do away with most, if not all, metaphysical, philosophical, metaphysical, philosophical, and religious claims, as the and religious claims, as the truths they proclaim cannot truths they proclaim cannot be apprehended by the be apprehended by the scientific method. In essence, scientific method. In essence, scientism sees science as the scientism sees science as the absolute and only justifiable absolute and only justifiable access to the truth. access to the truth.

PBS definition found at:PBS definition found at: http://www.pbs.org/http://www.pbs.org/

faithandreason/gengloss/sciism-faithandreason/gengloss/sciism-body.htmlbody.html

The situation now in college The situation now in college English is often technophobic.English is often technophobic.

Essay recommended in a College English Essay recommended in a College English professors’ online discussion:professors’ online discussion:

“ “That’s the essence of Kubrick’s dark (That’s the essence of Kubrick’s dark (20012001) ) prophecy: as we come to rely on computers to prophecy: as we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence.” intelligence.”

Quoted in “Is Google Making Us Stupid?”Quoted in “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” by Nicholas Carr. by Nicholas Carr. The Atlantic MonthlyThe Atlantic Monthly..

July/August 2008. July/August 2008. http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200807/google/.http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200807/google/.

NumbersNumbers——alsoalso bane of English departmentsbane of English departments In response to In response to Graphs, Maps, Trees: Graphs, Maps, Trees:

Abstract Models for Literary HistoryAbstract Models for Literary History, by , by Franco Moretti, Franco Moretti,

Harold Bloom, the Yale English professor Harold Bloom, the Yale English professor famous for his prodigious command of famous for his prodigious command of canonical literature, was…dismissive. canonical literature, was…dismissive. Interrupting Interrupting

a description of the theory, he pronounced a description of the theory, he pronounced Mr. Moretti Mr. Moretti

''an absurdity.'' ''an absurdity.''

''I am interested in reading,'' he said with an ''I am interested in reading,'' he said with an audible shudder. ''That's all I'm interested audible shudder. ''That's all I'm interested in.'' in.''

From The NY Times Jan. 10, 2004From The NY Times Jan. 10, 2004

TThe he HHigher igher SSuperstitionuperstition Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with

Science Science by Paul R. Gross and Norman Levitt. Johns by Paul R. Gross and Norman Levitt. Johns Hopkins UP, 1997.Hopkins UP, 1997.

"We should be thankful that Gross and Levitt have provided a "We should be thankful that Gross and Levitt have provided a wake-up call. Their significant overview of the thinking of those wake-up call. Their significant overview of the thinking of those who teach our lawyers, journalists and teachers should be read who teach our lawyers, journalists and teachers should be read by all who are concerned by the decline of the status of science by all who are concerned by the decline of the status of science in our times." -- in our times." -- Physics TodayPhysics Today

Review of study by two scientists on the effects of Review of study by two scientists on the effects of PostModernism in Higher Education. NOTE: Critics of science PostModernism in Higher Education. NOTE: Critics of science are not only leftists but the conservative Humanities scholars are not only leftists but the conservative Humanities scholars like Bloom, as well.like Bloom, as well.

FFeminists: eminists: WWhose hose SScience?cience? ““Feminist discussion of science, technology, and theories of Feminist discussion of science, technology, and theories of

knowledge occur at a moment of rising skepticism about the benefits knowledge occur at a moment of rising skepticism about the benefits that science and their technologies can bring to society. Calls for that science and their technologies can bring to society. Calls for reforms and transformations have arisen from many different groups. reforms and transformations have arisen from many different groups. However, these discussions also occur when intellectuals in the fields However, these discussions also occur when intellectuals in the fields of science and technology are gaining more and more power in higher of science and technology are gaining more and more power in higher education and government.”education and government.”

““Feminists themselves are of three minds. They (we) criticize not only Feminists themselves are of three minds. They (we) criticize not only ‘bad science’ but also the problematics, agendas, ethics, ‘bad science’ but also the problematics, agendas, ethics, consequences, and status of what has come to be called “science as consequences, and status of what has come to be called “science as usual.” . . .From theorists who draw on European philosophy, comes usual.” . . .From theorists who draw on European philosophy, comes

criticism of the very idea of reconstructing science. . criticism of the very idea of reconstructing science. . .. These feminists appear to be arguing there is no These feminists appear to be arguing there is no

baby to be found in the bathwaterbaby to be found in the bathwater” (9).” (9).

From Introduction From Introduction Whose Science, Whose Knowledge?Whose Science, Whose Knowledge? Thinking Thinking from Women’s Lives from Women’s Lives bby Sandra Harding. Cornell U P, 1991.y Sandra Harding. Cornell U P, 1991.

Anti-science English class: Students RebelAnti-science English class: Students Rebel

Ms. Venkatesan's scholarly specialty is "science Ms. Venkatesan's scholarly specialty is "science studies," which, as she wrote in a journal article last studies," which, as she wrote in a journal article last year, "teaches that scientific knowledge has suspect year, "teaches that scientific knowledge has suspect access to truth." She continues: "Scientific facts do access to truth." She continues: "Scientific facts do not correspond to a natural reality but conform to a not correspond to a natural reality but conform to a social construct." social construct."

After a winter of discontent, the snapping point After a winter of discontent, the snapping point came while Ms. Venkatesan was lecturing her came while Ms. Venkatesan was lecturing her composition class on "ecofeminism," which holds, composition class on "ecofeminism," which holds, in part, that scientific advancements benefit the in part, that scientific advancements benefit the patriarchy but leave women out. One student took patriarchy but leave women out. One student took issue, and reasonably so – actually, empirically so.issue, and reasonably so – actually, empirically so.

Wall Street Journal Wall Street Journal ““Dartmouth's 'Hostile' Environment”Dartmouth's 'Hostile' Environment” By JOSEPH RAGOBy JOSEPH RAGO

May 5, 2008; Page A13May 5, 2008; Page A13

Top-down Creation of KnowledgeTop-down Creation of Knowledge

Since many English professors hold little respect for Since many English professors hold little respect for numbers, reason, or objectivity, a Moretti always numbers, reason, or objectivity, a Moretti always loses to the credentials of either a Feyerabend or a loses to the credentials of either a Feyerabend or a Bloom.Bloom.

Those at higher ranks always win in the Humanities, Those at higher ranks always win in the Humanities, but nothing is ever really solved, on the other hand.but nothing is ever really solved, on the other hand.

English departments abound with math phobia and English departments abound with math phobia and some professors only desire to debunk science. some professors only desire to debunk science. But there is a strong minority who see But there is a strong minority who see collaboration as a plus.collaboration as a plus.

The numbersThe numbers First-year college English is required at most First-year college English is required at most

research universities, four year colleges, and research universities, four year colleges, and two-year schools. The numbers of students two-year schools. The numbers of students being processed through college English are being processed through college English are huge—2,601,754,huge—2,601,754, only counting total freshmenonly counting total freshmen public 2- and 4-year colleges in 2006.*public 2- and 4-year colleges in 2006.* Most of Most of these must take English.these must take English.

These people vote more than their less educated These people vote more than their less educated cohort. Students may not be given a balanced cohort. Students may not be given a balanced view of science in view of science in many many college English college English classrooms and this may affect to their voting classrooms and this may affect to their voting priorities about government spending on priorities about government spending on astronomy and space.astronomy and space.

* National Center for Education Statistics * National Center for Education Statistics Postsecondary Studies Division Postsecondary Studies Division

Bridging the GulfBridging the Gulf

Very little is online in one place Very little is online in one place for college English instructors for college English instructors who wish to work with science, who wish to work with science, rather than demolish it or (more rather than demolish it or (more commonly) ignore science as commonly) ignore science as much as possible.much as possible.

The email college Writing The email college Writing Program Administrators’ list Program Administrators’ list has yielded a group of has yielded a group of professors interested in professors interested in sharing their materials online.sharing their materials online.

Range of repliesRange of replies Professors from Harvard, Yale, and Professors from Harvard, Yale, and

other prestigious colleges have other prestigious colleges have already shared materials and so already shared materials and so have their colleagues from other have their colleagues from other schools across the country.schools across the country.

This has never been done before. This has never been done before. The idea of sharing materials for The idea of sharing materials for online use to specifically bridge the online use to specifically bridge the battle lines between the humanities battle lines between the humanities and science is new. The group and science is new. The group came up with some modules in came up with some modules in outline form...outline form...

Making Space for Writing: Making Space for Writing: Finding the Science in Fiction Finding the Science in Fiction

(and non-Fiction)(and non-Fiction)

One suggested title for a web site incorporatingOne suggested title for a web site incorporating

lesson plans and activities for college English.lesson plans and activities for college English.

Module 1: Science Fiction & Module 1: Science Fiction & FactFact

Robert Markley (Univ. of Ill.) has written Robert Markley (Univ. of Ill.) has written Dying Planet : Mars in Science and the Dying Planet : Mars in Science and the ImaginationImagination, a useful text devoted to Mars , a useful text devoted to Mars in fact and fiction. He has also submitted in fact and fiction. He has also submitted two syllabi and one Mars bibliography to two syllabi and one Mars bibliography to start this module. He promises more to start this module. He promises more to come.come.

Exercise: Gloria McMillan has submitted a Exercise: Gloria McMillan has submitted a Ray Bradbury Ray Bradbury Martian ChroniclesMartian Chronicles handout, handout, dealing with social issues in the text and dealing with social issues in the text and film version of the collection of stories. film version of the collection of stories. Students consider the human political and Students consider the human political and cultural issues of planetary exploration.cultural issues of planetary exploration.

Module 2: Literary science (not science fiction per Module 2: Literary science (not science fiction per sese))

Cantor's DilemmaCantor's Dilemma by Carl Djerassi, about the race for a Nobel Prize, about how credit by Carl Djerassi, about the race for a Nobel Prize, about how credit for scientific discoveries is given, and how competition, politics, and ego play a major for scientific discoveries is given, and how competition, politics, and ego play a major role in many scientific inquiries. role in many scientific inquiries. 

Intuition Intuition by Alegra Goodmanby Alegra Goodman, set in a research  laboratory and involves possibly , set in a research  laboratory and involves possibly falsified data on an important discovery. falsified data on an important discovery.

Nice WorkNice Work by David Lodge, novel involving an engineer and a humanities-based by David Lodge, novel involving an engineer and a humanities-based girlfriend. Each character is weak in some areas. girlfriend. Each character is weak in some areas.

Heavenly IntrigueHeavenly Intrigue by Joshua Gilder (Re: Tycho Brahe’s/Kepler’s rivalry) and by Joshua Gilder (Re: Tycho Brahe’s/Kepler’s rivalry) and KeplerKepler by by John Banville. Students compare stance of writers toward subjects and science.John Banville. Students compare stance of writers toward subjects and science.

The Professor’s HouseThe Professor’s House by Willa Cather. Relations bet. Scientist and historian. by Willa Cather. Relations bet. Scientist and historian. Politics of museum collecting. Politics of museum collecting. Exercise: Nicole Bennett-BealerExercise: Nicole Bennett-Bealer

Log from the Sea of CortezLog from the Sea of Cortez by John Steinbeck. Writer changes mind about science by John Steinbeck. Writer changes mind about science due to marine biologist friend.due to marine biologist friend.

Einstein's DreamsEinstein's Dreams by MIT physicist Alan Lightman bridges the science and humanities by MIT physicist Alan Lightman bridges the science and humanities gap.gap.

Mr. Darwin's ShooterMr. Darwin's Shooter by Roger McDonald. by Roger McDonald. Dead as a DodoDead as a Dodo by Jane Langton. Mystery by Jane Langton. Mystery novels involving Darwin’s theory.novels involving Darwin’s theory.

MiddlesexMiddlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides discovery of reductase deficiency that causes a by Jeffrey Eugenides discovery of reductase deficiency that causes a person to be intersexed.person to be intersexed.

"The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall""The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall" by Edgar Alan Poeby Edgar Alan Poe ““The Birthmark”The Birthmark” by Nathaniel Hawthorne. by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Arrowsmith Arrowsmith by Sinclair Lewis. Ethics of medical research.by Sinclair Lewis. Ethics of medical research.

Module 3:Module 3: General culture, historical context, and the General culture, historical context, and the philosophy of sciencephilosophy of science

Night Thoughts of a Classical PhysicistNight Thoughts of a Classical Physicist is an artful is an artful experiment in writing the history of science. The book experiment in writing the history of science. The book is a sort of prose poem, consisting of the is a sort of prose poem, consisting of the ruminations--part memory, part dream--of the fictional ruminations--part memory, part dream--of the fictional Victor Jakob, an elderly theoretical physicist.Victor Jakob, an elderly theoretical physicist.

"Crucifixus Etiam""Crucifixus Etiam" (1953) by Walter M. Miller, Jr. is a (1953) by Walter M. Miller, Jr. is a science fiction text about teraforming Mars from science fiction text about teraforming Mars from sophisticated religious writer’s perspective. sophisticated religious writer’s perspective.

Science and Scientists in Victorian and Edwardian Science and Scientists in Victorian and Edwardian Literary Novels: Insights into the Emergence of a New Literary Novels: Insights into the Emergence of a New Profession Profession byby Nicholas Russell. Nicholas Russell.

““Animating Space: Disney, Science, and Animating Space: Disney, Science, and Empowerment” Empowerment”

by J. P. Telotte. by J. P. Telotte. Science Fiction StudiesScience Fiction Studies. 35.1 (Feb. . 35.1 (Feb. ’08) Disney allowed safe speculation about the future, ’08) Disney allowed safe speculation about the future, while reframing some of the more disturbing or while reframing some of the more disturbing or intractable problems as science fiction, thereby intractable problems as science fiction, thereby reassuring and empowering viewers in a time of reassuring and empowering viewers in a time of nuclear and Cold War anxietynuclear and Cold War anxiety..

Module 4:Module 4: Women in science and spaceWomen in science and space

Lesson plan: Comparisons between some real women in space Lesson plan: Comparisons between some real women in space program such as the first African American astronaut, physician Mae program such as the first African American astronaut, physician Mae Jemison and their representations in fiction and on film.Jemison and their representations in fiction and on film.

Lesson Plan: Comparing fictional depiction of women in science Lesson Plan: Comparing fictional depiction of women in science over time.over time.

Frederica QuartetFrederica Quartet byby A. S. Byatt. A. S. Byatt. Women caught up British science, Women caught up British science, British academic life, British culture in the 1950s.British academic life, British culture in the 1950s.

Small ChangesSmall Changes by Marge Piercy, 1972. by Marge Piercy, 1972. 1960s setting. One of the two main protagonists, Miriam Berg, is a 1960s setting. One of the two main protagonists, Miriam Berg, is a

computer scientist. Professionally, she does not survive the computer scientist. Professionally, she does not survive the collision between her own isolated, human-centred viewpoint, and collision between her own isolated, human-centred viewpoint, and the military-industrial complex.the military-industrial complex.

Module 5: PoetryModule 5: Poetry ““When I Heard the Learned Astronomer”When I Heard the Learned Astronomer” Walt Walt

Whitman, 1865 Whitman, 1865 ““Canis Major”Canis Major” Robert Frost, 1928 Robert Frost, 1928 ---. ---. “Choose Something Like a Star““Choose Something Like a Star“ ---.---. “Stars” “Stars” ---. ---. “The Star Splitter”“The Star Splitter” ““Arcturus in Autumn”Arcturus in Autumn” Sara Teasdale, 1926 Sara Teasdale, 1926 ““Peace On Earth”Peace On Earth” William Carlos Williams, 1913 William Carlos Williams, 1913 ““Aldebaran at Dusk”Aldebaran at Dusk” George Sterling, 1911 George Sterling, 1911 ““Tent Song”Tent Song” Witter Bynner, 1917 Witter Bynner, 1917 ““Evening Star”Evening Star” Edgar Allan Poe, 1827 Edgar Allan Poe, 1827 ““Lightly Stepped a Yellow Star”Lightly Stepped a Yellow Star” Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson ---. ---. “The Moon upon her Fluent Route” “The Moon upon her Fluent Route” ““I Am Like a Slip of Comet”I Am Like a Slip of Comet” Gerard Manley Gerard Manley

Hopkins,1864Hopkins,1864 ““White Dwarf”White Dwarf” John Updike John Updike ““WanderersWanderers”” Walter de la Mare Walter de la Mare ““Martian Landscape Poems”Martian Landscape Poems” Richard L. Poss Richard L. Poss "LIfe in an Expanding Universe" "LIfe in an Expanding Universe" by Pattiann Rogersby Pattiann Rogers ---. “---. “Achieving PerspectiveAchieving Perspective””

Module 6: TheatreModule 6: Theatre Life of Galileo (Leben des Galilei)Life of Galileo (Leben des Galilei) by Bertolt by Bertolt

Brecht, first theatrical production at the Zurich Brecht, first theatrical production at the Zurich Schauspielhaus, opening on 9 September 1943Schauspielhaus, opening on 9 September 1943

Return to the Forbidden PlanetReturn to the Forbidden Planet by Bob Carlton, a by Bob Carlton, a musical version of film musical version of film Forbidden PlanetForbidden Planet (inspired (inspired by Shakespeare’s by Shakespeare’s The TempestThe Tempest) produced on ) produced on Broadway at Variety Arts Theater, 110-12 Third Broadway at Variety Arts Theater, 110-12 Third Avenue, at 14th Street, Manhattan October 1991. Avenue, at 14th Street, Manhattan October 1991.

VoyageVoyage Producer (Dirk Maggs) Producer (Dirk Maggs) Apollo alternate history and manned Mars mission. Apollo alternate history and manned Mars mission.

1st Broadcast 12th April - 10th May 1999 BBC Radio 1st Broadcast 12th April - 10th May 1999 BBC Radio 44

CopenhagenCopenhagen by Michael Frayn. opened on by Michael Frayn. opened on Broadway at the Royale Theatre on April 11, 2000. Broadway at the Royale Theatre on April 11, 2000. In 1941, a meeting between the physicists Niels In 1941, a meeting between the physicists Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg decided the future of Bohr and Werner Heisenberg decided the future of atomic science.atomic science.

Module 7:Module 7: Film studies re: space exploration Film studies re: space exploration

Lesson Plan: Comparing specific films of the 1950s Lesson Plan: Comparing specific films of the 1950s and early 1960s with actual progress and politics and early 1960s with actual progress and politics behind the Apollo missions. EX: What rhetorical behind the Apollo missions. EX: What rhetorical situation does the filmmaker see as the reality of situation does the filmmaker see as the reality of these missions and how does this depiction these missions and how does this depiction compare with what is written in memoirs of compare with what is written in memoirs of astronauts? Films: astronauts? Films: Destination MoonDestination Moon (1950), (1950), Rocket Ship X-MRocket Ship X-M (1950). (1950).

Lesson Plan: Essay comparing the role of women in Lesson Plan: Essay comparing the role of women in a 1950s-60s film with reports of how women were a 1950s-60s film with reports of how women were being taken into the astronomy and aerospace being taken into the astronomy and aerospace professions Films: professions Films: Conquest of SpaceConquest of Space (1955), (1955), The Angry Red PlanetThe Angry Red Planet (1960), (1960), Beyond the Time Beyond the Time BarrierBarrier (1960). (1960).

Lesson Plan: Exobiology. How probable is it? Using Lesson Plan: Exobiology. How probable is it? Using films to explore how likely ETs are and the effect films to explore how likely ETs are and the effect on human identity, if such beings exist.on human identity, if such beings exist.

Module 8:Module 8: The rhetoric of space The rhetoric of space exploration exploration

Module 8: the scientific writing Module 8: the scientific writing module. Students will be given module. Students will be given lesson plans that both challenge lesson plans that both challenge them to create technical writing them to create technical writing and that analyze the rhetoric of and that analyze the rhetoric of existing texts.existing texts.

Lesson Online: Faith Mareck in Lesson Online: Faith Mareck in Humanities at Michigan Tech has Humanities at Michigan Tech has a web site designed to analyze a web site designed to analyze audience and rhetoric of the audience and rhetoric of the Voyager spacecraft:Voyager spacecraft:

http://www.hu.mtu.edu/~afmareck/Fhttp://www.hu.mtu.edu/~afmareck/F04_UN2001/21revisions.htm04_UN2001/21revisions.htm

Thanks to the Ad Hoc GroupThanks to the Ad Hoc Group Susan “George” Schorn, University of TexasSusan “George” Schorn, University of Texas Anne Faith Mareck, Michigan Tech UAnne Faith Mareck, Michigan Tech U Deborah S. Bosley, U. N. CarolinaDeborah S. Bosley, U. N. Carolina Dorene Ames, W Washington UDorene Ames, W Washington U Adam Turner, Hanyang U, S. KoreaAdam Turner, Hanyang U, S. Korea Alfred E. Guy Jr., Yale UAlfred E. Guy Jr., Yale U Stephen Burt, Harvard UStephen Burt, Harvard U Bob Markley U Ill. UrbanaBob Markley U Ill. Urbana Nichole Bennett-Bealer SUNY PlattsburghNichole Bennett-Bealer SUNY Plattsburgh Michelle Sidler, Auburn UMichelle Sidler, Auburn U Karla Armbruster, Webster U, St. Louis, MOKarla Armbruster, Webster U, St. Louis, MO Marcia Ribble, U of CincinnatiMarcia Ribble, U of Cincinnati Kathy Fitch, College of DuPageKathy Fitch, College of DuPage Ron Scott, Walsh URon Scott, Walsh U Patrick Ewing, UCSBPatrick Ewing, UCSB Jason S. Todd, Xavier U, LouisianaJason S. Todd, Xavier U, Louisiana Lowell T. FryeLowell T. Frye, , Hampden-Sydney CollegeHampden-Sydney College Richard H. Haswell, Texas A&MRichard H. Haswell, Texas A&M Jane Nelson, U of WyomingJane Nelson, U of Wyoming John Walter, St. Louis UJohn Walter, St. Louis U Tom McGohey, Wake Forest CollegeTom McGohey, Wake Forest College Jim Corrick, U of Arizona, Ret.Jim Corrick, U of Arizona, Ret. Lawrence Rozanski, III, Temple ULawrence Rozanski, III, Temple U